INGLÊS - Connectors

Prévia do material em texto

CONNECTORS
Prof. Eduardo Folks
Presenting
Addition
“And”
  BESIDES / FURTHERMORE
MOREOVER / IN ADDITION TO
WHAT´S MORE / BEYOND THAT
“Além disso”; “Além do mais” 
Swimming alone is against the rules. Moreover, it's dangerous. 
She always arrives on time. Furthermore, her work is always excellent.
 
Buying cigarettes has become more and more expensive. Besides, smoking is linked with heart disease and strokes.
Besides its famous cakes, the bakery also makes delicious bread and cookies.
BESIDE = NEXT TO
Come and sit here beside me.
Our school was built right next to a bank.
 
The job requires a college degree. In addition, at least a year of experience is expected.
These detergents are environmentally friendly. What's more, they're relatively cheap.
The device is easy to operate. Beyond that, it allows that the diver talks to an operator in the surface to switch information.
(CESGRANRIO) The sentence in which the boldfaced expression introduces an idea of addition is
 
a) “Although it might be tempting ignore those emails…” (lines 10-11)
b) “And while doing projects to the best of your ability is something you should strive to do,” (lines 29-31)
c) “Instead of waiting for your supervisor to come to you,” (lines 42-43)
d) “Yet, when you’re unsure how to complete a task,” (lines 62-63)
e) “Furthermore, you might also want to inquire about how your success will be measured…” (lines 66-67)
(CESGRANRIO) The sentence in which the boldfaced expression introduces an idea of addition is
 
a) “Although it might be tempting ignore those emails…” (lines 10-11)
b) “And while doing projects to the best of your ability is something you should strive to do,” (lines 29-31)
c) “Instead of waiting for your supervisor to come to you,” (lines 42-43)
d) “Yet, when you’re unsure how to complete a task,” (lines 62-63)
e) “Furthermore, you might also want to inquire about how your success will be measured…” (lines 66-67)
In the fragment “Moreover, it is hard to call this measure drastic or radical”, moreover can be substituted by
 
a) instead.
b) besides.
c) however.
d) therefore.
e) on the other hand.
In the fragment “Moreover, it is hard to call this measure drastic or radical”, moreover can be substituted by
 
a) instead.
b) besides.
c) however.
d) therefore.
e) on the other hand.
TOO = AS WELL
“Too” e “as well” são usados no final das orações afirmativas ou interrogativas.
Laurie is an engineer. She has worked as a waitress, too/as well.
Has she worked as a waitress, too/as well?
Steve not only plays the guitar. He sings too/as well.
 Does he sing too/as well?
ALSO 
“Also” é usado antes do verbo principal ou depois do primeiro verbo auxiliar de orações afirmativas.
Sue is a journalist. She has also worked as a waitress.
Mike not only plays the piano. He also sings.
Nina runs a catering company. Also, she plans parties. 
(more emphatic)
 AS WELL AS = AND ALSO
 We offer electronic toys as well as rent out video games.
A new enterprise in a new land would require much capital and also credit.
We have a responsibility to our community as well as to our families.
 EITHER (também)
“Either” é usado no final de orações negativas. (NOT / NEVER)
She doesn't like blues. She's not fond of jazz either.
Ed doesn't want to eat. He doesn't want to drink anything either.
Laurie rarely cooks. She never eats out either.
* EITHER (cada um;a/qualquer um;a) – em orações afirmativas.
I like both books. I’d be happy with EITHER.
There’s a rest area on EITHER side of the road.
LIKEWISE / SIMILARLY
IN THE SAME WAY
(do mesmo modo, igualmente)
We put up a fence, and other neighbors did likewise.
Just water these plants twice a week, and likewise the ones in the bedroom.
- You’re always welcome at our house.
-‘Likewise.’
 
