Exercicios-ingles

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INGLÊS 
 
 
 
 
EXERCÍCIOS DE VESTIBULARES E ENEM 
 
 
3.º ANO DO ENSINO MÉDIO 
 
 
GERALDO VIEIRA JÚNIOR 
COORDENADOR DE ÁREA EM INGLÊS 
 
 
 
2017 
 
 
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ÍNDICE 
 
 
ENEM – 2013 06 
ENEM – 2014 09 
ENEM – 2015 12 
ENEM – 2016 – 1ª APLICAÇÃO 15 
ENEM – 2016 – 2ª APLICAÇÃO 17 
FCMMG 2017 20 
FUVEST – 2016 23 
FUVEST – 2017 26 
PUCMINAS 2016 /2 28 
PUCMINAS – 2017 /1 30 
UEMG – 2017 32 
UNICAMP – 2016 35 
UNICAMP – 2017 39 
 
 
 
 
6
ENEM – 2013 
QUESTION 01 
 
 
 
A partir da leitura dessa tirinha, infere-se que o discurso de Calvin teve um efeito diferente do pretendido, 
uma vez que ele 
A) decide tirar a neve do quintal para convencer seu pai sobre seu discurso. 
B) culpa o pai por exercer influência negativa na formação de sua personalidade. 
C) comenta que suas discussões com o pai não correspondem às suas expectativas. 
D) conclui que os acontecimentos ruins não fazem falta para a sociedade. 
E) reclama que é vítima dos valores que o levam a atitudes inadequadas. 
 
QUESTION 02 
Do one thing for diversity and inclusionDo one thing for diversity and inclusionDo one thing for diversity and inclusionDo one thing for diversity and inclusion 
The United Nations Alliance of Civilizations (UNAOC) is launching a campaign aimed at 
engaging people around the world to Do One Thing to support Cultural Diversity and Inclusion. 
Every one of us can do ONE thing for diversity and inclusion; even one little thing can become a 
global action if we all take part in it. 
 
Simple things YOU can do to celebrate the World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and 
Development on May 21. 
1. Visit an art exhibit or a museum dedicated to other cultures. 
2. Read about the great thinkers of other cultures. 
3. Visit a place of worship different from yours and participate in the celebration. 
4. Spread your own culture around the world and learn about other cultures. 
5. Explore music of a different culture. 
 
There are thousands of things that you can do, are you taking part in it? 
UNITED NATIONS ALLIANCE OF CIVILIZATIONS. Disponível em: www.unaoc.org. Acesso em: 16 fev. 2013 (adaptado) 
 
Internautas costumam manifestar suas opiniões sobre artigos on-line por meio da postagem de 
comentários. O comentário que exemplifica o engajamento proposto na quarta dica da campanha 
apresentada no texto é: 
A) “Lá na minha escola, aprendi a jogar capoeira para uma apresentação no Dia da Consciência Negra.” 
B) “Outro dia assisti na TV uma reportagem sobre respeito à diversidade. Gente de todos os tipos, várias 
tribos. Curti bastante.” 
C) “Eu me inscrevi no Programa Jovens Embaixadores para mostrar o que tem de bom em meu país e 
conhecer outras formas de ser.” 
D) “Curto muito bater papo na internet. Meus amigos estrangeiros me ajudam a aperfeiçoar minha 
proficiência em língua estrangeira.” 
E) “Pesquisei em sites de culinária e preparei uma festa árabe para uns amigos da escola. Eles adoraram, 
principalmente, os doces!” 
 
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QUESTION 03 
After prison blaze kills hundreds in Honduras, After prison blaze kills hundreds in Honduras, After prison blaze kills hundreds in Honduras, After prison blaze kills hundreds in Honduras, 
UN warns on overcrowdingUN warns on overcrowdingUN warns on overcrowdingUN warns on overcrowding 
15 February 2012 
A United Nations human rights official today called on Latin American countries to 
tackle the problem of prison overcrowding in the wake of an overnight fire at a jail in 
Honduras that killed hundreds of inmates. More than 300 prisoners are reported to have died 
in the blaze at the prison, located north of the capital, Tegucigalpa, with dozens of others 
still missing and presumed dead. Antonio Maldonado, human rights adviser for the UN system 
in Honduras, told UN Radio today that overcrowding may have contributed to the death toll. 
“But we have to wait until a thorough investigation is conducted so we can reach a precise 
cause,” he said. “But of course there is a problem of overcrowding in the prison system, not 
only in this country, but also in many other prisons in Latin America.” 
Disponível em: www.un.org. Acesso em: 22 fev. 2012 (adaptado). 
 
Os noticiários destacam acontecimentos diários, que são veiculados em jornal impresso, rádio, televisão e 
internet. Nesse texto, o acontecimento reportado é a 
A) ocorrência de um incêndio em um presídio superlotado em Honduras. 
B) questão da superlotação nos presídios de Honduras e na América Latina. 
C) investigação da morte de um oficial das Nações Unidas em visita a um presídio. 
D) conclusão do relatório sobre a morte de mais de trezentos detentos em Honduras. 
E) causa da morte de doze detentos em um presídio superlotado ao norte de Honduras. 
 
QUESTION 04 
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWSNATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWSNATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWSNATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWS 
Christine Dell’Amore 
Published April 26, 2010 
Our bodies produce a small steady amount of natural morphine, a new study suggests. 
Traces of the chemical are often found in mouse and human urine, leading scientists to wonder 
whether the drug is being made naturally or being delivered by something the subjects 
consumed. The new research shows that mice produce the “incredible painkiller” and that 
humans and other mammals possess the same chemical road map for making it, said study co-
author Meinhart Zenk, who studies plant based pharmaceuticals at the Donald Danforth Plant 
Science Center in St. Louis, Missouri. 
Disponível em: <www.nationalgeographic.com>. Acesso em: 27 jul. 2010. 
 
Ao ler a matéria publicada na National Geographic, para a realização de um trabalho escolar, um 
estudante descobriu que 
A) os compostos químicos da morfina, produzidos por humanos, são manipulados no Missouri. 
B) os ratos e os humanos possuem a mesma via metabólica para produção da morfina. 
C) a produção de morfina em grande quantidade minimiza a dor em ratos e humanos. 
D) os seres humanos têm uma predisposição genética para inibir a dor. 
E) a produção de morfina é um traço incomum entre os animais. 
 
 
 
 
 
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QUESTION 05 
 
STEVE JOBS: A LIFE REMEMBERED 1955STEVE JOBS: A LIFE REMEMBERED 1955STEVE JOBS: A LIFE REMEMBERED 1955STEVE JOBS: A LIFE REMEMBERED 1955----2011201120112011 
 
Readerdigest.ca takes a look back at Steve Jobs, and his contribution to your digital 
world. 
CEO. Tech-Guru. Artist. There are few corporate figures as famous and well-regarded 
as former-Apple CEO Steve Jobs. His list of achievements is staggering, and his contribution 
to modern technology, digital media, and indeed the world as a whole, cannot be downplayed. 
With his passing on October 5, 2011, readerdigest.ca looks back at some of his greatest 
achievements, and pays our respects to a digital pioneer who helped pave the way for a 
generation of technology, and possibilities few could have imagined. 
Disponível em: www.readersdigest.ca. Acesso em: 25 fev. 2012. 
 
Informações sobre pessoas famosas são recorrentes na mídia, divulgadas de forma impressa ou 
virtualmente. Em relação a Steve Jobs, esse texto propõe 
 
A) expor as maiores conquistas da sua empresa. 
B) descrever suascriações na área da tecnologia. 
C) enaltecer sua contribuição para o mundo digital. 
D) lamentar sua ausência na criação de novas tecnologias. 
E) discutir o impacto de seu trabalho para a geração digital. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9
ENEM – 2014 
QUESTION 01 
 
Disponível em: http://wefeedback.org. Acesso em: 30 jul. 2012. 
A internet tem servido a diferentes interesses, ampliando, muitas vezes, o contato entre pessoas e 
instituições. Um exemplo disso é o site WeFeedback, no qual a internauta Kate Watts 
A) comprou comida em promoção. 
B) inscreveu-se em concurso. 
C) fez doação para caridade. 
D) participou de pesquisa de opinião. 
E) voluntariou-se para trabalho social. 
 
QUESTION 02 
If You Can’t Master English, Try GlobishIf You Can’t Master English, Try GlobishIf You Can’t Master English, Try GlobishIf You Can’t Master English, Try Globish 
PARIS — It happens all the time: during an airport delay the man to the left, a 
Korean perhaps, starts talking to the man opposite, who might be Colombian, and soon 
they are chatting away in what seems to be English. But the native English speaker 
sitting between them cannot understand a word. 
They don’t know it, but the Korean and the Colombian are speaking Globish, the 
latest addition to the 6,800 languages that are said to be spoken across the world. Not 
that its inventor, Jean-Paul Nerrière, considers it a proper language. 
“It is not a language, it is a tool,” he says. “A language is the vehicle of a culture. 
Globish doesn’t want to be that at all. It is a means of communication.” 
Nerrière doesn’t see Globish in the same light as utopian efforts such as 
Kosmos, Volapuk, Novial or staunch Esperanto. Nor should it be confused with barbaric 
Algol (for Algorithmic language). It is a sort of English lite: a means of simplifying the 
language and giving it rules so it can be understood by all. 
BLUME, M. Disponível em: www.nytimes.com. Acesso em: 28 out. 2013 (fragmento). 
 
