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GOVERNO DOS ALGORITMOS -SERGIO AMADEU DA SILVEIRA

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Artigo recebido em: 13.06.2016 Aprovado em: 31.10.2016
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v21n1p267-281
GOVERNO DOS ALGORITMOS
Sergio Amadeu Silveira1
Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC)
Resumo 
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nições mostra o nível de penetração dos algoritmos em nossa sociedade e indica 
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GOVERNMENT OF ALGORITHMS
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Sergio Amadeu Silveira
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v21n1p267-281
1 INTRODUÇÃO
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e sua sintaxe incorpora uma estrutura de comando para permitir que 
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a crescente presença dos algoritmos em nosso convívio. A paisagem 
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269
GOVERNO DOS ALGORITMOS
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v21n1p267-281
2 GOVERNO, GOVERNANÇA E GOVERNAMENTALIDADE
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da Ciência Política tratam da instituição ou da ação em torno do Es-
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nente europeu se designa com a expressão regime político. O que se 
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usam outros termos como cabinet na Grã-Bretanha e administration 
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poucos e governo de muitos. 
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bre as questões do governo e da governamentalidade a partir de sua 
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saber a economia política e por instrumentos técnicos essenciais os 
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v21n1p267-281
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signava a maneira de dirigir a conduta dos indivíduos ou dos grupos: 
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sar o poder em relação aos dispositivos – os algoritmos – que são 
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termo governança.
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te ao governo. Rosenau (2000) parece considerar melhor o acordo 
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dos operadores das instituições estatais.
A proposta da governamentalidade abre espaço para compre-
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de saberes que redundaram em estratégias e políticas de controle das 
populações. Também permite observar a relação dos dispositivos 
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em interação com o Estado. O termo governança poderia ser empre-
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sobre os algoritmos que utilizam? Como deveria ser estruturada uma 
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3 INVISIBILIDADE, NEUTRALIDADE E DIMENSÃO 
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v21n1p267-281
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dentro de empresas e corporações que os vendem ao Estado. Para 
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submetido aos interesses de seus compradores.
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existissem. O grande problema é que sua invisibilidade e virtualida-
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H[HPSOR��(P�VHWHPEUR�GH�������D�$JrQFLD�GH�3URWHomR�$PELHQWDO�
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GRV�SHOR�PRWRU��$�IUDXGH�Vy�IRL�GHVFREHUWD�FRP�R�DSRLR�GH�SHVTXL-
sadores da Universidade de West Virginia. O Conselho de Emissões 
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lidade.
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nicidade neutra de uma racionalidade naturalizada que implicam o 
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273
GOVERNO DOS ALGORITMOS
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v21n1p267-281
Um passo importante para recuperar a capacidade crítica 
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*LOOHVSLH� �������S�� ����� WUDGXomR�QRVVD��� GHVWDFRX� VHLV�GLPHQV}HV�
GRV�³>���@�DOJRULWPRV�GH�UHOHYkQFLD�S~EOLFD´�TXH�WrP�YDOLGDGH�SROtWL-
ca. A primeira diz respeito aos padrões de inclusão utilizados pelos 
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HP�VXDV�RSHUDo}HV��7DPEpP�VmR�SURMHWDGRV�SDUD�DQWHFLSDU�D�HVFROKD�
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SD]�GH�REWHU�TXDLV�LQIRUPDo}HV�VmR�PDLV�RX�PHQRV�LPSRUWDQWHV�SDUD�
cada pessoa. Todas as operações algorítmicas portam a promessa da 
REMHWLYLGDGH��DFLPD�GH�RSLQL}HV�H�SRQWRV�GH�YLVWD��(P�VHX�HPDUD-
QKDPHQWR�FRP�D�SUiWLFD�GRV�XVXiULRV��RV�DOJRULWPRV�RV�DOWHUDP�H�VmR�
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UHFRQ¿JXUDU�D�YLVmR�TXH�SRVVXHP�GR�VHX�SUySULR�JUXSR��
4 PERFORMATIVIDADE E TOMADA DE DECISÃO NO 
SETOR PÚBLICO 
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o}HV�H�FRUUHODo}HV��HQWUH�RXWUDV�DWLYLGDGHV�PDLV�FRPSOH[DV��9iULDV�
GHFLV}HV�� DQWHV� WRPDGDV� SRU� SHVVRDV�� HVWmR� VHQGR� VXEVWLWXtGDV� SRU�
GHFLV}HV�DGRWDGDV�SRU�DOJRULWPRV��1D�DGPLQLVWUDomR�S~EOLFD�EUDVL-
OHLUD�DWXDO��R�QtYHO�GDV�VROXo}HV�GDGDV�SRU�DOJRULWPRV�DLQGD�p�FRQVL-
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dos às redes e com o crescimento das cidades digitais e inteligentes. 
