LÍNGUA INGLESA II -ATIVIDADE 03

Prévia do material em texto

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Protocolo de Finalização Nº 000011746272
O aluno RANI MARY FIGUEIRA COSTA com RA 1980931-5 
finalizou a atividade ATIVIDADE 3 - HLET - LÍNGUA INGLESA II - 2019A1
em 17/04/2019 21:08:46
ATIVIDADE 3 - HLET - LÍNGUA INGLESA II - 2019A1
Período:08/04/2019 08:00 a 21/04/2019 23:59 (Horário de Brasília)
Status:ENCERRADO
Nota máxima:0,50 Nota obtida: 0,50
1ª QUESTÃO
Analise a oração “We will be affected by the crisis” e, considerando a norma padrão-culta da Língua Inglesa,
assinale a alternativa correta.
RESPOSTA:A oração está escrita na voz passiva e will be indica o tempo verbal futuro.
2ª QUESTÃO
O uso adequado da voz passiva é bastante comum em gêneros acadêmicos, nos quais é necessário, muitas
vezes, um tom mais impessoal. O texto abaixo é um abstract de um artigo científico, no qual há a recorrência
de uso da voz passiva. Leia-o e faça a atividade que segue.
 
 
Due to high temperatures in arid regions, cotton crop emergence and early establishment of seedlings are
adversely affected. Field studies were undertaken to quantify the effects of transplantation of cotton
(Gossypium hirsutum L.) seedlings during the early part of the growing season (March) and crop season
(May) for potential realization of cotton productivity under the harsh weather of the southern part of Punjab
province, Pakistan. Treatments, consisting of (a) two planting dates (March and May), and (b) two sowing
methods (transplanting of seedlings and direct seeding), were arranged in a randomized complete-block
design with four replications. Results showed that transplanting seedlings improved the productivity of
cotton by 14.2% over direct seeding. Productivity was also increased substantially (34.8%) by planting during
March over May sowing. The practice of planting cotton by transplanting seedlings and early sowing could
be successfully adapted in areas where high temperatures coincide with the May planting and peak
blooming periods in different cotton growing areas.
 
Sendo assim, analise as assertivas a seguir:
 
I. Há o uso de voz passive no trecho: Field studies were undertaken to quantify the effects of transplantation of
cotton.
II. Em Treatments (…) were arranged in a randomized complete-block design a voz passiva encontra-se no
Past Simple Tense.
III. O sujeito da construção Productivity was also increased substantially pode ser traduzido como “(a)
produtividade foi substancialmente aumentada”; o verbo principal, nesta construção, está na voz passiva.
IV. Em The practice of planting cotton (...) could be successfully adapted um verbo modal é utilizado na
composição da voz passiva.
 
É correto o que se afirma em:
RESPOSTA: I, II, III e IV.
3ª QUESTÃO
, p y g p g y gBiological Sciences. V. 40, 2018. Disponível em: <http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciBiolSci/article/view/34610>. Acesso em 20 jul. 2018.
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Nas condicionais (conditionals), normalmente, utilizamos o termo if para indicar uma condição para que
alguma ação ou evento aconteça. São quatro as condicionais principais: zero, first, second e third
conditionals. Avalie as construções e assinale a alternativa que contenha a explicação correta.
RESPOSTA: If I don't sleep well, I feel grumpy está na zero conditional.
4ª QUESTÃO
REFORMATION ANNIVERSARY
On October 31, 2017, Martin Luther’s recorded posting of the 95 theses on the door of the Wittenberger
church castle celebrates its 500th anniversary. While celebrations in earlier centuries were kept national and
confessional, the upcoming anniversary of the Revolution ought to be shaped by openness, freedom and
ecumenism. In 2017 we aren’t just celebrating 500 years of the Reformation, but we are also reminded of the
role the Reformation played in the development of the modern age. Therefore, the impulses that had effects
even reaching into our modern age will gain center stage. What started in Wittenberg in the 16th century
changed Germany, Europe and the whole world. 
That’s why the anniversary in 2017 is going to be celebrated as a global community from Tierra del Fuego to
Finland, from South Korea to North America, in contrast to all the Luther and Reformation anniversaries
before. International projects, such as traveling exhibitions and choirs, the corporation of charities and
pastorates abroad, international congresses and tourism and much more bear witness to the worldwide
dimensions of this anniversary. 
 