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Considerando as ideias apresentadas no texto, o Globish (Global English) é uma variedade da língua 
inglesa que 
A) tem status de língua por refletir uma cultura global. 
B) facilita o entendimento entre o falante nativo e o não nativo. 
C) tem as mesmas características de projetos utópicos como o esperanto. 
D) altera a estrutura do idioma para possibilitar a comunicação internacional. 
E) apresenta padrões de fala idênticos aos da variedade usada pelos falantes nativos. 
 
QUESTION 03 
A Tall OrderA Tall OrderA Tall OrderA Tall Order 
The sky isn’t the limit for an architect building the world’s first invisible skyscraper 
 
Charles Wee, one of the world’s leading high-rise architects, has a confession to make: he’s 
bored with skyscrapers. After designing more than 30, most of which punctuate the skylines 
of rapidly expanding Asian cities, he has struck upon a novel concept: the first invisible 
skyscraper. 
As the tallest structure in South Korea, his infinity Tower will loom over Seoul until 
somebody pushes a button and it completely disappears. 
When he entered a 2004 competition to design a landmark tower, the Korean-American 
architect rejected the notion of competing with Dubai, Toronto, and Shanghai to reach the 
summit of man-made summits. “I thought, let’s not jump into this stupid race to build another 
‘tallest’ tower,” he says in a phone conversation. “Let’s take an opposite approach — let’s make 
an anti-tower.” 
The result will be a 150-story building that fades from view at the flick of a switch. 
The tower will effectively function as an enormous television screen, being able to project an 
exact replica of whatever is happening behind it onto its façade. To the human eye, the 
building will appear to have melted away. 
It will be the most extraordinary achievement of Wee’s stellar architectural career. 
After graduating from UCLA, he worked under Anthony Lumsden, a prolific Californian 
architect who helped devise the modern technique of wrapping buildings inside smooth glass 
skins. 
HINES, N. Disponível em: http://mag.newsweek.com. Acesso em: 13 out. 2013 (adaptado). 
 
No título e no subtítulo desse texto, as expressões A Tall Order e The sky isn’t the limit são usadas para 
apresentar uma matéria cujo tema é: 
 
A) Inovações tecnológicas usadas para a construção de um novo arranha-céu em Seul. 
B) Confissões de um arquiteto que busca se destacar na construção de arranha-céus. 
C) Técnicas a serem estabelecidas para a construção de edifícios altos na Califórnia. 
D) Competição entre arquitetos para a construção do edifício mais alto do mundo. 
E) Construção de altas torres de apartamentos nas grandes metrópoles da Ásia. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11
QUESTION 04 
Masters of WarMasters of WarMasters of WarMasters of War 
Come you masters of war 
You that build all the guns 
You that build the death planes 
You that build all the bombs 
You that hide behind walls 
You that hide behind desks 
I just want you to know 
I can see through your masks. 
You that never done nothin’ 
But build to destroy 
You play with my world 
Like it’s your little toy 
You put a gun in my hand 
And you hide from my eyes 
And you turn and run farther 
When the fast bullets fly. 
Like Judas of old 
You lie and deceive 
A world war can be won 
You want me to believe 
But I see through your eyes 
And I see through your brain 
Like I see through the water 
That runs down my drain. 
BOB DYLAN. The Freewheelin’ Bob Dylan. Nova York: Columbia Records, 1963 (fragmento). 
 
Na letra da canção Masters of War, há questionamentos e reflexões que aparecem em forma de protesto 
contra 
A) o envio de jovens à guerra para promover a expansão territorial dos Estados Unidos. 
B) o comportamento dos soldados norte-americanos nas guerras de que participaram. 
C) o sistema que recruta soldados para guerras motivadas por interesses econômicos. 
D) o desinteresse do governo pelas famílias dos soldados mortos em campos de batalha. 
E) as Forças Armadas norte-americanas, que enviavam homens despreparados para as guerras. 
 
 
QUESTION 05 
The Road Not Taken (by Robert Frost)The Road Not Taken (by Robert Frost)The Road Not Taken (by Robert Frost)The Road Not Taken (by Robert Frost) 
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I — 
I took the one less traveled by, 
And that has made all the difference. 
Disponível em: www.poetryfoundation.org. Acesso em: 29 nov. 2011 (fragmento). 
 
 
Estes são os versos finais do famoso poema The Road Not Taken, do poeta americano Robert Frost. 
Levando-se em consideração que a vida é comumente metaforizada como uma viagem, esses versos 
indicam que o autor 
A) festeja o fato de ter sido ousado na escolha que fez em sua vida. 
B) lamenta por ter sido um viajante que encontrou muitas bifurcações. 
C) viaja muito pouco e que essa escolha fez toda a diferença em sua vida. 
D) reconhece que as dificuldades em sua vida foram todas superadas. 
E) percorre várias estradas durante as diferentes fases de sua vida. 
 
 
12
ENEM – 2015 
QUESTION 01 
 
Transportation Security Administration. 
Disponível em: <www.tsa.gov>. Acesso em: 13 jan. 2010. (Adaptado). 
 
As instituições públicas fazem uso de avisos como instrumento de comunicação com o cidadão. Esse 
aviso, voltado a passageiros, tem o objetivo de 
A) solicitar que as malas sejam apresentadas para inspeção. 
B) notificar o passageiro pelo transporte de produtos proibidos. 
C) informar que a mala foi revistada pelos oficiais de segurança. 
D) dar instruções de como arrumar malas de forma a evitar inspeções. 
E) apresentar desculpas pelo dano causado à maladurante a viagem. 
 
QUESTION 02 
My brother the star, my mother the earth 
my father the sun, my sister the moon, 
to my life give beauty, to my 
body give strength, to my corn give 
goodness, to my house give peace, to 
my spirit give truth, to my elders give 
wisdom. 
Disponível em: www.blackhawkproductions.com. Acesso em: 8 ago. 2012. 
 
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Produções artístico-culturais revelam visões de mundo próprias de um grupo social. Esse poema 
demonstra a estreita relação entre a tradição oral da cultura indígena norte-americana e a 
A) transmissão de hábitos alimentares entre gerações. 
B) dependência da sabedoria de seus ancestrais. 
C) representação do corpo em seus rituais. 
D) importância dos elementos da natureza. 
E) preservação da estrutura familiar. 
 
QUESTÃO 03 
 
RIDGWAY, L. Disponível em: <http://fborfw.com>. Acesso em: 23 fev. 2012. 
Na tira da série For better or for worse, a comunicação entre as personagens fica comprometida em um 
determinado momento porque 
A) as duas amigas divergem de opinião sobre futebol. 
B) uma das amigas desconsidera as preferências da outra. 
C) uma das amigas ignora que o outono é temporada de futebol. 
D) uma das amigas desconhece a razão pela qual a outra a maltrata. 
E) as duas amigas atribuem sentidos diferentes à palavra season. 
 
QUESTION 04 
Why am I compelled to write? Because the writing 
saves me from this complacency I fear. Because I have 
no choice. Because I must keep the spirit of my revolt 
and myself alive. Because the world I create in the writing 
compensates for what the real world does not give me. 
By writing I put order in the world, give it a handle so I can 
grasp it. 
ANZALDÚA, G. E. Speaking in tongues: a letter to third world women writers. 
In: HERNANDEZ, J. B. (Ed.). Women writing resistance: essays on 
Latin America and the Caribbean. Boston: South End, 2003. 
 
Gloria Evangelina Anzaldúa, falecida em 2004, foi uma escritora americana de origem mexicana que 
escreveu sobre questões culturais e raciais. Na citação, o intuito da autora é evidenciar as 
A) razões pelas quais ela escreve. 
B) compensações advindas da escrita. 
C) possibilidades de mudar o mundo real. 
D) maneiras de ela lidar com seus medos. 
E) escolhas que ela faz para ordenar o mundo. 
 
 
 
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QUESTION 05 
How fake images change our memory and How fake images change our memory and How fake images change our memory and How fake images change our memory and behaviourbehaviourbehaviourbehaviour 
For decades, researchers have been exploring just how unreliable our own memories are. 
Not only is memory fickle when we access it, but it’s also kit easily subverted and rewritten. 
Combine this susceptibility with modern image-editing software at our fingertips like 
Photoshop, and it’s a recipe for disaster. In a world where we can witness news and world 
events as they unfold, fake images surround us, and our minds accept these pictures as real, 
and remember them later. These fake memories dons’t just distort how we see our past, they 
affect our current and future behaviour too – from what we eat, to how we protest and vote. 
The problem is there’s virtually nothing we can do to stop it. 
Old memories seem to be the easiest to manipulate. In one study, subjects were showed 
images from their childhood. Along with real images, researchers snuck in manipulated 
photographs of the subject taking a hot air balloon ride with his or her family. After seeing 
those images, 50% of subjects recalled some part of that hot-air balloon ride – though the 
event was entirely made up. 
EVELETH, R. Disponível em: www.bbc.com. Acesso em: 16 jan. 2013 (adaptado). 
 