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HVTXHPDV�RSHUDGRV�SRU�DOJRULWPRV�PDLV�FRPSOH[RV��FRPR�QR�FDVR�
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Outro exemplo pode ser encontrado na organização do atendimento 
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274
Sergio Amadeu Silveira
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v21n1p267-281
riam impossíveis de executar manualmente. Mas os resultados des-
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Os riscos dessa automatização podem ser observados quando 
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GLo}HV�� LQFOXLQGR� WUrV�(VWDGRV� LQWHLURV� �$UL]RQD��.HQWXFN\�H�1HZ�
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também têm sido apontadas como reprodutoras e ampliadoras do 
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2016).
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tados do algoritmo podem não ser previsíveis. Podemos entender 
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QDP��PDV�HOHV�SRGHP�JHUDU�UHVXOWDGRV�TXH�QmR�SRGHP�VHU�SUHYLVWRV�
com antecedência. Isso complica a responsabilidade ex ante em 
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]DJHP�RX�GH�UHYLVmR�D�SDUWLU�GH�LQIRUPDo}HV�REWLGDV�DSyV�VXD�DomR�
anterior. O algoritmo utilizado pelo motor de busca do Google é 
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WHPDV� TXH�PDLV� QRV� LQWHUHVVDP�� FRP�DV� HVFROKDV� GH� OLQNV� TXH� ID-
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275
GOVERNO DOS ALGORITMOS
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v21n1p267-281
QRVVDV�LGHQWLGDGHV�HP�JUXSRV�HVSHFt¿FRV�GH�¿OWHU�EXEEOH��1HP�RV�
desenvolvedores que criaram o algoritmo conseguem saber como 
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utiliza. Os problemas podem ser maiores quando tratamos do uso de 
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de estudo que se concentra em algoritmos de indução e em outros 
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turmas em uma grande universidade ou em um sistema regional de 
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algoritmo que regula os preços na Amazon entrou em um processo 
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276
Sergio Amadeu Silveira
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v21n1p267-281
como o gestor pode governar um algoritmo que se altera constan-
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para a sociedade que é governada por ele? Esses questionamentos 
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decisões sobre a vida das cidadãs e cidadãos. Com base no potencial 
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seiam em licenças de propriedade intelectual restritivas. 
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correção de rumos e de decisões adotadas.
3 - Delimitadores de decisão devem ser incorporados nos al-
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e algoritmos os procedimentos que assegurem a privaci-
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acesso para proteger os dados dos cidadãos.
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sua proteção.
6 - Toda gestão de dados deve possuir documentos descre-
vendo sua guarda e utilização. Essas declarações de po-
lítica de privacidade e de gestão algorítmica devem ser 
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ros para garantir o seu cumprimento.
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desenvolvidos sem a participação dos gestores e adminis-
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277
GOVERNO DOS ALGORITMOS
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v21n1p267-281
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as soluções adquiridas devem ser adequadas aos interes-
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Esses procedimentos não evitam as possíveis distorções e 
implicações negativas que os algoritmos podem gerar na organiza-
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às soluções disponíveis e aos produtos vendidos pelas corporações. 
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e os processos que automatizam. Os algoritmos não modelam o 
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a agência de tais modelos na realização de suas escolhas. (MA-
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vação ou uma mera modernização. Deve ser compreendido no con-
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algoritmos. Precisamos assumir que os algoritmos possuem conse-
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5 CONCLUSÃO: controle e governo dos algoritmos
Governar implica utilizar dispositivos e tecnologias de con-
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