In relation to the text, consider the following statements:
I) It could have been posted on a website of an organization that is planning events to celebrate the 500
anniversary of Lutheran Reformation.
II) The Reformation was important for the development of the modern age.
III) Despite of its importance, the 500 anniversary of the Reformation will only be celebrated in small
communities of Tierra del Fuego, Finland, South Korea and North America.
IV) The effects of Luther’s action of posting his 95 theses has changed the whole world.
V) Celebrations of the 500 anniversary of the reformation include international projects, like traveling
exhibitions and choirs, for example.
 
It is only correct what is stated on:
RESPOSTA: I, II, IV and V.
5ª QUESTÃO
O texto a seguir traz o relato de uma pessoa que teve alguns itens roubados de sua casa por uma de suas
funcionárias. Após a leitura do texto, responda ao exercício de acordo com as informações nele contidas e
com seus conhecimentos acerca da Língua Inglesa.
 
Disponível em: <https://www.luther2017.de/en/2017/reformation-anniversary/.> Acesso em 31 mar. 2017(adaptado).
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When an employee steals from you
 
This week I learned that a trusted employee has been stealing from me. For about a year.
 
I learned this from her roommate, who also happens to be an employee of mine. The roommate let me
know that there had been theft in their house and red flags went off in my head immediately.
 
In addition to teaching, this trusted employee had been working at my house, helping with my children.
After hearing the report from her roommate, I began to wonder about all of the things I thought I had “lost”
over the past year.
 
I emailed the employee and told her we needed to talk about the things that were missing from my house.
She responded immediately and came over within the hour. She confessed that she had been stealing from
my house for over a year. She had taken clothes, household items, books, etc. Whatever she thought I
wouldn’t miss. That day she returned most of what she had taken since Christmas. The rest she had already
sold, pawned or given away.
 
I was shocked and yet not totally surprised. In the last year, this employee had needed a series of pay
advances, had requested extra hours working at my house, had dropped out of school, and left several of
her other jobs. Despite the warning signs, I hung onto her because she still did a nice job with students, she
had been a student here since childhood, I had given her a $1,000 college scholarship, and I believed she
would pull it together.
 
Her betrayal left me with some decisions to make:
First, there were practical considerations. She can no longer come to my home. She will finish up the last few
weeks of the season with no pay (…) She will no longer be able to use me as a reference (…) She will replace
or pay me for what has not been returned.
 
Then there are matters of the heart. I have chosen to forgive her. Her sister told me she didn’t understand
how I could forgive her after she had stolen so much from me.
 
My answer is as follows:
“My philosophy is to run as hard and fast to the place I am going to end up anyway. I will eventually forgive
her, so I might as well do it now. The space between insult and forgiveness is called bitterness and that’s a
placeI don’t want to live.”
Perhaps you have been through something similar, or maybe even worse. If so, my heart goes out to you
and I hope you will be able to forgive as well.
  
 
Avalie as assertivas a seguir e assinale a alternativa correta:
 
I. A pessoa que fez o relato não conseguiu perdoar a funcionária que a roubou.
II. A pessoa que fez o relato conseguiu reaver todos os itens que a funcionária havia roubado, conforme
pode ser constatado no trecho That day she returned most of what she had taken since Christmas. The rest
she had already sold, pawned or given away.  
III. Na construção this trusted employee had been working at my house é utilizado um tempo verbal que
descreve um evento que iniciou em um determinado momento do passado e que continuou acontecendo
até um outro momento do passado, este segundo mais recente em relação ao momento em que a ação
iniciou.
IV. No trecho She confessed that she had been stealing from my house for over a year o uso do tempo verbal
Present Perfect Continuous permite o reconhecimento do fato de que a funcionária começou a roubar itens
da casa da pessoa que fez o relato em algum momento do passado, e, que no momento presente, a
situação de roubo continua ocorrendo.
 
É correto o que se afirma em:
RESPOSTA: III, apenas.
Disponível em: <http://morethanjustgreatdancing.com/employee-steals-from-you/>. Acesso em 18 jul.2018.
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6ª QUESTÃO
O texto a seguir aborda o aumento da diabetes tipo 2 entre crianças e jovens. Um dos motivos para esse
aumento é o grande número de crianças acima do peso, fato que, por sua vez, está associado ao modo de
produção e comercialização de alimentos industrializados. Em termos linguísticos, no texto é recorrente o
uso de adverbs (advérbios). Sendo assim, faça a leitura, prestando especial atenção ao uso deles.
 
