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Literatura Norte – Americana
		The ____________ was the only religious reference recognized by The Puritans.
	
	
	
	
	
	Torah
	
	 
	Bible
	
	
	Gita
	
	
	Koran
	
	
	Tipitaka
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		2.
		The title page of Anne Bradstreet's first book assures readers that she did not shirk her responsibilities as a wife and mother in order to write poetry. The poems were said to be:
	
	
	
	
	 
	¿the fruit of some few hours, curtailed from sleep and other refreshments.¿
	
	
	" The formation of alliances by the Native Americans against the settlers"
	
	
	" the history of hurricane survivors"
	
	
	" a realistic, if biased, account of Native Americans"
	
	 
	" the deep cultural conflict between New England¿s Native American and European inhabitants"
	
	
	
		3.
		Anne Bradstreet was a woman who wrote -------------in the 17th century. She represented the heart of American women at that time.
	
	
	
	
	
	lesson plans
	
	
	fairy tales
	
	
	novels
	
	 
	poems
	
	
	recipes
	
	
	
		4.
		The first published book of poems by an American was also the first American book to be published by a woman ¿ Anne Bradstreet. It is not surprising that the book was published in England, why?
	
	
	
	
	 
	Given the lack of printing presses in the early years of the first American colonies.
	
	
	Because her husband had prohibited its publication.
	
	 
	Given the fact that she was born and educated in England.
	
	
	Due to the fact that she was already very famous in England for that time.
	
	
	Because the author was a woman.
	
	
	
		5.
		Who was the first published poet in America¿a remarkable accomplishment considering that writing was thought improper for a woman at that time?
	
	
	
	
	
	Anne Wordsworth
	
	 
	Anne Broadstock
	
	
	Anne Bradford
	
	
	Anne Woodbridge
	
	 
	Anne Bradstreet
	
	
	
		6.
		By reading one of Jonathan Edwards ´ sermons entitled Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, you can recognize his literary tendency to reform the values of theology with determinism and still showing his------------
	
	
	
	
	
	Revolutionary origins
	
	
	Classic origins
	
	 
	Puritan origins
	
	
	Modern origins
	
	
	Romantic origins
	
	
	
		7.
		The Puritans were a group of people who were dissatisfied with...
	
	
	
	
	 
	The Catholic Church
	
	
	the political scenario
	
	
	God
	
	
	themselves
	
	 
	the Church of England.
		In "The fall of the House of Usher", the atmosphere of the short story is best described as:
	
	
	
	
	
	relaxing
	
	
	hopeful
	
	
	indifferent
	
	
	happy
	
	 
	gloomy
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		2.
		The gothic inspiration in Poe´s work is expressed by
	
	
	
	
	
	the value given to the self
	
	
	the happy stories told by the writer
	
	
	the light side of human nature
	
	 
	the gloomy side of human nature
	
	
	the modernist characteristics found in Poe´s stories
	
	
	
		3.
		Some of Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson's ideas about independence were not new. According to athe ideas of an English philosopher theory of ¿natural law,¿ human beings are ¿by nature free, equal and independent¿. These ideas belonged to:
	
	
	
	
	 
	John Locke
	
	
	Adam Smith
	
	 
	Thomas Paine
	
	
	Ralph Waldo Emerson
	
	
	Philip Freneau
	
	
	
		4.
		Thoreau¿s method of retreat and concentration resembles Asian meditation techniques. The resemblance is not accidental: like Emerson and Whitman, he was influenced by:
	
	
	
	
	
	German and Buddhist philosophy.
	
	
	Hindu and Roman philosophy.
	
	
	Greek and Buddhist philosophy.
	
	
	Hindu and African philosophy.
	
	 
	Hindu and Buddhist philosophy.
	
	
	
		5.
		Poe¿s verse, like that of many southerners, was very musical and strictly metrical. His best-known poem, in his own lifetime and today, is:
	
	
	
	
	
	The Raven (1846)
	
	
	The Raven (1844)
	
	 
	 The Raven (1845)
	
	
	The Heaven (1845)
	
	
	The Heaven (1843)
	
	
	
		6.
		In literature the word Gothic applies to works with a brooding atmosphere that emphasize the unknown and inspire fear. Gothic novels typically feature wild and remote settings, such as:
	
	
	
	
	
	big chapels and colourful gardens
	
	
	hunting castles or wind-blasted moors, and their plots involve violent or mysterious events.
	
	
	hunting castles or wind-blasted moors, and their plots involve violent or funny jokes.
	
	
	haunted castles or wind-blasted mills, and their plots involve violent or funny jokes.
	
	 
	haunted castles or wind-blasted moors, and their plots involve violent or mysterious events.
	
	
	
		7.
		In The Fall of the House of Usher, the choice of adjectives reflect the -------- atmosphere created by Poe.
	
	
	
	
	
	logical
	
	
	soft
	
	 
	gloomy
	
	
	optimistic
	
	
	happy
	
	
	
		8.
		By the time of the Declaration of Independence, American literary patriots felt sure that the great American Revolution naturally would find expression in the epic. The concept of epic is:
	
	
	
	
	 
	a long, dramatic narrative poem in elevated language, celebrating the feats of a legendary hero.
	
	
	a long, dramatic narrative poem in elevated language, celebrating the fears of a legendary hero.
	
	
	a long, dramatic narrative poetry in elevated language, celebrating the feats of a legendary hero.
	
	
	a long, dramatic descriptive poem in elevated language, celebrating the feats of a legendary hero.
	
	
	a short, dramatic narrative poem in elevated language, celebrating the feats of a legendary hero.
		Unlike many European groups, the Transcendentalists never issued a manifesto. They insisted on individual differences ¿ on the unique viewpoint of the individual. American Transcendental Romantics pushed radical individualism to the extreme. American writers often saw themselves as:
	
	
	
	
	
	lonely explorers outside the country and convention.
	
	 
	lonely explorers outside society and convention.
	
	
	lonely explorers outside society and out of convention.
	
	
	group of explorers outside society and convention.
	
	
	lonely explorers inside society and convention.
	
	
	
		2.
		Dickinson¿s 1,775 __________ continue to intrigue critics, who often disagree about them. Some stress her mystical side, some her sensitivity to nature; many note her odd, exotic appeal. Her clean, clear, chiseled poems are some of the most fascinating and challenging in American literature.
	
