Literatura Norte-Americana Formação - SIMULADO AV1 ESTÁCIO

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Benjamin Franklin embodied the American ideal of the ¿self-made man¿. Choose the option that correctly explains why the latter sentence
holds true:
Because he worked in literature as well as in politics.
Because he accepted the risks of becoming an inventor.
Because he wrote about the daily lives of American people.
 Because he succeeded through his determination and industry.
Because he used his influence to discuss the problems of his time.
Respondido em 22/11/2022 11:55:29
 
 
Explicação:
Franklin is seen as a self-made man because he personifies the American ideal of someone who is born poor and, through his hard work,
determination, and efforts, achieves success. The correct answer is thus: "Because he succeeded through his determination and industry".
 
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Anne Bradstreet is considered by many the first female poet in the English language. Choose the option that contains a common theme in
her poetry:
 the depiction of a personal and domestic lifestyle.
 the criticism of the role of women in Puritan society.
the insignificance of man before the majesty of nature.
the representation of marriage without love.
the rejection of popular Renaissance values.
Respondido em 22/11/2022 12:03:09
 
 
Explicação:
Anne Bradstreet¿s poems are divided into two categories. The first one, the more metaphysical type brings scholarly references and cosmic
themes. The second one has a more domestic style and narrates family life and portrays her personal feelings towards the Puritan community.
Among the options above, the only correct one is: "the depiction of a personal and domestic lifestyle".
 
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Walter Scott's historical novels feature Waverley as their iconic character. Fenimore Cooper would have his Waverley as well: Natty Bumppo,
also known as Leatherstocking. A feature of the protagonist of the Leatherstocking Tales is his:
rejection of Native American culture.
journey to the South of the United States.
 admiration for American civilized manners.
sharp criticism of American values.
 strong connection to the American landscape.
Respondido em 22/11/2022 12:06:06
 
 
Explicação:
Answer: strong connection to the American landscape.
Feeback: Natty Bumppo, or Leatherstocking, the protagonist of Cooper's Leatherstocking Tales, is characterized by the way that his actions are
related to and shaped by the vast landscapes of the American territory, especially those of the West of the country. He, therefore, shows a
strong connection to the American landscape.
 
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In 1619, the first group of African people arrived in the American territory to work as slaves. In 1860, the African American population of the
United States - almost all slaves, responsible for almost all the agriculture of the country - reached nearly four million people. The
transatlantic slave trade was characterized by:
the use of paid African American labor in the South.
the opposition of European leaders to treating people as property.
the presence of black workers in Northern factories.
 commercial deals involving the trade of people and goods.
laws which prohibited the mistreatment of black workers.
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Respondido em 22/11/2022 12:06:49
 
 
Explicação:
Answer: commercial deals involving the trade of people and goods.
Feedback: The transatlantic slave trade was based on a triangular system in which the same ships that carried people from Africa, sold to the
Americas, and were used for the transportation of goods, either agricultural or manufactured.
 
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Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman paved the way for American modernism. Bearing this information in mind, choose the alternative that
best compares and contrasts their production:
Their production diverges, since only Whitman knew how to occupy the page.
Their production is akin, as both were poets of silence.
Their production is akin, as both were poets of public discourse.
Their production diverges, since Whitman was the poet of silence, whereas Dickinson was the poet of public discourse.
 Their production diverges, since Whitman was the poet of public discourse, whereas Dickinson was the poet of silence.
Respondido em 22/11/2022 12:08:02
 
 
Explicação:
Answer: Their production diverges, since Whitman was the poet of public discourse, whereas Dickinson was the poet of silence.
Feedback: Whitman was a poet of the public discourse, who used of the oral tradition of the collective, whereas Dickinson was the poet of
silence, who converted the lack of a powerful social voice into written poetry. Dickinson, as well as her American women compatriots, knew that
if they were being excluded from the pulpit and from the public discussions, they were also being excluded from the political decisions of her
times. Therefore, the correct option is: "Their production diverges, since Whitman was the poet of public discourse, whereas Dickinson was the
poet of silence."
 
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(...) [Henry Wadsworth] Longfellow set sail in 1826 for Europe, on what was to be a veritable voyage of exploration for himself and for
romantic America. Within three years he visited Spain, France, Italy, and Germany, learned their languages, and began to familiarize himself
with their literatures. Once back in America, he gave himself with the zeal of a missionary to the task of interpreting to New England its
heritage of European romance. (TAYLOR, 1947, p. 189)
Retrieved from: TAYLOR, Walter Fuller. A History of American Letters. New York: American Book Company, 1947.
 