A reportagem apresenta consequências do uso de novas tecnologias para a mente humana. Nesse 
contexto, a memória das pessoas é influenciada pelo(a) 
A) alteração de imagens. 
B) exposição ao mundo virtual. 
C) acesso a novas informações. 
D) fascínio por softwares inovadores. 
E) interferência dos meios de comunicação. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15
ENEM 2016 – PRIMEIRA APLICAÇÃO 
 
QUESTION 01 
Ebony and ivory 
Ebony and ivory live together in perfect harmony 
Side by side on my piano keyboard, oh Lord, why don’t we? 
We all know that people are the same wherever we go 
There is good and bad in ev’ryone, 
We learn to live, we learn to give Each other what we need to survive together alive 
McCARTNEY, P. Disponível em: www.paulmccartney.com. Acesso em: 30 maio 2016. 
 
Em diferentes épocas e lugares, compositores têm utilizado seu espaço de produção musical para 
expressar e problematizar perspectivas de mundo. Paul McCartney, na letra dessa canção, defende 
A) o aprendizado compartilhado. 
B) a necessidade de donativos. 
C) as manifestações culturais. 
D) o bem em relação ao mal. 
E) o respeito étnico. 
 
QUESTION 02 
Italian university switches to English 
By Sean Coughlan, BBC News education correspondente 16 May 2012 Last updated at 09:49 GMT 
Milan is crowded with Italian icons, which makes it even more of a cultural earthquake that one of 
Italy’s leading universities — the Politecnico di Milano — is going to switch to the English language. The 
university has announced that from 2014 most of its degree courses — including all its graduate courses — 
will be taught and assessed entirely in English rather than Italian. The waters of globalisation are rising 
around higher education — and the university believes that if it remains Italian-speaking it risks isolation 
and will be unable to compete as an international institution. “We strongly believe our classes should be 
international classes — and the only way to have international classes is to use the English language”, says 
the university’s rector, Giovanni Azzone. 
COUGHLAN. S. Disponível em: www.bbc.co.uk. Acesso em: 31 jul. 2012. 
 
As línguas têm um papel importante na comunicação entre pessoas de diferentes culturas. Diante do 
movimento de internacionalização no ensino superior, a universidade Politecnico di Milano decidiu 
A) elaborar exames em língua inglesa para o ingresso na universidade. 
B) ampliar a oferta de vagas na graduação para alunos estrangeiros. 
C) investir na divulgação da universidade no mercado internacional. 
D) substituir a língua nacional para se inserir no contexto da globalização. 
E) estabelecer metas para melhorar a qualidade do ensino de italiano. 
 
QUESTION 03 
 
 
16
Orientações à população são encontradas também em Sites oficiais. Ao clicar no endereço eletrônico 
mencionado no cartaz disponível na internet, o leitor tem acesso aos(às) 
A) ações do governo local referentes a calamidades. 
B) relatos de sobreviventes em tragédias marcantes. 
C) tipos de desastres naturais possíveis de acontecer. 
D) informações sobre acidentes ocorridos em Connecticut. 
E) medidas de emergência a serem tomadas em catástrofes. 
 
QUESTION 04 
Frankentissue: printable cell technology 
In November, researchers from the University of Wollongong in Australia announced a new bio-ink 
that is a step toward really printing living human tissue on an inkjet printer. It is like printing tissue dot-by-
dot. A drop of bioink contains 10,000 to 30,000 cells. The focus of much of this research is the eventual 
production of tailored tissues suitable for surgery, like living Band-Aids, which could be printed on the 
inkjet. However, it is still nearly impossible to effectively replicate nature’s ingenious patterns on a home 
office accessory. Consider that the liver is a series of globules, the kidney a set of pyramids. Those kinds of 
structures demand 3D printers that can build them up, layer by layer. At the moment, skin and other flat 
tissuesare most promising for the inkjet. 
Disponível em: http://discovermagazine.com. Acesso em: 02 dez. 2012. 
O texto relata perspectivas no campo da tecnologia para cirurgias em geral, e a mais promissora para este 
momento enfoca o(a) 
A) uso de um produto natural com milhares de células para reparar tecidos humanos. 
B) criação de uma impressora especial para traçar mapas cirúrgicos detalhados. 
C) desenvolvimento de uma tinta para produzir pele e tecidos humanos finos 
D) reprodução de células em 3D para ajudar nas cirurgias de recuperação dos rins. 
E) extração de glóbulos do fígado para serem reproduzidos em laboratório. 
 
QUESTION 05 
BOGOF, is used as a noum as in ‘There are some great bogofs on at the supermarket’ or an 
adjective, usually with a word such as offer or ‘deal — ‘there’ are some great bogof offers in store’. When 
you combine the first letters of the words in a phrase or the name of an organisation, you have an 
acronym. Acronyms are spoken as a word so NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) is not 
pronounced N-A-T-O. We say NATO. Bogof, when said out loud, is quite comical For a native speaker, as 
it sounds like na insult, ‘Bog off’ meaning go away, leave me alone, slightly childish and a little old-
fashioned. BOGOF is the best-known of the supermarket Marketing strategies. The concept was first 
imported from the USA during the 1970s recession, when food prices were very high. It came back into 
fashion in the late 1990s, led by big supermarket chains trying to gain a competitive advantage over each 
other. Consumers were attracted by the idea that they could get something for nothing. Who could 
possibly say ‘no’. 
Disponível em: www.bbc.co.uk. Acesso em: 2 ago. 2012 (adaptado). 
Considerando-se as informações do texto, a expressão ‘bogof’ é usada para 
A) anunciar mercadorias em promoção. 
B) pedir para uma pessoa se retirar. 
C) comprar produtos fora de moda. 
D) indicar recessão na economia. 
E) chamar alguém em voz alta. 
 
 
 
 
17
ENEM 2016 – SEGUNDA APLICAÇÃO 
QUESTION 01 
 
Disponível em: www.colintfisch.com. Acesso em: 30 maio 2016. 
Anúncios publicitários buscam chamar a atenção do consumidor por meio de recursos diversos. Nesse 
pôster, os números indicados correspondem ao(à) 
A) comprimento do cigarro. 
B) tempo de queima do cigarro. 
C) idade de quem começa a fumar. 
D) expectativa de vida de um fumante. 
E) quantidade de cigarros consumidos. 
 
QUESTION 02 
New vaccine could fight nocotine addiction 
Cigarette smokers who are having trouble quitting because of nicotine’s addictive power may some 
day be able to receive a novel antibody-producing vaccine to help them kick the habit. 
The average cigarette contains about 4,000 different chemicals that — when burned and inhaled — 
cause the serious health problems associated with smoking. But it is the nicotine in cigarettes that, like 
other addictive substances, stimulates rewards centers in the brain and hooks smokers to the pleasurable 
but dangerous routine. 
Ronald Crystal, who chairs the department of genetic medicine at Weill-Cornell Medical College in 
New York, where researchers are developing a nicotine vaccine, said the idea is to stimulate the smoker’s 
immune system to produce antibodies or immune proteins to destroy the nicotine molecule before it 
reaches the brain. 
BERMAN, J. Disponível em: www.voanews.com. Acesso em: 2 jul. 2012. 
Muitas pessoas tentam parar de fumar, mas fracassam e sucumbem ao vício. Na tentativa de ajudar os 
fumantes, pesquisadores da Weill-Cornell Medical College estão desenvolvendo uma vacina que 
A) diminua o risco de o fumante se tornar dependente da nicotina. 
B) seja produzida a partir de moléculas de nicotina. 
C) substitua a sensação de prazer oferecida pelo cigarro. 
D) ative a produção de anticorpos para combater a nicotina. 
E) controle os estímulos cerebrais do hábito de fumar. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18
QUESTION 03 
 
Disponível em: http://bruketa-zinic.com. Acesso em: 03 ago. 2012. 
 
A campanha desse pôster, direcionada aos croatas, tem como propósito 
A) alertar os cidadãos sobre a lei em vigor contra a discriminação. 
B) conscientizar sobre as consequências do preconceito na sociedade. 
C) reduzir os prejuízos causados por motoristas alcoolizadas. 
D) fazer uma crítica à falta de habilidade das mulheres ao volante. 
E) evitar os acidentes de trânsito envolvendo mulheres. 
 
QUESTION 04 
 
BANSKY. Disponível em: www.weburbanist.com. Acesso em: 2 ago. 2012. 
 
