Bouw van een Telecaster giuitar

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Houtsoorten.
Voor de bouw van mijn Tele heb ik Swamp-Ash voor de body gebruikt wat ook in de originele Telecaster
veel is toegepast. De hals is gemaakt van Maple (Esdoorn) en heb ik zo gekocht. Ik heb hem gespoten in een
vintage achtige gele tint met gekleurde transparante lak en vervolgens afgelakt met Polyurethaan blanke lak.
Iedere houtsoort heeft weer zijn eigen specifieke kenmerken en klankeigenschappen zodat het de moeite
waard is om hier even bij stil te staan.
Voor de bouw van gitaren zijn er, hoewel deze lijst niet volledig is, de volgende houtsoorten die veel worden
toegepast:
1. Ash of Essen(o.a. Fender Strat/Tele body's)
2. Mahonie (o.a. Gibson, PRS body's en necks)
3. Basswood of Linden (o.a. Fender, Ibanez body's)
4. Alder of Elzen (o.a. Fender Strat/Tele body's)
5. Maple of Esdoorn (wordt veel gebruikt voor guitartops in quilted en flamed tekening en birdseyemaple
voor gitaarhalzen)
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6. Bubinga (veel gebruikte houtsoort op basgitaren)
7. Zebrawood (mooie houtsoort die zowel op elektrische als akoestische gitaren wordt gebruikt)
8. Purperhart (mooie exotische houtsoort met een paarse kleur)
9. Pallissander (veel gebruikt als toets en als body op akoestische gitaren, hierin zijn diverse soorten die veelal
benoemd worden naar hun herkomst, bv Rio Pallissander uit Rio)
 
10. Ebben (houtsoort die erg hard is, bijna zwart van kleur, en gebruikt wordt voor o.a toetsen en bruggen
op akoestische gitaren.)
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11. Korina in White and Black Korina
 