According to Walter Taylor, Longfellow was very interested in educating America about its European past. That is because...
 ... he believed his duty to the United States, as a university man, was to educate and "improve the cultural tastes" of the common
people by means of poetry.
... he believed his duty to his country was to stay out of university, deeming it uninteresting as America¿s epicenter of knowledge.
... he believed that Europe was not an interesting heritage for the United States he wished to build, because it set standards of
nationalism which did not match American reality.
... he believed that Europe was the center of the world and there was no good in trying to pretend that the United States would ever
be as culturally rich.
... he believed that Europe was supposed to be the primitive past for America¿s new present, inferring that the U.S. would rise above
all other countries in Europe and beyond.
Respondido em 22/11/2022 12:10:16
 
 
Explicação:
Answer: ... he believed his duty to the United States, as a university man, was to educate and "improve the cultural tastes" of the common
people by means of poetry.
Feedback: Significantly, Lowell, Holmes and Longfellow were all poets who came from the university. At that time in the history of the United
States, the university was largely focused on creating useful and proper citizens for its nation - in a way it was an authenticator for men who
aimed to learn how to be citizens contributing to their recently independent nation. After leaving university, then, men like Lowell, Holmes and
Longfellow felt as their duty to teach their nation¿s people about the values and morals of an educated citizen. The correct answer is then: "he
believed his duty to the United States, as a university man, was to educate and ¿improve the cultural tastes¿ of the common people by means
of poetry".
 
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Melville's first novel, Typee: A Peep at Polynesian Life (1846), was a success. To which genre is it associated?
 travel narrative
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short story
play
romance
long poem
Respondido em 22/11/2022 12:11:28
 
 
Explicação:
This first novel is considered a classic in travel and adventure literature. It is based on Melville's own experiences at the sea. It is a work written
in prose and its genre is a novel because ofthe conventions and length of this genre. 
 
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Poe is, certainly, best remembered for his gothic tales of psychological terror. In "The Black Cat", one of his most famous stories, the mood is
set by means of repetition of certain words. The narrator explains that he used to have a good nature and love animals, but __________
transformed him into an evil person.
 
Choose the alternative that best completes the paragraph below
marriage
irritability
 alcohol
pets
guilt
Respondido em 22/11/2022 12:12:45
 
 
Explicação:
The narrator explains that alcohol made him grow moody, irritable, insensitive, and violent. Irritability is a consequence of his alcoholism.
Marriage was a happy event, and his wife also loved animals. He feels the guilt when he does evil things; which is not the cause of his change,
but one of the consequences of his addiction. Pets do not change him; they are victims of his perverseness. 
 
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In Chapter 31 of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain builds a revealing scene of the contradictions carried by the main character of
his novel, which, in a way, reflects the conflicts inherent to the social, political and cultural transformations that the country was undergoing
in that period. Huck writes a letter to Miss Watson due to the guilt he felt for helping Jim escape, but he then tears it up when he thinks
about his friend.
 
The scene in question is considered one of the most emblematic of North American literature, as it exposes:
 The questioning of institutions that justify and sustain slavery and racism.
The problems of an agrarian society that has difficulty in modernizing itself.
The escape from reality that presents itself through the representation of literate culture.
The religious guilt of a society that understands each individual¿s role in its development.
The facing of the economic problems that arise with the arrival of war.
Respondido em 22/11/2022 12:13:29
 
 
Explicação:
Mark Twain, despite having been born and raised in the southern United States, refused to fight for slavery when the Civil War came. The
character Huckleberry Finn, in addition to being the representation of one of the socially discredited layers, is also an effort to reflect on the
moral and social conflicts in face of the issue of slavery and freedom for the black population. The letter is a symbol of the privileged culture,
but because it can be torn, it can be modified.
 
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"The Turn of the Screw has been to critics a chameleon text, taking on a coloring that lets it blend in with almost any way of reading it.
Depending on who is reading it, the story can be a gothic tale in the tradition of Poe, a romantic tale in the tradition of Hawthorne, or a
realistic tale in the tradition of Howells. It can be a Freudian tale of sexual repression, an allegory of good and evil, a detective story about
murder and deception, a call for better treatment of children, or a reflection of hidden truths about its author. It can demonstrate its author's
knowledge of scientific research on ghosts, his rejection of that knowledge, his accord with the social structures of his time or his rejection of
those structures. It can be read as a Marxist statement, a feminist statement, or a homosexual statement."
Adapted from: BEIDLER, Peter G. About This Volume. In: JAMES, Henry. The Turn of the Crew. Ed. Peter G. Beidler. Boston, MA: Bedford
Books of St. Martin¿s Press, 1995, viii.
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This feature present in Henry James' book demonstrates that:
Realism is one of the main aesthetic movements of the period and the only one capable of discussing its transformations.
The discussion of the main themes being addressed at the time of a novel's publication was only possible through its narrative.
Modernist literature is just a continuation of the issues raised by the realist perception of the late 19th century.
 The aesthetic complexity of modern narrative reflects the transformations from the turn of the 19th to the 20th century.
The author was interested in writing a narrative that involved all the themes present in his time.
Respondido em 22/11/2022 12:15:17
 
 
Explicação:
Henry James' book brings together, like few others, not only a great technical mastery of the main aesthetic and narrative resources, but also a
series of relations with the main aspects of society, which was intensely transformed at the turn of the 19th to the 20th century. These changes
and their complex boundaries are reflected in modern literature, strongly represented by Henry James.