Questionário de Biologia Celular

Prévia do material em texto

Qual a principal diferença entre células procariontes e eucariontes?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cite 4 características de células eucariontes?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Qual a relação da água com a estatura do indivíduo?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Por que a água é essencial a vida?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Qual a classificação macrocelular das enzimas?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Quais as moléculas em comum que constituem o glicogênio e a celulose?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As células vegetais são capazes de armazenar moléculas importantes que são fonte de energia. Essas moléculas são carboidratos chamados de: _______________________________________________________________________
Qual a macromolécula mais utilizada para a produção de energia?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Por que o vírus é um parasita intracelular obrigatório?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que é imunossupressão? Por que devem ocorrer em pacientes que recebem transplante de órgãos?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Cite 3 eventos fisiológicos onde ocorre reação do organismo contra agentes invasores.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Qual a classificação dos carboidratos?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Cite as funções das proteínas.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que é DNA? E o RNA?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cite 3 diferenças entre DNA e RNA.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Um DNA com 600 nucleotídeos possui 40% destes de Guanina. Quantos sãos de Timina?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Nas células eucariontes temos DNA e RNA. Onde é o predomínio de cada um?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Construa uma cadeia de DNA com 6 pares de nucleotídeos. Faça a duplicação e a transcrição genética.
Conceitue transcrição e tradução genética.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Qual a organela é envolvida na síntese de carboidratos? E na de lipídios? 
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Qual a função e classificação dos lipídios?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que são anabolizantes?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Cite 3 hormônios esteroides e suas respectivas funções.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Qual a reserva energética animal e vegetal respectivamente?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Qual a constituição macromolecular da membrana plasmática?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que é fagocitose? Cite 3 eventos biológicos onde isso ocorre.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que é glicocálise? Cite sua função e quais organelas responsáveis pela sua formação?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Qual a constituição macrocelular da membrana celular?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________O que é permeabilidade seletiva?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Cite os tipos de transporte de membranas e dê 3 características de cada.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Correlacione a ação de anestésicos com transporte de membrana. Quais os tipos de transporte envolvido?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Correlacione osmose com elevação da pressão sanguínea.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Correlacione hematose com difusão simples.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Cite 3 exemplos de proteínas de membrana e sua aplicação na biologia.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que é citossol?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que é citoesqueleto? Cite sua constituição e sua respectiva função.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________ 
_______________________________________________________________________
Onde encontram-se as microvilosidades? Qual a função? 
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Cite 5 organelas citoplasmáticas e suas respectivas funções.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que é capuz acrossônico? Quais as organelas envolvidas na sua formação?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
O que é lisossomo? Quais as organelas envolvidas na sua formação?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Qual a constituição do núcleo?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que é cromatina?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Cite as etapas do processo de mitose e sua respectiva característica.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Cite as etapas do processo de meiose e sua respectiva caraterística.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Como ocorre a síndrome de down na visão da genética?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que é criopreservação? Quais são suas vantagens?
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Quanto tempo depois de congelado o sêmen ou embrião pode ser utilizado? Por quê?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que são células tronco? Qual a sua importância?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que são células totipotentes? E pluripotentes?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Quais são as fontes de células tronco no organismo?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Quem é responsável pela desintoxicação celular? 
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Qual a importância da bomba de sódio e potássio na transmissão do impulsonervoso?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
O que são genes dominantes? Cite exemplos. E genes recessivo?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que é um gene autossômico? 
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que é pinocitose? Cite 3 características.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Quais as etapas da espermatogênese? E ovilogênese? 
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que é e como ocorre a clonagem?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
O que é transgênese? Quais as vantagens?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Conceitue 1ª e 2ª lei de Mendel.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Um indivíduo possui o genótipo (Aa) para olhos escuros. Ele casou com uma mulher de olhos claros (aa). Qual a probabilidade de seus filhos nascerem de olhos claros?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 
Avalie o heredograma para a cor da pele. Quais os genótipos de A, B , C e D?
 - Mulher de pele clara
 
 Aa A - Homem de pele escura
 
 - Mulher de pele escura 
 B C aa D