PRESENTING 
PURPOSE
IN ORDER TO (THAT) - SO AS TO (THAT) - TO 
Ed came home early in order to see the children before they went to bed. 
Ed came home early in order that he could see the children before they went to bed. 
IN ORDER TO (THAT) - SO AS TO (THAT) - TO 
I drive at a steady 50 mph so as to save fuel.
I drive at a steady 50 mph so as that I save fuel.
(CESGRANRIO) The boldfaced marker is synonymous with the expression in parentheses in
 a) “In order to sustain the needs of an ever globalized world,” - lines 9-10. (So as to)
b) “Nonetheless, geological limitations will disrupt this improbable scenario.” - lines 11-12. (Moreover)
c) “Nevertheless, this methodology is dangerously defective on several key points…” - lines 20-21. (Consequently)
d) “Therefore, relying on the R/P ratio gives a false impression of security…” - lines 35-36. (Yet)
e) “Moreover, OPEC countries continue to present their reserves as flat…” - lines 56-57. (However)
(CESGRANRIO) The boldfaced marker is synonymous with the expression in parentheses in
 a) “In order to sustain the needs of an ever globalized world,” - lines 9-10. (So as to)
b) “Nonetheless, geological limitations will disrupt this improbable scenario.” - lines 11-12. (Moreover)
c) “Nevertheless, this methodology is dangerously defective on several key points…” - lines 20-21. (Consequently)
d) “Therefore, relying on the R/P ratio gives a false impression of security…” - lines 35-36. (Yet)
e) “Moreover, OPEC countries continue to present their reserves as flat…” - lines 56-57. (However)
 PRESENTING
CAUSE / REASON
 BECAUSE - FOR - AS – SINCE – INASMUCH AS
(porque, já que)
Since they haven't replied to the invitation, I presume that they're not coming.
Inasmuch as funding is not available, building plans have been delayed.
I almost missed my flight because there was a long queue in the duty-free shop.
Chasing the Sasquatch through the forests, never catching it, of course, for it is a legend.
 
 
As it was getting late, I decided to book into a hotel.
You can go first as you're the oldest.
* AS (while or when)
I saw him as I was coming into the building.
 As the two men were leaving, a message arrived.
* AS (function)
I worked as a waiter when I was a student.
A sarong is essential holiday gear. It can be used as a beach towel, wrap, dress or scarf and will take up no space in the bag.
DUE TO = BECAUSE OF 
AS A RESULT OF = OWING TO (devido a)
 She has been absent from work due to illness.
The concert has been called off owing to lack of interest.
PRESENTING
CONSEQUENCE / RESULT “so”
 SO / THEN
She was ill so she went to see a doctor.
If 2x = 8, then x = 4.
Then (at a particular time in the past)
 I wish I had known then what I know now.
Then (what happens next or what you do next)
Heat some olive oil in a pan, then add some chopped garlic and some salt.
He opened the door, then the lights came on and everybody shouted, ‘Happy Birthday’.
 THUS = THEREFORE = HENCE = CONSEQUENTLY = ERGO (Assim; Portanto; Desta forma)
 
Most of the evidence was destroyed in the fire. Thus, it would be almost impossible to prove him guilty.
 
It was clear Lucy was unhappy. Therefore, it comes as no surprise she has decided to resign.
The cost of transport is a major expense for an industry. Hence, factory location is an important consideration.
 The products are poorly constructed. Ergo, they break easily.
HENCE = TO COME = FROM NOW
Several years hence.
 Five months hence
 AS A RESULT / AS A CONSEQUENCE / ACCORDINGLY
It was delayed and accordingly it arrived late.
The company is doing well. Accordingly, they raised our employees' pay.
As a result of the accident, he was out of work for three months.
(CESGRANRIO) In “Thus, a vehicle needs 8 times the engine power to...” (lines 20-21), the word thus introduces a
 
a) contrast.
b) condition.
c) concession.
 d) comparison.
e) consequence.
(CESGRANRIO) In “Thus, a vehicle needs 8 times the engine power to...” (lines 20-21), the word thus introduces a
 
a) contrast.
b) condition.
c) concession.
 d) comparison.
e) consequence.
PRESENTING
CONDITIONIF=AS LONG AS = PROVIDED (THAT) = PROVIDING
(se, contanto que)
You can get a job as long as you have experience.
 UNLESS (a menos que)
 