Cases of type 2 diabetes among young people rise 41% in three years
Leap brings calls for ministers to act to prevent so many children getting grossly obese
 
Growing numbers of children and young people are developing type 2 diabetes, a disease usually seen in
those aged over 40, in the latest sign of worsening childhood obesity.
 
 
The number of people aged up to 25 with the condition in England and Wales increased from 507 in 2013-
14 to 715 in 2016-17 – a 41% rise.
 
The sharp rise has prompted concern among doctors and led to renewed calls for tougher government
action to tackle the relentless increase in the number of dangerously overweight youngsters.
 
“Type 2 diabetes is a disaster for the child and their family and for the NHS,” said Graham MacGregor, a
professor of cardiovascular health at Queen Mary University of London who is also the chair of the
campaign group Action on Sugar.
 
“If a child gets type 2 diabetes, it’s condemning them to a lot of complications of that condition, such as
blindness, amputations and kidney disease,” he said.
 
“These figures are a sign that we are in a crisis and that the government doesn’t seem to be taking action, or
not enough and not quickly enough.”
 
The figures have been collected by pediatric diabetes units at hospitals across England and Wales and
collated by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH).
 
“Type 2 diabetes typically develops in adults over the age of 40, so – while still rare in children – it is
extremely worrying that we are seeing more young people develop the condition,” said Izzi Seccombe, the
chair of the community wellbeing board at the Local Government Association (LGA), which obtained the
figures from the RCPCH.
 
Type 2 diabetes is closely associated with being very overweight. Almost four in five (79%) of the 715
children suffering from it were also obese, the NHS data revealed.
 
The figures show that people from some ethnic minorities are much more likely than others to develop type
2 diabetes. Almost half of the 715 young people were black or Asian.
 
“Much more needs to be done to reach out to black and ethnic minority groups over the disease,” said the
LGA, which represents 370 councils across England and Wales.
 
The figures come soon after it emerged that 22,000 children aged 10 and 11 in England are severely obese
because their body mass index (BMI) is at least 40.
 
For adults, a BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 means someone has a healthy weight; 25 to 29.9 denotes they are
overweight; 30 to 39.9 means someone is obese; and 40 or above signifies severe obesity.
 
“The rise in type 2 diabetes in young children highlights why bold measures are needed to tackle childhood
obesity – and change won’t happen overnight”, said Eustace de Sousa of Public Health England (PHE).
 
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It has asked food manufacturers to cut the amount of sugar in their products by 20% by 2020. However,
firms have reduced the sugar content by just 2% in the first year of the initiative, well below the 5% target
PHE set. It is also helping to plan a series of “healthy towns” and is running healthy eating campaigns.
 
Ministers recently announced measures intended to halve childhood obesity by 2030, including:
 
- Demanding calorie labelling on menus in cafes, takeaways and restaurants. 
- Banning the sale of caffeine-filled energy drinks to under-16s. 
- Stopping supermarkets displaying treat foods near checkouts or including them in money-off offers.
 
But much firmer action is needed, said MacGregor. “Appeals to people to eat more healthily won’t be
enough. We need to ban the marketing and advertising of unhealthy foods altogether, not just limit it, as
ministers are considering.
 
“We should also extend the sugary drinks tax to confectionery and set a target of reducing the sugar in
products by 50%, far more than the 20% PHE is proposing,” he added.
 
Seccombe, a Conservative member of Warwickshire county council, criticised government cuts to councils’
public health budgets as “short-sighted” given the scale of the obesity epidemic.
 
A spokesperson for the Department of Health and Social Care said: “We know the damage obesity causes
and are determined to halve childhood obesity by 2030.
 
“We’ve invested billions in public health services and have already removed the equivalent of 45m kilograms
of sugar from soft drinks every year.
 
“Our new childhood obesity plan will now get children exercising more in schools and reduce their exposure
to sugary and fatty foods.”
 
