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Matéria: Inglês 
Inglês - Teoria 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
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Simple Present and Present Continuous 
Sumário 
1. Simple Present ............................................................................ 2 
2. Present Continuous ................................................................... 10 
3- Key Words and Key Expressions .................................................... 12 
 
1. Simple Present 
 Quando usamos o simple present? 
 
 
 
SIMPLE
PRESENT
Verdades 
Universais
É verdade hoje, amanhã e 
sempre!
The earth moves aroud the sun
Ações/Eventos 
Repetitivos
Acontece com regularidade
It rains every afternoon in the 
hot season
Hábitos e 
Rotinas
Algo que você faz 
repetitivamente
I smoke. I work in London.
Futuro próximo
After, before, when, as soon as, 
until
We'll give it to her when she 
leaves
Inglês - Teoria 
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Agora, vamos ver como formamos o simple present tense, ou seja, a formulação 
das frases. 
 
 
Temos ainda algumas regrinhas para a TERCEIRA PESSOA DO SINGULAR. 
Vou esquematizá-las para facilitar a visualização. 
SIMPLE 
PRESENT 
TENSE
Affirmative
Primeira e segunda pessoas, 
verbo formato regular
I think
Terceira pessoa: +S, +ES 
ou +IES
He thinks
Negative
Primeira e segunda pessoas: 
DO + NOT (don't)
I do not 
think
Terceira pessoa: 
DOES + NOT (doesn't)
She does 
not think
Interrogative
Primeira e segunda pessoas: 
DO + VERBO 
Do I think?
Terceira pessoa: 
DOES + VERBO
Does it 
think?
Atenção! O simple present não é usado para expressar ações que estão 
acontecendo agora! -> I am studying não é simple present. Veremos já já 
que para descrevermos ações que estão acontecendo agora usamos o 
present continuous. 
Inglês - Teoria 
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Terceira pessoa 
do singular 
Verbo SEMPRE 
tem +S no final 
He wants 
She thinks 
He gives 
She needs 
NEGATIVE 
INTERROGATIVE 
DOES + verbo 
no infinitivo 
Does he want ice 
cream? 
He does not 
want vanilla. 
DOES = 3a 
pessoa de DO 
He wants ice 
cream. 
Inglês - Teoria 
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Verbos que 
terminam 
em Y 
Regra: 
- Y => + IES 
Exceção: 
Vogal antes do Y 
Y + S 
She always tries 
to improve her 
skills. (try) 
He cries every 
time he watchs 
this movie. (cry) 
She enjoys 
playing the 
piano. (enjoy) 
Verbos 
terminados 
em 
Acrescentar 
+ES no 
final 
He 
passes 
-CH 
-SS 
-X 
-SH 
He fixes 
It 
pushes 
She 
catches 
Inglês - Teoria 
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 Por último, vamos conjugar dois verbos irregulares no simple present 
bastante usados: to be e to have. Toda vez que o to aparecer antes do verbo, 
significa que estamos falando da forma infinitiva do verbo, como ser/estar e ter 
em português, por exemplo. 
O verbo to have, no simple present, tem duas formas: have e has. Vamos ver 
quando usar cada uma. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HAVE 
Marcia and 
Paulo have... 
Quando o sujeito da 
oração é mais de 
uma pessoa 
Com pronomes: I, 
you, we, they 
Luis and I 
have... 
HAS 
3a pessoa do 
singular 
He has a car. 
Quando estamos falando 
de alguém que não está 
presente 
She has two 
sisters. 
It has 
finished. 
Inglês - Teoria 
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to have 
have 
I 
has 
he 
you she 
we 
it 
they 
 
 
Atenção para a exceção! 
Nas sentenças interrogativas e negativas, usamos somente o HAVE! O HAS 
só é usado nas sentenças afirmativas. Isso acontece porque quando usamos 
a forma interrogativa e a forma negativa para a 3ª pessoa (he, she, it), a 
conjugação, ao invés de acontecer no próprio verbo, é feita no auxiliar DO, que 
vira DOES ou DOES NOT (DOESN’T). Assim, dizemos ao aluno que o auxiliar 
é conjugado e o verbo principal volta a sua forma infinitiva. 
Observe: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Já que estamos falando sobre o verbo to have, vou aproveitar para esclarecer 
algumas coisinhas sobre ele. 
Have é um dos verbos mais usados na língua inglesa e não significa somente 
ter. Vamos ver alguns exemplos dele sendo usado com outros significados: 
O 's' da 3ª pessoa não é plural: 
É CONJUGAÇÃO VERBAL! 
Does Susan have two brothers? 
She does not (ou doesn’t) have two 
brothers. 
She has two brothers. 
Inglês - Teoria 
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Professora, eu já ouvi pessoas usando a expressão have got. O que isso quer 
dizer? Na verdade, pessoal, have got quer dizer a mesma coisa do verbo have 
sozinho, ou seja, também significa ter. Na Inglaterra, a expressão have got é 
mais usada do que nos Estados Unidos. No entanto, isso não quer dizer que 
nunca será utilizada entre americanos. Além disso, os americanos às vezes 
falam somente o got, suprimindo o have nas suas conversas informais. 
 
 
 
Veja também que a expressão have got pode ser contraída assim: ‘ve got. 
Lembrando que o verbo have na 3º pessoa do singular (he, she, it) fica has. 
Logo, a expressão have got ficará has got e será contraída ‘s got. 
Uma última coisinha: o have got também é usado quando a pessoa quer 
enfatizar o que está sendo dito. Por exemplo: You’ve got to be kidding! (Você 
só pode estar brincando!). Você vai conseguir perceber a diferença pelo 
contexto. Veja um exemplo: 
 
Para fechar a parte do simple present, vamos ver a conjugação do verbo to be 
(ser ou estar), que é outro bem famosinho. 
Positive Negative 
Interrogative 
Long Short Long Short 
I am I'm I am not I'm not Am I …? 
You are You're You are not 
You're not 
(aren’t) Are you …? 
She is She's She is not 
She's not 
(isn’t) Is she ….? 
have breakfast -> tomar café da manhã 
have an ancident -> sofrer um acidente 
have a shower -> tomar banho, no chuveiro 
have a cold -> estar resfriado 
have a party -> dar uma festa 
have fun -> divertir-se 
I have a car = I’ve got (have got) a car = I got a car 
You have got to see this! = You gotta see this! = Você tem que ver isso! 
Inglês - Teoria 
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He is He's He is not He's not (isn’t) Is he … ? 
It is It's It is not It's not (isn’t) Is it … ? 
We are We're We are not 
We're not 
(aren’t) Are we … ? 
They are They're They are not 
They're not 
(aren’t) Are they … ? 
 
 
ATENÇÃO! Uma observação importante a ser feita aqui: Nas frases que 
utilizamos o verbo to be (ser ou estar) dispensamos o uso do auxiliar DO e 
DOES. É muito comum ver alunos construindo frases do tipo: Do she is 
beautiful ou utilizando don’t no lugar de am not. Vou te dizer algo aqui que 
espero que nunca se esqueça! O verbo to be é o único verbo independente! 
Isso quer dizer que ele dá conta de fazer frases na interrogativa e na 
negativa sozinho, dispensando sempre o uso do auxiliar. A banca inclusive 
pode tentar te confundir misturando as estruturas. Portanto, cuidado! 
 
Compare: 
She likes chocolate. + 
Does she like chocolate ?She doesn’t like chocolate. - 
 
Viu a diferença? O verbo like precisou do auxiliar para dar conta do recado e o 
to be não. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
He is intelligent. + 
Is he intelligent ? 
He isn’t intelligent. - 
Inglês - Teoria 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 10 de 13 
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2. Present Continuous 
Quando usamos o present continuous? 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PRESENT 
CONTINUOUS
NOW!
O que está acontecendo nesse 
exato momento.
You are learning english now. ;)
Ações 
longas, 
acontecento 
agora
Ações que demoram ou estão em 
progresso.
I am reading the book Tom 
Sawyer.
Futuro 
próximo
Indicar alguma coisa que vai, ou 
não, acontecer num futuro 
próximo.
Is he visiting his parents next 
weekend?
Situações 
repetitivas e 
irritantes 
(com 
always)
Algo que está sempre 
acontecendo e que é irritante.
I don't like him, because he is 
always complaining.
ATENÇÃO! Existe um grupo de verbos chamados de Non-continuous verbs. 
Eles expressam coisas que você não consegue ver as pessoas fazendo e 
raramente são usados no present continuous. 
Inglês - Teoria 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
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ERRADO CERTO 
He is needing help now. He needs help now. 
He is wanting a drink now. He wants a drink now. 
 
 
 Como se forma o present continuous? 
 
 
 
 
PRESENT 
CONTINUOUS
Affirmative
Sujeito + to 
be + verbo 
+ ing
She is thinking
Negative
Sujeito + to 
be + NOT + 
verbo + ing
He is not (isn't)
talking
Interrogative
To be + 
sujeito+ 
verbo + 
ing
Is she talking?
Non-
continuous 
verbs
Emotion Verbs
Possession verbs
Abstract verbs to be, to want, to need, to care… 
to own, to belong, to possess... 
to love, to like, to hate, to fear... 
Inglês - Teoria 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
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3- Key Words and Key Expressions 
Agora, vamos relembrar as palavras importantes utilizadas hoje na aula. 
Key Words 
remarkably notável lessened diminuído 
shrinking encolhendo enhanced 
melhorar, 
aumentar 
awakened despertado remain permanece 
flicker lampejo, oscilação set by estabelecido 
shed 
mudar, perder, 
verter net profit lucro líquido 
to cope lidar com streamlining simplificando 
attempts tentativas increasingly cada vez mais 
further adicional among entre 
unpaid não remunerado shadow sombra 
draw up elaborar fired despedido 
drawback 
desvantagem, 
inconveniente laid off demitido 
concurrentl
y simultaneamente leak vazamento 
aim 
objetivo, 
propósito plenty bastante 
overturn derrubar, anular classified confidencial 
lasting duradouro revenues receitas 
based upon baseado downgrade rebaixar 
shove empurrão rating classificação 
reaguard retaguarda indeed 
certamente, de 
fato 
gives an 
edge 
dá uma vantagem underestimated subestimado 
brought 
about 
ocasionar overvalued sobrevalorizado 
 
Inglês - Teoria 
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Além dessas palavras, vamos dar uma olhada em algumas expressões utilizadas 
hoje, palavras que quando juntas tem um sentido específico. 
 
Key expressions 
ill-prepared mal preparado 
growing old envelhecendo 
get rid of livrar-se de 
snuffed out ser aniquilado, extinto 
make a mountain out of a 
molehill 
fazer tempestade em copo d’água, 
exagerar 
labor market mercado de trabalho 
scant regard pouca consideração 
relying on confiando ou dependendo 
a shadow of its former self 
uma sombra do que ele mesmo já foi um 
dia 
stamp out eliminar 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Matéria: Inglês 
QUESTÕES 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
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QUESTÕES | Simple Present and Present 
Continuous 
Sumário 
1. Questões Comentadas ................................................................. 3 
3.1 ESAF ............................................................................................ 3 
3.2 FCC ............................................................................................ 27 
3.3 FGV............................................................................................ 43 
3.4 CESPE ........................................................................................ 50 
6. Questões sem os comentários ................................................... 59 
6.1 ESAF .......................................................................................... 59 
6.2 FCC ............................................................................................ 68 
6.3 FGV ......................................................................................... 78 
6.4 CESPE ........................................................................................ 83 
7. GABARITO ................................................................................. 88 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Inglês - Questões 
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1. Questões Comentadas 
 
3.1 ESAF 
 
(ESAF/MAPA/2017) Read the text and answer: 
 
Precision Agriculture 
 
The U.S. government laid the original foundations for precision agriculture in 
1983, when it announced the opening up of the Global Positioning System 
(GPS), a satellite-based navigation program developed by the U.S. military, for 
civilian use. Soon after, companies began developing what is known as 
“variable rate technology,” which allows farmers to apply fertilizers at different 
rates throughout a field. After measuring and mapping such characteristics as 
acidity level and phosphorous and potassium content, farmers match the 
quantity of fertilizer to the need. For the most part, even today, fields are tested 
manually, with individual farmers or employees collecting samples at 
predetermined points, packing the samples into bags, and sending them to a 
lab for analysis. Then, an agronomist creates a corresponding map of 
recommended fertilizers for each area designed to optimize production. After 
that, a GPS-linked fertilizer spreader applies the selected amount of nutrients 
in each location. 
 
Over 60 percent of U.S. agricultural-input dealers offer some kind of variable-
rate-technology services, but data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture 
indicate that in spite of years of subsidies and educational efforts, less than 20 
percent of corn acreage is managed using the technology. At the moment, a key 
constraint is economic. Because manual soil testing is expensive, the farmers 
and agribusinesses that do use variable rate technology tend to employ sparse 
sampling strategies. Most farmers in the United States, for example, collect one 
sample for every two and a half acres; in Brazil, the figure is often just one 
sample for every 12 and a half acres. The problem, however, is that soil can 
often vary greatly within a single acre, and agricultural scientists agree that 
several tests per acre are often required to capture the differences. In other 
words, because of the high cost of gathering soil information, farmers are 
leaving productivity gains on the table in some areas of the field and over-
applying fertilizer and other inputs in others. 
 
(From an article by Jess Lowenberg-DeBoer in Foreign Affairs May/June 2015 issue.) 
 