	
	
	
	 
	poems
	
	
	plays
	
	
	poetries
	
	
	sonnets
	
	
	romances
	
	
	
		3.
		Her best poems have no fat; many mock current sentimentality, and some are even heretical. She sometimes shows a terrifying existential awareness. Like Poe, she explores the dark and hidden part of the mind, dramatizing death and the grave. Yet she also celebrated simple objects ¿ a flower, a bee. She is
	
	
	
	
	 
	Emily Dickinson
	
	
	Susanna Rowson
	
	
	Hannah Foster
	
	
	Mercy Otis Warren
	
	
	Judith Sargent Murray
	
	
	
		4.
		In the 1830s, the influence of Romanticism beganto be felt in the United States. One result was ________________, a loosely organized movement that embodied the ideas of thinkers who were active in New England in the 1830s and 1840s.
	
	
	
	
	
	Rationalism
	
	
	Enlightenment
	
	
	Realism
	
	
	Humanism
	
	 
	Transcendentalism
	
	
	
		5.
		English literature from the days of the minstrels to the Lake Poets, Chaucer and Spenser and Shakespeare and Milton included, breathes no quite fresh and in this sense, wild strain. It is an essentially tame and civilized literature, reflecting:
	
	
	
	
	
	. Rome and Paris.
	
	
	Greece and London.
	
	
	Rome and Venice.
	
	 
	Greece and Rome.
	
	
	Greece and Italy.
	
	
	
		6.
		Toward the end of the 1700s, bold new ideas began to transform European civilization. In time, many of these ideas would become part of Romanticism, a movement in art and thought that dominated Europe and the United States throughout much of the 1800s. Some of the roots of this movement were:
	
	
	
	
	
	optimism and liberalism, kinship with Nature and the power of darkness
	
	 
	optimism and individualism, kinship with Nature and the power of darkness
	
	 
	optimism and individualism, kinship with Nature and the power of lightness
	
	
	optimism and individualism, aversion to Nature and the power of darkness
	
	
	optimism and individualism, kinship with reality and the power of darkness
	
	
	
		7.
		Enlightenment thinkers and writers were devoted to the ideals of:
	
	
	
	
	 
	justice, liberty, and equality as the common rights of man.
	
	
	justice, liberty, and equality as the natural duties of man.
	
	
	justice, liberty, and equality as the natural rights of some groups.
	
	
	justice, democracy, and equality as the natural rights of man.
	
	 
	justice, liberty, and equality as the natural rights of man.
	
	
	
		8.
		Walt Whitman¿s greatness is visible in many of his poems, among them:
	
	
	
	
	
	¿Crossing Brooklyn Ferry¿ and ¿The Chambered Nautilus¿
	
	 
	"Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking¿ and "Woman in the Nineteenth Century"
	
	 
	¿Crossing Brooklyn Ferry¿ and ¿Leaves of Grass"
	
	
	¿Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking¿ and "A Fable for Critics"
	
	
	¿When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom¿d¿ and ¿Evangeline¿
	
		More than any other writer, Walt Whitman invented the myth of democratic America, he daringly turned upside down the general opinion that America was too brash and new to be poetic. He invented a timeless America of the:
	
	
	
	
	
	free imagination, peopled with pioneering spirits of only one nation.
	
	
	prohibited imagination, peopled with pioneering spirits of all nations.
	
	
	free imagination, peopled without pioneering spirits of all nations.
	
	
	free imagination, peopled with pioneering spirits of all states.
	
	 
	free imagination, peopled with pioneering spirits of all nations.
	
	
	
		2.
		Practical yet idealistic, hard-working and enormously successful, he recorded his early life in his famous Autobiography. He was the first great self-made man in America, a poor democrat born in an aristocratic age that his fine example helped to liberalize. His name is:
	
	
	
	
	 
	Benjamin Franklin
	
	
	Richard Saunders
	
	 
	Thomas Paine
	
	
	Noah Webster
	
	
	Thomas Jefferson
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		3.
		The 18th-century American Enlightenment was a movement marked by an emphasis on:
	
	
	
	
	
	rationality rather than tradition, scientific inquisition instead of unquestioning religious dogma, and representative government in place of monarchy.
	
	 
	rationality rather than tradition, scientific inquiry instead of questioning religious dogma, and representative government in place of parliament.
	
	
	tradition rather than rationality, scientific inquiry instead of unquestioning religious dogma, and representative parliament in place of monarchy. .
	
	 
	rationality rather than tradition, scientific inquiry instead of unquestioning religious dogma, and representative government in place of monarchy.
	
	
	tradition rather than rationality, scientific inquiry instead of unquestioning religious dogma, and representative government in place of monarchy. .
	
	
	
		4.
		During the late 1830s, Ralph Waldo Emerson gained fame for his lectures. While Emerson¿s ideas enraged some, they excited many others and helped create the transcendentalist movement, of which Emerson was the spokesperson. The core of transcendentalist thought was:
	
	
	
	
	
	Dynamism, self-reliance, observation, and idealism
	
	
	Dynamism, self-reliance, intuition, and idealism
	
	
	Optimism, self-reliance, intuition, and realism
	
	 
	Optimism, self-reliance, intuition, and idealism
	
	
	Dynamism, self-resistance, intuition, and idealism
	
	
	
		5.
		"The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over these states". Another Enlightenment important figure wrote these lines in the Declaration of Independence. Who was this man and when was the Declaration published?
	
	
	
	
	 
	Thomas Paine in 1777
	
	
	Noah Webster in 1777
	
	
	Benjamin Franklin in 1776
	
	
	Adam Smith in 1777
	
	 
	Thomas Jefferson in 1776
	
	
	
		6.
		Corset maker, cobbler, teacher, tax collector¿ he failed miserably at every line of work he attempted in his native England. This man achieved his successes with a pen only, but his contribution to the cause of freedom is incalculable. Common Sense inspired even the most reluctant to rebel against what he called the ¿tyranny of Britain¿. He was:
	
	
	
	
	 
	Thomas Paine
	
	 
	Noah Webster
	
	
	Benjamin Franklin
	
	
	Adam Smith
	
	
	Thomas Jefferson
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		7.
		In the first decades of the nineteenth century, a number of technological changes in the production process with profound impact on economic and social level brought a huge growth to the United States, but it was also one of several factors that were dividing Americans into two nations, the North and the South. These changes led to:
	
	
	
	
	
	The Civil War
	
	 
	The Industrial Revolution
	
	
	The Glorious Revolution
	
	
	The War of the Roses
	
	
	The Secession Civil War
	
	
	
		8.
		The Romantics tended to emphasize two aspects of nature¿ _______________. The darker Romantics, such as the Melville of Moby-Dick, stressed nature¿s destructive power. Although Ralph Emerson was sensitive to the power of the untamed American wilderness, he chose to dwell on the beauty of nature.
	