 
 
Avalie as assertivas a seguir e assinale a alternativa correta:
 
I. No trecho These figures are a sign that we are in a crisis and that the government doesn’t seem to be taking
action, or not enough and not quickly enough há um advérbio de modo que indica velocidade.
II. Em Type 2 diabetes is closely associated with being very overweight há um advérbio de modo. Aqui, se
afirma que a diabetes tipo dois é aproximadamente duas vezes mais comum em pessoas que estão acima
do peso.
III. Na construção Growing numbers of children and young people are developing type 2 diabetes, a disease
usually seen in those aged over 40 é utilizado um advérbio de frequência; afirma-se, aqui, que números
crescentes de crianças e jovens estão desenvolvendo diabetes tipo 2, uma doença usualmente vista em
pessoas acima de 40 anos.
IV. No excerto The sharp rise has prompted concern among doctors and led to renewed calls for tougher
government action to tackle the relentless increase in the number of dangerously overweight youngsters há um
advérbio de modo que é derivado de um adjetivo. Esse adjetivo, por sua vez, pode ser traduzido como
“perigoso
 
É correto o que se afirma em:
RESPOSTA: I, III e IV, apenas.
7ª QUESTÃO
Disponível em: < https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/aug/18/cases-of-type-2-diabetes-among-young-people-rise-41-in-three-years>. Acesso em 17 jul. 2018.
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Os textos a seguir são excertos de contosdo livro The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, de Arthur Conan
Doyle. Eles foram selecionados de acordo com a presença dos chamados modal verbs (verbos modais), que
podem adicionar um significado a mais aos verbos que acompanham -  ordem, conselho, habilidade,
probabilidade, etc. Para que possamos compreender o significado de um modal verb em dada construção,
precisamos saber não apenas o significado isolado do modal em si, mas também o contexto em que ele é
apresentado. Leia os textos a seguir, prestando especial atenção aos modal verbs e seus significados.
 
Texto 1
“Tut! tut!” cried Sherlock Holmes. “You must act, man, or you are lost. Nothing but energy can save you. This
is no time for despair.”
 
Texto 2
Now, I’ll state the case clearly and concisely to you, Watson, and maybe you can see a spark where all is dark
to me.”
 
Texto 3
“I think that I mentioned to you that the doctor kept a cheetah and a baboon. We had no feeling of security
unless our doors were locked.”
“Quite so. Pray proceed with your statement.”
“I could not sleep that night. A vague feeling of impending misfortune impressed me. My sister and I, you
will recollect, were twins, and you know how subtle are the links which bind two souls which are so closely
allied.
 
Texto 4
“Good heavens! I thought it was Wednesday. It is Wednesday. What d’you want to frighten a chap for?” He
sank his face onto his arms and began to sob in a high treble key.
“I tell you that it is Friday, man. Your wife has been waiting this two days for you. You should be ashamed of
yourself!”
 
 
A partir da leitura dos textos, avalie as afirmações a seguir como (V) para verdadeiras e (F) para falsas.
 
I. No Texto 1, são utilizados os modais must e can. No contexto apresentado, eles indicam, respectivamente,
proibição e polidez ao se fazer um pedido.
II. No Texto 2, o modal can é utilizado para indicar um aconselhamento – possivelmente, o personagem
Holmes está dando um conselho a seu amigo e ajudante Watson.
III. No Texto 3, o modal na forma negativa could not indica incapacidade de a personagem fazer algo em um
momento passado.
IV. No Texto 4, o modal should é utilizado para indicar uma baixa probabilidade de algo ocorrer no futuro.
 
As afirmações I, II, III e IV são, respectivamente:
RESPOSTA:F, F, V, F.
8ª QUESTÃO
De acordo com o que estudamos na disciplina de Língua Inglesa II e suas respectivas aulas conceituais, bem
como nossas aulas ao vivo. Pautando-se nesse estudo, assinale a oração que está redigida na First
Conditional (Primeira Condicional) da Língua Inglesa.
RESPOSTA: If he borrows my book, he won't give it back to me.
9ª QUESTÃO
DOYLE, A. C. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. United Kigdom: George Newness, 1892. Disponível em:< https://www.gutenberg.org/files/1661/1661-h/1661-h.htm>. Acesso em: 21 jul. 2018.
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Acerca do Reported Speech (Discurso indireto) da Língua Inglesa, considerando a norma padrão-culta da
língua, faça a leitura dos enunciados e assinale a alternativa correta.
I – No discurso indireto, utiliza-se would  para o que foi originalmente dito com will.
II – No discurso indireto, utiliza-se could  para o que foi originalmente dito com can.
III – No discurso indireto, utiliza-se might  para o que foi originalmente dito com may.
IV – No discurso indireto, utiliza-se are para o que foi originalmente dito com were.
RESPOSTA:Somente I, II e III estão corretas.
10ª QUESTÃO
As palavras some, any, no e seus derivados (somebody, anything, nothing, etc.) exercem a função de pronome
indefinido na Língua Inglesa. Seu sentido pode ser assim descrito:
Some = algum, alguma, alguns, algumas, um pouco.
Any = algum, alguma, alguns, algumas, nenhum, nenhuma, qualquer.
No = nenhum, nenhuma.
 