Bansky é um grafiteiro famoso. Na obra pintada em um muro da cidade de Claremont, Califórnia, em 
2007, ele fez uso de um trocadilho com a palavra “change”, o que caracteriza seu grafite como um 
protesto contra a 
A) escolha da mendicância como forma de vida. 
B) condição de vida das pessoas em miséria. 
C) falta de solidariedade dos mais favorecidos. 
D) marginalização das pessoas desabrigadas. 
E) incapacidade de os mendigos mudarem de vida. 
 
 
 
 
19
QUESTION 05 
Mauritius: gender roles and statuses 
Division of Labor by Gender. The economic success of industry has led to low unemployment 
rates. This has changed the workplace and home life as women joined the workforce. This 
industrialization also led to women being promoted faster. According to the Minister of Women, family 
Welfare, and Child Development, a quarter of all managers are now women. Women are the traditional 
homekeepers of the society. Between 1985 and 1991 the number of women working outside the home 
increased from 22 percent to 41 percent. With that trend continuing, hired housekeeping and child care 
have become relatively new and important industries. 
The Relative Status of Women and Men. Historically, women have had subordinate roles in 
Mauritian society. However, the Constitucion specifically prohibis discrimination based on sex, and 
women now have access to education, employment, and governmental services. 
In March 1998 the Domestic Violence Act was passed. This gave greater protection and legal 
authority to combat domestic abuse. In that same year it also became a crime to abandon one’s family or 
pregnant spouse for more than two months, not to pay food support, or to engage in sexual harassment. 
Women are underrepresented in the government. The National Assembly has seventy seats, of which 
women hold five. 
Disponível em: www.everyculture.com. Acesso em: 04 fev. 2013. 
Questões como o papel de homens e mulheres na sociedade contemporânea vêm sendo debatidas de 
diferentes pontos de vista, influenciados por valores culturais específicos de cada sociedade. No caso das 
Ilhas Maurício, esses valores sustentam a tomada de decisão em torno da 
A) importância do reconhecimento da presença feminina na estrutura familiar. 
B) manutenção da igualdade entre mulheres e homens no trabalho. 
C) proteção legal da mulher contra atos discriminatórios. 
D) representatividade da mulher em cargos políticos. 
E) criação de auxílio à mulher abandonada pelo cônjuge. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20
FCM-MG – 2017 
 
INSTRUCTIONS: Questions 01 to 05 will be based on the text below. Read it carefully and then choose 
the best alternative that answers the questions placed immediately after it. 
Unusual Deal Ensures Ebola Vaccine Supply 
Drugmaker commits to stockpiling 300,000 doses and beginning approval process 
By Erika Check Hayden, Nature magazine on January 20, 2016 
1º § With the Ebola outbreak in west Africa stubbornly hanging on, officials have brokered an agreement 
to ensure that a vaccine is available to fight future occurrences. On 20 January, Gavi, the Vaccine 
Alliance, announced that it has paid US$5 million to Merck, themanufacturer of the first Ebola 
vaccine shown to protect against the virus in a human clinical trial. The deal marks the first time that 
the public-health organization has committed to purchase a vaccine before it has been licensed. 
2º § In return for the payment from Gavi, Merck promises that it will seek to have the vaccine approved 
by a regulatory agency by 2017. The company has also asked permission from the World Health 
Organization (WHO) to use the vaccine if another epidemic arises before the vaccine is licensed, 
and to make a supply of at least 300,000 doses available by May for such use. 
3º § "We wanted to make sure there was vaccine that was prepared and ready to be used if there was a 
potential outbreak," says Seth Berkley, chief executive of Gavi in Geneva, Switzerland. 
4º§ The recurrence of Ebola in Sierra Leone on January 15 — just one day after the WHO had declared 
that spread of the virus had stopped in west Africa — highlights the need for an Ebola vaccine 
stockpile, Berkley says. "It basically says we need to have a supply of vaccine available for potential 
outbreaks going forward, even if we get it completely under control and think we've ended the 
problem," Berkley explains. 
5º § Public-health experts fear that as the west Africa epidemic winds down, there is danger that the 
work of stockpiling, licensing and planning to administer Ebola vaccines will be set aside in favour 
of more pressing—and profitable—pursuits. 
6º § "We are in the most tenuous situation with regard to Ebola vaccines that we've seen since we 
started all of this," says Michael Osterholm, a public-health scientist at the University of Minnesota's 
Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy in Minneapolis. 
7º § A vast store of Ebola vaccines has been manufactured in the past year—approximately 2 million 
doses of three candidate vaccines made by Merck, Johnson & Johnson and GlaxoSmithKline. So far, 
more than 20,000 people have been vaccinated with these products, and thousands more will 
receive them in the coming months. Before the west Africa outbreak, only a handful of people had 
ever received a vaccination against Ebola. The existing supply should, at least in theory, be enough 
to provide crucial protection in a future outbreak for patients, their contacts and health-care 
workers, says Marie-Paule Kieny, assistant director-general for health systems and innovation at the 
WHO in Geneva. 
8º § But in practice, it remains unclear how those vaccines might be delivered during an outbreak. The 
biggest barrier is bureaucratic: none of the three vaccines has been submitted for approval by a 
regulatory body such as the US Food and Drug Administration or the European Medicines Agency. 
Sierra Leone and Guinea have made arrangements with the relevant companies to use the vaccines 
in clinical trials. But if Ebola were to arise elsewhere, negotiating similar agreements in new 
countries could delay the outbreak response. 
9º § Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF; also known as Doctors Without Borders), which administered the 
Merck vaccine trial in west Africa, plans to continue using the vaccines in investigative mode if 
another outbreak occurs. That means spending extra time and money compared with using a 
licensed vaccine — patients in a trial must be informed of the risk of taking an unapproved product, 
and providers must keep strict records of how well the vaccines work and whether they cause side 
effects. And if the vaccine is already known to be effective, this approach might also not be the right 
way to proceed from an ethical standpoint. 
 
21
10º § The Gavi agreement is intended to ease that problem by requiring Merck to seek an 'emergency use 
assessment and listing' permission from the WHO to use the vaccine wherever it is needed without 
having to organize a clinical trial. Gavi says that Merck has already begun those discussions with 
the WHO, and that ultimately it might buy other vaccines if they are approved. 
11º § The deal also addresses a problem facing drug companies: Ebola and other tropical diseases still 
mainly afflict people in poor countries, so there is little financial incentive to produce vaccines 
against them. The funding from Gavi to Merck is an 'advance market commitment —a guarantee 
that Gavi will buy the vaccine once it is approved. "It says the company is not going to be left 
holding the bag," Berkley says. 
This article is reproduced with permission and was first published on January 20, 2016. 
http:// www.scientificamerican.com/article/unusual-deal-ensures-ebola-vaccine-supply/ 
 
QUESTION 01 
According to the text, all the sentences below are correct about Merk in return for the payment from Gavi, 
EXCEPT: 
A) it says that it will seek to have the vaccine approved by a regulatory agency up to 2017. 
B) it has paid a quantity of 5 million dollars to produce the first Ebola vaccine in a human clinical trial. 
C) it has asked permission from the World Health Organization to use the vaccine whether another 
epidemic comes before the vaccine is licensed. 
D) it has asked permission from the World Health Organization to make a supply of at least 300,000 
doses available in case of another epidemic comes before the vaccine is licensed. 
 
QUESTION 02 
Mark the option below which shows the INCORRECT correspondence between the words and the idea 
they represent, according to the text. The words are in bold along the article. 
A) hanging on = waiting for something to happen 
B) winds down = gradually reduces 
C) so far = very distant from here 
D) set aside = call off 
 
QUESTION 03 
The word them in the following sentence "Ebola and other tropical diseases still mainly afflict people in 
poor countries, so there is little financial incentive to produce vaccines against them." (paragraph 11) 
refers to: 
A) Ebola and other tropical diseases 
B) little financial incentive 
C) poor countries 
D) vaccines 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22
QUESTION 04 
According to the text, we CANNOT say that: 
A) officials have arranged the details of an agreement to make sure a vaccine against Ebola is available to 
fight future occurrences 
B) the recurrence of Ebola virus in Sierra Leone on January 15 happened just one day after WHO had 
declared that the spread of Ebola virus had stopped in West Africa 
C) the deal between Vaccine Alliance and Merck can be considered the first time the public-health 
organization has committed to buy a vaccine before it has been licensed 
D) experts believe that as the West Africa epidemic winds down, there is not danger that the work of 
stockpiling, licensing and planning to administer Ebola vaccines will be set aside 
 
QUESTION 05 
We CANNOT say, after reading the text above, that: 
A) to continue using the vaccines in investigative mode if another outbreak occurs means spending extra 
time and money compared with using a licensed one 
B) the deal isn't the first time that Vaccine Alliance has committed to purchase a vaccine before it has 
been licensed 
C) it is still unclear how those vaccines might be delivered during an Ebola outbreak 
D) the deal to ensure Ebola vaccine supply is unusual 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23
 