Inglês - Questões 
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1. In paragraph 1, the cohesive links “Soon after”, “After”, “Then” and “After 
that” introduce a sequence of 
a) causes and corresponding effects. 
b) logical consequences. 
c) chronological events. 
d) concession clauses. 
e) rational explanations. 
Comentários: As expressões soon after (logo após), after (depois), then 
(então), e after that (depois disso) são usadas para sequenciar eventos, 
mostrando a ordem dos acontecimentos. Observe que no primeiro parágrafo 
temos bastantes verbos no passado. Estudaremos esses verbos mais adiante, 
mas para facilitar a compreensão neste momento, fica a dica: 
 
 
No segundo parágrafo é possível observar verbos no simple present e no present 
continuous. Tente aplicar na leitura o que foi ensinado. Assim você vai fixando 
cada vez mais o conteúdo. Vamos agora à análise dos itens. 
a) Item incorreto. As expressões em destaque não representam causas e 
efeitos correspondentes. Alguns exemplos de conjunções de causa e 
consequência seriam because (porque), for this reason (por esta razão), thus 
(assim), hence (consequentemente), as a result (como resultado), since (desde 
ou uma vez que), so (então) e so that (de modo que). 
b) Item incorreto. As expressões não indicam consequências. Veja exemplos 
de conjunções que expressam consequência no comentário da alternativa A. 
Terminam em ED
Ex.: announce 
(anunciar) 
=> announced
VERBOS 
REGULARES
Uma novela! Não 
tem regra. 
É preciso decorar.
Ex.: begin (iniciar) 
=> began
VERBOS
IRREGULARES
Inglês - Questões 
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c) Item correto. 
d) Item incorreto. As expressões não indicam ideia de concessão. Algumas 
conjunções que expressam a ideia de concessão em inglês: though (embora), 
although (contudo) e even if (mesmo que). 
e) Item incorreto. As expressões não indicam explicações racionais. 
 C 
 
(ESAF / AFT / 2010) Read the text and answer questions. 
Companies in the rich world are confronted with a rapidly ageing workforce. 
Nearly one in three American workers will be over 50 by 2012, and America is 
a young country compared with Japan and Germany. China is also ageing 
rapidly, thanks to its one-child policy. This means that companies will have to 
learn how to manage older workers better. 
Most companies are remarkably ill-prepared. There was a flicker of interest in 
the problem a few years ago but it was snuffed out by the recession. The 
management literature on older workers is a mere molehill compared with the 
mountain devoted to recruiting and retaining the young. 
Companies are still stuck with an antiquated model for dealing with ageing, 
which assumes that people should get pay rises and promotions on the basis of 
age. They have dealt with the burdens of this model by periodically “downsizing” 
older workers or encouraging them to take early retirement. This has created a 
dual labour market for older workers, of cosseted insiders on the one hand and 
unemployed or retired outsiders on the other. 
But this model cannot last. The number of young people, particularly those with 
valuable science and engineering skills, is shrinking. And governments are 
raising retirement ages and making it more difficult for companies to shed older 
workers, in a desperate attempt to cope with their underfunded pension 
systems. 
Feb 4th 2010 | From The Economist print edition [adapted]. 
 
2. According to the text, businesses 
a) are fully prepared to deal with an ancient workforce. 
b) cannot cope with an influx of elderly workers. 
c) are incapable of growing old gracefully. 
d) must get rid of older workers through streamlining operations. 
e) must learn to deal with the need to keep older staff employed. 
 
Inglês - Questões 
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Comentários: A questão quer saber o que o texto fala sobre as empresas 
(businesses). Vamos analisar as alternativas: 
a) Item incorreto. De acordo com o texto, claramente as empresas não estão 
preparadas para lidar com a força de trabalho mais velha (ancient workforce), 
na verdade é afirmado justamente o contrário: Most companies are remarkably 
ill-prepared. 
b) Item incorreto. Essa alternativa até pode deixar você na dúvida. Mas, 
vamos com calma! Aqui o examinador apela para extrapolação, dizendo que as 
empresas não conseguem lidar (cope) com o afluxo de trabalhadores idosos. 
Mais ou menos, né? O texto diz que as empresas enfrentam dificuldades de lidar 
com o envelhecimento dos seus trabalhadores – a palavra influx da ideia de 
entrada, fluxo, e não é exatamente isso que o texto quer dizer. This means that 
companies will have to learn how to manage older workers better. Most 
companies are remarkably ill-prepared. Companies are still stuck with an 
antiquated model for dealing with ageing, which assumes that people should get 
pay rises and promotions on the basis of age. Perceba que o autor afirma que 
as empresas estão mal preparadas para lidar com o envelhecimento do seu 
corpo funcional. 
c) Item incorreto. Lembrem-se de que a pergunta faz referência às empresas! 
Empresas não envelhecem (growing old), o que torna a alternativa sem sentido. 
d) Item incorreto. O assunto principal do texto é como as empresas devem 
lidar com o envelhecimento de seus funcionários, mas em momento algum é 
dito que elas devem se livrar (get rid of) dos trabalhadores mais velhos. 
e) Item correto. Agora sim. O texto fala exatamente isso! Vamos dar uma 
olhada no primeiro parágrafo: Companies in the rich world are confronted with 
a rapidly ageing workforce. (...) This means that companies will have to learn 
how to manage older workers better. 
 
Lembram que mais cedo aprendemos o significado de have to? Quer dizer que 
as companhias vão ter que aprender como administrar os trabalhadores idosos. 
Considerando o que é dito aqui em conjunto com as afirmações do último 
parágrafo, sobre aposentadoria e a redução de mão de obra jovem, podemos 
perceber que os mais velhos vão continuar trabalhando por mais tempo e que 
as empresas terão que aprender a lidar com essa situação. 
But this model cannot last. The number of young people, particularly those with 
valuable science and engineering skills, is shrinking. And governments are 
raising retirement ages and making it more difficult for companies to shed older 
workers, in a desperate attempt to cope with their underfunded pension 
systems. 
 E 
3. In paragraph 2, the author claims that the recent economic recession has 
Inglês - Questões 
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a) awakened an interest in science and engineering among younger workers. b) 
caused the number of young people seeking jobs in business to increase. c) 
extinguished what little interest firms had shown in how to manage an older 
staff. 
d) made a mountain of business management out of a managerial molehill. 
e) led many firms to dismiss older workers in their periodic staff reductions. 
Comentários: A questão quer saber quais foram os efeitos da recessão 
econômica, de acordo com o segundo parágrafo, portanto vamos focar só no 
que ele diz! Isso ajuda muito a não viajar na hora da interpretação. Vou 
transcreve-lo aqui: Most companies are remarkably ill-prepared. There was a 
flicker of interest in the problem a few years ago but it was snuffed out by the 
recession. The management literature on older workers is a mere molehill 
compared with the mountain devoted to recruiting and retainingthe young. 
 
a) Item incorreto: Nada a ver né, pessoal? O texto fala sobre science and 
engineering no último parágrafo, mas a ideia é totalmente outra: The number 
of young people, particularly those with valuable science and engineering skills, 
is shrinking. De modo algum podemos afirmar que a recessão despertou o 
interesse dos mais jovens pela ciência e pela engenharia. 
 
 
 
 
b) Item incorreto: O número de trabalhadores jovens procurando emprego 
(seeking jobs) não aumentou por causa da crise. 
c) Item correto: O texto fala exatamente isso: There was a flicker of interest 
in the problem a few years ago but it was snuffed out by the recession. 
 
 
 
 
d) Item incorreto: Aqui o examinador mistura as coisas. O autor do texto fala 
isso sobre a literatura disponível a respeito de trabalhadores idosos. The 
management literature on older workers is a mere molehill compared with the 
mountain devoted to recruiting and retaining the young. É interessante que o 
awekened -> despertado 
shrinking -> diminuindo 
 
flicker -> lampejo, oscilação 
snuffed out -> ser aniquilado, extinto 
make a mountain out of a molehill -> fazer tempestade em copo 
d’água, exagerar 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 8 de 88 
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autor utiliza uma expressão americana famosa: make a mountain out of a 
molehill para expressar o que ele quer dizer. Literalmente, a tradução seria 
“imaginar uma montanha onde só existe um morrinho”, ou seja, a literatura 
sobre trabalhadores idosos é um simples morrinho quando comparado à 
montanha de livros que existem sobre como recrutar e reter os jovens 
trabalhadores. 
 
e) Item incorreto: Não, o segundo parágrafo não fala nada sobre corte de 
pessoal (staff reductions). 
 C 
 
4. The text suggests that the governments of industrialized countries are 
a) trying to stop companies dismissing older members of their workforce. 
b) refusing to employ younger workers because of their expensive pensions. 
c) cutting the retirement pensions of valuable workers on the basis of age. 
d) making desperate attempts to cope with an inefficient labor market. 
e) regretting their generosity to workers who have taken early retirement. 
Comentários: Agora precisamos verificar o que o texto fala sobre os governos 
dos países industrializados. 
a) Item correto. A última informação que temos no texto é exatamente essa: 
And governments are raising retirement ages and making it more difficult for 
companies to shed older workers, in a desperate attempt to cope with their 
underfunded pension systems. O governo, por causa dos seus problemas com 
as pensões, está aumentando as idades de aposentadoria, tornando mais difícil 
para as empresas shed older workers (demitir empregados mais velhos). 
b) Item incorreto. Pra começar o texto só fala sobre empregados de empresas 
(busnisses) e não do governo, já podemos eliminar a alternativa só por isso. 
c) Item incorreto. O examinador mistura os termos para tentar nos confundir. 
No último parágrafo, antes de falar sobre o governo, o texto afirma: The number 
of young people, particularly those with valuable science and engineering skills, 
is shrinking. 
O número de trabalhadores jovens com bons (valiosos) conhecimentos em 
ciência e engenharia está shrinking! Mais um motivo para aprender a lidar com 
os idosos, que serão cada vez mais úteis. Mas isso não tem nada a ver com o 
governo, nem com a pergunta. 
d) Item incorreto. O governo não está se esforçando pra lidar com um 
mercado de trabalho ineficiente. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 9 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
 
 
 
 
e) Item incorreto. O governo não está arrependido por ter sido generoso com 
os trabalhadores que se aposentaram cedo. São as empresas que, algumas 
vezes, ofereceram planos de incentivo a aposentadoria e o governo não tem 
envolvimento com isso. 
 A 
 
(ESAF / AFT / 2010) Read the text and answer questions. 
Minister calls for wider flexible working rights 
 
British government ministers are considering giving all employees the right to 
ask for flexible working hours “from the beginning” of a new job as part of plans 
to encourage a fundamental shift in working habits. 
The Work and Pensions Secretary, Yvette Cooper, says her office is working with 
employers and organizations such as the federation of small businesses to draw 
up new ways of supporting men as well as women and non-parents as well as 
parents working more flexible hours. 
The current rules are limited to parents of children under 16 and carers, and 
Cooper wants to extend them. “You want people to offer flexible working from 
the beginning and we need to look again at how the legislation can support 
different ways of doing that,” she said. 
“There will be some areas where it’s not possible to fit round particular school 
hours or particular things where the nature of the business makes it hard – but 
what you need is the cultural change for everybody to think differently.” 
Cooper’s proposals come as the government announced that fathers will be 
given the right to six months’ paternity leave. 
There will be a legal right to take the mother’s place at home for the last three 
months of a nine-month maternity break; they would receive £123 a week in 
statutory pay. Fathers would then be entitled to take a further three months’ 
unpaid leave. The move was criticized by some business leaders. 
(From: The Guardian, Friday 29 January 2010 -slightly adapted). 
 
5. According to the text, current British laws on working timetables are 
designed mainly for 
a) women who work as secretaries for the government. 
labor market -> mercado de trabalho 
to cope -> lidar com 
attempts -> tentativas 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 10 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
b) parents of young children and teenagers, as well as care workers. 
c) men who have been in their current jobs for some time. 
d) women extending their maternity leave with unpaid work. 
e) those who want a change in the cultural mentality of businesses. 
 
Comentários: Pelo título do texto (Minister calls for wider flexible working 
rights) já podemos ter uma ideia do que será tratado: ministra quer aumentar 
a abrangência (wider rights) no que diz respeito à flexibilidade de horários. O 
que afirmar sobre as leis vigentes atualmente? (current laws) Vamos às 
alternativas. 
a) Item incorreto. Com certeza as leis vigentes não estão direcionadas 
principalmente para mulheres que trabalham como secretárias do governo. 
b) Item correto. Olhem o que diz o 3o parágrafo: The current rules are limited 
to parents of children under 16 and carers, and Cooper wants to extend them. 
As regras atuais então estão direcionadas aos pais de crianças menores de 16 
anos ou seus responsáveis (carers). Está aí a nossa resposta! 
c) Item incorreto. As leis não estão direcionadas para homens que estão há 
algum tempo no seu trabalho. 
d) Item incorreto. Quem tem a possibilidade de estender a licença sem 
remuneração são os pais, e não as mães. Fathers would then be entitled to take 
a further three months’ unpaid leave. 
e) Item incorreto. Nenhuma lei é direcionada somente àqueles que querem 
uma mudança cultural das empresas. O texto não fala isso. 
 B 
 
6. With regard to paternity leave, the government has given men the right 
to 
a) take six months’ paid leave as soon as their baby is born. 
b) care for a baby if the mother returns to work within three months. 
c) receive their full salary to look after the baby for three out of the first six 
months. 
d) takea three-month break receiving payment when the baby is six months 
old. 
e) stay at home with the baby’s mother on unpaid leave for six months. 
Comentários: A questão quer saber qual direito foi concedido aos homens, no 
que diz respeito à licença paternidade. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 11 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
a) Item incorreto. A licença para os pais não é concedida logo quando o bebê 
nasce. Dois trechos do texto explicam isso. 
(...) the government announced that fathers will be given the right to six 
months’ paternity leave. 
There will be a legal right to take the mother’s place at home for the last three 
months of a nine-month maternity break; they would receive £123 a week in 
statutory pay. Fathers would then be entitled to take a further three months’ 
unpaid leave. 
Considerando somente o primeiro trecho, que é o final do 4o. parágrafo, 
podemos cair na tentação de achar que essa alternativa está certa, mas se 
precisamos considerar todas as informações do texto. Além do mais, em 
momento algum o texto afirma que são seis meses assim que o bebê nasceu. 
Os seis meses da licença paternidade são: os últimos três meses da licença de 
nove meses concedida às mães – nesse caso o pai toma o lugar da mãe (take 
the mother’s place) – mais três meses, opcionais, de licença não remunerada 
(unpaid leave) ao término dos nove primeiros meses (further three months). 
b) Item incorreto. O texto não fala nada sobre a mãe retornar ao trabalho 
após três meses de licença. Ela pode retornar depois de seis meses, quando o 
pai assume seu lugar durante os últimos três meses da licença. 
c) Item incorreto. Se o pai quiser substituir a mãe nos três meses finais da 
licença, ele terá direito a um statutory pay de £123, e não o seu salário integral. 
É como se fosse um benefício social. There will be a legal right to take the 
mother’s place at home for the last three months of a nine-month maternity 
break; they would receive £123 a week in statutory pay. 
d) Item correto. Agora sim, a afirmativa expressa a mesma ideia contida no 
texto, usando palavras diferentes. Quando o bebê estiver com seis meses, o pai 
pode tirar uma licença de três meses (take a three-month break) recebendo um 
pagamento. Repare que a alternativa não especifica o tipo de pagamento. 
e) Item incorreto. Também não tem nada disso no texto. O pai e a mãe não 
podem ficar ao mesmo tempo de licença cuidando do bebê. 
 D 
 
7. The Work and Pensions Secretary 
a) a has been personally attacked by company bosses who dislike her plans. 
b) believes flexible working hours are a drawback for many workers. 
c) is seeking employers’ cooperation for new proposals on working hours. 
1. d) shows scant regard for the needs of parents wanting flexible 
timetables. 
e) wants pensions to be paid to fathers who care for their neonate infants. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 12 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
Comentários: O que a secretária do trabalho e pensões diz no texto? Está no 
segundo parágrafo: The Work and Pensions Secretary, Yvette Cooper, says 
her office is working with employers and organisations such as the federation 
of small businesses to draw up new ways of supporting men as well as women 
and non-parents as well as parents working more flexible hours. A secretária 
está trabalhando com (working with) empregados e organizações to draw up 
new ways of supporting (…) more flexible hours -> conseguem perceber que 
ela tentando ajudar a conseguir horários mais flexiveis para os trabalhadores? 
Mesmo sem traduzir tudo, acho que essa ideia é compreensível. 
a) Item incorreto. O último parágrafo do texto afirma que: The move was 
criticised by some business leaders. Aqui, o autor está se referindo à questão 
da licença paternidade como um todo e não a ataques pessoais à secretária do 
trabalho. 
b) Item incorreto. Atenção aqui! Drawback e draw up são coisas diferentes! 
Mesmo que você não saiba o que essas expressões significam, back e up 
transmitem ideias completamente diferentes. Não dá para dizer que as horas 
flexíveis são um drawback. 
 
