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Chopin's piano found in English country house
Wed Mar 21, 2007 12:46PM EDT
LONDON (Reuters)-The grand piano Frederic Chopin took on his last concert tour has been found in an English country house thanks to detective work by a Swiss musical scholar.
"It came as a bolt from the blue," said British collector Alec Cobbe after discovering that the piano he bought 20 years ago for 2,000 pounds is a piece of musical history.
For more than 150 years after the composer's death, Chopin's piano vanished until Professor Jean-Jacques Eigeldinger researched the ledgers of French pianomaker Camille Pleyel.
The scholar, who had met Cobbe at a Chopin conference, came to see the collector armed with details of where and to whom all the Pleyel pianos were sold.
By its serial number, he was able to identify Cobbe's piano as the one the Polish-born composer brought to Britain on a farewell tour in 1848.
"This really was a rare moment," Cobbe, a collector of antique keyboard instruments, told Reuters.
"There are only three other pianos known to have been possessed by Chopin. One is in Paris and one is in Majorca and neither of those work. The last is in Warsaw," he said.
"Ours works utterly beautifully. It is something very special when you are playing it."
Before leaving Britain to return to Paris after what turned out to be the last tour before his death, Chopin sold the Pleyel to an English aristocrat called Lady Trotter.
Bequeathed to one of her relatives, the piano ended up in a country mansion before being sent to auction and then sold to Cobbe by a dealer in antique pianos.
Chopin once remarked "Pleyel pianos are the last word in perfection." Now music fans can hear what the composer's music would have actually sounded like in his own salon.
1 - Quem encontrou o ultimo piano de Chopin?
a) Lady Trotter did.
b) Alec Cobbe did.
c) Camille Pleyel did.
d) Jean-Jacques Eigeldinger did
e) An detective did.
2 - Marque a alternativa falsa de acordo com o texto:
a) Chopin´s last piano was found in England.
b) Chopin´s last piano was bought for 2,000 pounds by Alec Cobbe in 1987.
c) Chopin´s last piano was made by Camille Pleyel.
d) Chopin´s last piano is a piece of musical history.
e) Chopin´s last piano has blue bolts in it.
3 - Um sinônimo para a expressão “It came as a bolt from the blue”.
a) It was a complete surprise!
b) It was such a success!
c) It was bad news
d) It was dirty!
e) It was completely out of place!
4 - Qual das alternativa abaixo não corresponde ao texto?
a) Professor Jean-Jacques Eigeldinger is Swiss.
b) Professor Jean-Jacques Eigeldinger works as a detective in Switzerland.
c) Professor Jean-Jacques Eigeldinger worked like a detective to find the piano.
d) Professor Jean-Jacques Eigeldingeris a musical scholar.
e) Professor Jean-Jacques Eigeldinger identified the piano buy its serial number.
5 - Marque a altenativa que é incorreta de acordo com o texto:
a) Chopin was born in Poland.
b) Chopin´s last tour before dying was in Britain.
c) Chopin possessed only three pianos.
d) Chopin said Peyel pianos were perfect.
e) Chopin´s last piano works absolutely well.
Male body image
Maybe it’s a shift in society; maybe it’s entirely thanks to David Beckham, but one way or another men have started to care about the way they look.
What a great figure
New figures show that the market amongst young men for plastic surgery is bigger than ever; it has doubled in the last five years. In America sales of men’s hair dyes have risen from 18 million to over 100 million in the same period. And the picture looks pretty similar in Britain. Last year the UK grooming market, according to a Mintel report, was estimated to be worth around £585 million in the UK. Clinique reported that their company’s
sales to men increased by 25% in 1999, suggesting that up until recently men have been buying women’s skin care products for themselves. Now the same products are being repackaged to attract the male buyer, so there’s nothing stopping you acting as vain as Big Brother contestant, Paul Clarke.