FUVEST – 2016 
TEXTO PARA AS QUESTÕES 01 E 02 
About half of the world’s population is at risk of contracting dengue, according 
to the World Health Organization. The mosquito is found in tropical and subtropical 
climates around the world; however, dengue does not naturally occur in these 
creatures: the mosquitoes get dengue from us. 
The mechanism of dengue infection is simple. Female mosquitoes bite humans because 
they need the protein found in our bloodto produce eggs. (Male mosquitoes do not bite.) If 
the mosquito bites someone with dengue – and then, after the virus’s roughly eight to 12 day 
replication period, bites someone else – it passes dengue into its next victim’s bloodstream. 
There is no vaccine against dengue, but infecting mosquitoes with a natural bacterium 
called Wolbachia blocks the insects’ ability to pass the disease to humans. The microbe 
spreads among both male and female mosquitoes: infected females lay eggs that harbor the 
bacterium, and when Wolbachia free females mate with infected males, their eggs simply do 
not hatch. Researchers are now releasing Wolbachia infected females into the wild in 
Australia, Vietnam, Indonesia and Brazil. 
Scientific American, June 2015. Adaptado 
 
QUESTION 01 
De acordo com o texto, a infecção por dengue 
A) propaga se quando mosquitos fêmeas picam seres humanos infectados e retransmitem a doença a 
outras pessoas. 
B) é provocada por mosquitos infectados depois do acasalamento. 
C) desenvolve se por meio das fêmeas, que transmitem o vírus para os machos, num círculo vicioso que 
se repete periodicamente. 
D) desenvolve se no corpo humano após doze dias da picada, período de incubação do vírus. 
E) altera a proteína presente no sangue humano que é procurada pelos mosquitos fêmeas. 
 
QUESTION 02 
Segundo o texto, a bactéria Wolbachia, se inoculada nos mosquitos, bloqueia a transmissão da dengue 
porque 
A) torna os machos estéreis. 
B) interfere no período de acasalamento dos mosquitos. 
C) impede a multiplicação do vírus nas fêmeas. 
D) impede a eclosão dos ovos que contêm o vírus. 
E) diminui a quantidade de ovos depositados pelas fêmeas. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24
TEXTO PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 03 A 05 
Working for on demand startups like Uber and TaskRabbit is supposed to offer flexible 
hours and higher wages, but many workers have found the pay lower and the hours less flexible 
than they expected. Even more surprising: 8 percent of those chauffeuring passengers and 16 
percent of those making deliveries said they lack personal auto insurance. 
Those are among the findings from a survey about the work life of independent contractors 
for on demand startups, a booming sector of the tech industry, being released Wednesday. 
“We want to shed light on the industry as a whole,” said Isaac Madan, a Stanford master’s 
candidate in bioinformatics who worked with two other Stanford students and a recent 
alumnus on the survey of 1,330 workers. “People need to understand how this space will change 
and evolve and help the economy.” 
On demand, often called the sharing economy, refers to companies that let users summon 
workers via smartphone apps to handle all manner of services: rides, cleaning, chores, 
deliveries, car parking, waiting in lines. Almost uniformly, those workers are independent 
contractors rather than salaried employees. 
That status is the main point of contention in a recent rash of lawsuits in which workers 
are filing for employee status. While the survey did not directly ask contractors if they would 
prefer to be employees, it found that their top workplace desires were to have paid health 
insurance, retirement benefits and paid time off for holidays, vacation and sick days – all perks 
of full time workers. Respondents also expressed interest in having more chances for 
advancement, education sponsorship, disability insurance and human relations support. 
Because respondents were recruited rather than randomly selected, the survey does not 
claim to be representational but a conclusion one may come to is that flexibility of new jobs 
comes with a cost. Not all workers are prepared for that! 
SFChronicle.com and SFGate.com, May 20, 2015. Adaptado. 
 
QUESTION 03 
Segundo o texto, empresas do tipo “on demand” 
A) têm pouco contato com seus prestadores de serviços, o que dificulta o estabelecimento de planos de 
carreira. 
B) são intermediárias entre usuários e prestadores de serviços acionados por meio de aplicativos. 
C) remuneram abaixo do mercado seus prestadores de serviços. 
D) exigem dos prestadores de serviços um número mínimo de horas trabalhadas por dia. 
E) estão crescendo em número, mas são criticadas pela qualidade de seus serviços. 
 
QUESTION 04 
Um dos resultados da pesquisa realizada com prestadores de serviços de empresas do tipo “on demand” 
mostra que esses trabalhadores 
A) consideram a flexibilidade do horário de trabalho o ponto alto de sua opção profissional. 
B) pagam seus próprios seguros saúde e planos de aposentadoria. 
C) investem no seu aprimoramento profissional para obter melhores ganhos no futuro. 
D) têm a opção de tirar férias quando desejarem, com o apoio das empresas e dos familiares. 
E) desejam ter os mesmos benefícios sociais que trabalhadores assalariados. 
 
 
 
 
 
25
QUESTION 05 
Outro resultado da mesma pesquisa indica que 
A) grande parte dos trabalhadores em empresas “on demand” não pensa em ter um registro formal de 
trabalho. 
B) nem todos os trabalhadores em empresas “on demand” estão preparados para arcar com o custo de 
sua flexibilidade no trabalho. 
C) muitos dos entrevistados que prestam serviços nas empresas “on demand” também têm um trabalho 
formal. 
D) vários dos entrevistados buscam o trabalho “on demand” por conta do status que ele proporciona. 
E) as vantagens de um emprego formal são menores se comparadas com as vantagens envolvidas no 
trabalho “on demand”. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26
FUVEST – 2017 
 
TEXTO PARA AS QUESTÕES DE 01 A 03 
 
 
Plants not only remember when you touch them, but they can also make risky decisions that are as 
sophisticated as those made by humans, all without brains or complex nervous systems. 
Researchers showed that when faced with the choice between a pot containing constant levels of 
nutrients or one with unpredictable levels, a plant will pick the mystery pot when conditions are 
sufficiently poor. 
In a set of experiments, Dr. Shemesh, from Tel-Hai College in Israel, and Alex Kacelnik, from 
Oxford University, grew pea plants and split their roots between two pots. Both pots had the same 
amount of nutrients on average, but in one, the levels were constant; in the other, they varied over time. 
Then the researchers switched the conditions so that the average nutrients in both pots would be equally 
high or low, and asked: Which pot would a plant prefer? 
When nutrient levels were low, the plants laid more roots in the unpredictable pot. But when 
nutrients were abundant, they chose the one that always had the same amount. 
The New York Times, June 30, 2016. Adaptado. 
 
QUESTION 01 
Segundo uma das conclusões dos experimentos relatados no texto, as plantas de ervilha demonstraram 
A) sensibilidade aos gestos humanos agressivos. 
B) ter sistemas nervosos complexos. 
C) graus distintos de tolerância à umidade do solo. 
D) capacidade de escolhas adaptativas conforme o meio. 
E) comportamento previsível no processo de florescimento. 
 
 
QUESTION 02 
Conforme o texto, um dos elementos da metodologia empregada nos experimentos foi 
A) o número de mudas plantadas. 
B) a técnica de divisão de raízes. 
C) a localização dos vasos na estufa. 
D) a escolha da variedade de ervilha. 
E) o espaçamento das sementes nos vasos. 
 
 
 
 
 
27
QUESTION 03 
De acordo com os experimentos relatados no texto, em condições adversas, as plantas de ervilha 
priorizaram o crescimento de raízes nos vasos que apresentaram níveis de nutrientes 
A) abundantes. 
B) estáveis. 
C) básicos. 
D) ideais.E) variáveis. 
 
TEXTO PARA AS QUESTÕES 04 E 05 
A study carried out by Lauren Sherman of the University of California and her colleagues 
investigated how use of the “like” button in social media affects the brains of teenagers lying in body 
scanners. Thirty two teens who had Instagram accounts were asked to lie down in a functional magnetic 
resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. This let Dr. Sherman monitor their brain activity while they were 
perusing both their own Instagram photos and photos that they were told had been added by other 
teenagers in the experiment. In reality, Dr. Sherman had collected all the other photos, which included 
neutral images of food and friends as well as many depicting risky behaviours like drinking, smoking and 
drug use, from other peoples’ Instagram accounts. The researchers told participants they were viewing 
photographs that 50 other teenagers had already seen and endorsed with a “like” in the laboratory. The 
participants were more likely themselves to “like” photos already depicted as having been “liked” a lot 
than they were photos depicted with fewer previous “likes”. When she looked at the fMRI results, Dr. 
Sherman found that activity in the nucleus accumbens, a hub of reward circuitry in the brain, increased 
with the number of “likes” that a photo had. 
The Economist, June 13, 2016. Adaptado. 
 