	
	
	
	 
	beauty and power
	
	
	beauty and commitment
	
	
	power and construction
	
	
	power and arrangement
	
	
	beauty and slavery
		Many Romantics were drawn to the nonrational side of human nature, such as the emotions, imagination, intuition¿even evil and insanity. They were also fascinated by remote periods of history and exotic places. All these interests came together in the type of writing known as:
	
	
	
	
	
	Classical Literature
	
	
	Lyric literature
	
	
	Critical literature
	
	 
	Gothic literature
	
	
	Epic literature
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		2.
		_________________was a daring and even subversive book.It treated issues that were usually suppressed in 19thcentury America, such as the impact of the new, liberating democratic experience on individual behavior, especially on sexual and religious freedom.
	
	
	
	
	
	The Pit and the Pendulum
	
	 
	The Raven
	
	
	Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym.
	
	 
	The Scarlet Letter
	
	
	A Fable for Critics
	
	
	
		3.
		____________ is recognized as one of Emerson¿s most important works. At the time of its anonymous publication, however, it received little attention. In fact, during his lifetime, Emerson was better known as an orator than as an essayist.
	
	
	
	
	
	Union
	
	
	Ocean
	
	 
	Nature
	
	
	Nation
	
	
	Power
	
		Twain ´s writing clearly contributes to the movement of Realism because he
	
	
	
	
	
	paints humans as heroes who overcome anything
	
	 
	views humans as naturally sinful people capable of good and bad things equally
	
	
	writes romantic tales
	
	
	writes about ancient values
	
	 
	he represents life in an ideal way
	
	
	
		2.
		In Mark Twain¿s masterpiece, Huckleberry Finn, from 1884, the main character was a son of __________, who was adopt by a respectable family. It was set in the ____________ village of St. Petersburg. Huck grows impatient with ________________ and plans to escape to ¿the territories¿ ¿ Indian lands. The ending gives the reader the counter-version of the classic American success myth: the open road leading to the pristine wilderness, away from the morally corrupting influences of ¿civilization.¿
	
	
	
	
	 
	an alcoholic bum / Mississippi River / civilized society
	
	
	an alcoholic lawyer / Mississippi River / civilized society
	
	
	an alcoholic bum / Mississippi River / uncivilized society
	
	
	an alcoholic bum / Mississippi Canyon / civilized society
	
	
	an alcoholic dummy / Mississippi River / civilized society
	
	
	
		3.
		During the Age of Reform, an expanding network of roads and canals united different sections of the country. Two new inventions revolutionized transportation, they were:
	
	
	
	
	
	the rotator and the railroad
	
	
	the electricity and bifocal eyeglasses
	
	
	the battery and conductor
	
	 
	the steamboat and the lightning rod
	
	 
	the steamboat and the railroad
	
	
	
		4.
		Huckleberry Finn has inspired countless literary interpretations. Clearly, the novel is a story of death, rebirth, and initiation. The escaped slave, Jim, becomes a father figure for Huck; in deciding to save Jim, Huck grows morally beyond the bounds of his slave-owning society. It is Jim¿s adventures that initiate Huck into the:
	
	
	
	
	 
	complexities of human nature and give him moral courage.
	
	
	complexities of animal nature and give him moral courage.
	
	
	complexities of human nature and give him no moral courage.
	
	
	facilities of human nature and give him moral courage.
	
	
	complexities of human nature and give him immoral courage.
	
	
	
		5.
		The ideas of realism were profoundly liberating and potentially at odds with society. The most well-known example is Huck Finn, a poor boy who decides to follow the voice of his conscience and help a Negro slave escape to freedom, even though Huck thinks this means that:
	
	
	
	
	 
	he will be damned to hell for breaking the law.
	
	
	he will be blessed to hell for breaking the law.
	
	
	he will be damned to heaven for breaking the law.
	
	
	he will be damned to hell for no-breaking the law.
	
	
	he will be damned to hell for breaking the chains.
	
	
	
		6.
		For __________________of the late 19th century, realism was not merely a literary technique: It was a way of speaking truth and exploding worn-out conventions.
	
	
	
	
	
	Nathaniel Hawthorne and other American writers
	
	
	Emily Dickinson and other American writers
	
	
	Herman Melville and other American writers
	
	
	Walt Whitman and other American writers
	
	 
	Mark Twain and other American writers
	
	
	
		7.
		Twain's style is based on colloquial American speech full of realism and definitely gave American writers a new way of expressing their ------------------.
	
	
	
	
	 
	romantic characteristics
	
	
	strange tales
	
	 
	national voice
	
	
	sad stories
	
	
	European style
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		8.
		Twain ´s writing clearly contributes to the movement of Realism because he
	
	
	
	
	
	writes romantic tales
	
	 
	paints humans as heroes who overcome anything
	
	
	views humans as naturally sinful people capable of good and bad things equally
	
	
	writes about ancient values
	
	 
	he represents life in an ideal way
	
		There was a dark underside to American Romanticism. It took a variety of forms, including a fascination with disease, madness, death, evil, the supernatural, and the destructive aspects of nature. It was a characteristic of:
	
	
	
	
	
	The power of exactness
	
	
	The power of clearness
	
	
	The danger of darkness
	
	
	The power of lightness
	
	 
	The power of darkness
	
	
	
		2.
		Moby Dick was a novel that could show the variety of ------------in the United States.
	
	
	
	
	
	shops
	
	
	religions
	
	
	navigation maps
	
	 
	races
	
	
	ships
	
	
	
		3.
		The American Revolution, from a psychohistorical viewpoint, parallels an adolescent rebellion away from the parent-figure of England and the larger family of the British Empire. Puritanism and its Protestant offshoots may have further weakened the family by preaching that the individual¿s first responsibility was to save his or her own soul. These characteristics can be seen in the masterpieces of:
	
	
	
	
	
	Emily Dickinson
	
	
	James Lowell
	
	
	Henry Longfellow
	
	
	James Lowell Henry Longfellow Stephen Crane Nathaniel Hawthorne Emily Dickinson
	
	 
	Nathaniel Hawthorne
	
	
	
		4.
		Choose the option which best completes the following sentence:The majority of Hawthorne's work focuses on New England, based on moral values with
	
	
	
	
	
	modern themes
	
	
	french ideals
	
	
	strange locations
	
	 
	a puritan inspiration
	
	
	a logical planning
	
	
	
		5.
		Choose the option which best completes the following sentence: In Moby Dick, Melville satirizes
	
	
	
	
	 
	religious values
	
	
	historical values
	
	
	women
	
	
	whales
	
	
	sea stories
	
	
	
		6.
		____________ has been called a ¿natural epic¿ ¿ a magnificent dramatization of the human spirit set in primitive nature ¿ because of its hunter myth, its initiation theme, its Edenic island symbolism, its positive treatment of pre-technological peoples, and its quest for rebirth.
	