Men and their worst bits
When men are dissatisfied, the main focuses of concern are height, stomachs, chests and hair loss. Guys often surreptitiously draw in their stomachs and walk ‘taller’ as they pass mirrors (check it out if you
don’t believe us). Dr Stephen Edwards, a lecturer in Psychology at the University of Wales, Swansea, is currently researching the structure of male body image and body image concerns in men. He believes that young men today feel more pressure to look good than they did just five years ago, but it is still doubtful that they feel the same pressures from media influences as women do. However, he is quick to point out the main body image issues that affect men more than women. “Muscularity is not an issue for women whereas it is for men,” he says. “Being ‘too’ thin is not a problem for women, whereas for men this would be equated with being weedy.”
Distorted body image and health problems
“As a general rule, and at the extremes, body image  concern in women would be associated with eating disorders, whereas with men exercise addiction is a concern, as is the use of anabolic steroids,” says Dr Edwards.
Recent research backs this up, with evidence of an increase in body-dissatisfaction among males. It has been known that boys go through a phase of relative dissatisfaction with appearance in early adolescence, but physical changes through puberty bring them closer to ideal. There is also some evidence that men undergoing a mid-life crisis (i.e. men between the ages of about 45 and 55) are more likely to be dissatisfied with their appearance.
How many men suffer from eating disorders?
No accurate figures exist. Roughly 0.5 - 1% of women between the ages of 18 and 25 experience anorexia nervosa. The figures for bulimia nervosa are probably a little higher. The rate among men is estimated to be only
5% of that in women. “Historically, body image research has been driven by interest in the eating disorders,” explains Dr Edwards. “Given the low figures for males it wasn’t really a research priority. Now, this is changing.”
Gay men and body image
Gay men are more likely than straight men to be unhappy with their reflection in the mirror. This seems to be mainly due to the higher emphasis on appearance in gay male culture, although it is possible that stability of relationships may also be a factor as it is often found that people in stable, long-term relationships have a more positive body image than singles.
www.thesite.org/healthandwellbeing/wellbeing/
bodyimageandselfesteem (23/08/2007)
1 - O texto
a) mulheres tingem seus cabelos mais do que os homens.
b) os homens jovens procuram cirurgia plástica, mesmo que estejam satisfeitos com seu corpo.
c) houve uma mudança na forma como a sociedade americana vê os homens.
d) os homens nunca se preocuparam tanto com sua aparência como fazem atualmente.
e) David Beckham muitas vezes muda a forma como ele olha.
2 - Assinale a alternativa correta quanto ao que se afirma a respeito dos vocábulos retirados do texto.
a) “amongst” é o mesmo que “almost”.
b) “Maybe” expressa dúvida.
c) “up until recently” significa o mesmo que “nowadays”.
d) “whereas” expressa uma relação de igualdade.
e) “straight” tem relação com o tipo de cabelo.
3 - Assinale a alternativa correta de acordo com o texto.
a) Há dez anos, os homens não se preocupavam com a aparência.
b) Dr. Edwards pesquisa as preocupações dos homens quanto à imagem corporal.
c) As mulheres sofrem as mesmas pressões que os homens para serem magras.
d) A pressão da mídia é maior para homens de meia-idade.
e) Dr. Edwards acredita que homens e mulheres têm os mesmos problemas com a aparência.
4 - Escolha a alternativa na qual a palavra no texto não se refere ao tempo presente ou tenha começado há pouco tempo.
a) “currently”
b) “today”
c) “just”
d) “recent”
e) “now”
5 - De acordo com o texto:
a) todas as mulheres magrassofrem de distúrbios alimentares.
b) os homens de meia-idade são viciados em exercícios e esteróides anabolizantes.
c) homens e mulheres têm preocupações diferentes sobre sua aparência.
d) tanto os adolescentes como os homens mais velhos estão preocupados com a perda de cabelo.
e) homens que são "magros" não atraem as mulheres.
6 - Pelas informações contidas no texto, pode-se afirmar que homossexuais:
a) gostam de ver sua imagem refletida no espelho.
b) tendem a ser mais insatisfeitos com sua imagem do que heterossexuais.
c) não sofrem qualquer pressão quanto à sua aparência.
d) se envolvem em relacionamentos estáveis e duradouros.
e) têm uma imagem do corpo mais positiva do que os heterossexuais.