QUESTION 04 
Segundo o texto, como resultado parcial da pesquisa, observou-se que 
A) fotos com imagens neutras provocaram menor impacto do que as que retratavam comportamento 
perigoso. 
B) os participantes mostraram tendência a “curtir” uma imagem que já havia recebido número 
considerável de “curtidas”. 
C) os adolescentes demonstraram certo desconforto, quando solicitados a avaliar fotos produzidas por 
eles próprios. 
D) as tarefas propostas aos participantes apresentaram limitações, por terem foco exclusivo na rede 
Instagram. 
E) a metodologia adotada no experimento confirmou conclusões de estudos anteriores sobre redes 
sociais. 
 
QUESTION 05 
Conforme o texto, a região do cérebro que se mostrou mais ativa, quando da análise dos resultados da 
ressonância, corresponde a um sistema de 
A) memória recente. 
B) defesa. 
C) recompensa. 
D) repetição. 
E) inibição. 
 
 
 
 
28
PUCMINAS 2016/2 
 
What Disney princesses aren't saying 
Ariel may have lost her voice temporarily, but Disney is in the habit of keeping its princess-type 
stars on the quiet side, at least according to a new study. Since Snow White was released in 1938, 
male characters in Disney princess movies speak, on average, three times more than female 
characters. 
That info comes from linguists Carmen Fought and Karen Eisenhauer, who have been working 
on analyzing Disney movies' dialogues. Eisenhauer, a sociolinguistics graduate student and Fought, a 
linguistics professor, evaluated each Disney princess movie, measuring the respective amounts of 
male and female dialogue as well as the type — a compliment, insult, question or apology. 
So how, in a movie centered on a female princess, do male characters get more lines? "Every 
single bit part is assigned to a man, from the shopkeeper to guard," they say. "It perpetuates that man 
is normal, woman is deviant from that, and that there's only one way to be a woman (the princess) 
while there are all these ways to be a man." More illuminating, says Eisenhauer, is what is being said 
to the princesses. According to the study, much of the dialogue from both male and female characters 
aimed toward the Disney women are compliments – 70% to 80% focused on physical appearance. In 
contrast, the majority of compliments to men focused mainly on skill. 
"Most linguist and discourse analysts agree that language is social and socialized – not just the 
words, but when and how we use them, and media contributes in a powerful way," she says. So, 
when Disney is not writing lines for female characters, young viewers may learn that female speech is 
not valued. 
(FROM: httpl/colleae usatodav conn. Access: 02/02/2016. Adapted.) 
 
QUESTION 01 
A new study on Disney's princess movies showed that 
A) what male characters say is particularly more important to the story. 
B) female characters have less chance to speak than male characters. 
C) most female characters look like Ariel and Snow White. 
D) male characters are important when they are the princes. 
 
QUESTION 02 
What have linguists Fought and Eisenhauer focused their study on? 
A) on the types of male and female dialogue in Disney's movies. 
B) on the amounts of male and female dialogue in Disney's movies. 
C) on the issues discussed by the main characters in Disney's movies. 
D) on the quantities and kinds of male and female dialogue in Disney's movies. 
 
QUESTION 03 
What does the word while in "while there are all these ways to be a man.' (paragraph 3) indicate? 
A) Addition. 
B) Contrast. 
C) Time. 
D) Cause. 
 
 
 
 
 
29
QUESTION 04 
According to the study, the contents of the dialogues in the movies show that 
A) women are usually praised for their beauty. 
B) there aren't many compliments towards men. 
C) men are more celebrated than women. 
D) there is a tendency to highlight men's wealth. 
 
QUESTION 05 
The study concludes that when Disney does not write lines for female characters, they are 
A) contributing to young viewers' good education. 
B) diminishing media influence on children and adults. 
C) emphasizing the unimportance of female speech. 
D) considering that language is social and socialized. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30
PUCMINAS 2017/1 
READ THE FOLLOWING TEXT AND CHOOSE THE OPTION WHICH BEST 
COMPLETES EACH QUESTION, ACCORDING TO THE TEXT: 
Contrary to popular belief, most people do care about the welfare of others. Empathy is a valuable 
impulse that helps humans survive in groups. In Denmark, a nation that has consistently been voted the 
happiest place in the world, children are taught about empathy from a young age both inside and outside 
of school. 
Children in the Danish school system participate in a mandatory national program called Step by 
Step as early as preschool. The children are shown pictures of kids who are each exhibiting a different 
emotion: sadness, fear, anger, happiness, and so on. The students talk about these cards and put into 
words what the child is sensing, learning to conceptualize their own and others’ feelings. They learn 
empathy, problem-solving, and how to read facial expressions. An essential part of the program is that the 
facilitators and children aren’t judgmental of the emotions they see; instead, they simply recognize and 
respect those sentiments. 
Another example of empathy training in Danish schools is in how they subtly mix children of 
different strengths and weaknesses together. Students who are stronger academically are taught alongside 
those who are less strong; quieter kids with more sociable ones; and so on. The goal is for the students to 
see that everyone has positive qualities and to support each other. The math prodigy may be terrible at 
soccer, and vice versa. This system promotes collaboration, teamwork, and respect. 
Perhaps, then, it is no surprise that empathy is one of the most important factors in fostering 
successful leaders, entrepreneurs, and managers. It reduces bullying, increases one’s capacity to forgive, 
and greatly improves relationships and social connectedness. Empathy enhances the quality of meaningful 
relationships, which research suggests is one of the most important factors in a person’s sense of 
wellbeing. Research also suggests that empathetic teenagers tend tobe more successful because they are 
more purpose-driven than their more narcissistic counterparts. Successful people don’t operate alone; 
every human needs the support of others to achieve positive results in his or her life. 
From: http://goo.gl/Vn96DK. Access: 09/08/2016. (Adapted). 
 
QUESTION 01 
According to the text, people tend to believe that human-beings 
A) tend to be very optimistic and understanding. 
B) are not self-centered. 
C) are not interested in other people’s wellbeing. 
D) should be more selfish. 
 
QUESTION 02 
The Danish program called Step by Step is 
A) optional for schools and families in Denmark. 
B) implemented in the universities in Denmark. 
C) used by Danish teachers and parents alike. 
D) compulsory in Danish school system. 
 
QUESTION 03 
What is crucial in Step by Step is the fact that the facilitators and children 
A) are not interested in the emotions they see. 
B) cannot identify the emotions they see. 
C) will not show consideration for the emotions they see. 
D) do not disapprove the emotions they see. 
 
 
 
31
QUESTION 04 
The word those in “those who are less strong” (paragraph 3) refers to 
A) schools. 
B) students. 
C) qualities. 
D) efforts. 
 
QUESTION 05 
According to research, one of the main factors in a person’s sense of wellbeing is 
A) having meaningful relationships. 
B) being a successful entrepreneur. 
C) being wealthy and well-known. 
D) having friends who are great leaders 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32
 
UEMG-2017 
 
ENGLISH TEST 
How a young student’s innovative idea hopes to boost response times for EMTs 
By Woody Brown on June 1, 2015. 
Drones have been at the forefront of the national conversation for years now. As the components 
needed to create them grow smaller and more affordable, many companies and organizations have started 
exploring the potential that drones could have to improve our daily lives. Whether by delivering a product 
with unprecedented speed or taking photographs and video from new heights, drones have many 
capabilities, most of which we have yet to discover. One young man, however, has envisioned a new way 
to use drones that could save thousands of lives. 
One of the greatest obstacles facing first responders and emergency medical technicians [EMTs] 
when it comes to the difficult business of saving lives is time. Think of your daily commute: people in the 
United States spend an average of 25.5 minutes traveling one-way to work every day. In bumper-to- 
bumper traffic, blaring sirens and flashing lights are often not enough to clear a fast path for an ambulance 
to reach someone in need. During cardiac arrest, there are, at most, a few minutes to save a person’s life. 
After that, the mortality rate rises steeply. With stakes this high, every second counts. 
Alec Momont, a graduate student in engineering at Delft University of Technology in the 
Netherlands, recognized this problem and saw a way to significantly reduce deaths that result from 
delayed emergency care. What if ambulances could fly? Or rather, what if we could make a drone that 
functioned like a stripped-down, lightweight automatic external defibrillator [AED]? AEDs, which can be 
found in schools, sports arenas and many government buildings, are significantly more effective than 
cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR] at preventing fatalities resulting from cardiac arrest. CPR can be 
helpful, but an AED is better, and very few people have AEDs in their cars or homes. 
As his master’s degree project, Momont built a prototype of this lifesaving drone. It contained an 
AED, a microphone and speakers. The average travel time, according to him, could be cut by 90 percent. 
Here’s how it works: In the event of cardiac arrest, a paramedic would respond to a call by flying the 
drone at a speed of 60 mph to the scene of the emergency. The paramedic would then give instructions to 
someone near the victim, who would position the AED. Once in place, the AED would operate 
automatically. The paramedic would be able to see through the câmera whether or not the pads on the 
AED have been correctly positioned, and how the victim responds. 
A dramatized video released by Momont’s university demonstrates all of this functionality. In it, a 
young woman calls emergency services in a panic because her father has had a heart attack. A calm-
voiced EMT answers and guides her through the surprisingly simple process of finding and using the 
drone. Fewer than two minutes after she makes the call, her father sits up and hugs her. 
The ambulance drone can increase the chances of surviving cardiac arrest from eight percent to 80 
percent, Momont says in the video. The drone’s ability to travel as the crow flies frees it from 
infrastructural limitations that currently impede road-bound ambulances. “Using advanced production 
techniques such as 3D printed microstructures and carbon fiber frame construction, we were able to 
achieve a very lightweight design,” Momont says. “The result is an integrated solution that is clear in its 
orientation and friendly in appearance.” 
Momont’s aim is to rapidly expand the existing framework of emergency services by constructing 
many of these drones over the next five years. Expenses are low: each drone is relatively cheap to make, 
about $18,600. By comparison, a typical ambulance costs more than $100,000, and a ride in one usually 
costs more than $1,000. 
The ambulance drones can even fly autonomously (though legislation in many countries does not 
permit this yet). Several emergency servisse providers have already expressed interest. If the technology 
continues to receive financial support from other parties in the healthcare industry, Momont’s dream 
could very easily become a reality. 
 