You can't get a job unless you have experience
 (= you can get a job if you have experience).
WHETHER = IF (expressing doubts)
I was merely questioning whether we had the money to fund such a project.
She asked me whether I was interested in working for her.
 OTHERWISE
We’d better send it express, otherwise it’ll take days.
 (If we do not send it express, it will take days.)
Call home, otherwise your parents will start to worry.
(If you don’t call home, your parents will start to worry.)
 IN CASE
We use in case to talk about things we should do in order to be prepared for possible future situations:
Shall I keep some chicken salad for your brother in case he’s hungry when he gets here? 
In case I forget later, here are the keys to the garage. 
REMEMBER!!! 
Omitting If
 If I were the President, I would lower taxes. 
Were I the president, I would lower taxes.
If Joe had played, we could have won.
Had Joe played, we could have won.
If you should see him again, walk the other way!
Should you see him again, walk the other way!
My house is haunted by the screams of slow digital death. I'm referring to the last gasps of the Tamagotchi, a "digital craze" , that infected my kids like chicken pox last spring. Since the day they were born, I have tried to give my children the right toys. So when I first read about Tamagotchis, I felt here was a toy that would appeal to my daughters. In case you are childless or an alien from outer space and managed to avoid this craze, the Tamagotchi is a keychain-size plastic egg that houses a small LCO (Liquid Crystal Display) in which "lives" a creature that you nurture by pushing a variety of Buttons.
A expressão in case (l. 6) pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por
(A) so.
(B) as.
(C) when.
(D) indeed.
(E) if.
My house is haunted by the screams of slow digital death. I'm referring to the last gasps of the Tamagotchi, a "digital craze" , that infected my kids like chicken pox last spring. Since the day they were born, I have tried to give my children the right toys. So when I first read about Tamagotchis, I felt here was a toy that would appeal to my daughters. In case you are childless or an alien from outer space and managed to avoid this craze, the Tamagotchi is a keychain-size plastic egg that houses a small LCO (Liquid Crystal Display) in which "lives" a creature that you nurture by pushing a variety of Buttons.
 A expressão in case (l. 6) pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por
(A) so.
(B) as.
(C) when.
(D) indeed.
(E) if.
(CESGRANRIO) In Text I, the boldfaced item is synonymous with the expression in italics in 
a) “In addition to making people more prone to accidents and injury, sleep deprivation causes a number of negative effects.” (lines 61-63) – Although
b) “Take a nap before work, if need be.” (line 86) – in case
c) “While it’s okay as an occasional pick-me-up, coffee and caffeinated beverages are not substitutes for adequate sleep.” (lines 87-89) – Since
d) “Similarly to the recent changes in health care, the FAA is moving in the right direction to help its employees get the sleep they need to do their jobs safely.” (lines 97-100) – In spite of
e) “As this latest incident at Westchester Airport confirms, there is a great deal of work still to be done.” (lines 100-101) – Provided that
(CESGRANRIO) In Text I, the boldfaced item is synonymous with the expression in italics in 
a) “In addition to making people more prone to accidents and injury, sleep deprivation causes a number of negative effects.” (lines 61-63) – Although
b) “Take a nap before work, if need be.” (line 86) – in case
c) “While it’s okay as an occasional pick-me-up, coffee and caffeinated beverages are not substitutes for adequate sleep.” (lines 87-89) – Since
d) “Similarly to the recent changes in health care, the FAA is moving in the right direction to help its employees get the sleep they need to do their jobs safely.” (lines 97-100) – In spite of
e) “As this latest incident at Westchester Airport confirms, there is a great deal of work still to be done.” (lines 100-101) – Provided that
PRESENTING
TIME RELATION
 AFTERWARD(S) = LATER
(mais tarde; posteriormente; depois)
 
A couple of years afterwards I bumped into her in a supermarket.
We had a swim and afterward we lay on the beach for a while.
 
 
 MEANWHILE = IN THE MEANTIME (Enquanto isso)
 
The baby was napping. In the meantime, the older kids were watching a movie.
The incomes of male professionals went up by almost 80%. 
Meanwhile, part-time women workers saw their earnings fall.
 Tammy spent four years studying for her law degree. Meanwhile, she continued to work at the bank.
 HITHERTO - SO FAR - UNTIL NOW (até agora)
They have hitherto been the most intelligent group of researchers in this university.
French astronomers have found a hitherto unknown galaxy.
I have never thought about it until now.
 So far we've made £32,000.
HENCEFORTH = FROM NOW ON = HEREAFTER 
(de agora em diante, daqui para a frente)
Henceforth, supervisors will report directly to the manager.
 
