EST. CULT. EM LÍNG. Inglesa AV

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Nota da Prova: 7,5 Nota de Partic.: 1 Av. Parcial.: 2 
 
 
 1
a
 Questão (Ref.: 185596) Pontos: 1,0 / 1,0 
According to the Reflexive Modernity theory, politicians are not to be blamed for all of their 
decisions. Explain the reason for this conception. 
 
 
 
Gabarito: According to the Reflexive Modernization theory, politicians are not to be blamed for all 
of their decisions because the political decisions that influence everyday life the most are not from 
formal political resolution, but from informal spheres of society. 
 
 
 
 2
a
 Questão (Ref.: 270229) Pontos: 1,0 / 1,0 
A youth subculture is a youth-based subculture with distinct styles, behaviors, and interests, which 
are often regarded as against the norms of society. Research in cultural studies reintroduced the idea 
that subcultures are ways in which kids live out and understand a complex social structure. 
Skinheads in the 1970s represent a ´magical´ recovery of traditional working class culture. At the 
same time, hippies are living out a rebellious middle class culture. 
Based on the previous comments, mention examples of up-to-date youth subculture in our country 
and justify your answer. 
 
 
Gabarito: Suggested answer: funk and the student ought to find a proper justification for his choice. 
A possible one might be to mention that the ones who usually enjoy ´funk music´ may not 
necessarily ´fit in´in our society. 
 
 
 
 3
a
 Questão (Ref.: 185251) Pontos: 1,0 / 1,0 
 How do Marxists see culture? 
 
 as a mechanism by which some groups are more creative than others 
 as a mechanism by which some groups are socially bonded together 
 as a mechanism by which some groups maintain power over other groups 
 as a mechanism to protect minorities 
 as a mechanism to prevent integration 
 
 
 
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a
 Questão (Ref.: 165067) Pontos: 1,0 / 1,0 
What is a 'civilization'? 
 
 Europe and the US 
 The broadest construction of cultural identity 
 none of the above 
 Mesopotamia 
 A society which is intellectually accomplished 
 
 
 
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a
 Questão (Ref.: 699215) Pontos: 1,0 / 1,0 
Choose the only option which does NOT describe culture according to sociological action: 
 
 It´s a process but not a fluid one. 
 It´s something that individuals do 
 It´s a collective set of meanings 
 It´s produced by individual consciousness. 
 It´s a dynamic and fluid process 
Gabarito Comentado. 
 
 
 
 
 6
a
 Questão (Ref.: 251062) Pontos: 1,0 / 1,0 
Why are Giddens concepts criticized? Because 
 
 He states that structures tend to control people and there is no way out of it. 
 he exaggerates the degree of choice that individuals have over their own lives, and plays down 
the fact that often our lives are not of our own choosing. 
 Giddens ignores the fact that some individuals don¿t have more agency than others in society, 
since they have less power. 
 Giddens addresses the question of who can transform what aspects of social structure and 
how. 
 Giddens praised too much the liberty a special group of people had. 
Gabarito Comentado. 
 
 
 
 
 7
a
 Questão (Ref.: 182032) Pontos: 0,5 / 0,5 
According to the Post-Modernity phenomenon, globalization 
 
 may alter time and space notions, drive out the social system and the imposed structures as 
well as make possible the emergence of a pluralization of social power centers. 
 may alter time notion, drive out the social system and all the structures as well as make 
possible the emergence of a pluralization of social power centers. 
 may eliminate time and space notions, drive out the social system and the imposed structures 
as well as make possible the emergence of a pluralization of social power centers. 
 may alter time and space notions, drive out the social system and the imposed structures as 
well as make impossible the emergence of a pluralization of social centers. 
 may alter time notion, eliminate the social system and the imposed structures as well as make 
possible the emergence of a pluralization of social power centers 
Gabarito Comentado. 
 
 
 
 
 8
a
 Questão (Ref.: 230257) Pontos: 0,5 / 0,5 
´´Culture is among the most complicated words in the English language. It refers to the processes by 
which the symbolic systems (e.g., common sense, "usual way of doing things"; traditions and rituals, 
frameworks for understanding experience, etc.) characteristically shared by a group of people are 
maintained and transformed across time.´´ (www.encyclopedia.com) 
Which of the following statements about culture is correct: 
 
 Youth culture refers to those processes and symbolic systems that young people share that are, 
to some degree, distinctive from those of their parents and the other adults in their community. 
 Youth Culture is a term always associated with criminality and juvenile delinquency. It is the 
dominating force in the life of most young people. 
 Youth Culture is closely associated with the hip-hop community. It might even have less 
influence over young people than traditional institutions such as churches, schools, and even 
families. 
 Deviant subculture refers to a group that has broken away from the wider, dominant culture 
and has a high migration rate and consequently an unsettled culture. They are not given the 
opportunity of producing any culture. 
 Subculture refers to the way of life of a very small group which includes the ideas or the 
behavior, ritual practices and material goods of the group. 
Gabarito Comentado. 
 
 
 
 
 9
a
 Questão (Ref.: 754334) Pontos: 0,5 / 0,5 
Barthes declared that 'semiology aims to take in any system of -----------, whatever their substance 
and limits; images, gestures, musical sounds, objects, and the complex associations of all of these, 
which form the content of ritual, convention or public entertainment: these constitute, if 
not languages, at least systems of signification' 
 
 norms 
 objects 
 stuctures 
 numbers 
 signs 
Gabarito Comentado. 
 
 
 
 
 10
a
 Questão (Ref.: 229102) Pontos: 0,0 / 0,5 
Feminism ideology can take many different forms. In the 1970's, women started developing a theory 
which helped to explain their oppression. By the 1980's, feminists started disagreeing on particular 
issues linked to feminism. What was once one theory, began to branch out into many theories that 
focused on different feminist issues. 
What is the main focus of radical feminism? 
 
 Radical feminism is a philosophy emphasizing the patriarchal roots of inequality between men 
and women, or, more specifically, social dominance of men by women. 
 Radical feminism focuses on men as oppressors. Radical feminists view prostitution as a 
reinforcement, perpetuation, subordination, and exploitation of women. 
 Radical feminists tend to be more militant in their approach (radical as "getting to the root"). 
Radical feminism opposes existing political and social organization in general because it is 
inherently tied to matriarchy. 
 Radical feminism is a "current" within feminism that focuses on the theory of patriarchy as a 
system of power that organizes society into acomplex of relationships based on an 
assumption of "female supremacy" used to oppress men. Radical feminism aims at 
challenging and at overthrowing patriarchy by opposing standard gender roles and the female 
oppression of men, and calls for a radical reordering of society. 
 Radical feminists believe that society must be changed at its core in order to dissolve 
matriarchy, not just through acts of legislation. Unfortunately, this type of feminism also 
attracts a lot of negative media attention creating a negative view of feminism. Radical 
feminists believe that the domination of men is the oldest and worst kind of oppression in the 
world so their focus is on young girls who should be brought up to rule the world and banish 
men from their pedestal. 
Gabarito Comentado.