Voor meer informatie of specifieke houtkenmerken kun je kijken op de site van de Arnhemse Fijnhouthandel.
Zij hebben heel veel verschillende houtsoorten op voorraad en vaak ook "bodyblanks" waaruit je je eigen
gitaarbody kan zagen.
Het webadres is: www.af.nl en is absoluut een must voor instrumentbouwers om hier eens een kijkje te
nemen.
Enkele andere nuttige links om informatie te verzamelen of ideen op te doen zijn o.a:
www.houtinfo.nl
www.gitaarnet.nl/forum/viewtopic.php?t=39250
Hier nog wat info van de site van Warmoth (USA), www.warmoth.com die kwalitatief hoogwaardige maar
prijzige componenten levert.
Gerangschikt in alfabetische volgorde
Alder (Alnus rubra):
Alder is used extensively for bodies because of its lighter weight (about four pounds for
a Strat® body) and its full sound. It's closed grain makes this wood easy to finish.
Alder's natural color is a light tan with little or no distinct grain lines. Alder has been the
mainstay for Fender bodies for many years. It looks good with a sunburst or a solid
color finish. Because of its fine characteristics and lower price, Alder is our most
popular wood and it grows all around us here in Washington State.
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Ash (Fraxinus americana):
We have two very different types of Ash: Northern Hard Ash and Swamp Ash
(Southern Soft Ash). Northern Hard Ash is very hard, heavy and dense. A Strat®
body will normally weigh 5 lbs. and up. It's density contributes to a bright tone and a
long sustain which makes it very popular. It's color is creamy, but it also tends to have
heartwood featuring pink to brown tints. The grain pores are open and it takes a lot of
finish to fill them up. Swamp Ash is a prized wood for many reasons. It is a very musical
wood offering a very nice balance of brightness and warmth with a lot of "pop". It is a
fairly light weight wood which makes it easily distinguishable from Hard Ash. A Strat®
body will normally weigh under 5 lbs. Many of the 50's Fenders were made of Swamp
Ash. The grain is open and the color is creamy. This wood is a very nice choice for
clear finishes. Swamp Ash is our second most popular wood.
Basswood (Tilia americana):
This is a lighter weight wood normally producing Strat® bodies under 4 lbs. The color
is white, but often has nasty green mineral streaks in it. This is a closed-grain wood, but
it can absorb a lot of finish. This is not a good wood for clear finishes; It is quite soft,
and does not take abuse well. Soundwise, Basswood has a nice, warm tone.
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Bubinga (Guibourtia demeusei):
A very strong stiff wood used primarily for bass necks and in laminations. Used by
Rickenbacker for fretboards and Warwick for bodies. As a bass neck, it brings bright
midrange and a thick well defined bottom. Because of its weight it is best suited for
laminate tops.
Goncalo Alves (Astronium fraxini folium):
Very dense smooth texture with a waxy fast feel - no finish required. Color is tan with
darker chocolate stripes (used by Smith & Wesson for pistol grips). Articulate clean
warm tone. Primarily used as a Neck wood and laminate body tops.
Koa (Acacia koa):
This very beautiful wood comes exclusively from Hawaii making supply very limited. It's
weight varies somewhat from medium to heavy and is an excellent tone wood for bass
guitar bodies. Koa has a warm sound similar to mahogany, but with a little more
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brightness. Like walnut, this wood may be oiled, but generally will look its best sprayed
clear. Koa is sometimes available in flame figure.
Figured Koa (Acacia koa):
Koa is exceptionally beautiful when it develops the flame figure. Available only in thin
laminate tops and sometimes available in higher grades.
Korina, Black (Terminalia superba):
It's true name is Limba from Africa. Black Korina is usually a medium weight wood, but
we occasionally get light weight pieces. The tone is very similar to Mahogany. It
features a very handsome olive color with black streaking. This is a great wood for bass
guitars. Korina has a naturally waxy feel to it. Oil finishes work well on this wood.
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Korina, White (Terminalia superba):
* Currently Unavailable
It's true name is Limba from Africa. White Korina is a medium to heavy weight wood.
The tone is very similar to Mahogany. It features a light yellow/green color which looks
great with a yellow tinted finish. This is a great wood for bass guitars. Korina has a
naturally waxy feel to it. Oil finished work well on this wood.
Lacewood (Cardwellia sublimis):
Lacewood is imported from Australia. It's a medium weight wood. The grain design
ranges from very small spots to very large spots which create its signature reptilian
appearance. Lacewood looks best in the form of a bookmatched laminate top, but is
also available for solid bodies. The tone is similar to Alder.
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Mahogany (Khaya ivorensis):
We use African Mahonany in our production. It is a medium to heavy weight wood with
a Strat® body averaging 5 lbs. or more. Mahogany is a fine grained wood with good
musical properties. The tone is warm and full with good sustain. The grain is easy to fill.
Looks good with clear or transparent red finish.
Maple
(Acer saccharum-Hard Maple)
(Acer macrophyllum-Pacific Maple):
We offer two types of Maple: Eastern Hard Maple (hard rock maple) and Western
Soft Maple (big leaf maple). Hard Maple is a very hard, heavy and dense wood. This is
the same wood that we use on our necks. The grain is closed and very easy to finish.
The tone is very bright with longsustain and a lot of bite. This wood cannot be dyed. It
looks great with clear or transparent color finishes. Western Maple grows all around us
here in Washington state. It is usually much lighter weight than Hard Maple but it
features the same white color. It has bright tone with good bite and attack, but is not
brittle like the harder woods can be. Our flame ( fiddleback) and quilted bodies are
Western Maple. This type of maple works great with dye finishes.
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Flame Maple (Acer macrophyllum-Pacific Maple):
Flame, Fiddle-Back or Tiger maple all generally refer to curls (or stripes) as illustrated
here. Flame can be tight, wide, straight or crooked. While we can supply solid 1-piece
or 2-piece flame bodies, this wood is most beautiful in the form of a bookmatched
laminate top.
Quilted Maple (Acer macrophyllum-Pacific Maple):
Quilted maple is a more rare form of figure occurring mostly in western maple. It is
distinguished by its billowing cloud or even popcorn appearance. This figure can vary
from large, wide billows to tight small blisters. As with flame, quilted maple is most often
used as a bookmatched top, but is sometimes available as 1-piece or 2-piece solid
bodies.
Spalted Maple (Acer macrophyllum-Pacific Maple):
This wood is actually the product of a dead or decaying tree. The dark lines are created
by fungal attack. This wood is soft and punky and is only used as a laminate
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bookmatched top on flat top bodies with binding. Spalt is difficult to finish as it soaks up
a lot of finish. Don't even think about doing a "do-it-yourself" finish on this stuff. Each
piece of Spalted maple is quite unique. It looks awesome with a tobacco burst finish.
Birdseye Maple (Acer saccharum-Hard Maple):
This figure is only found in the eastern hard maple trees. Birdseye does not usually run
deep in the boards, so solid bodies are not available. As a bookmatched top it can be
quite striking.
Burl Maple (Acer macrophyllum-Pacific Maple):
This is a very busy looking wood usually with a lot of porosity and bark inclusions. We
only use this wood for bookmatched tops. Epoxy is used to fill all voids. Burl looks best
finished in a natural clear gloss.
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Padouk, African (Pterocarpus soyauxii):
Bright vivid orange color which oxidizes to a warm brown with use. This waxy feeling
wood has an open grain texture similar to rosewood and a tone similar to maple. It is
very stable in use and requires no finish — feels great to play on.
Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera):
This is another standard body wood having been used by many companies over the
years. Due to the grey/green color, this wood is used only when solid color finishes are
to be applied. It's weight generally runs about one half pound more than Alder. Tonally,
it is similar to Alder as well. Poplar is a closed grain wood that accepts finish well.
Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens):
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We have a nice stash of interesting figured redwood. It is available only as thin
bookmatched laminate tops on flat top solid bodies. While the figure is intense and
reflective, the depth isn't as dramatic as figured maple. It is not suitable for hollow
bodies.
Rosewood (Dalbergia baroni):
This is our heaviest wood with Strat® bodies always weighing in at well over 6 lbs.
We've used several different species depending on availability, but predominantly we
use Palisander Rosewood. The tone is warmer than maple, but the highs seem to be
dampened somewhat by the oily nature of the wood. Finishes can be a little difficult to
apply.
Brazilian Rosewood (Dalbergia nigra):
This is "Beautiful" wood with a wide range of colors, grain and patterns available in thin
bookmatched laminate tops only. We have a very limited supply and it is very
expensive.
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Sitka Spruce (Picea sitchensis):
Supplied quartersawn, this is the same wood used for acoustic guitar tops. Lightweight
but stiff, the color is creamy white. Available for laminate tops only.
Walnut (Juglans nigra):
Walnut is a heavy weight wood, but not quite as heavy as hard maple. It has a similar
sound to hard maple but it tends not to be as bright. Walnut is very beautiful with open
grain. Oil finishes work great on Walnut.
Figured Walnut (Juglans nigra):
The figure is predominantly flame. It is only available as a bookmatched laminate top.
This is a very handsome wood.
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Wenge (Millettia laurentii):
Wenge features black and chocolate brown stripes. It is usually quartersawn to yield
straight grain – similar to Zebrawood, but black.
Zebrawood (Microberlinia brazzavillensis):
This is another heavy weight wood with very open grain. It has a distinctive look with
light and dark brown stripes. Zebrawood is more commonly used as a laminate top. Its
weight and sound are similar to hard maple.