 
 
 
c) Item correto. Exatamente isso! Ela está procurando cooperação dos 
empregados para elaborar (draw up) novas propostas de horários flexíveis. 
d) Item incorreto. Como já vimos, a secretária do trabalho parece bastante 
preocupada com a flexibilização dos horários de trabalho, portanto, não está 
certo afirmar que ela shows scant regard a respeito desse assunto. 
 
 
e) Item incorreto. O texto não afirma que a secretária está preocupada com 
o pagamento de pensão aos pais que cuidam dos recém-nascidos (neonate). 
 C 
 
8. Ms Cooper hopes her new proposals will give more flexible working 
hours 
a) from the outset, to workers of both genders. 
b) to fathers of babies, concurrently with mothers. 
c) after six months, to those established in their jobs. 
d) to senior staff who want to start a family. 
draw up -> elaborar 
drawback -> desvantagem, inconveniente, obstáculo 
scant regard -> pouca consideração 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 13 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
e) to parents and youth workers up to the age of sixteen. 
Comentários: Observe que a resposta já se encontra na primeira alternativa. 
a) Item correto. Vejam o que o 3o parágrafo afirma: The current rules are 
limited to parents of children under 16 and carers, and Cooper wants to extend 
them. “You want people to offer flexible working from the beginning and we 
need to look again at how the legislation can support different ways of doing 
that,” she said. Percebam que Ms. Cooper, a secretária do trabalho, afirma que 
as regras atuais são limitadas e que ela deseja aumentar sua abrangência. Ela 
quer que o horário flexível seja oferecido desde o início, quando a pessoa entra 
no emprego (from the beginning), o que transmite a mesma ideia de from the 
outset. 
 
 
 
b) Item incorreto. A proposta da Ms Cooper é para abrangente, para todos os 
trabalhadores, e não somente para pais e mães. 
 
 
 
c) Item incorreto. Invenção completa do examinador! Os horários flexíveis 
não seriam só para os trabalhadores já estabelecidos nos seus empregos, depois 
de seis meses. 
d) Item incorreto. Para senior staff (trabalhadores mais velhos) que querem 
começar uma família. Não tem nada disso no texto. 
e) Item incorreto. Ms Cooper quer que os horários sejam flexíveis para pais 
trabalhadores de crianças maiores de 16 anos, porque atualmente eles já são 
flexíveis para os pais de crianças menores de 16. De qualquer forma, isso não 
tem nenhuma relação com youth workers up to the age of sixteen (até 16 anos). 
The current rules are limited to parents of children under 16 and carers, and 
Cooper wants to extend them. 
 A 
 
(ESAF / AFT / 2010) Read the text and answer questions. 
The International Labour Organization 
 
The International Labour Organization (ILO) is devoted to advancing 
opportunities for women and men to obtain decent and productive work in 
conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity. Its main aims are to 
from the beginning <-> from the outset 
concurrently -> simultaneamente 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 14 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
promote rights at work, encourage decent employment opportunities, enhance 
social protection and strengthen dialogue in handling work-related issues. 
Origins and history 
The ILO was founded in 1919, in the wake of a destructive war, to pursue a 
visionbased on the premise that universal, lasting peace can be established 
only if it is based upon decent treatment of working people. The ILO became 
the first specialized agency of the UN in 1946. 
 
ILO’s vision of decent work 
Work is central to people’s well-being. In addition to providing income, work can 
pave the way for broader social and economic advancement, strengthening 
individuals, their families and communities. Such progress, however, hinges on 
work that is decent. Decent work sums up the aspirations of people in their 
working lives. 
Tripartism and social dialogue 
The ILO is the only ‘tripartite’ United Nations agency in that it brings together 
representatives of governments, employers and workers to jointly shape policies 
and programmes. This unique arrangement gives the ILO an edge in 
incorporating ‘real world’ knowledge about employment and work. 
Source: http://www.ilo.org/global/About_the_ILO/lang--en/index.html 
 
9. The International Labour Organization seeks to 
a) encourage social equality at international level. 
b) foster workers’ rights and good working practices. 
c) stamp out protectionism and restrictive practices. 
d) promote national wealth through higher productivity. 
e) overturn protective practices in the 
. 
Comentários: A questão quer saber qual é o objetivo do ILO, o que a entidade 
busca (seeks to). O primeiro parágrafo do texto tem essa informação: The 
International Labour Organization (ILO) is devoted to advancing opportunities 
for women and men to obtain decent and productive work in conditions of 
freedom, equity, security and human dignity. Its main aims are to promote 
rights at work, encourage decent employment opportunities, enhance social 
protection and strengthen dialogue in handling work-related issues. Vamos ver 
qual alternativa se adequa melhor ao que está escrito no texto. 
a) Item incorreto. O ILO não encoraja a igualdade social de modo geral, mas 
sim a igualdade no trabalho. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 15 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
b) Item correto. Foster aqui quer dizer promover, fomentar. E é isso mesmo 
que o ILO quer, ou seja, promover os direitos dos trabalhadores e as boas 
práticas de trabalho (promote rights at work). 
c) Item incorreto. O objetivo do ILO é promover boas práticas, e não eliminar 
as práticas ruins. Muito cuidado com o jogo de palavras do examinador. São 
situações parecidas, mas não é isso que o texto fala. 
 
 
 
d) Item incorreto. Promover a riqueza nacional (national wealth) por meio de 
alta produtividade não é o objetivo do ILO. 
e) Item incorreto. Segundo o texto, o ILO busca enhance social protection e 
não overturn protective practices. Essa foi mais uma daquelas questões que 
exigem um pouco mais de vocabulário! Quando for assim, procure encontrar a 
resposta correta por eliminação. 
 B 
 
 
 
10. The founders of the ILO believed that 
a) the people must wake up again after a damaging war. 
b) decent social rights must be promoted by advanced countries. 
c) individuals’ mercenary aims reinforce community life. 
d) good working conditions are essential to maintain world peace. 
e) the ILO favours tripartite progress between men, women and the UN. 
Comentários: No que acreditavam os fundadores do ILO? Vamos dar uma 
olhada no que diz o 2o parágrafo: The ILO was founded in 1919, in the wake of 
a destructive war, to pursue a vision based on the premise that universal, lasting 
peace can be established only if it is based upon decent treatment of working 
people. 
a) Item incorreto. As crenças dos fundadores do ILO têm relação com as 
condições de trabalho e sua relação com a paz mundial. A alternativa fala 
somente que as pessoas precisam acordar (wake up) depois da guerra. 
b) Item incorreto. Não se fala no papel dos países desenvolvidos no texto. 
c) Item incorreto. Os objetivos mercenários ajudam a reforçar a vida em 
comunidade? O texto não transmite essa ideia. 
stamp out -> eliminar 
overturn -> derrubar, anular 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 16 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
 
d) Item correto. É isso mesmo que o 2o parágrafo diz: lasting peace can be 
established only if it is based upon decent treatment of working people. 
 
e) Item incorreto. O texto não diz que o ILO favorece o progresso tripartidário 
entre homem, mulher e as Nações Unidas. 
 D 
 
11. The phrase “gives the ILO an edge” [paragraph 4 line 4] means 
a) offers the ILO a shove. 
b) cuts the ILO to the quick. 
c) sends the ILO to the rearguard. 
d) lumps the ILO together with. 
e) provides the ILO with an advantage. 
Comentários: A questão quer saber o significado da expressão “gives the ILO 
an edge”. Vamos ver onde esse termo está sendo utilizado e tentar entender o 
que ele significa pelo contexto. The ILO is the only ‘tripartite’ United Nations 
agency in that it brings together representatives of governments, employers 
and workers to jointly shape policies and programmes. This unique arrangement 
gives the ILO an edge in incorporating ‘real world’ knowledge about employment 
and work. Aqui o texto está explicando os benefícios da forma tripartida da ILO, 
que reúne (brings together) representantes do governo, empregadores e 
trabalhadores, para que em conjunto (jointly) eles desenvolvam políticas e 
programas (policies e programmes). Ok, tudo isso parece muito bom, vocês não 
acham? O texto ainda continua, dizendo que esse unique arrangement (arranjo 
único) gives the ILO an edge na incorporação de conhecimento do mundo real 
sobre emprego e trabalho. Dá para inferir que se trata de uma coisa boa, porque 
é um arranjo único que dá (gives) ao ILO algum diferencial. 
Agora, vamos analisar as alternativas. 
a) Item incorreto. Shove tem o sentido de empurrar, mas não é um 
“empurrãozinho” no sentido brasileiro da coisa, é um empurrão ruim mesmo, 
daqueles que podem derrubar. Não é isso que o texto diz. 
b) Item incorreto. Elimina o ILO rapidamente. Também não faz sentido, de 
acordo com o contexto que entendemos acima. 
aim -> objetivo, propósito 
lasting peace -> paz duradoura 
based upon -> baseado 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 17 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
c) Item incorreto. Manda o ILO para retaguarda, ou seja, o deixa em 
desvantagem, para trás. Também não parece fazer sentido. 
d) Item incorreto. Agrupa o ILO junto com... colocando essa expressão no 
lugar da outra, a frase perde o sentido. 
 
 
 
 
 
e) Item correto. É exatamente isso que o termo gives an edge quer dizer! 
Pessoal, essa questão também requer um pouco mais de vocabulário! Vamos 
treinando e aprendendo novos termos – com o nosso esforço, e um pouquinho 
de sorte, não seremos surpreendidos na hora da prova! 
 E 
 
(ESAF / Analista Técnico da Susep / 2010) Read the text below entitled 
“Regulation Modernization” in order to answer the questions: 
Regulation Modernization 
Source: www.iii.org (Adapted)Jan, 2010 
Insurance is regulated by the individual states. The move to modernize 
insurance regulation is being driven in part by the globalization of insurance 
services. Some large U.S. companies that operate in other countries support the 
concept of a federal system that provides one-stop regulatory approval while 
others believe the merits of a state system outweigh the virtues of a single 
national regulator. As a result of discussions about the merits of each system, 
states are making it easier for insurers to respond quickly to market forces. 
States monitor insurance company solvency. One important function related tothis is overseeing rate changes. Rate making is the process of calculating a price 
to cover the future cost of insurance claims and expenses, including a margin 
for profi t. To establish rates, insurers look at past trends and changes in the 
current environment that may affect potential losses in the future. 
Increasingly, even in the most regulated states, officials are relying on 
competition among insurance companies to keep rates down and are 
modernizing and streamlining the rate setting process. 
 
12. According to paragraph 1, the globalization of insurance services has 
a) infringed the insurance regulation. 
shove -> empurrão 
to the quick -> rapidamente 
reaguard -> retaguarda 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 18 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
b) brought about a particular move. 
c) lessened competition among insurance companies. 
d) significantly enhanced their quality. 
e) helped precipitate a financial crisis. 
Comentários: Vamos ver o que o 1o parágrafo diz. Vou transcrever só a 
primeira parte: Insurance is regulated by the individual states. The move to 
modernize insurance regulation is being driven in part by the globalization of 
insurance services. Já conseguimos identificar exatamente o termo da pergunta: 
globalization of insurance services. E o que essa globalização está causando? 
The move to modernize insurance regulation. Ótimo! Agora vamos analisar as 
alternativas: 
a) Item incorreto. A primeira frase do texto fala que os seguros são regulados 
pelos estados, mas não fala nada sobre a globalização dos serviços de 
seguradora estar infringindo (infringed) a regulação. 
b) Item correto. Trouxe um movimento particular, com certeza: the move to 
modernize insurance regulation. 
 
 
 
c) Item incorreto. A competição não foi diminuída pela globalização. 
 
 
d) Item incorreto. A qualidade não melhorou por causa da globalização dos 
serviços, pelo menos não podemos afirmar isso com base no primeiro parágrafo 
do texto. 
 
 
e) Item incorreto. Ajudou a precipitar a crise? O primeiro parágrafo não fala 
isso. 
 B 
13. According to paragraph 2, rates 
a) differ in different situations. 
b) remain unchanged over long periods. 
c) are set by the individual states. 
d) are not expected to vary. 
e) represent the net profit of insurance companies. 
brought about -> ocasionar 
lessened -> diminuído 
enhanced -> melhorar, aumentar, reforçar 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 19 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
Comentários: Vamos ver o que o 2o parágrafo fala sobre rates: States monitor 
insurance company solvency. One important function related to this is 
overseeing rate changes. Rate making is the process of calculating a price to 
cover the future cost of insurance claims and expenses, including a margin for 
profi t. To establish rates, insurers look at past trends and changes in the current 
environment that may affect potential losses in the future. 
a) Item correto. A segunda frase do parágrafo entrega claramente a resposta: 
rate changes. Isso significa que as rates (taxas) são diferentes de acordo com 
a situação. Se você continuar lendo o 2o parágrafo, isso fica ainda mais claro. 
b) Item incorreto. A afirmativa aqui é exatamente o contrário da anterior e, 
portanto, está errada. 
 
c) Item incorreto. Nada disso! As rates não são determinadas pelos estados. 
 