	
	
	
	
	The Woman¿s Bible
	
	
	Uncle Tom¿s Cabin
	
	
	The Last of the Mohicans
	
	 
	Moby-Dick
	
	
	Hobomok
	
	
	
		7.
		When we read Nathaniel Hawthorne's books , we can clearly identify him as a:
	
	
	
	
	 
	Transcendentalist
	
	
	Puritan
	
	
	Religious
	
	 
	Dark Romantic
	
	
	Revolutionay
	
	
	
		8.
		Choose the option which best completes the following sentence: In Moby Dick, the sea represents a transitional placefrom men´s ideals to women´s ideals.
	
	
	from inner space to outer space
	
	
	in the expression of moral values.
	
	
	in the levels of sadness characters present
	
	 
	from an uncivilized to a civilized society
		Moby Dick is considered to be an ambitious novel for the time. That was a documentary of life at sea and a unique metaphor of ---------------in general.
	
	
	
	
	
	love
	
	
	friendship
	
	
	desire
	
	 
	life
	
	
	aging
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		2.
		- Despite his patrician upbringing, proud family traditions, and hard work, _____________ found himself in poverty with no college education. At 19 he went to sea. His interest in sailors¿ lives grew naturally out of his own experiences, and most of his early novels grew out of his voyages. In these we see the young wide, democratic experience and hatred of tyranny and injustice of:
	
	
	
	
	 
	Herman Melville
	
	
	Edgar Allan Poe
	
	
	Henry Longfellow
	
	
	Emily Dickinson
	
	
	Nathaniel Hawthorne
	
	
	
		3.
		In the Romantic Period - 1820 to 1860, the Romance form is dark and forbidding, indicating how difficult it is to create an identity without a stable society. Most of the Romantic heroes die in the end: All the sailors except Ishmael are drowned in ____________, and the sensitive but sinful minister Arthur Dimmesdale dies at the end of _______________.
	
	
	
	
	
	Leaves of Grass and The Scarlet Letter
	
	
	The Minister¿s Black Veil and Moby- Dick
	
	
	Moby- Dick and Leaves of Grass
	
	 
	Moby- Dick and The Scarlet Letter
	
	
	The Minister¿s Black Veil and The Scarlet Letter
	1a Questão (Ref.: 201407541931)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	The title page of Anne Bradstreet's first book assures readers that she did not shirk her responsibilities as a wife and mother in order to write poetry. The poems were said to be:
		
	
	" the deep cultural conflict between New England¿s Native American and European inhabitants"
	
	" The formation of alliances by the Native Americans against the settlers"
	
	" the history of hurricane survivors"
	 
	¿the fruit of some few hours, curtailed from sleep and other refreshments.¿
	
	" a realistic, if biased, account of Native Americans"
		
	
	
	 2a Questão (Ref.: 201407541930)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	Who was the first published poet in America¿a remarkable accomplishment considering that writing was thought improper for a woman at that time?
		
	
	Anne Wordsworth
	 
	Anne Bradstreet
	
	Anne Woodbridge
	
	Anne Bradford
	
	Anne Broadstock
		
	
	
	 3a Questão (Ref.: 201407541947)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	By the time of the Declaration of Independence, American literary patriots felt sure that the great American Revolution naturally would find expression in the epic. The concept of epic is:
		
	
	a long, dramatic narrative poetry in elevated language, celebrating the feats of a legendary hero.
	
	a long, dramatic narrative poem in elevated language, celebrating the fears of a legendary hero.
	
	a short, dramatic narrative poem in elevated language, celebrating the feats of a legendary hero.
	 
	a long, dramatic narrative poem in elevated language, celebrating the feats of a legendary hero.
	
	a long, dramatic descriptive poem in elevated language, celebrating the feats of a legendary hero.
		
	
	
	 4a Questão (Ref.: 201407541963)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	Poe¿s verse, like that of many southerners, was very musical and strictly metrical. His best-known poem, in his own lifetime and today, is:
		
	
	The Raven (1844)
	
	The Heaven (1843)
	 
	 The Raven (1845)
	
	The Heaven (1845)
	
	The Raven (1846)
		
	
	
	 5a Questão (Ref.: 201407541962)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	Many Romantics were drawn to the nonrational side of human nature, such as the emotions, imagination, intuition¿even evil and insanity. They were also fascinated by remote periods of history and exotic places. All these interests came together in the type of writing known as:
		
	 
	Gothic literature
	
	Critical literature
	
	Lyric literature
	
	Epic literature
	
	Classical Literature
		 Gabarito Comentado.
	
	
	 6a Questão (Ref.: 201407541938)
	Acerto: 0,0  / 1,0
	The 18th-century American Enlightenment was a movement marked by an emphasis on:
		
	
	tradition rather than rationality, scientific inquiry instead of unquestioning religious dogma, and representative government in place of monarchy. .
	
	tradition rather than rationality, scientific inquiry instead of unquestioning religious dogma, and representative parliament in place of monarchy. .
	
	rationality rather than tradition, scientific inquiry instead of questioning religious dogma, and representative government in place of parliament.
	 
	rationality rather than tradition, scientific inquisition instead of unquestioning religious dogma, and representative government in place of monarchy.
	 
	rationality rather than tradition, scientific inquiry instead of unquestioning religious dogma, and representative government in place of monarchy.
		
	
	
	 7a Questão (Ref.: 201408071346)
	Acerto: 0,0  / 1,0
	Twain ´s writing clearly contributes to the movement of Realism because he
		
	
	writes romantic tales
	
	he represents life in an ideal way
	
	writes about ancient values
	 
	paints humans as heroes who overcome anything
	 
	views humans as naturally sinful people capable of good and bad things equally
		
	
	
	 8a Questão (Ref.: 201407542413)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	The ideas of realism were profoundly liberating and potentially at odds with society. The most well-known example is Huck Finn, a poor boy who decides to follow the voice of his conscience and help a Negro slave escape to freedom, even though Huck thinks this means that:
		
	
	he will be damned to heaven for breaking the law.
	
	he will be damned to hell for breaking the chains.
	 
	he will be damned to hell for breaking the law.
	
	he will be blessed to hell for breaking the law.
	
	he will be damned to hell for no-breaking the law.
		
