LIES1_a04_t16

Prévia do material em texto

Participial Adjectives 
ADJECTIVAL USE VERBAL USE 
Can be modified with VERY 
The noise is (very) annoying 
I was (very) embarrassed 
 
Cannot be modified with VERY 
The noise is annoying the 
neighbors (there is also a direct object – 
neighbors) 
Ten people were killed 
This document is hand-written 
It cannot be turned into passive voice It can be turned into passive voice 
Active: The noise annoyed the 
neighbors. 
Passive: The neighbors were annoyed by 
the noise. 
Active: His compliments delighted me. 
Passive: I was delighted by his 
compliments. 
It is not possible to change the -ing form 
into a non-progressive verb : 
The work is rewarding (not possible -the 
work rewards) 
The job was exacting (not possible -the 
job exacted) 
It is possible to change the -ing form 
into a non-progressive verb: 
The children are dancing - The 
children dance 
My eyes are stinging - My eyes sting 
The presence of a complement, such as 
a that-clause, indicates that it is 
adjectival. 
The jury was convinced that the 
defendant was innocent 
The presence of a by-agent phrase (by 
your behavior, by my reaction) indicates 
that the -ed form is verbal. 
The jury was convinced by the lawyer's 
argument 
 
 
 
 
Other examples: 
ADJECTIVAL VERBAL 
This film is terrifying This film is terrifying the children 
Your comments are alarming Your comments are alarming the people 
The defendant's answers were 
misleading 
The defendant's answers were misleading 
the jury 
I was delighted to meet you again I was delighted by his compliments 
John is terrified of losing his job John is terrified by his boss 
I was frightened that I'd be late I was frightened by your expression 
I was disappointed to hear your 
decision 
I was disappointed by your decision