 
 
d) Item incorreto. Já vimos que as rates mudam o tempo todo. 
e) Item incorreto. Net profit? O examinador está viajando. Não temos essa 
informação no texto. 
 
 
 A 
 
14. According to paragraph 3, 
a) rates must be kept down by officials. 
b) competition may generate excessive rates. 
c) competition is expected to impact on rates. 
d) rates have to be kept below approved ceilings. 
e) the rate setting process was at last streamlined. 
remain -> permanece 
unchanged -> sem mudança 
net profit -> lucro líquido 
Set by -> estabelecido, determinado 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 20 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
Comentários: Terceiro parágrafo, here we go (aqui vamos nós): Increasingly, 
even in the most regulated states, officials are relying on competition among 
insurance companies to keep rates down and are modernizing and streamlining 
the rate setting process. Essa questão é essencialmente de interpretação! 
Vamos entender o que o 3o parágrafo está dizendo antes de ler as alternativas. 
Mesmo os estados com maior nível de regulação (most regulates states), estão 
confiando (relying on) na competition among (entre) insurance companies to 
keep rates down. 
 
a) Item incorreto. Os oficiais não precisam manter as taxas baixas, na 
verdade eles estão esperando que a competição entre as seguradoras faça isso 
sozinha: officials are relying on competition among insurance companies to keep 
rates down. 
b) Item incorreto. A competição não vai gerar excessive rates, ela vai ajudar 
a manter as taxas baixas e a modernizar e racionalizar o rate setting process. 
c) Item correto. Sim! É esperado que competition impacte as rates. 
d) Item incorreto. Estamos falando o tempo todo de competição no mercado 
globalizado, o que é incompatível com uma determinação (have to) para mantar 
as taxas abaixo de limites aprovados (approved ceillings). 
 
 
e) Item incorreto. O termo at last (pelo menos, enfim) na maioria das vezes 
é usado no sentino pejorativo, conotando algo ruim. Aqui, quer dizer que pelo 
menos o rate setting process foi streamlined. O processo realmente foi 
racionalizado, mas houve outros benefícios, fora que isso está acontecendo. 
Lembra que estudamos isso hoje, sobre o present continuous? officials (...) are 
modernizing and streamlining the rate setting process. O rate setting process 
estão sendo modernizado e racionalizado, é uma ação em andamento. 
Viram como a gramática pode ajudar na interpretação? 
 C 
 
(ESAF / Analista Técnico da Susep / 2010) Read the text below entitled “A 
world of connections” in order to answer the questions: 
streamlining -> simplificando, racionalizando 
relying on -> confiando ou dependendo (depende do contexto) 
among -> entre 
increasingly -> cada vez mais 
ceilings -> teto, limite 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 21 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
A world of connections 
Source: www.economist.com (Adapted) Jan 28th, 2010 
To sceptics all this talk of twittering, yammering and chattering smacks of 
another internet bubble in the making. They argue that even a huge social 
network such as Facebook will struggle to make money because fickle 
networkers will not stay in one place for long, pointing to the example of 
MySpace, which was once all the rage but has now become a shadow of its 
former self. Last year the site, which is owned by News Corp, installed a new 
boss and fired 45% of its staff as part of a plan to revive its fortunes. 
Within companies there is plenty of doubt about the benefits of online social 
networking in the office. A survey of 1,400 chief information officers conducted 
last year by Robert Half Technology, a recruitment firm, found that only one-
tenth of them gave employees full access to such networks during the day, and 
that many were blocking Facebook and Twitter altogether. The executives’ 
biggest concern was that social networking would lead to social notworking, with 
employees using the sites to chat with friends instead of doing their jobs. Some 
bosses also fretted that the sites would be used to leaksensitive corporate 
information. 
 
15. According to paragraph 1, the site MySpace 
a) has turned into the most popular social network. 
b) attracts more networkers than Facebook. 
c) played a minor role as a social-networking site. 
d) convinced sceptics of its outstanding value. 
e) laid off almost half of its staff. 
Comentários: O que o 1o parágrafo tem a dizer sobre o MySpace? They argue 
that even a huge social network such as Facebook will struggle to make money 
because fickle networkers will not stay in one place for long, pointing to the 
example of MySpace, which was once all the rage but has now become a shadow 
of its former self. Last year the site, which is owned by News Corp, installed a 
new boss and fired 45% of its staff as part of a plan to revive its fortunes. 
Segundo o texto, o MySpace já foi o site da moda (all the rage), mas hoje se 
tornou a shadow of its former self. That’s pretty bad! 
 
a shadow of its former self -> uma sombra do que ele mesmo já foi 
um dia (antigamente) 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 22 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
Além disso, o MySpace contratou um chefe novo (installed a new boss) e fired 
45% of its staff. 
 
 
 
Agora estamos prontos pra encarar as alternativas. 
a) Item incorreto. MySpace was once all the rage, mas hoje não é mais. 
Mesmo que você não saiba o que é o rage, uma empresa que muda a sua chefia 
(installed a new boss) e manda embora (fired) 45% dos seu staff, não pode 
estar indo muito bem a ponto de ser the most popular social network. 
A expressão all the rage pode ter sentidos diferentes: 
 
 
b) Item incorreto. Se o MySpace saiu de moda, é pouco provável que atráia 
mais seguidores do que o Facebook. 
c) Item incorreto. Atenção! Essa é a alternativa mais perigosa! O MySpace, 
no passado foi uma rede social importante e popular (all the rage), então não 
podemos afirmar que ela played a minor role (papel menor) as a (como uma) 
social-networking. 
d) Item incorreto. Os céticos (sceptics) não foram convencidos do valor 
excepcional (outstanding) do MySpace. Na verdade, eles não foram convencidos 
sobre nada! To sceptics all this talk of twittering, yammering and chattering 
smacks of another internet bubble in the making. Para eles, todo esse papo 
parece só outra bolha da internet se formando. 
e) Item correto. O texto afirma que 45% do staff foi mandado embora, isso 
equivale a quase metade (almost halfi) do staff. 
 
 
 E 
 
ALL THE 
RAGE 
Raiva, 
furor, fúria 
Moda 
A person overwhelmed ends by 
expressing all the rage and 
anger that leads to self-
destruction. 
Suitcases full of cash became all 
the rage in Brazil. 
 
fired -> despedido 
staff -> funcionários 
laid off <-> fired <-> demitir 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 23 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
16. According to paragraph 2, the benefits of online social networking in the 
office are 
a) undeniable. 
b) numerous. 
c) long-lasting. 
d) uncertain. 
e) predictable. 
Comentários: A questão quer saber quais são os benefícios das redes sociais 
no escritório ou trabalho (office). Within companies there is plenty of doubt 
about the benefits of online social networking in the office. A survey of 1,400 
chief information officers conducted last year by Robert Half Technology, a 
recruitment firm, found that only one-tenth of them gave employees full access 
to such networks during the day, and that many were blocking Facebook and 
Twitter altogether. The executives’ biggest concern was that social networking 
would lead to social notworking, with employees using the sites to chat with 
friends instead of doing their jobs. Some bosses also fretted that the sites would 
be used to leak sensitive corporate information. 
A primeira frase do parágrafo já é suficiente para matar a questão! There is 
plenty of doubt about the benfits. O texto continua dizendo que muitas 
empresas bloquearam o Facebook e o Twitter com medo de que seus 
funcionários não tabalhem ou mesmo vazem (leak) informações corporativas 
por meio das redes sociais. Portanto, a alternativa d é a correta! Os benefícios 
são uncertain (incertos). 
 
 D 
17. According to paragraph 2, some bosses also worried that through the 
sites sensitive corporate information would be 
a) altered. 
b) distorted. 
c) made classified. 
d) disclosed. 
undeniable -> inegáveis 
long-lasting -> longa duração 
predictable -> previsíveis 
leak -> vazamento 
plenty of doubt -> muitas dúvidas 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 24 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
e) negotiated. 
Comentários: Acabamos de ver qual é uma das preocupações (worries) dos 
bosses (chefes) sobre as corporte information. Some bosses also fretted that 
the sites would be used to leak sensitive corporate information. A alternativa 
correta é a letra d! Disclosed quer dizer divulgado. Cuidado com a alternativa 
e, negotiated, o fato de a informação ter sido divulgada ou vazada, não significa 
necessáriamente que ela foi negociada ou vendida. 
 
 
 D 
 
(ESAF / Analista Técnico da Susep / 2010) Read the text below entitled 
“Recent developments” in order to answer the questions: 
Recent developments 
Source: www.bls.gov (Adapted) Jan 28th, 2010 
The recent financial crisis has resulted in large losses for the insurance industry. 
Industry conditions in the near term remain tenuous, particularly as many 
companies will continue to experience declining revenues, investment losses, 
and credit rating downgrades, which can affect an insurer’s ability to repay debt 
by having to pay a higher interest rate. Additionally, insurance companies that 
were trading in credit default swaps and other risky instruments without 
sufficient hedging suffered especially hard, and some companies even became 
insolvent. Companies with prudent risk management strategies also suffered 
large losses, because most investment instruments owned by insurance 
companies experienced falling values as they were being sold or marked down 
as the stock market deteriorated in late 2008. Nonetheless, as insurers rebuild 
capital and adhere to stricter Federal regulations, the insurance industry is likely 
to stabilize. 
The Internet is an important tool for insurance carriers in reaching potential and 
existing customers. Insurance carriers use the Internet to enable customers to 
access online account and billing information, view insurance quotes, and 
purchase policies. 
 
18. According to the text, large losses 
a) have been faced by the insurance industry. 
b) were easily foreseen by the insurance industry. 
c) might be caused by the insurance industry. 
d) should have been prevented by the industry. 
made classified -> confidencial, secreta 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 25 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
e) may be overcome by the insurance industry. 
Comentários: O que podemos afirmar sobre large losses de acordo com o 
texto? The recent financial crisis has resulted in large losses for the insurance 
industry. 
a) Item correto. O texto é bem claro ao afirmar que a crise (financial crisis) 
resultdou em grandes perdas (large losses). 
 
 
b) Item incorreto. As perdas não foram previstas (foreseen) facilmente pela 
indústria de seguros. 
c) Item incorreto. As perdas não foram causadas pela própria insurance 
industry. 
d) Item incorreto. As perdas deveriam ter sido evitadas (prevented) pela 
indústria de seguros? O texto não diz isso! 
e) Item incorreto.Podem ser overcome (superadas) pela indústria de 
seguros. Também não podemos afirmar isso com base no texto. Vejam o que é 
dito no final do 1o parágrafo: Nonetheless, as insurers rebuild capital and adhere 
to stricter Federal regulations, the insurance industry is likely to stabilize. 
Quando as seguradoras efetuarem a recomposição do seu capital e aderirem às 
regulamentações federais, é provavel (is likely) que elas se estabilizem. 
 A 
19. The author defines the industry conditions in the near term as tenuous, 
which means they are 
a) strong, but predictable. 
b) stable and vigorous. 
c) weak and likely to change. 
d) positive and promising. 
e) unfavourable and not changing. 
Comentários: The recent financial crisis has resulted in large losses for the 
insurance industry. Industry conditions in the near term remain tenuous, 
particularly as many companies will continue to experience declining revenues, 
investment losses, and credit rating downgrades, which can affect an insurer’s 
ability to repay debt by having to pay a higher interest rate. O que o autor do 
texto quer dizer ao afirmar que as condições da indústria a curto prazo (near 
tearm) são tenous? Tenous quer dizer tênue. Pessoal, pra acertar a questão 
basta interpretar o significado da palavra. O que quer dizer tênue? Frágil! O 
texto elenca várias siutações pelas quais as seguradoras estão passando, 
nenhuma delas positiva. 
have been faced -> foram encaradas 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 26 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
Agora basta procurar a alternativa que mais se adequa ao sentido da palavra e, 
claro, à situação da indústria seguradora, de acordo com o que é descrito no 
texto. 
 
 
 
 
 
a) Item incorreto. Strong, but predictable. 
b) Item incorreto. Stable and vigorous. 
c) Item correto. Weak and likely to change. A situação é fraca e com 
possibilidade (likely) de mudança. 
d) Item incorreto. Positive and promising. 
e) Item incorreto. Unfavourable and not changing. 
 C 
20. According to the text, 
a) the insurance industry has stabilized. 
b) Federal regulations are becoming more severe. 
c) management strategies prevented losses. 
d) large losses were caused by insurers. 
e) insurers were indeed capable of rebuilding capital. 
Comentários: De acordo com o texto... 
a) Item incorreto. Considerando as informações do texto, a indústria de 
seguros com certeza não está estabilizada! 
b) Item correto. O texto é claro em afirmar que a regulação federal se tornou 
stricter (mais rígida), ou seja, mais severa, como diz a alternativa. Veja: 
Nonetheless, as insurers rebuild capital and adhere to stricter Federal 
regulations, the insurance industry is likely to stabilize. 
c) Item incorreto. Já vimos que as perdas aconteceram, então não sentido 
dizer que estratégias gerenciais (management strategies) prevented losses. 
d) Item incorreto. O que causou as perdas foi a crise financeira, e não as 
seguradoras. The recent financial crisis has resulted in large losses for the 
insurance industry. 
e) Item incorreto. Atenção!! Essa é a alternativa mais perigosa porque é uma 
palavrinha, indeed, que faz com que ela fique errada. 
declining revenues -> rendimentos decrescentes 
investment losses -> perdas em investimentos 
credit rating downgrades -> rebaixamento de classificação de crédito 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 27 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
 
 
Não podemos dizer que as seguradoras were indeed capable (foram certamente 
capazes) de recompor o seu capital! A recomposição do capital está acontecendo 
ainda: as insurers rebuild capital – à medida que as seguradoras recompõem 
capital. 
 B 
 
21. According to the text, the role played by the Internet within the insurance 
industry is 
a) secondary. 
b) undefined. 
c) overvalued. 
d) underestimated. 
e) relevant. 
Comentários: a questão quer sabe qual foi o papel (the role played) da internet 
considerando a indústria de seguros. The Internet is an important tool for 
insurance carriers in reaching potential and existing customers. Insurance 
carriers use the Internet to enable customers to access online account and 
billing information, view insurance quotes, and purchase policies. A resposta 
correta só pode ser a alternativa e, relevant, afinal a internet foi uma tool 
(ferramenta) para as seguradoras. As alternativas a, b e d expressam ideias 
contrárias a algo importante. 
 