He announced that henceforth he would be running the company.
We don't know what will happen hereafter.
the hereafter​ - life after death.
She had a firm conviction that they would meet again in the hereafter.
Suffering is part of our preparation for the hereafter.
PRESENTLY – SOON – IN A WHILE
Robert will be here presently.
 IMMEDIATELY – RIGHT AWAY – AT ONCE 
Ingrid answered Peter's letter at once.
I need someone to help me right away.
AS SOON AS – WHEN – ONCE
As soon as she entered the room, she knew there was something wrong.
Once you begin, you'll love it!
 
CORRELATIVE
CONNECTORS 
 NOT ONLY… BUT ALSO
The war caused not only destruction and death but also generations of hatred between the two communities.
They painted not only the outside of the house but also the inside.
 WHETHER… OR (NOT)
We use ‘whether … or’ to introduce a clause giving two options or alternatives:
She didn’t know whether he was laughing or crying.
 She was uncertain whether to stay or leave.
Look, Kate, I’m calling the doctor, whether you like it or not.
 BOTH…AND
We use ‘both … and’ to emphasise the link between two things. This makes a stronger connection than ‘and’ alone:
She played both hockey and basketball when she was a student. 
(stronger link than She played hockey and basketball when she was a student.)
 
Both he and his wife play tennis.
 EITHER…OR
‘Either… or…’ connects two choices or possibilities:
 You add either one or two cloves of garlic.
 She’s the kind of person you either love or hate.
Either you take the tram to downtown or get a taxi. 
 NEITHER…NOR
Mentioning two things that are not true or possible.
 Neither Oleg’s mother nor his father spoke English.
 The equipment is neither accurate nor safe.
Neither he nor his wife enjoyed the vacation.
 De acordo com o texto, complete a sentença abaixo com a alternativa correta.
Animal figures have also been popular. The Chinese see a rabbit in the dark and a toad in the white areas of the lunar markings.
 
The Chinese can see ... a rabbit … a toad on the lunar markings.
 
(A) … neither … nor …
(B) … and … or …
(C) … either … and …
(D) … both … or …
(E) … both … and …
 De acordo com o texto, complete a sentença abaixo com a alternativa correta.
Animal figures have also been popular. The Chinese see a rabbit in the dark and a toad in the white areas of the lunar markings.
 
The Chinese can see ... a rabbit … a toad on the lunar markings.
 
(A) … neither … nor …
(B) … and … or …
(C) … either … and …
(D) … both … or …
(E) … both … and …
 The expression “ neither... nor” in “But neither the park nor the mountains are enough to explain why Hay attracts so many visitors” excludes both “the park and “the mountains”. If they were tobe included, the correct expression(s) would be:
 
I.	Not only... but also.
II.	Either... or.
III.	As well as. 
 
The correct alternative according to the propositions above is
a)	I
b)	I and II
c)	I and III
d)	I, II and III
e)	II and III
 The expression “ neither... nor” in “But neither the park nor the mountains are enough to explain why Hay attracts so many visitors” excludes both “the park and “the mountains”. If they were to be included, the correct expression(s) would be:
 
I.	Not only... but also.
II.	Either... or.
III.	As well as. 
 
The correct alternative according to the propositions above is
a)	I
b)	I and II
c)	I and III
d)	I, II and III
e)	II and III
 
