Aula_02-079-081

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79 
TEACHER ANDREA BELO 
 
 
 
AULA 02 – VERBS IN TEXTS 
 
occupational phenomenon.” It’s important to get help from a medical professional who can 
distinguish between the two, because although there are many treatment options for depression, 
burnout is still best tackled by making lifestyle changes. 
And how do you know if you’re really on the cusp of burnout, or just going through a challenging 
month? “Stress is really important, and anxiety is what motivates us to do well,” says Murray. “It’s 
when we’re continually exposed to stress and anxiety, that we’re not letting go, that it starts to 
turn into burnout.” 
Take that big project you’ve been working on. It’s normal to feel a kick of adrenaline when you 
think about it, and maybe it’s kept you up at night. But, Murray suggests, if you still feel restless 
once it’s over, it’s time to consider if you’re at risk of burnout. “It’s when you’re bringing that with 
you into the next stage of your day, and adding to it continually,” she says. 
Another classic sign of inching closer to burnout is cynicism: feeling like your work has little value, 
avoiding social commitments and becoming more susceptible to disappointment. 
“Someone on the brink will probably begin to feel emotionally numbed or mentally distant,” says 
Jacky Francis Walker, a psychotherapist based in London who specializes in burnout. “Like they 
don’t have the capacity to engage as much in the ordinary things of life.” 
She also recommends looking for the final tell-tale sign of burnout, which is the unshakeable 
feeling that the quality of your work is beginning to slip. “People say ‘but this isn’t me!’, ‘I’m not 
like this’, ‘I can usually do x,y and z’. But obviously if they are in a state of physical depletion, then 
they aren’t in their normal range of capabilities,” says Walker. 
If this seems less than scientific, look to the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), a test designed to 
measure burnout. The most widely used is the MBI-General Survey, which measures things like 
exhaustion, cynicism, and some how well you think you’re doing at work. 
First published in 1981, it has been cited hundreds of times in studies since. Although it’s typically 
used to measure burnout once it's in full swing, there’s no reason you can't apply it to see if you’re 
getting close. 
(Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20190610-how-to-tell-if-youve-got-pre-burnout) 
 
QUESTÃO 01 (EPCAR/INÉDITA) – Mark the correct option. 
a) Burnout is now considered a medical condition. 
b) Burnout can improve people’s performance at work. 
c) Burnout was widely known in the 1970’s. 
d) Herbert Freudenberger first used the term burnout in the 1970’s. 
 
QUESTÃO 02 (EPCAR/INÉDITA) – According to the text, mark the correct alternative. 
a) The psychologist discovered burnout by accident while analyzing drug addicts and homeless. 
b) The clinic’s volunteers were having a good time doing their work. 
c) Anyone is subject to get it if they reach exhaustion due to prolonged overwork and stress. 
d) Drug addicts were the first to suffer from burnout due to their stressful routine. 
 
 
 
 
80 
TEACHER ANDREA BELO 
 
 
 
AULA 02 – VERBS IN TEXTS 
 
QUESTÃO 03 (EPCAR/INÉDITA) – In the sentence “the general dimming of the mental faculties” 
(paragraph 2) the word dimming means 
a) decrease. 
b) augmentation. 
c) assessment. 
d) improvement. 
 
QUESTÃO 04 (EPCAR/INÉDITA) – Mark the correct question to the sentence below. 
“Freudenberger defined this alarming new condition as a state of exhaustion caused by 
prolonged overwork” 
a) How did Freudenberger define this alarming new condition? 
b) How has Freudenberger defined this alarming new condition? 
c) How had Freudenberger defined this alarming new condition? 
d) How did Freudenberger defined this alarming new condition? 
 
QUESTÃO 05 (EPCAR/INÉDITA) – Mark the alternative that completes the sentence. 
Some symptoms the psychologist noticed the volunteers had to deal with were 
a) that they were drug abusers and most of them were homeless. 
b) that they started to feel demotivated, emotionally drained, cynical and depressed. 
c) that they were getting sick very frequently. 
d) that they were being diagnosed with generalized anxiety and depression. 
 
QUESTÃO 06 (EPCAR/INÉDITA) – Mark the alternative that DOESN’T complete the sentence 
below. 
The psychologist Herbert Freudenberger 
a) was who first used the word burnout to describe this exhaustion condition. 
b) recognised the problem of burnout in 1974 in New York City for the first time. 
c) created this condition so that he would become known for discovering a disease. 
d) defined burnout as a state of exhaustion caused by prolonged overwork. 
 
QUESTÃO 07 (EPCAR/INÉDITA) – Read the sentences and mark the correct option. 
I. The WHO has finally recognised burnout as a disease. 
II. More than half a million people suffered from workplace stress in 2018 in the UK. 
III. Relying on sugar to get you through the day can be a good way of keeping yourself from 
burning out. 
 
 
 
 
81 
TEACHER ANDREA BELO 
 
 
 
AULA 02 – VERBS IN TEXTS 
 
The only correct sentence(s) is(are) 
a) II. 
b) III. 
c) I and II. 
d) I and III. 
 
QUESTÃO 08 (EPCAR/INÉDITA) – Mark the correct alternative to complete the sentence. 
According to the text, the burnout 
a) makes people happy because they feel that they are performing at their best. 
b) is best tackled and can be reversed by making lifestyle changes. 
c) has been responsible for many deaths around the world since the 1970’s. 
d) is responsible for kicks of adrenaline when you think about a project you’ve been working on. 
 
QUESTÃO 09 (EPCAR/INÉDITA) – In the underlined sentences in the second paragraph, there 
are __________ verbs used in the past tense. 
a) four 
b) one 
c) three 
d) two 
 
QUESTÃO 10 (EPCAR/INÉDITA) – Volunteers 
a) never liked their work at all. 
b) weren’t giving enough attention to patients due to their burnout condition. 
c) accepted being part of an experiment to find out what happens when people get to their limit 
at work. 
d) would still find their jobs rewarding even though they were burned out. 
 
QUESTÕES ESA 
Texto para responder à questão 01 
August 08, 2020 
By Lise Alves, Senior Contributing Reporter 
RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL - In two months, researchers from the Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute of 
Post-Graduate Studies and Engineering Research at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro 
(Coppe/UFRJ), the National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO) and the