 
 
 
A alternativa c, overvalued, também não está correta, afinal o papel da 
internet foi reconhecido devidamente, e não de modo superestimado. 
 
 
 E 
 
3.2 FCC 
 
indeed -> com certeza, verdadeiramente, realmente 
secondary -> secundário 
undefined -> indefinido 
underestimated -> subestimado 
overvalued -> sobrevalorizado 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 28 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
(FCC/ Analista de Geoprocessamento/ 2016) Atenção: A questão refere-
se ao texto apresentado abaixo. As cores originais dos mapas 2, 3 e 4 foram 
alteradas para visualização em tons de cinza. 
 
Using analysis, we can feel confident in the spatial patterns we see, and in the 
decisions that we make. Putting your data on a map is an important first step 
for finding patterns and understanding trends. Here we’re looking at crimes that 
happened in San Francisco, about 37,000 of them. Looking at the points on a 
map, can you find the clusters or patterns in this point data? Can you decide 
where the police department should allocate its resources? Just looking at points 
on a map is often not enough to answer questions or make decisions using this 
kind of point data. That’s where the spatial analysis tools in ArcGIS come in. 
 
 
 
We’ve all seen heat maps on TV or in web application-beautiful maps that show 
high-density areas in bright red, and low-density areas in blue. These maps are 
used to visualize crime, disease, and a whole host of other types of data and 
information. These heat maps can be a great first step in a visual analysis of 
your data, ...I... they can also be very subjective. What does that mean? 
Well, the two heat maps shown below reflect the same San Francisco Crime 
data, and were created using the same tool. The only difference is the criteria 
that were used to decide what appears very dark (high density) and what 
appears very light (low density). These types of cartographic elements that we 
incorporate into our maps can have a huge impact on the story that the map 
tells. 
 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 29 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
 If the decisions that you’re trying to make as a result of your analyses are 
important, and they usually are, you’ll want to minimize subjectivity as 
much ..I..I.. . A great way to minimize the subjectivity in your pattern analysis 
is to use a hot spot analysis, which incorporates a simple spatial statistic to 
determine if the patterns that you’re seeing are statistically significant or not. 
The hot spot map is shown here. 
 
 
 
So what makes this type of map any less subjective than density-based heat 
maps? The very dark areas on hot spot maps are statistically significant clusters 
of high values (hot spots), and the very light areas are statistically significant 
clusters of low values (cold spots). What’s dark and what’s light is always based 
on statistical significance. Using hot spot analysis, we can feel confident in 
the spatial patterns that we see, and in the decisions that we make. 
(http://resources.arcgis.com/en/communities/analysis/017z00000015000000.htm)22. A palavra que preenche corretamente a lacuna I é 
a) because 
b) so 
c) therefore 
d) but 
e) since 
Comentários: Veja These heat maps can be a great first step in a visual 
analysis of your data, ...I... they can also be very subjective. (Esses mapas de 
calor podem ser um ótimo primeiro passo em uma análise visual de seus dados, 
...... eles também podem ser muito subjetivos). Claramente vemos que a ideia 
da segunda frase se opõe a da primeira. Portanto, o gabarito é a letra D. 
a) Item incorreto. Because significa porque, ou seja, justifica. Não há 
contraste de ideias aqui. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 30 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
b) Item incorreto. So quer dizer então e traz uma ideia de consequência. 
c) Item incorreto. Therefore significa portanto, por esse motivo, por isso, 
trazendo uma ligação entre causa e consequência. 
d) Item correto. But significa mas e completa a ideia do texto com o devido 
contraste. 
e) Item incorreto. Since pode significar desde ou uma vez que. Ambos 
significados não proporcionam contraste. 
 D 
 
(FCC/ Advogado Júnior/ Metro SP/ 2016) Atenção: A questão refere-se ao 
texto abaixo. 
 
Judges Push Brevity in Briefs, and Get a Torrent of Arguments 
 
By ELIZABETH OLSON 
OCT. 3, 2016 
 
The Constitution of the United States clocks in at 4,543 words. Yet a number of 
lawyers contend that 14,000 words are barely enough to lay out their legal 
arguments. 
That’s the maximum word count for briefs filed in federal appellate courts. For 
years, judges have complained that too many briefs are repetitive and full of 
outmoded legal jargon, and that they take up too much of their time. 
A recent proposal to bring the limit down by 1,500 words unleashed an outcry 
among lawyers. 
Lawyers in criminal, environmental and securities law insisted that briefs’ 
lengths should not be shortened because legal issues and statutes are more 
complex than ever. 
As a result, the new word limit − which takes effect on Dec. 1 − will be 13,500 
words, a reduction of only 500 words. And appellate judges will have the 
freedom to opt out of the limits. 
The new limit may not provide much relief for judges deluged with verbose 
briefs. 
While workloads vary, according to federal court data, the average federal 
appeals court judge, for example, might need to read filings for around 1,200 
cases annually. 
That amount of reading − especially bad reading − can thin the patience of even 
the most diligent judge. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 31 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
Briefs “are too long to be persuasive,” said Laurence H. Silberman, a judge on 
the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. 
In arguing against a reduction of words, the American Academy of Appellate 
Lawyers urged singling out “bad briefs” rather than only lengthy ones. It advised 
courts to “post on their court websites short videos outlining how to write a 
decent brief.” 
Robert N. Markle, a federal appellate lawyer, has argued − in his own personal 
view, not the government’s − that the limit should be reduced to 10,000 words. 
In a typical case, he said, “nothing justifies even approaching, much less 
reaching or exceeding 14,000 words.” 
Still, he acknowledged that the cut of 500 words “was at least a start.” 
 
(Adapted from http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/04/business/dealbook/ 
judges-push-brevity-in-briefs-and-get-a-torrent-of-arguments. html?_r=0) 
 
23. A melhor tradução para are barely enough, no trecho Yet a number of 
lawyers contend that 14,000 words are barely enough tolay out their legal 
arguments, é: 
a) são absolutamente insuficientes. 
b) são mais do que suficientes. 
c) são certamente suficientes. 
d) quase não são suficientes. 
e) são quase suficientes. 
Comentários: A questão basicamente quer saber a tradução do trecho are 
barely enough (mal são suficientes). De cara vemos que o gabarito é a letra D. 
Aqui não é necessário comentar alternativa por alternativa, não é mesmo? 
 D 
(FCC/ Professor SEC-BA/ 2018) 
 
Want to travel? Be careful! Two countries with high risks for tourists 
 
Chad: This African country has had some bad incidents with its political 
temperatures from its past. It has a high insecurity classification. It also has a 
high prevalence of armed bandits and groups; in fact its armed forces have to 
control the nation. Because of this, it is probable that travelers will encounter 
armed vehicles, attack helicopters and armed forces. The capital, Kinshasa, is 
particularly notorious for its crime at any time of the day. If you are in the 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 32 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
country, don’t take photographs, don’t trust anyone who offers assistance, and 
don’t go to areas that the natives classify as high risk. 
 
Bangladesh: In south-east Asia, Bangladesh experiences regular terrorist 
attacks. In addition to this, extreme weather conditions put this nation as having 
a high risk of natural calamities such as earth tremors, flooding and cyclones. 
In contrast, the Bangladeshi people are very friendly and hospitable. Even 
though this is the case, be careful because incidences can happen. 
 
(Adapted from: http://wojournals.com) 
 
24. Segundo o texto acima, 
a) o clima político é pior do que o clima ambiental nos dois países. 
b) o país africano sofre das consequências da mudança climática. 
c) o país asiático oferece um ambiente sujeito a terríveis condições climáticas. 
d) os dois países são sujeitos a terremotos. 
e) os dois países sofrem de taxas altas de criminalidade. 
Comentários: A questão que saber sobre o assunto principal do texto. 
a) Item incorreto. O texto mostra que o Chad possui problemas políticos e que 
Bangladesh tem problemas climáticos e políticos, ou seja, o clima político não é 
pior que o ambiental nos dois países. 
b) Item incorreto. Olhe o trecho It has a high insecurity classification. It also 
has a high prevalence of armed bandits and groups; in fact its armed forces 
have to control the nation. Vemos que o país africano tem uma classificação de 
alta insegurança e uma alta prevalência de bandidos armados e grupo, 
precisando até de que suas forças armadas controlem a nação. 
c) Item correto. É isso mesmo! O país asiático oferece um ambiente sujeito 
a terríveis condições climáticas. 
d) Item incorreto. Após a leitura do texto, vemos que somente Bangladesh 
se sujeita a terremotos. 
e) Item incorreto. Aqui precisamos entender a diferença entre criminalidade 
e terrorismo. Sabemos que o terrorismo é mais radical, não é mesmo? Pelo 
texto, sabe-se que o Chad tem crimilidade e Bangladesh vivencia ataques 
terroristas regulares. Bangladesh experiences regular terrorist attacks. 
 C 
 
25. Segundo o texto acima, 
a) um dos países é mais amigável que o outro. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 33 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
b) as pessoas em ambos países são agressivas e pouco confiáveis. 
c) as pessoas que quiserem tirar fotos devem pedir ajuda aos nativos. 
d) os nativos do país africano se destacam pela sua hospitalidade. 
e) as pessoas que precisarem de orientações turísticas devem pedir ajuda às 
forças armadas. 
Comentários: A questão traz tópicos diferentes nas alternativas. 
a) Item correto. Vemos que Bangladesh é mais amigável. 
b) Item incorreto. Nada a ver. Em Bangladesh as pessoas são hospitaleiras, 
amigáveis. 
c) Item incorreto. Pelo contrário.Pelo trecho “If you are in the country, don’t 
take photographs, don’t trust anyone who offers assistance, and don’t go to 
areas that the natives classify as high risk.” vemos que se você estiver no país, 
não tire fotos, não confie em ninguém que ofereça assistência e não vá para 
áreas que os nativos classificam como de alto risco. 
d) Item incorreto. A hospitalidade é oferecida por Bangladesh. 
e) Item incorreto. O texto não diz isso. 
 A 
26. Segundo o texto acima, 
a) os turistas devem preferir viagens por helicópteros. 
b) as duas capitais oferecem comércio 24 horas. 
c) as forças armadas na pequena nação asiática são hospitaleiras. 
d) a capital de um dos países é conhecida por ser violenta a qualquer hora. 
e) as forças armadas asseguram o transporte para turistas nos dois países. 
Comentários: Mais uma vez nos deparamos com assuntos diferentes nas 
alternativas. 
a) Item incorreto. Os helicópteros são de ataque (attack helicopters). 
b) Item incorreto. O texto não fala nada disso. 
c) Item incorreto. A população é amigável e não as forças armadas. 
d) Item correto. Exatamente isso. A capital, Kinshasa, é particularmente 
conhecida por seu crime a qualquer hora do dia (Kinshasa, is particularly 
notorious for its crime at any time of the day). 
e) Item incorreto. Nada disso. Segundo o texto, as forças armadas devem 
controlar o país em Chad. 
 D 
 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 34 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
(FCC/ Auditor fiscal/ SEFAZ-MA/2016) 
Atenção: Para responder à questão, considere o texto abaixo. 
 
In the United States of America, an income tax audit is the examination of a 
business or individual tax return by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) or state 
tax authority. The IRS and various state revenue departments use the terms 
audit, examination, review, and notice to describe various aspects of 
enforcement and administration of the tax laws. 
 
The purpose of a tax audit or a return examination is to determine ...I... reports 
filed with the taxing authorities are correct. The tax agencies identify and 
resolve taxpayer errors. 
 
There are several different methods used to select individuals and businesses 
for examination. 
 
Employers and financial institutions, among other organizations, are required 
by law to send documentation (W-2's and 1099's, for example) to the IRS. The 
IRS uses software to ensure that the numbers on a tax return match the 
numbers the IRS receives from third parties. If the documentation does not 
match, the return may be examined. 
 
When a tax return is filed, the IRS uses computer software called the 
Discriminant Index Function System (DIF) to analyze the return for oddities and 
discrepancies. Once the return has been processed through DIF, it is given a 
score. If the DIF score is high enough (i.e. a large amount of oddities or 
discrepancies are found), that tax return may be selected for examination. The 
formulas the IRS use to create the DIF software and analysis are a closely 
guarded secret. 
 
Filed tax returns are also subjected to an evaluation called the UIDIF, or the 
Unreported Income Discriminant Function System. This evaluation involves the 
analysis of tax returns based on a series of factors to determine a tax return's 
potential for unreported income. Returns that are found to have a high UIDIF 
score (i.e. the likelihood of unreported income) and a high DIF score may be 
selected for examination. The IRS formulas used to calculate UDIF are secret, 
but it is commonly thought that the IRS uses statistical comparisons between 
returns to determine UIDIF potential. 
 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 35 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
The IRS selects a certain amount of income tax returns to be audited each year 
through random selection. No errors need to be found for the Enforcement 
branch to examine a tax return. Random selection exams tend to be more 
extensive and time-consuming than other forms of review. 
 
The practice of random selection has been a source of controversy for many 
years. The practice was suspended for a short time in the early 2000s amid 
criticism that the audits were too burdensome and intrusive. The IRS revived 
the practice in the fall of 2006. 
(Adapted from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income_tax_audit) 
 
ATENÇÃO 
Pessoal, aqui, antes de entrarmos nos comentários das alternativas, queria 
falar um pouco sobre o verbo there + to be (3º parágrafo, em destaque). 
Aprendemos que o to be significa ser ou estar. Depende do contexto. As 
variações do verbo to be, quando conjugado, são am, is ou are, certo? Agora 
quando falamos de there to be o significado é outro! Aqui temos o verbo ter, 
no sentido de haver ou existir. Mas ter não é have? Nem sempre. Só vai 
ser have quando o ter indicar posse. 
Veja: 
 
 
 
Veja ainda como o there to be funciona em frases afirmativas, negativas e 
interrogativas: 
 
TER
THERE + TO BE
THERE IS 
(SINGULAR)
THERE ARE 
(PLURAL) 
HAVE
Lembre-se: 
he/she/it has +
he/she/it doesn't 
have -
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 36 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
 
 
Agora, vamos lá. Afinal, as questões são a principal ferramenta de upgrade 
(melhora) para a aprimorar a nota nos concursos! 
 