PRESENTING
CONTRAST / CONCESSION
“BUT”
DESPITE - IN SPITE OF (Apesar)
REGARDLESS OF - NOTWITHSTANDING
In spite of his injury, Rick will play in Saturday’s game.
Notwithstanding some criticisms, this book contains much of value.
The plan for a new office building went ahead regardless of local opposition.
But today, despite the film’s merits, Newcastle no longer needs a movie to boost its reputation. The fastest growing tourist destination in Britain, Newcastle has shed its old image as a dusty northern town, built on coal mines and steel furnaces. Instead it has become a place of clubs and winebars, restaurants and hotels. Everywhere there is a sense of energy and prosperity. (Speak Up, # 169)
The word despite could be correctly replaced by
(A) although.
(B) in spite of.
(C) nevertheless
(D) any how.
(E) at any rate.
But today, despite the film’s merits, Newcastle no longer needs a movie to boost its reputation. The fastest growing tourist destination in Britain, Newcastle has shed its old image as a dusty northern town, built on coal mines and steel furnaces. Instead it has become a place of clubs and winebars, restaurants and hotels. Everywhere there is a sense of energy and prosperity. (Speak Up, # 169)
The word despite could be correctly replaced by
(A) although.
(B) in spite of.
(C) nevertheless
(D) any how.
(E) at any rate.
And so, notwithstanding living in an area where community workers estimate that 90 per cent of people do not have access to a private computer, 19-year-old Ivania finds out about the world…
Select the alternative that best replaces the word notwithstanding.
(A) nevertheless
(B) however
(C) in spite of
(D) therefore
(E) but
And so, notwithstanding living in an area where community workers estimate that 90 per cent of people do not have access to a private computer, 19-year-old Ivania finds out about the world…
Select the alternative that best replaces the word notwithstanding.
(A) nevertheless
(B) however
(C) in spite of
(D) therefore
(E) but
IN SPITE OF THE FACT THAT
DESPITE THE FACT THAT
When they arrived at Malaga it was hot, in spite of the fact that it was only the end of March.
She went to Spain despite the fact that her doctor had told her to rest.
He won despite the fact that he was injured.
(He won despite the injury.)
Assinale a alternativa cujos elementos melhor substituem, respectivamente, os termos sublinhados nos seguimentos a seguir.
I – Despite the fact that Victoria and Albert often favoured artists from Germany, they also commissioned British artists.
II – Scottish authors Stevenson and Sir Scott also owe Victoria a debt – in fact, the royal couple love of Scotland also changed the very idea of what was ‘British’.
a) While – because of it
b) Although – in reality
c) Even if – besides
d) Though – so
e) Yet – in truth
Assinale a alternativa cujos elementos melhor substituem, respectivamente, os termos sublinhados nos seguimentos a seguir.
I – Despite the fact that Victoria and Albert often favoured artists from Germany, they also commissioned British artists.
II – Scottish authors Stevenson and Sir Scott also owe Victoria a debt – in fact, the royal couple love of Scotland also changed the very idea of what was ‘British’.
a) While – because of it
b) Although – in reality
c) Even if – besides
d) Though – so
e) Yet – in truth
(EVEN) THOUGH - ALTHOUGH - WHILE - WHEREAS (embora)
Even though the car's old, it still runs well.
 Although I can’t help admiring the man’s courage, I do not approve of his methods.
While there was no conclusive evidence, most people thought he was guilty. 
 Whereas the city had spent over $1 billion on its stadium, it failed to look after its schools.
______ the cost is often hard to quantify , in this case I can put an exact value on it: 3,5 billion dollars.
(A) Though
(B) Even so
(C) Nevertheless
(D) In spite of
(E) But
______ the cost is often hard to quantify , in this case I can put an exact value on it: 3,5 billion dollars.
(A) Though
(B) Even so
(C) Nevertheless
(D) In spite of
(E) But
 “Students of color report that racism is still a problem, WHILE white students reject the idea that there’s anything wrong.”
WHILE indica e pode ser substituída por:
a)	Causa – because
b)	Resultado – so
c)	Tempo – meanwhile
d)	Comparação – like
e)	Contraste - whereas
 “Students of color report that racism is still a problem, WHILE white students reject the idea that there’s anything wrong.”
WHILE indica e pode ser substituída por:
a)	Causa – because
b)	Resultado – so
c)	Tempo – meanwhile
d)	Comparação – like
e)	Contraste - whereas
She walked home by herself, although she knew that it was dangerous.
(A) Though.
(B) Despite.
(C) However.
(D) Even so.
(E) In spite of.
She walked home by herself, although she knew that it was dangerous.
(A) Though.
(B) Despite.
(C) However.
(D) Even so.
(E) In spite of.
 Complete the blanks in the following sentence with the appropriate sequence.
........ the late structural works, all the problems were solved ........ time ........ the games.
(A) Although - with - for
(B) In spite of - in -for
(C) Because of - in -for
(D) In spite of - on -to
(E) Because of - on - to
 Complete the blanks in the following sentence with the appropriate sequence.
........ the late structural works, all the problems were solved ........ time ........ the games.
(A) Although - with - for
(B) In spite of - in -for
(C) Because of - in -for
(D) In spite of - on -to
(E) Because of - on - to
9. Any sort of change can make you feel
10. stressed. Even good change. lt's not the
11. change or event itself, but also how you react
12. to it that matters. What's stressful is different
13. for each person. For example, one person
14. may feel stressed by retiring from work ........
15. someone else may not.
.A palavra que melhor completa a lacuna, expressando a relação semântica que há entre a frase em questão e a precedente, é
			(A) why.
			(B) therefore.
			(C) while.
			(D) how.
			(E) where.
9. Any sort of change can make you feel
10. stressed. Even good change. lt's not the
11. change or event itself, but also how you react
12. to it that matters. What's stressful is different
13. for each person. For example, one person
14. may feel stressed by retiring from work ........
15. someone else may not.
.A palavra que melhor completa a lacuna, expressando a relação semântica que há entre a frase em questão e a precedente, é
			(A) why.
			(B) therefore.
			(C) while.
			(D) how.
			(E) where.
ALBEIT / ALTHOUGH 
(despite the stated thing)
An enjoyable, albeit expensive vacation.
He was making progress, albeit rather slowly.
The area continued as a centre for music into the Nineties and beyond, albeit on a much smaller scale.
HOWEVER / EVEN SO / NEVERTHELESS
 NONETHELESS / STILL
 (“Contudo”; “Entretanto”; “Ainda assim”)
 