	
	
	 9a Questão (Ref.: 201407542386)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	The American Revolution, from a psychohistorical viewpoint, parallels an adolescent rebellion away from the parent-figure of England and the larger family of the British Empire. Puritanism and its Protestant offshoots may have further weakened the family by preaching that the individual¿s first responsibility was to save his or her own soul. These characteristics can be seen in the masterpieces of:
		
	
	Henry Longfellow
	
	James Lowell Henry Longfellow Stephen Crane Nathaniel Hawthorne Emily Dickinson
	
	Emily Dickinson
	 
	Nathaniel Hawthorne
	
	James Lowell
		
	
	
	 10a Questão (Ref.: 201408172745)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	Choose the option which best completes the following sentence: In Moby Dick, the sea represents a transitional place
		
	
	in the expression of moral values.
	
	from men´s ideals to women´s ideals.
	
	from inner space to outer space
	
	in the levels of sadness characters present
	 
	from an uncivilized to a civilized society
		
	1a Questão (Ref.: 201407934598)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	The ____________ was the only religious reference recognized by The Puritans.
		
	
	Torah
	
	Gita
	
	Koran
	
	Tipitaka
	 
	Bible
		 Gabarito Comentado.
	
	
	 2a Questão (Ref.: 201408063468)
	Acerto:1,0  / 1,0
	Anne Bradstreet was a woman who wrote -------------in the 17th century. She represented the heart of American women at that time.
		
	
	lesson plans
	
	recipes
	
	novels
	
	fairy tales
	 
	poems
		
	
	
	 3a Questão (Ref.: 201407970651)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	In "The fall of the House of Usher", the atmosphere of the short story is best described as:
		
	
	happy
	
	hopeful
	 
	gloomy
	
	indifferent
	
	relaxing
		 Gabarito Comentado.
	
	
	 4a Questão (Ref.: 201408057754)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	The gothic inspiration in Poe´s work is expressed by
		
	
	the value given to the self
	
	the modernist characteristics found in Poe´s stories
	 
	the gloomy side of human nature
	
	the light side of human nature
	
	the happy stories told by the writer
		
	
	
	 5a Questão (Ref.: 201407542385)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	_________________was a daring and even subversive book. It treated issues that were usually suppressed in 19thcentury America, such as the impact of the new, liberating democratic experience on individual behavior, especially on sexual and religious freedom.
		
	
	A Fable for Critics
	
	The Pit and the Pendulum
	
	Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym.
	
	The Raven
	 
	The Scarlet Letter
		
	
	
	 6a Questão (Ref.: 201407541970)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	____________ is recognized as one of Emerson¿s most important works. At the time of its anonymous publication, however, it received little attention. In fact, during his lifetime, Emerson was better known as an orator than as an essayist.
		
	
	Union
	
	Nation
	
	Power
	
	Ocean
	 
	Nature
		
	
	
	 7a Questão (Ref.: 201408057769)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	Twain ´s writing clearly contributes to the movement of Realism because he
		
	 
	paints humans as heroes who overcome anything
	
	he represents life in an ideal way
	
	writes about ancient values
	
	views humans as naturally sinful people capable of good and bad things equally
	
	writes romantic tales
		
	
	
	 8a Questão (Ref.: 201408060092)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	Twain's style is based on colloquial American speech full of realism and definitely gave American writers a new way of expressing their ------------------.
		
	
	romantic characteristics
	 
	national voice
	
	sad stories
	
	European style
	
	strange tales
		 Gabarito Comentado.
	
	
	 9a Questão (Ref.: 201408060106)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	Moby Dick is considered to be an ambitious novel for the time. That was a documentary of life at sea and a unique metaphor of ---------------in general.
		
	
	aging
	
	love
	
	friendship
	
	desire
	 
	life
		 Gabarito Comentado.
	
	
	 10a Questão (Ref.: 201407542403)
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	- Despite his patrician upbringing, proud family traditions, and hard work, _____________ found himself in poverty with no college education. At 19 he went to sea. His interest in sailors¿ lives grew naturally out of his own experiences, and most of his early novels grew out of his voyages. In these we see the young wide, democratic experience and hatred of tyranny and injustice of:
		
	
	Henry Longfellow
	
	Emily Dickinson
	
	Edgar Allan Poe
	 
	Herman Melville
	
	Nathaniel Hawthorne
		
		In Realism,all the literary content is simple and not more important than the characters. The characters usually belong to the ---------------.
	
	
	
	
	
	educated classes.
	
	
	foreign classes.
	
	
	upper classes.
	
	 
	middle class.
	
	
	high society.
	
	
	
		2.
		Choose the word which best completes the following sentence; In fact, the Realism was a writing technique used to mean a subject matter. Besides, it was a reaction against the ---------------in a more systematized way.
	
	
	
	
	
	the Revolutionary Period writers
	
	
	Puritanism
	
	 
	The Romanticism
	
	
	the British literature
	
	
	the Colonial literature
	
	
	
		3.
		The rise of __________ in the United States can be traced to disillusionment following the Civil War. For many, the war had destroyed the Romantic view of humanity.
	
	
	
	
	 
	Realism
	
	
	Romanticism
	
	
	Cubism
	
	
	Naturalism
	
	
	Modernism
	
	
	
		4.
		The United States changed rapidly after the Civil War. American writers reacted to these changes by turning away from Romanticism toward ___________, a literary movement whose writers depicted life as they saw it, not as they imagined it to be.
	
	
	
	
	 
	Realism
	
	
	Modernism
	
	
	Romanticism
	
	
	Cubism
	
	
	Naturalism
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		5.
		The gap between rich and poor Americans widened greatly, and a few so-called robber barons became enormously wealthy as a result of the labors of their employees. Cities were______________, and the poor were forced to live in tenement houses that were crowded, dirty, and unsafe.
	
	
	
	
	
	overestimated
	
	 
	overpopulated
	
	
	overexposed
	
	
	overjoyed
	
	
	overlooked
	
	
	
		6.
		In Huckleberry Finn, the author questioned
	
	
	
	
	
	the cooperation between the white people and slaves
	
	
	the foolish idea of Tom helping Jim to reach freedom.
	
	
	the good life conditions slaves had
	
	 
	the morality of white southerners
	
	 
	the happy life people lived by the Mississipi river
	
	
	
		7.
		Choose the word which best completes the following sentence: The Realism is a literary movement that shows life without idealizing it. It also focuses on the everyday, and on the ideology of ------------ reality of ideas.
	
	
	
	
	
	local
	
	
	special
	
	 
	objective
	
	
	subjective
	
	
	interior
	
	
	
		8.
		______________is essentially a literary expression of determinism. Associated with bleak, realistic depictions of lower-class life, determinism denies religion as a motivating force in the world and instead perceives the universe as a machine.
	
	
	
	
	
	Romanticism / Cubism
	
	
	Romanticism / Modernism
	
	 
	Romanticism / Naturalism
	
	 
	Romanticism / Realism
	
	
	Romanticism / Impressionism
		Like _______________, _______________ first appeared in Europe. It is usually traced to the works of Honoré de Balzac in the 1840s and seen as a French literary movement associated with Gustave Flaubert, Edmond and Jules Goncourt, Émile Zola, and Guy de Maupassant.
	