33
We live in a world where drones have, so far, been used mostly in armed conflict. Momont, 
however, has a different vision. In the near future that he describes, tens of thousands of needless deaths 
will be prevented with his ingenious invention. That is certainly welcome news, especially in the United 
States, which deals with skyrocketing numbers of heart-related ailments and disabilities. “Let’s use drones 
for a good purpose,” Momont says. “Let us use drones to save lives.” 
Adapted from: <http://www.verizonwireless.com/news/article/2015/05/ambulance-dronescould- 
save-thousands-of-lives.html>. Access on: 03 Oct. 2016 
 
QUESTION 01 
The word which is used as a modifier in the correspondent paragraphs is 
A) taking (paragraph 1). 
B) blaring (paragraph 2). 
C) finding (paragraph 5). 
D) exploring (paragraph 1). 
 
QUESTION 02 
Mark T (true) and F (false) for the correlations between pronouns and their 
referents in the text. 
A) ( ) it (paragraph 5) – video. 
B) ( ) who (paragraph 4) – victim. 
C) ( ) them (paragraph 1) – drones. 
D) ( ) which (paragraph 1) – capabilities. 
 
The correct sequence is 
A) F, T, F, T. 
B) T, T, F, T. 
C) T, F, T, T. 
D) T, F, F, F. 
 
QUESTION 03 
The word that functions as an adjective in the text is 
a) steeply (paragraph 2). 
b) friendly (paragraph 6). 
c) significantly (paragraph 3). 
d) autonomously (paragraph 8). 
 
QUESTION 04 
The use of CAN in paragraphs 3 and 6 reveals the idea of 
A) request. 
B) conclusion. 
C) possibility. 
D) permission. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
34
QUESTION 05 
The main purpose of this text is to 
A) present a technological device used in armed conflicts. 
B) convince readers to do a master’s degree course abroad. 
C) denounce the illegal flights of drones in many countries. 
D) inform about the possible use of dronesin emergency care. 
 
QUESTION 06 
The following statements are based on the information presented in the text: 
I- Life-saving drones are more economically viable than ordinary ambulances. 
II- As ambulance drones are lightweight, they can fly autonomously. 
III- Drones reach an average speed of 60mph, because their frame is made of carbon fiber. 
IV- Once drones are able to travel as the crow flies, they can escape from the traffic jams and arrive fast 
at the emergency scene. 
 
The correct statements are 
A) I and IV. 
B) II and III. 
C) I, II and III. 
D) I, II and IV. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
35
 
UNICAMP 2016 
QUESTION 01 
A tira tematiza a contribuição da atividade humana para a deterioração do meio ambiente. Do diálogo 
apresentado, pode-se depreender que os ursos já sabiam 
 
(Fonte: <http://www.caglecartoons.com/viewimage.asp?ID={15E52E8D-3CE2-4DF6-B331-D109F2DD2BBC}.) 
A) do aumento do pH dos mares e acabam de constatar o abaixamento do nível dos mares. 
B) da diminuição do pH dos mares e acabam de constatar o aumento do nível dos mares. 
C) do aumento do nível dos mares e acabam de constatar o abaixamento do pH dos mares. 
D) da diminuição do nível dos mares e acabam de constatar o aumento do pH dos mares. 
QUESTION 02 
"If you believe in freedom of speech, you believe in freedom of speech for views you 
don’t like. Goebbels was in favor of freedom of speech for views he liked. So was Stalin. If 
you’re in favor of freedom of speech, that means you’re in favor of freedom of speech 
precisely for views you despise." 
(Noam Chomsky) 
(Fonte: http://noam-chomsky.tumblr.com/post/7223808896/if-youbelieve-in-freedom-of-speech-you-believe.) 
 
O autor do texto 
A) despreza os que restringem a liberdade de expressão. 
B) critica os excessos da liberdade de expressão. 
C) critica a falta de liberdade de expressão. 
D) defende a liberdade de expressão sem restrições. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
36
QUESTION 03 
 
(Disponível em: <http://www.gocomics.com/calvinandhobbes/>. Acesso em: 08 ago. 2015.) 
Na tirinha, Calvin dá dicas sobre como 
A) derrotar o adversário em um jogo de futebol. 
B) vencer o interlocutor em uma discussão. 
C) derrotar o adversário na olimpíada de inglês. 
D) ser um bom comunicador. 
 
QUESTION 04 
 
O texto anuncia um 
A) curso on-line e presencial que oferece uma metodologia para ajudar a definir quais alimentos 
deverão ser consumidos no futuro. 
B) curso on-line que oferece uma metodologia para minimizar riscos no consumo de alimentos no 
futuro. 
C) curso on-line e presencial que oferece uma metodologia para construção de cenários futuros sobre 
consumo de alimentos. 
D) curso presencial que oferece uma metodologia para ajudar as pessoas a comerem melhor no futuro. 
 
37
Para as questões 05 e 06, leia o texto abaixo. 
Advice for new students from those who know (old students)Advice for new students from those who know (old students)Advice for new students from those who know (old students)Advice for new students from those who know (old students) 
The first day of college I was a ball of nerves. I remember walking into my first class 
and running to the first seat I found, thinking everyone would be staring at me. But nobody 
seemed to notice and then it hit me: The fact that nobody knew me meant nobody would 
judge, which, upon reflection, was what I was scared of the most. I told myself to let go. All 
along the year, I forced myself into situations that were uncomfortable for me – for example, 
auditioning for a dance piece. Believe it or not, that performance was a highlight of my 
freshman year. My advice: challenge yourself to try something new, something you couldn’t 
have done in high school. – Ria Jagasia, Vanderbilt University, ’18. 
(Adaptado de: <http://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/02/ education/edlife/advice-for-new-students-from-those-who-know-old-students.html?ref=edlife>.) 
 
QUESTION 05 
No primeiro dia de faculdade, Ria ficou muito nervosa 
A) por não conhecer ninguém. 
B) por achar que seria julgada pelos colegas. 
C) porque ninguém olhou para ela. 
D) porque não sabia dançar. 
 
QUESTION 06 
Para lidar com a situação, a estratégia adotada foi deixar de se preocupar e 
A) fazer coisas que nunca fez antes. 
B) fazer novos amigos. 
C) fazer um curso de dança como ouvinte. 
D) abandonar o curso. 
 
QUESTION 07 
If apes go extinct, so could entire forestsIf apes go extinct, so could entire forestsIf apes go extinct, so could entire forestsIf apes go extinct, so could entire forests 
Bonobos eat a lot of fruit, and fruit contains seeds. 
Those seeds travel through a bonobo’s digestive system while bonobo itself travels 
around the forest. A few hours later, the seeds end up being deposited far from where the 
fruits were plucked. And that is where the new trees come from. 
According to a paper recently published, if the bonobos disappeared, the plants would 
also likely go extinct, for many trees and plants species in Congo rely almost exclusively on 
bonobos for seed dispersal. 
The bonobo has two major functions here. First of all, many seeds will not germinate 
well unless they have been “handled” by another species. Stomach acids and intestinal 
processes make the seed more able to absorb water and later sprout. 
Secondly, many seeds will not succeed if they remain too close to their parental trees. 
The seeds that fell to the ground near their parents did not survive because they were 
choked off by the nearby plants. The bonobos eat about 3,5 hours every day and travel a 
mean of 1.2 kilometers from meal sites before defecating. 
(Adaptado de http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/extinction-countdown/if-apes-go-extinct-so-could-entire-forests/.) 
 