She was highly creative and talented. However, success remained unachievable for her.
  I know you claim not to care about the breakup. Even so, you keep talking about it.
The Sharks played with two men in the penalty box. Nevertheless, they managed to win.
Security at the event has been tightened since last year. Nonetheless, about 1000 managed to get in without tickets.
 The hotel was terrible. Still, we were lucky with the weather.
Still(Adj) - not moving; quiet
 We stood still and watched as the deer came closer.
 The house was completely still.
X
YET / BUT (“Contudo”; “Entretanto”; “Ainda assim”)
 
They charge incredibly high prices, yet customers keep coming back for more.
The sun was shining, but it was quite cold.
Last summer there was a drought, yet some people were still watering their lawns every day.
 
(CESGRANRIO) In Text II, the idea expressed by the word in boldface type is described in
a) alarming (line 3) – soothing
an alarming rate
b) futile (line 4) – important
people use lowcalorie diet soda in a futile effort to lose weight
c) Yet (line 4) – But
people use lowcalorie diet soda in a futile effort to lose weight. Yet they find that these drinks have the opposite effect
d) content (line 7) – happy
The high acid content
e) stroke (line 14) – death
soda’s effect on stroke risk 
(CESGRANRIO) In Text II, the idea expressed by the word in boldface type is described in
a) alarming (line 3) – soothing
an alarming rate
b) futile (line 4) – important
people use lowcalorie diet soda in a futile effort to lose weight
c) Yet (line 4) – But
people use lowcalorie diet soda in a futile effort to lose weight. Yet they find that these drinks have the opposite effect
d) content (line 7) – happy
The high acid content
e) stroke (line 14) – death
soda’s effect on stroke risk 
YET in “Yet less than 1% of the Earth’s water is drinkable” is used to
a) introduce a statement which makes a contrast with what has just been said.
b) indicate that the previous statement is not significant in relation to what you’re about to say.
c) introduce the idea that the situation has existed up until the present time.
d) indicate that a particular fact does not make the rest of your sentence untrue.
e) indicate that the figure you have just mentioned may not be accurate.
YET in “Yet less than 1% of the Earth’s water is drinkable” is used to
a) introduce a statement which makes a contrast with what has just been said.
b) indicate that the previous statement is not significant in relation to what you’re about to say.
c) introduce the idea that the situation has existed up until the present time.
d) indicate that a particular fact does not make the rest of your sentence untrue.
e) indicate that the figure you have just mentioned may not be accurate.
The word “but”as in “small but noisy” is used INCORRECTLY in
a) short but strong
b) beautiful but charming
c) slow but efficient
d) long but easy
e) difficult but interesting
The word “but”as in “small but noisy” is used INCORRECTLY in
a) short but strong
b) beautiful but charming
c) slow but efficient
d) long but easy
e) difficult but interesting
 Assinale a alternativa em que a palavra yet está sendo usada com o mesmo sentido do texto
Was it the dress itself (an elegant yet simple ink-blue velvet gown) that determined the price, or the fact that the Princess attended a state dinner at the White House and danced with John Travolta while wearing it?
(A) She might yet prove you wrong in this matter.
(B) She wrote she won't be back for a long time yet.
(C) She bought yet another pair of red leather shoes.
(D) She says awful things about him yet she loves him.
(E) She hasn’t given her reasons for acceptance yet.
 Assinale a alternativa em que a palavra yet está sendo usada com o mesmo sentido do texto
Was it the dress itself (an elegant yet simple ink-blue velvet gown) that determined the price, or the fact that the Princess attended a state dinner at the White House and danced with John Travolta while wearing it?
(A) She might yet prove you wrong in this matter.
(B) She wrote she won't be back for a long time yet.
(C) She bought yet another pair of red leather shoes.
(D) She says awful things about him yet she loves him.
(E) She hasn’t given her reasons for acceptance yet.
THOUGH – NEVERTHELESS - HOWEVER
The building is guarded around the clock. Robberies occur, nevertheless.
He can't dance. He sings well, nonetheless.
I’ll have six hours in the airport between flights. I don’t mind, however. I have lots of work to do on my laptop. 
 Sometimes you can be a real jerk. I like you, though.
RATHER THAN = INSTEAD OF
(Em vez de) alternative or preference
 I think we’d call it a lecture rather than a talk.
I prefer cooking with olive oil instead of butter.
She uses lemon rather than vinegar in her salad dressings.
 