7-As palavras sublinhadas em “This seems to be mainly due to the higher emphasis on appearance...” poderiam ser substituídas, sem alteração no significado, por...
a) off duty.
b) because of.
c) in addition to.
d) on the whole.
e) different from.
8 - Em “Muscularity is not an issue for women whereas it is for men...”, entende-se que “muscularity”
a) é um assunto tanto para homens quanto para mulheres.
b) não é relevante para as mulheres, porém o é para os homens.
c) não envolve o universo masculino.
d) deve ser uma preocupação para as mulheres.
e) é uma questão basicamente heterossexual.
9 - Assinale a alternativa cujas palavras designam partes do corpo:
a) “hair” , “concerns”
b) “stomachs” , “chests”
c) “issues” , “steroids”
d) “physical” , “mid-life”
e) “appearance” , “mirror”
10 - De acordo com a informação no texto, os distúrbios alimentares:
a) afetam igualmente homens e mulheres.
b) podem causar anorexia na maioria dos adolescentes.
c) afetam 5% dos homens que são bulímicos.
d) não ocorreu em homens há cinco anos.
e) não foram pesquisados porque não havia interesse neles.
11 - Analisando os vocábulos extraídos do texto, assinale a alternativa incorreta.
a) “another” (linha 2) refere-se sempre a um substantivo na forma singular.
b) “figures” é o mesmo que “numbers representing an amount”.
c) “pretty” pode ser traduzido, no texto, por “atraente”.
d) “addiction” é um falso cognato que não significa “adição”.
e) "accurate”pode ter como antônimo a palavra “imprecise”.
12 - A leitura do texto permite afirmar que
a) homens e mulheres estão se tornando diferentes em relação aos seus corpos.
b) a busca por cirurgias plásticas entre as mulheres decresceu.
c) os homens se sentem mais altos quando murcham a barriga.
d) os homens não se interessam por produtos contra calvície.
e) houve significativo aumento na venda de tintura de cabelos para homens.
13 - Escolha a alternativa em que a forma do presente perfeito enfatiza a continuidade da ação.
a) “... men have started to care about the way they look.”
b) “... it has doubled in the last five years.”
c) “In America sales of men’s hair dyes have risen from 18 million to over 100 million...”
d) “... suggesting that up until recently men have been buying women’s skin care products for themselves.”
e) “... body image research has been driven by interest in the eating disorders...”
14 - Escolha a alternativa em que a informação está incorreta
a)     O prefixo “re”, em “repackaged”, convem a ideia de “again in a new and better way”.
b)     O prefixo “dis”, em “dissatisfied” e em “disorders” , mostra oposição ou negatividade.
c)    O sufixo “ful”, in “doubtful”, means “having the quality of something or causing something”.
d)      The suffixes “ity”, in “muscularity”, “ion”, in “addiction”, and “ance”, in “appearance” , are used to form nouns in English.
e)      The suffix “ly”, in “historically”, and the prefix “un”, in “unhappy”, indicate “lack of something”.
Brazil wins praise for Aids strategy
Monday July 25, 2005
Brazil today won praise for its fight against Aids and HIV despite its refusal of US aid tied to policies favoured by socially conservative supporters of the Bush administration. At an international conference on scientific developments to combat the pandemic Dr. Helene Gayle, the president of the International Aids Society, said Brazil was leading the way even though it had rejected some international assistance. “Brazil, by maintaining an aggressive and comprehensive approach to HIV prevention, treatment and support is really a leader for our global effort”, she told the conference. About 600,000 of Brazil’s 183 million people are infected with HIV.
Last year, the country turned down $40m (£23m) in US funding to fight Aids after Washington injected a clause condemning prostitution. Prostitution is legal in Brazil, and the health ministry said the refusal of the US aid was an issue of national sovereignty. The national anti-Aids programme provides drugs free of charge to anyone who needs them, and aggressively distributes condoms to sex workers.
