FTLI 05

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FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Aula 5- Análise Comparativa entre o Inglês e o 
Português do Brasil
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Conteúdo Programático desta aula
 Articles
 Passive Voice
 The Gerund and the Infinitive
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Articles
The uses of the definite article in English and BrP are very
similar: in both languages, as a rule, it refers to a specific
situation, as opposed to the indefinite article, which is
used to refer to more general situations. We can draw a
very simple comparative chart between the two articles
and their forms in the two languages:
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Definite and Indefinite Articles
Article English BrP
Definite the o, a, os, as
Indefinite a / an um, uma, uns, 
umas
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Nouns heading sentences
In more practical terms, however, one has to be very 
careful with the use of articles when translating texts into 
BrP for, unlike English, nouns cannot head sentences. Thus, 
for example: Time flies would be translated O tempo voa.
The use of the definite article as the head of a sentence 
(which is not used in English) has to be present in BrP and 
has to agree with the noun both in gender and number. 
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Generic nouns also need special attention 
• The definite article is not used with plural countable 
nouns in English but have to be present when the 
sentence is translated into BrP: It’s fantastic what 
teachers can do./ É fantástico o que os professores 
podem fazer. 
• The definite article is not used with uncountable nouns 
in English but have to be present when the sentence is 
translated into BrP: Love can change everything. O amor 
O amor pode mudar tudo.
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Generic nouns also need special attention
There are certain nouns that can refer to either a 
place/object or to an activity: She goes to bed very late 
(activity)/ Hey, Joey, don’t jump on the bed (object). In 
English, when the noun refers to the activity, the definite 
article should not be used. In the translation, the definite 
article is used in both cases (Ela vai para a cama muito 
tarde/ Ei, Joey, não pule na cama). 
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Object / Place X ActivityObject /Place Activity
The school was too 
sophisticated
The lunch was fantastic
The breakfast was served at
8 am
The church is veru peaceful
Helen is at church
I never take a shower after
breakfast
Kate went to school for 
many weeks
Kim is in class
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
A or AN
The indefinite articles are used only with singular nouns. A
is used before consonant sounds while an is used before 
vowel sounds. When translating from English into BrP, 
attention has to be paid to the agreement between the 
article and the noun as they must agree in gender: 
She bough a nice house next to mine/ Ela comprou uma
bela casa perto da minha,
Janet is going look for a job next week./ Janet vai procurar 
um emprego na semana que vem.
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
A or AN
The differentiation between a/an does not affect the
translation of the sentence in BrP but special attention
must be paid to the use of uncountable nouns, which are
considered singular in English and must be preceded by a
determiner, usually some, as it represents an indefinite
quantity. This, however, does not affect the translation into
BrP:
Can you bring me some money when you go to the bank?/
Você pode me trazer algum dinheiro quando for ao banco?
I need to drink some water before going to bed./ Eu preciso
beber um pouco de água antes de deitar.
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
PASSIVE VOICE
The formation and basic use of the passive voice in English
and BrP are basically the same, being its use preferred when
the speaker wants to emphasise the person who suffers the
action rather than the one who performs it. As a rule of
thumb, the use of the passive voice should be kept in the
translation if it is to keep the author’s original message.
However, it would be advisable to evaluate the
appropriateness of its use, as the use of the passive voice
tends to make the text sound more formal.
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
PASSIVE VOICE
Avocado is eaten without sugar in Brazil.
A literal translation would be No Brasil, abacate é comido
com açúcar. Depending on the context this sentence would
be feasible, however, in a more informal context the active
voice would sound more natural: O Brasileiro come
abacate com açúcar.
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
PASSIVE VOICE
In BrP there is a distinction between two types of passive
voice: the “analítica” and the “sintética”, which does not
occur in English. The two types would correspond to the
following examples:
In English, this difference is not considered. Analyse the
following sentence and the way in which the passive voice
was employed:
It is said that money corrupts people. (Diz-se/ É dito que o
dinheiro corrompe as pessoas.)
It was reported that the man was killed cold blood.
(Relata-se que o homem foi assassinado a sangue frio.)
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
The Gerund and the Infinitive
The gerund and the infinitive are two verb forms used in both
English and BrP and their uses are quite different in both
languages. Let’s start examining the English language: the
infinitive is the form of the verb preceded by to (to visit, to
study, etc). If the verb is not followed by to it is called the
bare infinitive (or, as some prefer, the infinitive without to).
The gerund is the verb form in which the verb is followed by
the ing (visiting, studying). In English some verbs may be
followed by the gerund and some others by the infinitive.
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
The Gerund - substantive 
• Reading is my favourite passtime
• Traveling is knowing a whole new world
• The falling of the rain
• Dad did not object to my brother’s smoking
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
The gerund - verb
• We love playing board games
• The girls started telling jokes
• She spoke of having been ill last year
• He objected to being called bossy
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Verbs followed by the infinitive
agree
aim
appear
arrange
ask 
attempt
be able
beg
begin
care 
choose
condescend
consent
continue
dare
decide deserve
detest
dislike
expect
fail
forget 
get 
hurry
intend
leap
leave
like 
long
love
mean neglect offer
ought
plan
hope happen have
hesitate 
prefer
prepare
proceed
remember
promise propose
say
shoot
start
stop
strive
swear
threaten
try
use
wait
refuse 
want
wish
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Verbs followedby the gerund
advise
appreciate
avoid
can't help
complete
consider delay
deny
detest
dislike
enjoy
escape
excuse finish
forbid
get through
have
imagine
mind
miss permit
postpone
practice
quit
recall
report
resent resist
resume
risk
spend (time)
suggest
tolerate
waste (time)
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Verbs followed by the gerund or the infinitive
Without change in 
meaning
begin
continue
hate
like
love
neglect
prefer
start
try
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
With change in the meaning
forget
remember
stop
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Gerund or infinitive?
•Mary continues..........Geography ( to teach )
•John stopped..........last year ( to smoke )
•I appreciate.........to you ( to appreciate )
•Please, do not hesitate........me in case of doubt ( to 
contact )
Análise comparativa entre o Inglês e o Português do Brasil – Aula 5
FUNDAMENTOS DA TRADUÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
The end
We learned...
 Articles
 Passive Voice
 The Gerund and the Infinitive
MODELO DE MOLDURA PARA 
IMAGEM COM ORIENTAÇÃO 
VERTICAL