	
	
	
	 
	Romanticism / Naturalism
	
	 
	Romanticism / Realism
	
	
	Romanticism / Cubism
	
	
	Romanticism / Impressionism
	
	
	Romanticism / Modernism
	
	
	
		2.
		Business boomed after the Civil War. It production had boosted industry in the North and given it prestige and political clout. It also gave industrial leaders valuable experience in the management of men and machines. The enormous natural resources ¿ iron, coal, oil, gold, and silver ¿ of the American land benefitted business. The new ______________, inaugurated in 1869, and the ________________, which began operating in 1861, gave industry access to materials, markets, and communications. The constant influx of immigrants provided a seemingly endless supply of inexpensive labor as well.
	
	
	
	
	
	continental rail system,transcontinental telegraph
	
	
	intercontinental road system, transcontinental telegraph
	
	 
	intercontinental rail system, continental telegraph
	
	
	continental road system, transcontinental telegraph
	
	 
	intercontinental rail system, transcontinental telegraph
	
	
	
		3.
		The United States changed rapidly after the Civil War. American writers reacted to these changes by turning away from Romanticism toward ___________, a literary movement whose writers depicted life as they saw it, not as they imagined it to be.
	
	
	
	
	
	Romanticism
	
	
	Naturalism
	
	
	Modernism
	
	 
	Realism
	
	
	Cubism
		During the Age of Reform, in the 1820s, idealistic Americans began an eager rush to improve American society, producing an outburst of reform movements. Some of these movements were:
	
	
	
	
	
	The organizations to sustain slavery, to maintain the free trade drinks, secure women¿s rights, provide better care for the mentally ill, and improve prisons.
	
	 
	The organizations to end slavery, stop drunkenness, secure women¿s rights, provide better care for the mentally ill, and improve prisons.
	
	
	The organizations to secure women¿s rights, provide better care for the mentally ill, and close prisons.
	
	
	The organizations to provide better care for the mentally ill, and improve prisons and to maintain slavery.
	
	
	The organizations to maintain slavery, secure women¿s rights, provide better care for the mentally ill, and improve prisons.
	
	
	
		2.
		_____________belonged to an aristocratic New York family with ancestry dating back three centuries. As a daughter of society , her role was to learn the mannerisms and rituals expected of well-bred young women in those days. Later she would rebel against this role but as a child she was schooled at home and had the privilege of use of her father's extensive library. She was privately educated at home and in Europe.
	
	
	
	
	
	Harriet Jacobs
	
	 
	Edith Wharton
	
	
	Sarah Orne Jewett
	
	
	Harriet Beecher Stowe
	
	
	Mary Wilkins Freeman
	
	
	
		3.
		"_______________ is the belief that the world around us is always improving. Some American Romantics presented an optimistic view of the possibility of human progress, based in part on a democratic confidence in the ability of ordinary individuals to better themselves, their political system, and society."
	
	
	
	
	
	Liberalism
	
	 
	Enlightenment
	
	
	Humanism
	
	 
	Optimism
	
	
	Rationalism
	
	
	
		4.
		The term Naturalism was invented by-------------- mainly to impress the reading public that something updated was about to occur in his fiction.
	
	
	
	
	
	Sinclair Lewis
	
	 
	Emile Zola
	
	
	Anne Bradstreet
	
	
	Benjamin Franklin
	
	
	Jean Paul Sartre
	
	
	
		5.
		The Naturalism focused on the human nature, controlled by their passions and instincts, the same way the characters were directed related to their environment and heredity. Needless to say, this movement became a logical extension of ------------------.
	
	
	
	
	
	Modernism
	
	
	Puritanism
	
	 
	Realism
	
	
	Romanticism
	
	
	Transcendentalism
	
	
	
		6.
		Many consider The Age of Innocence to be the best of Edith Wharton's literature. It has been described as a "masterful portrait of desire and betrayal set in the New York of her youth." The book is a historical novel, describing the events of a New York long since changed. In fact, the original title of the book was ________________. The novel describes her own adolescence.
	
	
	
	
	
	The Conjure Woman
	
	
	Babbitt
	
	 
	Old New York
	
	
	Virginia
	
	
	The Grapes of Wrath
	
	
	
		7.
		Choose the word which best completes the following sentence: There is a conflict in naturalistic novels, in which man is often against nature or against himself. Consequently, the characters fight for the civilization against pressures that threaten to release the 'brute within'" (Campbell). This way, nature is indifferent to man and the universe is --------------
	
	
	
	
	
	crowded
	
	 
	deterministic
	
	
	global
	
	
	subjective
	
	
	empty
	
	
	
		8.
		___________________ between the industrial North and the agricultural, slave-owning South was a watershed in American history. The innocent optimism of the young democratic nation gave way, after the war, to a period of exhaustion. American idealism remained but was rechanneled.
	
	
	
	
	
	The U.S. Civil War (1860-1865)
	
	
	The U.S. Civil War (1861-1866)
	
	 
	The U.S. Civil War (1861-1865)
	
	
	The U.S. Civil War (1860-1866)
	
	
	The U.S. Civil War (1861-1864)
	
		____________ was an American novelist, short story writer, poet and journalist. Prolific throughout his short life, he wrote notable works in the Realist tradition as well as early examples of American Naturalism and Impressionism. He is recognized by modern critics as one of the most innovative writers of his generation.
	
	
	
	
	
	Emily Dickinson
	
	 
	Stephen Crane
	
	
	Henry Longfellow
	
	
	Nathaniel Hawthorne
	
	
	James Lowell
	
	
	
		2.
		As industrialization grew, so did alienation. Characteristic American novels of the period " _________________ "  depict the damage of economic forces and alienation on the weak or vulnerable individual.
	
	
	
	
	
	Theodore Dreiser¿s, An American Tragedy and Harriet Wilson, Our Nig
	
	
	Stephen Crane¿s, Maggie: A Girl of the Streets and Harriet Wilson, Our Nig
	
	
	Theodore Dreiser¿s, An American Tragedy and Frederick Douglass, An American Slave
	
	 
	Stephen Crane¿s, Maggie: A Girl of the Streets and Jack London¿s, Martin Eden
	
	
	Jack London¿s, Martin Eden and Harriet Jacobs, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl,
	
	
	
		3.
		Naturalistic writers believed governmental laws were supposed to be interpreted through the objective study of human beings. Besides, the writers used this --------------- as raw material to write their novels.
	
