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Prévia do material em texto

Synonyms for the term CONTEXT would be:
	
	
	 
	organization; text;
	 
	realisation; organization;
	 
	realisation; situation;
	 Certo 
	setting; situation;
	 
	climate; atmosphere;
	Respondido em 29/09/2020 08:49:07
	
	Explicação: 
A context is the part of a text or statement that surrounds a particular word or passage and determines its meaning. It refers to the circumstances in which an event occurs; a setting. I could make a statement like, "Put the bulb in". Left on its own it means nothing. What bulb? Where? There's no context.  So I give it a context - "The flower bed is ready for planting. I've dug the hole for the tulips. Put the bulb in." Now it makes sense. 
	
	          Questão 
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0 
	
	Select the statement that best expresses the main idea. "People often refer to taxes in terms of their being much too high. In reality, they are probably even higher than you think, because in addition to the federal income tax we are now studying, there are many other Federal, State, and local taxes, including sales taxes, inheritance taxes, state income taxes, personal property taxes, real estate taxes, and others. These are just some of the most obvious ones."
	
	
	 Certo 
	We pay more taxes than we may realize.
	 
	The federal, state and local taxes.
	 
	Inheritance taxes and real estate taxes are unfair.
	 
	Some taxes are hidden.
	 
	Taxes are much too high.
	Respondido em 29/09/2020 08:50:44
	
	Explicação: 
 "People often refer to taxes in terms of their being much too high. In reality, they are probably even higher than you think, because in addition to the federal income tax we are now studying, there are many other Federal, State, and local taxes, including sales taxes, inheritance taxes, state income taxes, personal property taxes, real estate taxes, and others. These are just some of the most obvious ones."
According to BEAUGRANDE, R.& DRESSLER, W. (1981), the main idea of a passage is the core of the material, the particular point the author is trying to convey. The main idea of a passage can be stated in one sentence that condenses specific ideas or details in the passage into a general, all inclusive statement of the author¿s message. Whether you read a single paragraph, a chapter, or an entire book, many experts agree that your most important single task is to understand the main idea of what you read. A main idea is always a complete sentence that states an important point about the topic. That¿s why you can often find the topic in the main idea sentence. Main ideas are  never questions; they¿re always statements. 
 
	
		
	Gabarito
Comentado
	
	
	
	          Questão 
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0 
	
	Choose the alternative which DOES NOT define properly the four types of reading skills:
	
	
	 
	Skimming - used to understand the "gist" or main idea.
	 Certo 
	Scanning - used to find a general piece of information.
	 
	Intensive reading - accurate reading for detailed understanding.
	 
	Prediction - used to anticipate what the readers are about to read.
	 
	Extensive reading - used for pleasure and general understanding.
	Respondido em 29/09/2020 08:51:18
	
	Explicação: 
Prediction  - used to anticipate what the readers are about to read
Skimming - used to understand the "gist" or main idea
Scanning - used to find a particular piece of information
Extensive reading - used for pleasure and general understanding
Intensive reading - accurate reading for detailed understanding
	
		
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	          Questão 
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0 
	
	According to your studies, which of the following is not a proof reading technique?
	
	
	 
	Use peer evaluations - others will see the errors we miss.
	 Certo 
	Use the computer¿s spell check ¿ remember, however, that a spell check will catch form if you mean from, to if you mean too, or except if you mean accept.
	 
	Let it sit - for a day or a weekend. When the document is cold, we are more  objective about their own writing.
	 
	Read it backwards - then you read words out of context. You cannot anticipate the next word.
	 
	    
Read it aloud - sometimes we can hear errors.
	Respondido em 29/09/2020 08:56:02
	
	Explicação: 
Effective technical writing must be correct, whether grammatically, mathematically, electronically, etc. Errors in technical writing make the company and the employee look bad. More importantly, errors can lead to damages, injuries, lawsuits, or just embarrassment and misunderstandings.
	
	          Questão 
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0 
	
	According to your studies, which of the following is not a problem caused by emails?
	
	
	 
	If we write something that might be offensive, we can set the memo or letter aside for awhile.
	 Certo 
	Email allows the writer and reader(s) to chat with each other online.
	 
	Email can be sent at the push of a button. This speed may hinder our revision.
	 
	Instantaneous communication hinders the writer¿s ability to doublecheck facts, effectively proofread text, and achieve the correct tone.
	 
	If we write something that has grammatical or mathematical errors, we can check these for correctness.
	Respondido em 29/09/2020 08:58:15
	
	Explicação: 
According to Gerson, email is one of the most commonly-used forms of communication in the international business world. It is used extensively within companies to circulate information, requets, results, instructions, recommendations, minutes of meetings, etc.
	
	          Questão 
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0 
	
	The following options are SYNONYMOUS of CRITICAL WRITING, EXCEPT:
	
	
	 Certo 
	exclusive negative remark
	 
	critique
	 
	written evaluation
	 
	critical review
	 
	critical assessment
	Respondido em 29/09/2020 08:53:50
	
	Explicação: 
A critical review (sometimes called a critique, critical commentary, critical appraisal, critical analysis) is a detailed commentary on and critical evaluation of a text. You might carry out a critical review as a stand-alone exercise, or as part of your research and preparation for writing a literature review. To be critical does not mean to criticize in an exclusively negative manner. To be critical of a text means you question the information and opinions in the text, in an attempt to evaluate or judge its worth overall.
	
	          Questão 
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0 
	
	 What TYPE of text does the following exemplify?
 