Porém, é preciso compreender o entorno linguístico e o contexto (extra-)textual para que possamos definir,
de fato, qual é o significado de cada pronome dentro das construções em Língua Inglesa. Sendo assim, leia
o texto a seguir, atentando para os possíveis sentidos dos pronomes indefinidos nele utilizados. Depois,
avalie as informações que seguem.
 
Big Brother is watching … but is anyone watching Big Brother?
The latest series of the reality-TV show has to contend not only with diminishing numbers of viewers, but also
rumours of a reduced run. Soon it will literally be 15 minutes of fame
 
     It’s not screamingly apparent when contestants divide their time with such diligence between the two
other compulsory Bs of BB – brawling and bonking – but this year there is something rather quaint about Big
Brother. In the 2000s it became synonymous with easy and quick fame, but fame changed. In an era when a
melodramatic salt-sprinkler can hit 7.2 million Instagram followers off the back of a 35-second video, Big
Brother seems neither easy nor even particularly quick – winners struggle to make a name for themselves,
and you still need to give up most of your summer to follow them.
     Earlier this year, Celebrity Big Brother kicked off to its lowest-ever viewing figures and shedded a fifth of
its audience on night one. Viewing figures for BB are now so small and the show’s contestants so lacking in
visibility that popular culture is experiencing its first real-life exploration of the mind experiment I like to call
Schrödinger’s Twats.
     Naturally, Channel 5 doesn’t have any better ideas, so the show trundles on with a return to screens due
on 5 June, but the good news is that while it won’t propel its winner to semi-fame as quickly as an Instagram
video of some Saxa being chucked about, the road to victory could be slightly shorter this year, with reports
suggesting the show will be reduced to a 40-day run. This, Digital Spy notes, is down on 2016’s run of 50
episodes, which was down on 66 in 2015 and 72 in 2014.
     At this rate, by 2020 Big Brother will be one week-long. The following year, it will be rebranded as Little
Brother and take place over the course of 24 hours, its companion show actually having more screentime
and therefore being revamped as Little Brother’s Big Brother. In 2025, it will be on air for a Warholian 15
minutes, providing contestants with the task of punching someone, saying something racist
and masturbating, all in less than a quarter of an hour.
     Finally, in 2029, the famous sliding doors, through which so many hopefuls have passed down the years,
will be replaced by a motorised revolving door that ejects entrants at such velocity that they are launched
high into Elstree’s night sky, their precise trajectory defined by factors such as tightness of trouser
and voluminousness of hair. Some will land in a seat directly opposite presenter Emma Willis, others in a
nearby field. The most aerodynamic will finally come to rest in front of a contract to endorse, on social
media, a new range of protein powder for £350 per tweet. The ultimate prize, for the final Big Brother
winner.
Disponível em: <encurtador.com.br/iopy6>. Acesso em: 14 set. 2017. 
 
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I. No título, “Big Brother is watching … but is anyone watching Big Brother?”, o uso de anyone justifica-se
pelo fato de a construção ser uma pergunta. A palavra poderia ser traduzida como “alguém”.
II. O uso de any  em “Naturally, Channel 5 doesn’t have any better ideas” enfatiza um elogio ao Canal 5
(Channel 5); o termo poderia ser traduzido como “muitas”, pois o trecho informa que o canal tem ótimas
ideias.
III. No trecho “this year there is something rather quaint about Big Brother”, o uso de something é explicado
pelo fato de se tratar de uma frase afirmativa. O termo poderia ser traduzido como “algo”, ou, ainda, como
“alguma coisa”.
IV. No excerto “Some will land in a seat directly opposite presenter Emma Willis, others in a nearby field”, a
palavra some significa “alguns”, no sentido de “algumas pessoas”.
Assinale a alternativa correta:RESPOSTA:Somente I, III e IV estão corretas.