	
	
	
	
	historical data
	
	
	logical outline
	
	
	moral code
	
	
	romantic pattern
	
	 
	scientific method
	
	
	
		4.
		Choose the option which does not describe the Naturalism:
	
	
	
	
	
	Observation of a darker side of life.
	
	
	Detached method of narration;
	
	
	Characters from lower socioeconomic class;
	
	 
	Character determined by heredity;
	
	 
	Nature as a source of intuition
	
	
	
		5.
		_______________ is an artistic movement that manifests itself in the second half of the nineteenth century. It is characterized by the intention of an objective approach to reality and the interest in social issues. The ideological engagement causes often shaped and situations described are exaggerated to strengthen social denunciation.
	
	
	
	
	
	Naturalism
	
	
	Modernism
	
	
	Romanticism
	
	
	Cubism
	
	 
	Realism
	
	
	
		6.
		At the time of his death, Crane had become an important figure in American literature. He was nearly forgotten, however, until two decades later when critics revived interest in his life and work. Stylistically, Crane's writing is characterized by:
	
	
	
	
	 
	descriptive vividness and intensity, as well as distinctive dialects and liberty.
	
	
	descriptive vividness and intensity,as well as distinctive dialects and tyranny.
	
	
	descriptive vividness and intensity, as well as distinctive alphabets and irony.
	
	
	descriptive vividness and intensity, as well as distinctive dialects and dignity.
	
	 
	descriptive vividness and intensity, as well as distinctive dialects and irony.
	
	
	
		7.
		When World War I began, Edith Wharton was in the middle of it. She traveled extensively by motorcar, helped untiringly with refugees in Paris during the first World War, and actually only returned once again in her lifetime to the United States to accept the Pulitzer prize for her novel:
	
	
	
	
	
	Our Nig.
	
	
	The Great Gatsby.
	
	
	Virginia.
	
	
	An American Slave.
	
	 
	The Age of Innocence.
	
	
	
		8.
		Many American Romantics believed in the beneficial effects of a close link between humanity and nature. This belief coexisted with a concern that the spread of industry and new technology threatened the natural world and isolated people from it. It was a characteristic of:
	
	
	
	
	
	Kinship with Enlightenment
	
	
	Aversion to Nature
	
	 
	Kinship with Nature
	
	
	Kinship with Reality
	
	
	Aversion to Humanism
		Toni Morrison has suggested that though her novels are consummate works of art, they contain________________: ¿I am not interested in indulging myself in some private exercise of my imagination...yes, the work must be political.¿ In __________, Morrison won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
	
	
	
	
	 
	cultural meanings /1993
	
	
	political meanings / 1994
	
	
	political meanings /1995
	
	
	economical meanings / 1994 political meanings /1993
	
	 
	political meanings /1993
	
	
	
		2.
		______________is essentially a literary expression of determinism. Associated with bleak, realistic depictions of lower-class life, determinism denies religion as a motivating force in the world and instead perceives the universe as a machine.
	
	
	
	
	
	Cubism
	
	
	Romanticism
	
	 
	Naturalism
	
	 
	Realism
	
	
	Modernism
	
	
	
		3.
		_____________belonged to an aristocratic New York family with ancestry dating back three centuries. As a daughter of society , her role was to learn the mannerisms and rituals expected of well-bred young women in those days. Later she would rebel against this role but as a child she was schooled at home and had the privilege of use of her father's extensive library. She was privately educated at home and in Europe.
	
	
	
	
	
	Harriet Beecher Stowe
	
	
	Mary Wilkins Freeman
	
	
	Harriet Jacobs
	
	 
	Edith Wharton
	
	
	Sarah Orne Jewett
	
	
	
		4.
		During the Age of Reform, in the 1820s, idealistic Americans began an eager rush to improve American society, producing an outburst of reform movements. Some of these movements were:
	
	
	
	
	
	The organizations to provide better care for the mentally ill, and improve prisons and to maintain slavery.
	
	
	The organizations to sustain slavery, to maintain the free trade drinks, secure women¿s rights, provide better care for the mentally ill, and improve prisons.
	
	
	The organizations to secure women¿s rights, provide better care for the mentally ill, and close prisons.
	
	
	The organizations to maintain slavery, secure women¿s rights, provide better care for the mentally ill, and improve prisons.
	
	 
	The organizations to end slavery, stop drunkenness, secure women¿s rights, provide better care for the mentally ill, and improve prisons.
	
	
	
		5.
		"_______________ is the belief that the world around us is always improving. Some American Romantics presented an optimistic view of the possibility of human progress, based in part on a democratic confidence in the ability of ordinary individuals to better themselves, their political system, and society."
	
	
	
	
	
	Liberalism
	
	 
	Optimism
	
	
	Enlightenment
	
	
	Humanism
	
	
	Rationalism
	
	
	
		6.
		The term Naturalism was invented by-------------- mainly to impress the reading public that something updated was about to occur in his fiction.
	
	
	
	
	
	Jean Paul Sartre
	
	
	Sinclair Lewis
	
	
	Anne Bradstreet
	
	
	Benjamin Franklin
	
	 
	Emile Zola
	
	
	
		7.
		The Naturalism focused on the human nature, controlled by their passions and instincts, the same way the characters were directed related to their environment and heredity. Needless to say, this movement became a logical extension of ------------------.
	
	
	
	
	
	Romanticism
	
	
	Puritanism
	
	 
	Realism
	
	
	Modernism
	
	
	Transcendentalism
	
	
	
		8.
		Many consider The Age of Innocence to be the best of Edith Wharton's literature. It has been described as a "masterful portrait of desire and betrayal set in the New York of her youth." The book is a historical novel, describing the events of a New York long since changed. In fact, the original title of the book was ________________. The novel describes her own adolescence.
	
	
	
	
	
	Babbitt
	
	 
	Old New York
	
	
	The Grapes of Wrath
	
	
	The Conjure Woman
	
	
	Virginia
		The figure in the carpet is a critical story interpreted as a paradigm for theories that believes literature never tells the truth and even that truth is nonsense. Consequently, the stories turn out to be --------, starting with names from Latin referring to truth, vere-care, for instance, was the name of the main character. In other words, it means a person who really cares about truth.
	
	
	
	
	
	happy
	
	
	difficult
	
	 
	ironical
	
	
	sad
	
	
	simple
	
	
	
		2.
		Henry James was one of the first famous novelists to use modernist, stream-of-consciousness techniques. That made him also use an aesthetic approach that reveled the process of "showing" rather than a simple act of ---------------
	
	
	
	
	 
	telling
	
	
	listening
	
	
	writing
	
	
	fighting
	
	
	reading
	
	
	
		3.
		Henry James made use of the technique of the stream of consciouness and that means he was interested in the ----------of the characters he created.
	