"National Security Justifies Censorship"  
by Roger S. Thomas
Introduction
        The article "National Security Justifies Censorship" by Elmo R. Zumwalt and James G. Zumwalt, appears in Censorship, a book in the Opposing Viewpoints Series.  The article asserts that information that is secret and vital to the security of the nation should not be released to the press.  The arguments made by Zumwalt Senior and Junior are summarized below.
Brief analysis
        Although many journalists contend that the First Amendment guarantees unrestricted printing freedom, the authors believe the press has gained more power than the framers of the Constitution foresaw and therefore neglected to install safe guards that would protect national security.   According to the authors, the power of the media has gone far past what the constitutional framers expected; consequently, several acts since the writing of the Constitution have been implemented to deal with the lack of protection regarding national security.  The authors continue to affirm that even though significant risk exists when confidential information is released to the press, this danger has remained unresolved by the courts. 
          The authors cite an example to prove this point. The CIA during the Reagan administration recognized Muhamar Quadaffi as a known terrorist and a potential threat to national security in a classified document.  The Washington Post somehow had the document disclosed to them, and they soon published the information.  Several months after the operation had been abandoned, the CIA foundQuadaffi responsible for the bombing of a West Berlin discotheque. Military action had to be taken because of the earlier release of the classified document.  The operation incurred military casualties.
        The authors then offer a two-part solution: (1) make the publication of classified information a punishable offense, and (2) incorporate a "code of ethics" into media guidelines that safeguards national security.  The paper ends by discussing how ethics are the responsibility of good journalism.
Conclusion
            Elmo R. Zumwalt and James G. Zumwalt assert that the media are overpowered and the national security is underprotected.  They believe that the government and the media must take steps to assure a disaster does not occur.
	
	
	 Certo 
	summary
	 
	press release
	 
	review
	 
	e-mail
	 
	mission statement
	Respondido em 29/09/2020 08:54:21
	
	Explicação: 
A summary is condensed version of a larger reading.  A summary is not a rewrite of the original piece and does not have to be long nor should it be long.  To write a summary, use your own words to express briefly  the main idea and relevant details of the piece you have read.   Your purpose in writing the summary is to give the basic ideas of the original reading. 
	
		
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	          Questão 
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0 
	
	The following TEXT is a good example of a(n):
 
 
Bioartificial Rat Arm Grown in Lab Could Be Precursor to Transplantable Limbs
BY JESSICA FIRGER 6/5/15 AT 1:13 PM
It looks like something out of a creepy sci-fi film but it may be the future of the prosthetics industry. Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital were able to grow a bioartificial rat¿s limb. The technique could help scientists grow limbs that are suitable for human transplantation. The prosthesis contains all the tissue typically found in a rodent¿s leg, including bone, cartilage, blood vessels, tendons, ligaments and nerves.
To grow the limb, the scientists applied a bioengineering technique known as decellularization that has already been used to create tissue of various organs such as kidneys, livers, hearts and lungs. Researchers stripped living cells from donor tissue with detergent solution and then repopulated the remaining tissue with the same type of cells. They spent a week removing the leftover cellular debris and harvested muscle and vascular cells in separate petri dishes. Next, they cultured the forearm in a bioreactor, injected vascular and muscle cells into the limb and left it to grow for five days. Electric stimulation helped encourage more muscle growth.
Two weeks later, researchers removed the bioprosthetic from the machine and tested it. Direct electric stimulation caused contractions in the muscle fibers. Once the limb was transplanted to the recipient animal its vascular system filled with blood. With the aid of electric stimulation the muscles still moved.
There are currently more than 1.5 million people in U.S. missing limbs and who could benefit from this research, should the process work for humans. Though robotic prostheses made from plastics, metal and other industrial materials have vastly improved in recent years, they still have their limitations. A majority of mechanical prostheses are clunky and still have a restricted range of motion.
This is the first time the technique has been used to grow a body part composed of many kinds of tissue. The researchers, who published their paper online this week in the journal Biomaterials, also say they were able to complete the first step of the decellularization process on baboon arms but haven¿t yet finished the project. However, this achievement indicates the technique may eventually work for human limbs.
	
	
	 
	scientific summary
	 
	mission statement
	 
	press release
	 
	book summary
	 Certo 
	article
	Respondido em 29/09/2020 08:54:48
	
	Explicação: 
An article 
	is a piece of writing usually intended for publication in a newspaper, magazine or journal 
	is written for a wide audience, so it is essential to attract and retain the readers¿ attention 
	may include amusing stories, reported speech and descriptions 
	can be formal or informal, depending on the target audience 
	should be written in an interesting or entertaining manner 
	should give opinions and thoughts, as well as facts 
	is in a less formal style than a report 
	
		
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	          Questão 
	Acerto: 0,0  / 1,0 
	
	Read the text below:
"Combine the structure of the arguments that you will use with a convincing style and delivery in order to establish your credibility as a public speaker."
► The previous information refers to an essencial technique we should all master in order to succeed in a debate. Which one?
	
	
	 
	Reflection
	 Errado 
	Preparation 
	 
	Anticipation 
	 Certo 
	Rhetoric 
	 
	Memorising 
	Respondido em 29/09/2020 09:00:58
	
	Explicação: 
The text refers to the idea of persuading, which entails the field of rhetorics.
	
	          Questão 
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0 
	
	SEMINARS can create the following opportunities, EXCEPT:
	
	
	 
	learn from other people's experiences and background knowledge;
	 Certo 
	create misunderstandings.
	 
	explore topics in more depth;
	 
	gain perspectives and points of view that you might not have otherwise considered;
	 
	share ideas in a way that will advance students' thinking

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