 
27. Segundo o texto, o objetivo do DIF é 
a) contrastar declarações iniciais e retificadoras. 
b) detectar receita não declarada na declaração de imposto de renda. 
c) selecionar declarações, aleatoriamente, para passarem por exame minucioso. 
d) detectar discrepâncias na declaração de imposto de renda. 
e) cruzar dados entre declarações de contribuintes físicos e jurídicos. 
Comentários: Para encontrar o objetivo do DIF devemos analisar o trecho 
"When a tax return is filed, the IRS (Internal Revenue Service) uses a computer 
software called the Discriminant Index Function System (DIF) to analyze the 
return for oddities and discrepancies." que explica que quando uma declaração 
de imposto é arquivada, o IRS (Internal Revenue Service), ou seja, a Receita 
Federal usa um software de computador chamado Discriminant Index Function 
System (DIF), um sistema de função de índice discriminante, para analisar o 
retorno de discrepâncias. 
a) Item incorreto. O objetivo do sistema não é fazer o contraste entre 
declarações iniciais e retificadoras. 
b) Item incorreto. O objetivo do sistema não é detectar receita não declarada 
na declaração de imposto de renda. 
Atenção! There is a student who is willing to learn. (Tem/Há um aluno
que está disposto a aprender.)
There are students who are willing to learn. (Têm/ Há alunos
dispostos a aprender.)
A expressão to be willing to (ter vontade de/estar disposto
a) é formada pelo to be, mesmo sem significar ser ou estar.
There isn't a student who is willing to learn. (Não tem/ não
há um aluno que está disposto a aprender.)
There aren't students who are willing to learn. (Não têm/
não há alunos dispostos a aprender.)
Is there a student who is willing to learn ? (Tem/Há um
aluno que está disposto a aprender? )
Are there students who are willing to learn ? (Têm/ Há
alunos dispostos a aprender?)
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 37 de 88 
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c) Item incorreto. O sistema não visa selecionar aleatoriamente declarações 
para posteriormente passarem por exame minucioso. 
d) Item correto. Exatamente isso. 
e) Item incorreto. Esse também não é o objetivo. 
 D 
 
28. De acordo com o texto, nos Estados Unidos a seleçãoaleatória de 
declarações a serem examinadas: 
a) foi suspensa por um breve período no final do ano 2000. 
b) foi abolida no final do ano 2000. 
c) está suspensa por tempo indeterminado. 
d) é procedimento consensual entre os auditores. 
e) foi reinstituída no outono de 2006. 
Comentários: A resposta se encontra na passagem The IRS revived the 
practice in the fall of 2006 (O IRS reviveu a prática no outono de 2006). Assim, 
a única alternativa possível é a letra E. 
 E 
(FCC/ Auditor fiscal/ SEFAZ-MA/2016) 
Atenção: Para responder à questão, considere o texto abaixo. 
 
The sole proprietor of a plumbing shop was sentenced to 13 months in prison, 
three years of supervised release for tax evasion and ordered to pay 
approximately $130,000 in restitution to the IRS. The business 
owner willfully attempted to evade paying his federal income taxes by skimming 
gross receipts of his plumbing business and paying personal expenses from his 
business accounts and claiming them as business expenses. 
As part of his tax evasion scheme, he instructed several of his employees to 
solicit checks from clients payable in his name, rather than in the name of the 
business. He then cashed these checks and did not deposit the monies into his 
business’ bank account. Since this money was not recorded on the books of the 
business, nor deposited into the business’ account, he did not include 
these gross receipts on his income tax return. He also deducted personal 
expenses as business expenses thereby substantially reducing his tax for tax 
years 2003 through 2006. 
(Adapted from http://www.bizfilings.com/toolkit/sbg/tax-info/fed-taxes/tax-avoidance-and-tax-
evasion.aspx) 
 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 38 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
29. O texto trata 
a) dos casos que podem ser abatidos do imposto de renda. 
b) de como pagar menos impostos de forma legal. 
c) das possibilidades de reduzir a renda para pagar menos impostos. 
d) de um caso de sonegação fiscal. 
e) de como lançar despesas pessoais na conta da empresa. 
Comentários: Questão que pede o assunto principal do texto. 
a) Item incorreto. O texto não trata dos casos que podem ser abatidos do 
imposto de renda. 
b) Item incorreto. O texto não fala sobre como pagar menos impostos de 
forma legal. 
c) Item incorreto. O texto não aborda as possibilidades de redução do imposto. 
d) Item correto. Isso mesmo. Ao analisar o trecho “Since this money was not 
recorded on the books of the business, nor deposited into the business’ account, 
he did not include these gross receipts on his income tax return.” (Como esse 
dinheiro não estava registrado nos livros da empresa nem foi depositado na 
conta do negócio, ele não incluiu esses recibos brutos em sua declaração de 
imposto de renda.) constatamos que se trata de um caso de sonegação fiscal. 
e) Item incorreto. Nada disso! Ele deduziu as despesas pessoais como 
despesas comerciais, reduzindo substancialmente seu imposto para os anos 
fiscais de 2003 a 2006. Esse fato não foi o assunto principal do texto. 
 D 
30. Segundo o texto, o proprietário em questão 
a) acusou seus funcionários de desviarem cheques recebidos de seus clientes. 
b) recebeu uma multa de US$ 130.000 por não prestar contas ao fisco. 
c) emitiu cheques falsos em nome da empresa. 
d) obteve uma restituição do imposto de renda entre os anos 2003 a 2006. 
e) não depositou, na conta da empresa, os cheques nominais que recebia dos 
clientes. 
Comentários: Vamos analisar as alternativas para encontrar a resposta. 
a) Item incorreto. O proprietário não acusou seus funcionários. 
b) Item incorreto. O valor de 130.000 não se refere à multa, mas sim ao valor 
da restituição. 
c) Item incorreto. O texto não fala sobre a emissão de cheques falsos. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 39 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
d) Item incorreto. O que ocorreu entre os anos fiscais de 2003 a 2006 foi a 
dedução de despesas pessoais como despesas comerciais, reduzindo assim 
substancialmente seu imposto. 
e) Item correto. Bem, foi isso o que aconteceu, como se verifica no trecho: As 
part of his tax evasion scheme, he instructed several of his employees to solicit 
checks from clients payable in his name, rather than in the name of the 
business. (Como parte de seu esquema de evasão fiscal, ele instruiu vários de 
seus funcionários a solicitarem cheques de clientes em seu nome, e não em 
nome da empresa.) 
 E 
 
(FCC/ Técnico da Receita Estadual / SEFAZ -MA / 2016) 
Atenção: Para responder à questão, considere o texto abaixo. 
 
Donald Trump on Monday proposed collapsing the federal income tax rate from 
seven brackets down to three and called for allowing child-care expenses to be 
exempt from taxation in a speech allies hope will help the GOP presidential 
nominee turn the page on a tumultuous period some Republicans fear has 
severely damaged his campaign. 
Overall, Trump offered few new details behind his economic vision, which 
he unveiled as a candidate last year. One notable exception was his call to 
enable families to "fully deduct" child-care expenses from their taxes. Some 
such expenses are already deductible; experts say that the additional amounts 
will largely benefit middle- and upper middle-class families. 
 
On tax rates, business mogul said he would work with House Republicans and 
use the same three brackets they have proposed: 12 percent, 25 percent and 
33 percent. Previously, Trump proposed tax brackets of 0 percent, 10 percent, 
20 percent and 25 percent. 
 
"For many American workers, their tax rate will be zero," said Trump. 
 
The GOP nominee continued to leave large question marks about how he would 
pay for his plans and avoid ballooning the federal budget deficit. He included no 
new details on how he would limit the cost of his tax reform plan, which analysts 
have estimated would reduce federal revenues by as much as $10 trillion over 
a decade. His child-care expense plan would presumably raise that cost even 
further. 
 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 40 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
Trump released a tax plan last year that would reduce the top income tax rate 
from 39.6 percent to 25 percent and bring down the top corporate rate from 35 
percent to 15 percent. The plan would eliminate the estate tax and reduce tax 
rates to 10 percent for households earning $100,000 or less. 
 
Trump also did not spell out any federal spending cuts. In his remarks, Trump 
said he would offer more details in the coming weeks. 
 
(Adapted from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/08/08/trump-to-
call-for-excluding-child-care-costs-from-taxation-as-hetries-to-turn-the-page-on-a-bruising-
week/?wpisrc=nl_evening&wpmm=1) 
 
31. O significado do verbo collapsing (1º parágrafo), conforme empregado no 
texto, é 
a) reduzindo. 
b) entrando em colapso. 
c) revertendo. 
d) ajustando. 
e) implementando. 
Comentários: Aqui tem pegadinha da banca! O candidato muito apressado 
pode ficar tentado a marcar a alternativa B. No entanto, se analisarmos com 
calma o trecho “Donald Trump on Monday proposed collapsing the federal 
income tax rate from seven brackets down to three and called for allowing 
child-care expenses to be exempt from taxation...” (Donald Trump na segunda-
feira propôs uma redução da taxa de imposto de renda federal de sete para 
três e pediu para permitir que as despesas de cuidados infantis sejam isentas 
de impostos ...) vemos que a palavra collapsing tem o significado de redução. 
Logo, a alternativa correta é a letra A.A 
 
32. Segundo o texto, 
a) o discurso de Trump apresentou várias novas propostas que podem ajudar o 
país a sair da recessão. 
b) os aliados de Trump esperam que seu discurso da 2ª feira reverta os danos 
que sua campanha tem sofrido. 
c) a proposta de Trump de isentar de taxação as despesas relacionadas aos 
cuidados infantis não é nenhuma novidade. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 41 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
d) a proposta de dedução total das despesas com filhos beneficiaria 
principalmente famílias das classes B e C. 
e) Trump tem se esforçado para melhorar sua imagem de político conservador. 
Comentários: Encontramos a resposta quando analisamos o trecho in a 
speech allies hope will help the GOP presidential nominee turn the page on a 
tumultuous period some Republicans fear has severely damaged his campaign 
(em um discurso aliados esperam que irá ajudar o candidato presidencial 
GOP a virar a página em um período tumultuado, alguns que 
republicanos temem que tenha gravemente estragado sua campanha). Assim, 
vemos que os aliados de Trump esperam que seu discurso da 2ª feira reverta 
os danos que sua campanha tem sofrido. Portanto, a alternativa correta é a 
letra B. 
a) Item incorreto. Trump offered few new details behind his economic vision, 
which he unveiled as a candidate last year (Trump ofereceu poucos novos 
detalhes por trás de sua visão econômica, os quais ele revelou como candidato 
no ano passado). 
b) Item correto. 
c) Item incorreto. One notable exception was his call to enable families to 
"fully deduct" child-care expenses from their taxes. Some such expenses are 
already deductible (Uma exceção notável foi o seu chamado para permitir que 
as famílias "deduzissem totalmente" as despesas de cuidados infantis de seus 
impostos). Veja que algumas dessas despesas já são dedutíveis, mas o fato da 
dedução total é novidade. 
d) Item incorreto. O trecho experts say that the additional amounts will largely 
benefit middle- and upper middle-class families não diz nada sobre classe b ou 
c. O trecho diz apenas que os montantes adicionais beneficiarão em grande 
parte as famílias de classe média e alta. 
e) Item incorreto. O texto não fala nada disso. 
 B 
 
33. De acordo com o texto, o candidato republicano 
a) não prevê sérios empecilhos para implantar suas reformas. 
b) deixou bem claras as implicações de seu plano de reforma tributária. 
c) afirmou que suas propostas reduziriam o déficit federal. 
d) acredita que, com as reformas propostas, o déficit do país será reduzido em 
U$ 10 trilhões ao longo da próxima década. 
e) não explicou de onde viriam os recursos para implantar seus planos 
econômicos. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 42 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
Comentários: A passagem “Trump also did not spell out any federal spending 
cuts” nos mostra que Trump também não anunciou nenhum corte de gastos 
federal, não explicando assim de onde viriam os recursos para implantar seus 
planos econômicos. Logo, a resposta é a letra E. 
a) Item incorreto. No trecho The GOP nominee continued to leave large 
question marks about how he would pay for his plans and avoid ballooning the 
federal budget deficit. O candidato do Partido Republicano continuou a deixar 
grandes pontos de interrogação sobre como ele iria pagar por seus planos e 
evitar inflacionar o déficit orçamentário federal. 
b) Item incorreto. O candidato não incluiu novos detalhes sobre como ele 
limitaria o custo de seu plano de reforma tributária, que, segundo analistas, 
reduziria as receitas federais em até US $ 10 trilhões em uma década. 
c) Item incorreto. O candidato não afirmou nada disso. 
d) Item incorreto. O custo de seu plano de reforma tributária, que, segundo 
analistas, reduziria as receitas federais em até US $ 10 trilhões em uma 
década. 
e) Item correto. 
 E 
 
34. Em relação às faixas do imposto sobre a renda, Donald Trump 
apresentou, no ano passado, um plano que propunha 
a) isentar do imposto de renda pessoas físicas que ganhem menos de US$ 
100.000 mensais. 
b) eliminar todos os impostos estaduais. 
c) diminuir a faixa máxima do imposto de renda para pessoas jurídicas de 35% 
para 15%. 
d) implantar apenas três faixas: 12%, 25% e 33%. 
e) reduzir em 25% a faixa mais alta, atualmente de 39,6%. 
Comentários: O trecho “Trump released a tax plan last year that would reduce 
the top income tax rate from 39.6 percent to 25 percent and bring down the top 
corporate rate from 35 percent to 15 percent” nos mostra que Trump divulgou 
um plano fiscal no ano passado que reduziria a maior taxa de imposto de renda 
de 39,6% para 25% e reduziria a taxa corporativa mais alta de 35% para 15%. 
Assim, o gabarito é a letra C. 
a) Item incorreto. O plano eliminaria o imposto sobre heranças e reduziria as 
alíquotas de impostos para 10% para as famílias que ganham US $ 100.000 ou 
menos. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 43 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
b) Item incorreto. O texto não fala sobre a eliminação de todos os impostos 
estaduais. 
c) Item correto. 
d) Item incorreto. Sobre as taxas de impostos, o magnata dos negócios disse 
que trabalharia com republicanos da Câmara e usaria os mesmos três suportes 
que propôs: 12%, 25% e 33%. Anteriormente, Trump propôs faixas de imposto 
de 0%, 10%, 20% e 25%. A palavra apenas torna a questão incorreta. 
e) Item incorreto. O texto fala somente que Trump divulgou um plano de 
impostos no ano passado que reduziria a maior taxa de imposto de renda de 
39,6% para 25%. Assim, não há uma redução em 25%, mas sim uma redução 
para 25%. 
 C 
 
3.3 FGV 
(FGV/ Analista de políticas públicas e gestão governamental/ 2018) 
TEXT II 
 
 
(Source:http://www.revasolutions.com/internet-of-things-newchallenges- and-practices-for 
information-governance/. Retrieved on January 26th, 2018) 
 
Governance Challenges for the Internet of Things 
Virgilio A.F. Almeida -Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil 
Danilo Doneda - Rio de Janeiro State University 
Marília Monteiro - Public Law Institute of Brasília 
Published by the IEEE Computer Society 
© 2015 
 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 44 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
The future will be rich with sensors capable of collecting vast amounts of 
information. The Internet will be almost fused with the physical world as the 
Internet of Things (IoT) becomes a reality. Although it’s just beginning, experts 
estimate that by the end of 2015 there will be around 25 billion “things” 
connected to the global Internet. By 2025, the estimated number of connected 
devices should reach 100 billion. These estimates include smartphones, 
vehicles, appliances, and industrial equipment. Privacy, security, and safety 
fears grow as the IoT creates conditions for increasing surveillance by 
governments and corporations. So the question is: Will the IoT be good for the 
many, or the mighty few? 
 