The move made Brazil one of the first countries to oppose the Bush administration’s policy of linking foreign aid to policies backed by the religious right. However, the country has been criticized by some activists who say the government has struck a deal with a major pharmaceutical company to avoid breaking the patent on the firm’s anti-Aids drugs. Activists from the group Pela Vida said the deal with Abbott Laboratories to sell drugs to the government at a steep discount was insufficient to guarantee that free drugs would be available to all. The Brazilian health minister, José Saraiva Felipe, later denied the deal had been finalised. “We once again confirm the promise of Brazil to help developing countries confront this epidemic”, he said in remarks quoted by the Associated Press.
 Scientists will present 2,060 papers drawn from research in 114 different countries at the four-day conference. The event opened as Bill Clinton, the former US president, launched a programme to double the number of children receiving treatment for HIV infection in Kenya by the end of the year. An estimated 100,000 children there are infected with HIV, but only 1,200 receive treatment. The Clinton Foundation aims to have 10,000 children on anti-retroviral treatment in at least 10 countries by the end of 2005.
 (Guardian Unlimited © Guardian Newspapers Limited 2005 www.guardian.co.uk)
15-      Brazil was praised because
a) it turned down a UN aid to fight HIV, which was quite unusual.
 b) it welcomes international assistance to combat AIDS and HIV.
c) it leads scientific developments in public health and global pandemics.
d) it keeps a strong and comprehensive approach to HIV prevention, treatment and support.
e) the number of HIV infected people decreased to 600 thousand.
16-      Brazil refused US aid funding to fight HIV and AIDS:
 a) because the Bush administration is socially conservative.
b) even though the global leaders criticized the decision.
c) due to a clause that condemns prostitution, which is legal in Brazil.
d) and also stated that global leaders should consider national sovereignty and freedom in research.
e) because the two countries have different official religious backgrounds
17-      The Brazilian anti-AIDS program:
a) distributes free drugs to people who need treatment.
b) is aggressive and discriminates sex workers.
c) provides free condoms to all the population and adolescents.
d) has been developed jointly with the International AIDS Society.
e) is similar to the Kenya anti-AIDS program
18-      According to the text,
a) the International conference on AIDS/HIV was held in Washington in 2004.
b) religious leaders are against prostitution and condom distribution.
c) there will be 2060 scientists attending the four-day conference organized by Dr. Helene Gayle.
d) Bill Clinton disagrees with the Bush approach towards the pandemic.
e) Brazil does not accept aid linked to religious constraints.
19-      Some activists say that
a) the Brazilian government has been too critical about foreign aid.
b) the Brazilian government has negotiated with laboratories to avoid breaking the patent.
c)the discount negotiated would ensure that drugs would be available to all.
d) Brazil will break the patents anyway to provide free drugs to all.
e) the Brazilian minister of health wants to confront major pharmaceutical companies about drug costs.
20-    The sentence of the last paragraph, “The event opened as Bill Clinton, the former US president, launched a programme to double the number of children receiving treatment for HIV infection in Kenya by the end of the year.”, indicates that, by the end of 2005, the number should be:
a) 100,000.
b) 20,000.
c) 10,000.
d) 2,400.
e) 1,200
21-     In the sentence of the third paragraph “The Brazilian health minister, José Saraiva Felipe, later denied the deal had been finalised.”, the word “deal” refers to:
a) breaking the patent on anti-AIDS drugs.
b) linking foreign aid to discriminatory policies.
c) help developing countries to confront AIDS.
d) interference in national sovereignty.
e) sell drugs to the government at a great discount.
22-     Na sentence “However, the country has been criticised by some activists who say the government has struck a deal with a major pharmaceutical company to avoid breaking the patent on the firm’s anti-Aids drugs.”, a palavra “however” pode ser substituida sem mudança de sentido por::
 a) Nevertheless.			b) Furthermore.
c) Inasmuch.			d) Somehow.
e) Unless.