	
	
	
	
	style
	
	
	historical records
	
	
	bodies
	
	 
	minds
	
	
	actions
	
	
	
		4.
		All this psychoanalytic aspect of James´ painterly style is due to the influence and awareness owed much to his remarkable family. His father, for instance, was .....
	
	
	
	
	
	a psychologist and a theologian
	
	 
	a philosopher and theologian
	
	
	a psychiatrist and a philosopher
	
	
	philosopher and college professor
	
	
	a professor and a theologian
	
	
	
		5.
		This is one of the Latin expressions used by James in "The figure in the carpet" and it means "a person who really cares about truth¿.
	
	
	
	
	
	status quo
	
	 
	vere-care
	
	
	sine qua non
	
	
	carpe diem
	
	
	persona non grata
	
	
	
		6.
		An important feature of James¿ characters is that, even considering the subjective aspect of their personalities, each of them will always accept his/her realistic nature. How does James do this so?
	
	
	
	
	
	By creating round characters only.
	
	 
	By assuring that each character acts in a consistent manner throughout the whole novel.
	
	
	By showing a frequent change in thecharacters' behaviors.
	
	
	By creating flat characters only.
	
	
	By assuring intelligent dialogues among characters.
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		7.
		If the main theme of _____________¿s work is appearance and reality, ___________¿s constant concern is perception. In James, only self-awareness and clear perception of others yields wisdom and self-sacrificing love.
	
	
	
	
	 
	Mark Twain / Henry James
	
	
	Mark Twain / Stephen Crane
	
	
	Mark Twain / Walt Whitman
	
	
	Walt Whitman / Henry James
	
	 
	Stephen Crane / Henry James
	
	
	
		8.
		The altar of the dead is a short story by Henry James based on a fable of literally --------- significance. This work was first published in his collection entitled Terminations in 1895 after the story failed of magazine publication.
	
	
	
	
	 
	life and death
	
	
	social events
	
	
	special registers
	
	
	sad stories
	
	
	historical events
		Henry James once wrote that art, especially literary art, ¿makes life, makes interest, makes importance.¿ James¿s fiction and criticism is the most highly conscious, sophisticated, and difficult of its era. With Twain, James is generally ranked as the greatest American novelist of the:
	
	
	
	
	 
	first half of the19th century.
	
	 
	second half of the19th century.
	
	
	first half of the17th century.
	
	
	second half of the17th century.
	
	
	second half of the18th century.
	
	
	
		2.
		Choose the option which best completes the following sentence: As a great prose writer in American Literature, James ´ artistic intentions and evolving literary style reflected the transition from the Victorian to ---------------------- in English literature.
	
	
	
	
	
	the Ancient times
	
	
	Classical literature
	
	
	Revolutionary literature
	
	 
	the Modern times
	
	
	Puritan values
		The Age of Innocence writen by Edith Wharton is a brilliant, sharply ironic portrayal of the changing scene of fashionable American life in--------
	
	
	
	
	
	Italy
	
	
	Chicago
	
	
	London
	
	 
	Old New York
	
	
	Boston
	
	
	
		2.
		Considering American Literature timeline, writer Edith Wharton wrote in the:
	
	
	
	
	
	17th Century
	
	
	20th Century
	
	
	21st Century
	
	
	18th Century
	
	 
	19th Century
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		3.
		Edith Wharton broke out of the conventional views of her time becoming the first woman to win the ___________________ for fiction.
	
	
	
	
	
	Nobel Prize
	
	
	American Book Awards
	
	 
	Pulitzer Prize
	
	
	America Award
	
	
	Franz Kafka Prize
	
	
	
		4.
		Consider the following statements about Edith Wharton's writing style: I-Although Wharton was a wealthy person, she used to confront social problems with sympathy. II- Wharton was deeply conservative, opposed to socialism. III- Wharton placed unlovable women in her novels and used it as the most powerful weapon to create sympathy for them. Which option is correct?
	
	
	
	
	
	Only statement I is true
	
	
	Only statement II and III are true
	
	 
	All three statements are true
	
	
	Only statement III is true
	
	
	Only statements I and III are true
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		5.
		The Age of Innocence written by Edith Wharton, a realist American writer, was published in-------and won the Pulitzer Prize.
	
	
	
	
	
	2004
	
	
	1666
	
	
	1806
	
	
	1700
	
	 
	1920
	
	
	
		6.
		All characteristics bellow can be applied to Edith Wharton's personality, EXCEPT for:
	
	
	
	
	
	energetic
	
	
	interesting
	
	
	thinker
	
	
	curious
	
	 
	charming
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		7.
		______________________ is one of Wharton's most famous works.
	
	
	
	
	 
	The age of innocence
	
	
	The Altar of the Dead
	
	
	Ghosts
	
	
	City of Glass
	
	
	Hucky Finn
		Paul Auster searched for ---------and personal meaning in his works.
	
	
	
	
	
	republican distinctions
	
	 
	identity
	
	
	traditional values
	
	
	money
	
	
	happiness
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		2.
		All the following are Auster's works EXCEPT for....
	
	
	
	
	
	The City of glass
	
	 
	The Other Two
	
	
	Ghosts
	
	
	New York trilogy
	
	
	The locked room
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		3.
		Paul Auster uses the detective form to address existential issues and questions of identity, space, language, and literature, creating his own distinctively ---------------- form in the process.
	
	
	
	
	
	realist
	
	
	puritan
	
	
	transcendental
	
	 
	postmodern
	
	
	romantic
	
	
	
		4.
		Auster gained recognition for a series of three loosely connected detective stories published collectively as---------------.
	
	
	
	
	
	Death of a salesman
	
	
	A streetcar named Desire
	
	 
	The New York Trilogy
	
	
	The House of Mirth
	
	
	The old man and the sea
	
	
	
		5.
		Edgar Allan Poe, Samuel Beckett, and Herman Melville have also had a strong influence on Auster's writing. Not only do their characters reappear in Auster's work (such as William Wilson in City of Glass or Hawthorne's Fanshawe in The Locked Room, both from The New York Trilogy), Auster also uses variations on the ----------- of these writers.
	
	
	
	
	
	settings
	
	 
	themes
	
	
	life
	
	
	literary criticism
	
	
	conflicts
	
	
	
		6.
		In the options below, choose what are novels from Toni Morrison:
	
	
	
	
	 
	Beloved / Amanda
	
	
	The woman Warrior / The Color Purple
	
	 
	Beloved / The Color Purple
	
	
	Amanda / The Woman Warrior
	
	
	Song of Solomon / The Color Purple