RATHER 
RATHER = INSTEAD
Mathew did not join the navy. Rather, he decided to join the theater and become an actor.
2) DEGREE ADVERB - used to express something unexpected or surprising
It’s a rather dull film. / She seemed rather unhappy.
3) OR RATHER (melhor dizendo) - My father, OR RATHER, my stepfather.
4) (PREFERENCE) - He’d (would) rather die than apologize to Helen.
			 I'd (would) rather not talk about it.
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna.
(A) Because
(B) Whereas
(C) Meanwhile
(D) Therefore
(E) Instead
It was also found nobody in the community has an age. …….. , they change their names to reflect their life-stage and position within their society.
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna.
(A) Because
(B) Whereas
(C) Meanwhile
(D) Therefore
(E) Instead
It was also found nobody in the community has an age. …….. , they change their names to reflect their life-stage and position within their society.
 
EMPHASIS
 
INDEED = REALLY = CERTAINLY = IN FACT = ACTUALLY
Evidence suggests that errors may indeed be occurring.
Indeed, it could be the worst environmental disaster in Europe this century.
They suspected that she'd killed him but they could never actually prove that it was her.
He was in fact near death by the time they reached him.
 The word Indeed (l. 04) is used in the text for
(A) emphasis.
(B) contrast.
(C) comparison.
(D) concession.
(E) cause.
When Mr Hiram B. Otis, the American Minister, bought Canterville Chase, every one told him he was doing a very foolish thing, as there was no doubt at all that the place was haunted. Indeed, Lord Canterville himself had felt it his duty to mention the fact to Mr Otis, when they came to discuss terms.
 The word Indeed (l. 04) is used in the text for
(A) emphasis.
(B) contrast.
(C) comparison.
(D) concession.
(E) cause.
When Mr Hiram B. Otis, the American Minister, bought Canterville Chase, every one told him he was doing a very foolish thing, as there was no doubt at all that the place was haunted. Indeed, Lord Canterville himself had felt it his duty to mention the fact to Mr Otis, when they came to discuss terms.
In the text, the word in italics describes the idea expressed by the boldfaced word in
 a) argued (line 8) - asked
b) actually (line 10) – really
c) talented (line 13) - unskilled
d) income (line 16) - input
e) path (line 17) – origin
In the text, the word in italics describes the idea expressed by the boldfaced word in
 a) argued (line 8) - asked
b) actually (line 10) – really
(there is a profound disconnect between what schools are teaching and what is actually required for a worker to succeed)
c) talented (line 13) - unskilled
d) income (line 16) - input
e) path (line 17) – origin