While technological aspects of the IoT have been extensively published in the 
technical literature, few studies have addressed the IoT’s social and political 
impacts. Two studies have shed light on challenges for the future with the IoT. 
In 2013, the European Commission (EC.) published a study focusing on relevant 
aspects for possible IoT governance regimes. The EC report identified many 
challenges for IoT governance — namely privacy, security, ethics, and 
competition. In 2015, the US Federal Trade Commission (FTC.) published theFTC Staff Report The Internet of Things: Privacy and Security in a Connected 
World. Although the report emphasizes the various benefits that the IoT will 
bring to consumers and citizens, it acknowledges that there are many risks 
associated with deploying IoT-based applications, especially in the realm of 
privacy and security. 
[…] 
The nature of privacy and security problems frequently associated with the IoT 
indicates that further research, analysis, and discussion are needed to identify 
possible solutions. First, the introduction of security and privacy elements in the 
very design of sensors, implementing Privacy by Design, must be taken into 
account for outcomes such as the homologation process of sensors by 
competent authorities. Even if the privacy governance of IoT can oversee the 
control centers for collected data, we must develop concrete means to set limits 
on the amount or nature of the personal data collected. 
 
Other critical issues regard notification and consent. If, from one side, it’s true 
that several sensors are already collecting as muchpersonal data as possible, 
something must be done to increase citizens’ awareness of these data collection 
processes. Citizens must have means to take measures to protect their rights 
whenever necessary. If future scenarios indicate the inadequacy of a mere 
notice-and-consent approach, alternatives must be presented so that the 
individual’s autonomy isn’t eroded. 
 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 45 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
As with other technologies that aim to change human life, the IoT must be in all 
respects designed with people as its central focus. Privacy and ethics aren’t 
natural aspects to be considered in technology’s agenda. However, these 
features are essential to build the necessary trust in an IoT ecosystem, making 
it compatible with human rights and ensuring that it’s drafted at the measure, 
and not at the expense, of people. 
(Source: https://cyber.harvard.edu/~valmeida/pdf/IoT-governance.pdf Retrieved on January 
23rd, 2018) 
 
35. Mark the statements below as true (T) or false (F) according to Text II: 
( ) There are already many studies on the social and political effects of the IoT. 
( ) Research studies on security and privacy still need to be carried out. 
( ) The report from the US Federal Trade Commission supported the unrestricted 
use of the IoT. 
a) F – T – F 
b) T – T – F 
c) F – T – T 
d) F – F – T 
e) T – F – F 
Comentários: A FGV gosta bastante desse tipo de questão. Você julga os itens 
e depois escolhe a alternativa que os representa. Você precisa estar atento 
nesse tipo de questão porque geralmente a banca sabe sobre a sua falha e não 
dá mole nas alternativas não. 
 
(F) There are already many studies on the social and political effects of 
the IoT (Já existem muitos estudos sobre os efeitos sociais e políticos da IoT). 
No trecho “While technological aspects of the IoT have been extensively 
published in the technical literature, few studies have addressed the IoT’s social 
and political impacts” vemos que poucos estudos abordaram os impactos sociais 
e políticos da IoT. 
 
(T) Research studies on security and privacy still need to be carried out. 
No trecho are needed to identify possible solutions observamos que estudos de 
pesquisa sobre segurança e privacidade ainda precisam ser realizados. 
 
(F) The report from the US Federal Trade Commission supported the 
unrestricted use of the IoT (O relatório da Comissão Federal de Comércio 
dos EUA apoiava o uso irrestrito da IoT). Não há uso irrestrito, até mesmo 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 46 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
porque há muitos riscos associados à implantação de aplicativos baseados em 
IoT (there are many risks associated with deploying IoT-based applications). 
 A 
 
36. The first paragraph opens and ends, in this order, with 
a) a query and a solution. 
b) a forecast and a doubt. 
c) a prediction and a realization. 
d) a contradiction and a problem. 
e) an objection and an explanation. 
Comentários: A questão quer saber a finalidade do início e do fim do primeito 
parágrafo. Veja o trecho que faz a abertura do primeiro parágrafo “The future 
will be rich with sensors capable of collecting vast amounts of information” (O 
futuro será rico em sensores capazes de coletar grandes quantidades de 
informação). Aqui temos a ideia de previsão. Agora veja o trecho que finaliza 
o parágrafo: Will the IoT be good for the many, or the mighty few? (A IoT será 
boa para muitos ou para os poucos poderosos? Aqui temos a ideia de dúvida. 
Portanto, o gabarito só pode ser a letra B. 
a) Item incorreto. Query quer dizer consulta e solution quer dizer solução. 
b) Item correto. Forecast quer dizer previsão e doubt quer dizer dúvida. 
c) Item incorreto. Prediction quer dizer previsão e realization quer dizer 
realização. 
d) Item incorreto. Contradiction quer dizer contradição e problem quer dizer 
problema. 
e) Item incorreto. Objection quer dizer objeção e explanation quer dizer 
explicação. 
 B 
 
37. The text concludes that, if the IoT ecosystem is to be trusted, it should 
focus on the needs of 
a) citizens. 
b) specialists. 
c) authorities. 
d) corporations. 
e) governments. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 47 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
Comentários: O texto conclui que, se o ecossistema da IoT for confiável, ele 
deve se concentrar nas necessidades dos cidadãos. Observe: As with other 
technologies that aim to change human life, the IoT must be in all respects 
designed with people as its central focus (Tal como acontece com outras 
tecnologias que visam mudar a vida humana, a IoT deve ser em todos os 
aspectos, concebida com as pessoas como seu foco central). 
a) Item correto. O foco é nos cidadãos. 
b) Item incorreto. O foco não é em especialistas. 
c) Item incorreto. O foco não é nas autoridades. 
d) Item incorreto. O foco não é nas corporações. 
e) Item incorreto. O foco não é nos governos. 
 A 
 
 
(FGV/ OFICIAL DE CHANCELARIA/ 2016) 
Use of language in diplomacy 
 
What language should one use when speaking to diplomats, or what language 
should diplomats use? Or, to be more precise, what language/languages should 
a (young) diplomat try to learn to be more successful in his profession? 
 
The term "language in diplomacy" obviously can be interpreted in several ways. 
First, as tongue ("mother" tongue or an acquired one), the speech "used by one 
nation, tribe, or other similar large group of people"; in this sense we can say, 
for example, that French used to be the predominant diplomatic language in the 
first half of the 20th century. Second, as a special way of expressing the subtle 
needs of the diplomatic profession; in this way it can be said, for example, that 
the delegate of such-and-such a country spoke of the given subject in totally 
non-diplomatic language. Also, the term can refer to the particular form, style, 
manner or tone of expression; such as the minister formulated his conditions in 
unusually strong language. It may mean as well the verbal or non-verbal 
expression of thoughts or feelings: sending the gunships is a language that 
everybody understands. 
 
All of these meanings - and probably several others - can be utilised in both oral 
and written practice. In any of these senses, the use of language in diplomacy 
is of major importance, since language is not a simple tool, vehicle for 
transmission of thoughts, or instrument of communication, but very often the 
very essenceof the diplomatic vocation, and that has been so from the early 
beginnings of our profession. That is why from early times the first envoys of 
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the Egyptian pharaohs, Roman legates, mediaeval Dubrovnik consuls, etc., had 
to be educated and trained people, well-spoken and polyglots. 
 
Let us first look into different aspects of diplomatic language in its basic meaning 
- that of a tongue. Obviously, the first problem to solve is finding a common 
tongue. Diplomats only exceptionally find themselves in the situation to be able 
to communicate in one language, common to all participants. This may be done 
between, for example, Germans and Austrians, or Portuguese and Brazilians, or 
representatives of different Arab countries, or British and Americans, etc. Not 
only are such occasions rare, but very often there is a serious difference 
between the same language used in one country and another. 
 
There are several ways to overcome the problem of communication between 
people who speak different mother tongues. None of these ways is ideal. One 
solution, obviously, is that one of the interlocutors speaks the language of the 
other. Problems may arise: the knowledge of the language may not be 
adequate, one side is making a concession and the other has an immediate and 
significant advantage, there are possible political implications, it may be difficult 
to apply in multilateral diplomacy, etc. A second possibility is that both sides 
use a third, neutral, language. A potential problem may be that neither side 
possesses full linguistic knowledge and control, leading to possible bad 
misunderstandings. Nevertheless, this method is frequently applied in 
international practice because of its political advantages. A third formula, using 
interpreters, is also very widely used, particularly in multilateral diplomacy or 
for negotiations at a very high political level - not only for reasons of equity, but 
because politicians and statesmen often do not speak foreign languages. This 
method also has disadvantages: it is time consuming, costly, and sometimes 
inadequate or straightforwardly incorrect. […] Finally, there is the possibility of 
using one international synthetic, artificial language, such as Esperanto; this 
solution would have many advantages, but unfortunately is not likely to be 
implemented soon, mostly because of the opposition of factors that dominate in 
the international political - and therefore also cultural and linguistic - scene. 
 
So, which language is the diplomatic one? The answer is not simple at all […]. 
 
Words are bricks from which sentences are made. Each sentence should be a 
wound-up thought. If one wants to be clear, and particularly when using a 
language which he does not master perfectly, it is better to use short, simple 
sentences. On the contrary, if one wishes to camouflage his thoughts or even 
not say anything specific, it can be well achieved by using a more complicated 
style, complex sentences, digressions, interrupting one's own flow of thought 
and introducing new topics. One may leave the impression of being a little 
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confused, but the basic purpose of withholding the real answer can be 
accomplished. 
 
(adapted from http://www.diplomacy.edu/books/language_and_diplomacy/texts/pdf/nick.PDF) 
 
38. The word that forms the plural in the same way as “fora” in “The United 
States and Brazil are also advancing human rights issues in bilateral and 
multilateral fora” is: 
a) agenda 
b) nucleus 
c) formula 
d) criterion 
e) paralysis 
 
Comentários: Apesar das alternativas tratarem de vocabulário, esse texto traz 
exemplos do uso do simple present e do there to be (there are). Claro que há 
outros tempos verbos também, então não se assustem. Tentem inferir o 
contexto e pratique o que foi aprendido até agora . 
a) Item incorreto. O plural de agenda é agendas. 
b) Item incorreto. O plural de nucleus é nuclei ou necleuses. 
c) Item incorreto. O plural de formula é formulae ou formulas. 
d) Item correto. O plural de criterion é criteria. O plural dessa palavra segue 
a mesma forma do plural da palavra fórum, que é fora. Ambas terminam em A. 
e) Item incorreto. O plural da palavra paralysis é paralyses. 
 D 
 
39. In the passage “Second, as a special way of expressing the subtle needs 
of the diplomatic profession; in this way it can be said, for example, that the 
delegate of such-and-such a country spoke…” the expression “in this way” can 
be replaced, without change in meaning by: 
a) hence 
b) though 
c) hereby 
d) hereafter 
e) thereabouts 
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Comentários: A questão quer saber sobre a palavra que pode substituir a 
expressão “in this way” sem modificar seu significado. 
a) Item correto. In this way significa desta forma, deste modo, assim, 
portanto. Hence também expressa isto. 
b) Item incorreto. Though significa embora. 
c) Item incorreto. Hereby significa por isto. 
d) Item incorreto. Hereafter significa daqui em diante, a seguir. 
e) Item incorreto. Thereabouts significa por aí, lá por perto. 
 A 
 
3.4 CESPE 
 
(CESPE / Analista Judiciário/ TRE- PE / 2017) 
Software architecture is a complex topic. Due to its complexity, our profession 
has produced a variety of definitions, each more or less useful depending on 
your point of view. Here is a definition from my first book, Journey of the 
Software Professional:“A system architecture defines the basic “structure” of 
the system (e.g., the high level modules comprising the major functions of the 
system, the management and distribution of data, the kind and style of its user 
interface, what platform(s) will it run on and so forth)”. 
This definition is pretty consistent with many others. However, it lacks some 
important elements, such as specific technology choices and the required 
capabilities of the desired system. A colleague of mine, Myron Ahn, created the 
following definition of software architecture. It is a bit more expansive and 
covers a bit more ground than my original: “Software architecture is the sum of 
the nontrivial modules, processes, and data of the system, their structure and 
exact relationships to each other, how they can be and are expected to be 
extended and modified, and on which technologies they depend, from which one 
can deduce the exact capabilities and flexibilities of the system, and from which 
one can form a plan for the implementation or modification of the system”. 
We could extend these definitions from the technical point of view, but this 
wouldn’t provide a lot of value. More than any other aspect of the system, 
architecture deals with the “big picture”. The real key to understanding it is to 
adopt this big picture. Moreover, while these definitions are useful, they are far 
too simplistic to take into account the full set of forces that shape, and are 
shaped by, an architecture. In truth, I doubt that any single definition of 
software architecture will ever capture all of what we believe to be important. 
 