 
 
38
Qual é a explicação para o título? 
A) Os bonobos se alimentam de plantas e suas fezes ajudam a adubar florestas. Como andam grandes 
distâncias, espalham esse adubo pela floresta. 
B) Os bonobos vivem em árvores e suas fezes, que contêm fungicidas naturais, protegem as árvores dos 
fungos. Como andam grandes distâncias, podem proteger florestas inteiras. 
C) Os bonobos se alimentam de frutas com sementes. Seu sistema digestivo prepara as sementes para a 
germinação. Como andam grandes distâncias, suas fezes ajudam a espalhar as sementes pela floresta. 
D) Os bonobos vivem em árvores e se alimentam de folhas, que se transformam em fungicidas naturais 
aos serem digeridas. Quando liberados pelas fezes, esses fungicidas protegem as florestas. 
 
Para as questões 08 e 09, leia o texto abaixo. 
We’ve modified ourWe’ve modified ourWe’ve modified ourWe’ve modified our behavior so we can text and walkbehavior so we can text and walkbehavior so we can text and walkbehavior so we can text and walk 
Texting – or checking social media or reading/responding to mail or reading the news or 
checking the weather or watching a video – while walking is a pretty common phenomenon. It’s 
so common that most people who own a mobile device have become texting walkers. 
Research suggests that these texters adopt protective measures to minimize the risk 
of accidents when walking. 
They’re less likely to trip because they shorten their step length, reduce step 
frequency, lengthen the time during which both feet are in contact with the ground, and 
increase obstacle clearance height. Taken together this creates an exaggerated image of 
walking, but it apparently slows the walker enough so that he registers some of what is 
happening around him and can compensate for it. 
(Adaptado de: <http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/anthropology-inpractice/we-ve-modified-our-behavior-so-we-can-text-and-walk/.>)QUESTION 08 
Segundo o texto, “Texting walkers” são pessoas que 
A) caminham longas distâncias e usam o celular para registrar essas distâncias. 
B) escrevem ou leem mensagens, ou veem vídeos no celular enquanto caminham. 
C) testam o celular como dispositivo para caminhadas longas. 
D) tropeçam e caem quando usam o celular enquanto caminham. 
 
QUESTION 09 
Que mudanças no comportamento dessas pessoas são decorrentes da adaptação à tecnologia apresentada 
no texto? 
A) Elas diminuem a extensão e a frequência dos passos, aumentando o tempo em que os dois pés ficam 
em contato com o chão; calculam melhor a altura dos obstáculos no percurso. 
B) Elas aumentam a extensão dos passos e diminuem sua frequência, para que os dois pés fiquem mais 
tempo em contato com o chão. 
C) Antes de iniciar a caminhada, elas registram, no celular, a extensão do trajeto, a frequência dos 
passos e o tempo em que os dois pés ficam em contato com o chão. 
D) Antes de iniciar a caminhada, elas registram, no celular, a extensão e a altura dos obstáculos do 
percurso, a frequência dos passos e o tempo em que os dois pés ficam em contato com o chão. 
 
 
39
UNICAMP 2017 
QUESTION 01 
 
 
A tirinha ironiza uma suposta característica dos ingleses: 
A) o apreço pela história das invasões bárbaras. 
B) a admiração pela família real. 
C) o valor que atribuem aos seus jardins. 
D) o cuidado com a preservação de seus edifícios históricos. 
 
QUESTION 02 
The Birth of My Kitchen-Table Fiction 
By Haruki Murakami 
Most people – most of us who are part of Japanese society – graduate 
from school, then find work, then, after some time has passed, get married. 
Even I originally intended to follow that pattern. Yet in reality I married, then 
started working, then finally managed to graduate. In other words, the order I 
chose was the exact opposite to what was considered normal. 
Since I hated the idea of working for a company, I decided to open my 
own establishment, a place where people could go to listen to jazz records, 
have a coffee, eat snacks and drink. It was a simple, rather happy-go-lucky 
kind of idea: running a business like that would let me relax listening to my 
favorite music from morning till night. 
(Adaptado de H. Murakami, Wind and Pimbal – Two Novels. Tradução do japonês para oinglês de Ted Goossen. 
London: Penguin Random House, 2015, p. 5. 
 
O autor do texto 
A) fez o que era normal para os jovens japoneses na época, abrindo uma loja de discos. 
B) fez o que era normal para os jovens japoneses, mas em uma ordem totalmente diferente. 
C) queria viver feliz ouvindo música o dia todo, sem trabalhar. 
D) queria ganhar dinheiro trabalhando só com música e viver feliz. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
40
QUESTION 03 
 
(Disponível em: http://www.collegehumor.com/post/6833315/the-small-talkthermometer. 
Acessado em: 21/08/2016.) 
 
Considerando o nome da figura - “The Small Talk Thermometer” -, pode-se depreender que a expressão 
“small talk” se refere a 
A) conversas casuais ou amenas, para estabelecer contato ou quebrar o gelo. 
B) conversas entre cientistas sobre mudanças climáticas. 
C) conversas entre meteorologistas sobre o tempo. 
D) conversas entre pessoas que não conseguem chegar a um consenso. 
 
QUESTION 04 
Ranking Universities by ‘Greenness’ 
Universities these days are working hard to improve their sustainability credentials, with efforts that 
include wind power, organic food and competitions to save energy. They are also adding courses related 
to sustainability and energy. But which university is the greenest? 
Several ranking systems have emerged to offer their take. The Princeton Review recently came out 
with its second annual green ratings. Fifteen colleges earned the highest possible score — including 
Harvard, Yale and the University of California, Berkeley. 
Another group, the Sustainable Endowment Institute’s GreenReportCard.org, rates colleges on several 
diferente areas of green compliance, such as recycling, student involvement and green building. Its top 
grade for overall excellence, an A-, was earned by 15 schools. 
(Adaptado de http://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/08/20/ranking-universities-bygreenness/?_ 
r=0. Acessado em 31/08/2016.) 
Conforme o texto, universidades norte-americanas estão se empenhando para 
A) oferecer mais cursos sobre ecologia. 
B) melhorar sua posição em um ranking que define as instituições mais “verdes”. 
C) oferecer os melhores cursos sobre preservação ambiental. 
D) participar de uma competição que define os campi com maior área verde. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
41
QUESTION 05 
 
Why Everyone Should Read Harry Potter 
September 9, 2014 
Harry Potter is the best selling book series of all time. But it’s had its reproaches. Various Christian 
groups claimed the books promoted paganism and witchcraft to children. Washington Post book critic 
Ron Charles called the fact that adults were also hooked on Potter a "bad case of cultural infantilism.” 
Charles and others also cited a certain artistic banality in massively commercial story-telling, while others 
criticized Hogwarts, the wizardry academy attended by Potter, for only rewarding innate talents. 
The Anglo-American writer Christopher Hitchens, on the other hand, praised J. K. Rowling for freeing 
English children’s literature from dreams of riches and class and snobbery and giving us a world of 
youthful democracy and diversity. A growing body of evidence suggests that reading Rowling’s work, at 
least as a youth, might be a good thing. 
(Adaptado de http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-everyone-shouldread- 
harry-potter/. Acessado em 02/09/2016.) 
 
A leitura do excerto permite concluir adequadamente que: 
A) A série Harry Potter é aprovada por críticos literários e grupos religiosos com base nos mesmos 
argumentos. 
B) As qualidades literárias de Harry Potter justificam seu sucesso entre os adultos. 
C) A abordagem educacional de Hogwarts recompensa as habilidades desenvolvidas por meio do 
esforço pessoal. 
D) Para os personagens da série Harry Potter, o sonho de ascendência social e poder financeiro é pouco 
relevante. 
 
QUESTION 06 
 
 
(Disponível em http://neahealthyfutures.org/the-importance-of-teen-pregnancyprevention/. 
Acessado em 04/09/2016.) 
 
Depreende-se das informações da figura que 
A) 38% das jovens engravidam antes dos 18 anos. 
B) 38% das jovens concluem o ensino médio aos 22 anos. 
C) a gravidez na adolescência interfere na vida escolar das jovens. 
D) a gravidez após os 18 anos interfere na vida escolar das jovens. 
 
 
 
 
42
QUESTION 07 
 
Roman documents discovered 
We often think that the best information from the Roman world comes from Egypt, where the dryness 
preserves papyri. However, in Britain the reverse conditions occur. At Vindolanda – a Roman fort located 
two miles behind Hadrian’s Wall – the humidity preserved wooden writing tablets that were thrown into 
a bonfire when the fort was evacuated in CE 105. 
These wooden tablets were one of the most importante discoveries made in Roman Britain in the 
20th century. They were used not for grand writings but for memoranda and accounts, so they provide the 
best insight into life in the Roman army found anywhere in the world. One of the tablets says: 
Octavius to Candidus: “I need money. I have bought 5,000 bushels of grain, and unless you send me 
some money, I shall lose my deposit and be embarrassed”. 
(Adaptado de http://www.archaeology.co.uk/specials/the-timeline-ofbritain/vindolanda-2.htm. 
Acessado em: 28/08/2016.) 
 
Os documentos descobertos em Vindolanda 
A) são papiros preservados pelo clima seco da região em que foram encontrados. 
B) contêm informações sobre a evacuação