Luke Hohmann. Defining software architecture. In: 
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Beyond software architecture: creating and sustaining winning solutions. Boston: 
Addison-Wesley, 2003, p. 1-2 (adapted.) 
 
40. Aboutthe definition for software architecture, the text shows that: 
a) a useful one depends on personal perspective. 
b) there are not many possibilities available. 
c) the author’s is more complete than others. 
d) the ones presented in the text are sufficient. 
e) it is quite a simple task to be accomplished. 
Comentários: A questão quer saber sobre a definição para arquitetura de 
software. A resposta pode ser logo encontrada no início do texto. O trecho 
“Software architecture is a complex topic. Due to its complexity, our profession 
has produced a variety of definitions, each more or less useful depending on 
your point of view.” (A arquitetura de software é um tópico complexo. Devido à 
sua complexidade, nossa profissão produziu uma variedade de definições, cada 
uma mais ou menos útil, dependendo do seu ponto de vista). Assim, vemos que 
uma definição útil depende de uma perspectiva pessoal. Portanto, o gabarito é 
a letra A. 
a) Item correto. 
b) Item incorreto. O trecho our profession has produced a variety of definitions 
mostra que há várias definições. 
c) Item incorreto. O autor fornece sua definição no primeiro parágrafo. No 
entanto, logo no início do segundo parágrafo ele diz que essa definição é 
bastante consistente com outras This definition is pretty consistent with many 
others. Dessa forma, o texto não diz que a definição do autor é melhor do que 
outras definições. 
d) Item incorreto. Não! O segundo parágrafo aponta que 
faltam alguns elementos importantes, como opções tecnológicas específicas e 
os recursos necessários do sistema desejado (it lacks some important elements, 
such as specific technology choices and the required capabilities of the desired 
system). 
e) Item incorreto. Não é uma tarefa simples de ser atingida. No final do texto, 
o autor até diz que duvida que qualquer definição única de arquitetura de 
software possa capturar tudo o que acredita ser importante. (I doubt that any 
single definition of software architecture will ever capture all of what we believe 
to be important). 
 A 
 
41. The author of the text concludes that 
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a) a full definition for software architecture will soon arise. 
b) the definitions offered consider all forces that make na architecture. 
c) the key to understand architectures is to ignore their “big pictures”. 
d) a definition alone cannot cover all features of an architecture. 
e) a definition with more technical details would be useful. 
Comentários: 
a) Item incorreto. O autor não diz que haverá em breve uma definição 
completa para arquitetura de software. 
b) Item incorreto. As definições não são completas, mas sim se 
complementam. 
c) Item incorreto. O texto não diz para ignorar a “big picture (quadro geral)”. 
Pelo contrátio, ele afirma que a arquitetura lida com o quadro geral, ou seja, 
com o aspecto amplo. 
d) Item correto. Isso mesmo! Uma definição sozinha não pode cobrir todos 
os recursos de uma arquitetura. 
e) Item incorreto. Uma definição com mais detalhes técnicos não seria útil. 
We could extend these definitions from the technical point of view, but this 
wouldn’t provide a lot of value. 
 D 
 
(CESPE/ Analista Judiciário/ TRE-BA/ 2017) 
There are specific types of systems analysts, such as systems architects or 
systems designers, but a systems analyst generally works in the computer 
department of a company providing the research and information necessary to 
maintain an up-to-date computer system. The main responsibility of a systems 
analyst is to make certain the computer system of his or her employer is 
functioning efficiently. To do this, a systems analyst may examine both the 
hardware and software currently being used and suggest or even design new 
programs to better meet the organization’s needs. In most cases, the systems 
analyst would also provide a cost-benefits analysis to make certain any 
proposed changes were fiscally responsible. 
Internet: <http://study.com> (adapted). 
 
42. It can be concluded from the text that systems analysts 
a) are supposed to indicate which taxes are worth paying when changes are 
proposed. 
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b) are able to perform any kind of task in response to the computer department 
needs. 
c) must work in the computer department. 
d) may research into the latest technology, in order to keep the company’s 
system at its best. 
e) are supposed to change the current system whenever they examine it. 
 
Comentários: Entendendo o termo up-to-date (atualizado, mais avançado e 
analisando as alternativas, vemos logo que o gabarito é a letra D (pode 
pesquisar a tecnologia mais recente, a fim de manter o sistema da empresa no 
seu melhor). 
a) Item incorreto. O texto não fala que os analistas de sistema devem indicar 
quais impostos valem a pena pagar quando as mudanças são propostas. 
b) Item incorreto. O texto não diz que os analistas são capazes de realizar 
qualquer tipo de tarefa em resposta às necessidades do departamento de 
informática. 
c) Item incorreto. O texto não fala que os analistas devem trabalhar no 
departamento de informática. 
d) Item correto. 
e) Item incorreto. O texto não fala que os analistas devem mudar o sistema 
atual sempre que o examinam. 
 D 
 
(CESPE/ Analista Judiciário/ TRE-BA/ 2017) 
Forensic computer analysts investigate crimes against computers, such as 
hacking, as well as crimes involving computers. They might search a suspect’s 
computer hard drive for incriminating files, pictures or other documents. They 
might also track the Internet activity of a suspect or victim to determine what 
sites he visited and whom he communicated with. In addition, they can often 
reveal information that suspects have attempted to hide, such as determining 
where an email or other electronic communication originated from even if the 
sender concealed his computer’s IP address to mask his location. 
Internet:< http://oureverydaylife.com> (adapted). 
 
43. According to the text, forensic computer analysts 
a) are the ones responsible for solving crimes against computer and Internet 
users. 
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b) should locate suspects who can be incriminating files, documents and 
pictures. 
c) may use evidence to incriminate and arrest a person suspected of hacking 
computers. 
d) are frequently able to identify the source of a message, even when this data 
is hidden. 
e) search after irrelevant information in a victim’s computer, in order to find 
criminals. 
Comentários: A questão questiona sobre as habilidades dos analistas. Vemos 
pelo trecho they can often reveal information that suspects have attempted to 
hide que eles podem freqüentemente revelar informações que os suspeitos 
tentaram esconder. Portanto, a alternativa correta é a letra D. 
a) Item incorreto. O texto não diz que os analistas são os responsáveis pela 
resolução de crimes contra usuários de computador e Internet. 
b) Item incorreto. O texto não fala que eles deveriam localizar suspeitos que 
pudessem estar incriminando arquivos, documentos e imagens. Lembre-se de 
que should significa deveria. 
c) Item incorreto. O texto não diz que eles podem usar provas para incriminar 
e prender uma pessoa suspeita de invadir computadores. 
d) Item correto. 
e) Item incorreto. A tradução da alternativa é pesquisar após informações 
irrelevantes no computador da vítima, a fim de encontrarcriminosos. O texto 
não fala isso. 
 D 
 
(Cespe/ Auditor de Controle Externo/ 2016) 
People with disabilities can use websites and web tools when they are properly 
designed. However, currently many sites and tools are developed with 
accessibility barriers that make it difficult or impossible for some people to use 
them. 
 
The absence of an alternative text is the classic example. Sites and tools with 
images should include equivalent alternative text in the markup/code. 
 
If an alternative text is not provided for images, the image information is 
inaccessible, for example, to people who cannot see and have to use a screen 
reader that reads aloud the information on a page, including the alternative text 
for the visual image. 
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When an equivalent alternative text is presented, in HTML format, for example, 
information is available to everyone to people who are blind, as well as to people 
who turned off images on their mobile phone to lower bandwidth charges, 
people in a rural area with low bandwidth who turned off images to speed 
download, and others. It is also available to technologies that cannot see the 
image, such as search engines. 
 
Another example of barrier is the lack of keyboard input. Some people cannot 
use a mouse, including many elderly users with limited fine motor control. An 
accessible website does not rely on the mouse; it provides all functionality via 
a keyboard. 
Just as images are not available to people who cannot see, audio files are not 
available to people who cannot hear. Providing a text transcript makes the audio 
information accessible to people who are deaf or hard of hearing. 
 
It is easy and relatively inexpensive for website developers to provide 
transcripts for podcasts and audio files. There are also transcription services 
that create text transcripts in HTML format. Most of the basics of accessibility 
are even easier and less expensive than providing transcripts. However, the 
proper techniques are poorly integrated into some web tools, education, and 
development processes. 
Internet: <https://www.w3.org> (adapted). 
 
Judge the following item according to the text above. 
44. HTML format is a kind of search engine. 
Comentário: Item incorreto. No trecho “When an equivalent alternative text 
is presented, in HTML format, for example, information is available to 
everyone to people who are blind, as well as to people who turned off images 
on their mobile phone to lower bandwidth charges, people in a rural area with 
low bandwidth who turned off images to speed download, and others. It is also 
available to technologies that cannot see the image, such as search 
engines” percebemos que HTML é um formato que também está disponível 
para tecnologias que não podem ver imagens, como os mecanismos de 
pesquisa. Assim, ele está disponível para o mecanismo de pesquisa, não sendo 
assim um mecanismo de pesquisa propriamente dito. 
 F 
 
45. HTML provides solutions for dealing with barriers faced by blind 
and deaf people. 
Comentário: Item correto. A resposta está na passagem “Providing a text 
transcript makes the audio information accessible to people who are deaf or 
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hard of hearing”. (Fornecer uma transcrição de texto torna a informação de 
áudio acessível a pessoas surdas ou com deficiência auditiva). Uma palavra 
importante aqui é o verbo to provide, que significa fornecer. 
 V 
 
46. Providing access to contents through keyboard input makes 
websites much more friendly for older people as well. 
Comentário: Item correto. A resposta está no trecho “Another example of 
barrier is the lack of keyboard input. Some people cannot use a mouse, including 
many elderly users with limited fine motor control. An accessible website does 
not rely on the mouse; it provides all functionality via a keyboard” (Outro 
exemplo de barreira é a falta de entrada de teclado. Algumas pessoas não 
podem usar um mouse, incluindo muitos usuários idosos com controle motor 
fino limitado. Um site acessível não depende do mouse; Ele fornece todas as 
funcionalidades através de um teclado). Assim, fornecer acesso a conteúdos 
através de entrada de teclado torna os sites muito mais amigáveis também para 
pessoas mais velhas. 
 V 
 
47. Information conveyed by images may not reach the intended 
public if there is no alternative text. 
Comentário: Item correto. Veja o trecho: If an alternative text is not provided 
for images, the image information is inaccessible, for example, to people who 
cannot see and have to use a screen reader that reads aloud the information on 
a page, including the alternative text for the visual image. (Se um texto 
alternativo não for fornecido para imagens, as informações da imagem ficam 
inacessíveis, por exemplo, para pessoas que não podem ver e precisam usar 
um leitor de tela que lê em voz alta as informações em uma página, incluindo o 
texto alternativo para a imagem visual). 
 V 
 
(Cespe / Analista de Controle (TI) / TCE-PR / 2016) 
The requirements of information security within an organization have undergone 
two major changes in the last several decades. Before the widespread use of 
data processing equipment, the security of information felt to be valuable to an 
organization was provided primarily by physical and administrative means. An 
example of the former is the use of rugged filing cabinets with a combination 
lock for storing sensitive documents. An example of the latter is personnel 
screening procedures used during the hiring process. 
 
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With the introduction of the computer, the need for automated tools for 
protecting files and other information stored on the computer became evident. 
This is especially the case for a shared system, such as a time-sharing system, 
and the need is even more acute for systems that can be accessed over a public 
telephone network, data network, or the Internet. The generic name for the 
collection of tools designed to protect data and to thwart hackers is computer 
security. 
 
The second major change that affected security is the introduction of distributed 
systems and the use of networks and communications facilities for carrying data 
between terminal user and computer and between computer and computer. 
Network security measures are needed to protect data during their 
transmission. In fact, the term network security is somewhat misleading, 
because virtually all business, government, and academic organizations 
interconnect their data processing equipment with a collection of interconnected 
networks. Such a collection is often referred to as an internet, and the term 
internet security is used. 
William Stallings. Introduction. In: Cryptography and network security: principles and 
practice. 3rd ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2002, p. 2 (adapted). 
 
48. According to the text, a shared system: 
a) is frequently attacked by hackers more tahn any other system. 
b) is the most accurate system that can be accessed through internet. 
c) is a collection of tools designed to protect data and thwart hackers. 
d) must be overthrown to avoid failures in information security. 
e) requires computerized tools for file and information safety. 
Comentários: Conforme o trecho “With the introduction of the computer, the 
need for automated tools for protecting files and other information stored 
on the computer became evident.This is especially the case for a shared 
system, such as a time-sharing system, and the need is even more acute for 
systems that can be accessed over a public telephone network, data network, 
or the Internet” (Com a introdução do computador, tornou-se evidente a 
necessidade de ferramentas automatizadas para proteger arquivos e 
outras informações armazenadas no computador. Esse é especialmente o caso 
de um sistema compartilhado, como um sistema de compartilhamento de 
tempo, e a necessidade é ainda mais aguda para sistemas que podem ser 
acessados através de uma rede telefônica pública, rede de dados ou da Internet. 
Assim, concluímos que o gabarito é a letra E. 
a) Item incorreto. O texto não fala isso. O nome genérico para a coleção de 
ferramentas projetadas para proteger dados e impedir hackers é a segurança 
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do computador. O texto não fala que o sistema compartilhado é frequentemente 
atacado por hackers mais do que qualquer outro sistema. 
b) Item incorreto. O texto não diz que o sistema compartilhado é o sistema 
mais preciso que pode ser acessado através da Internet. 
c) Item incorreto. O nome genérico para a coleção de ferramentas projetadas 
para proteger dados e impedir hackers é a segurança do computador (The 
generic name for the collection of tools designed to protect data and to thwart 
hackers is computer security) e não sistema compartilhado. 
d) Item incorreto. O texto não fala nada disso. 
e) Item correto. Isso mesmo! 
 E 
 
49. In the text, the word “former” refers to 
a) personnel screening procedures during the hiring process. 
b) physical methods used to provide security of information. 
c) major changes of information security in an organization. 
d) administrative methods that provide information security. 
e) valuable automated tools for protecting computer files. 
Comentários: A resposta está no trecho “Before the widespread use of data 
processing equipment, the security of information felt to be valuable to an 
organization was provided primarily by physical and administrative means. An 
example of the former is the use of rugged filing cabinets with a combination 
lock for storing sensitive documents.” Isso significa que antes do uso 
generalizado de equipamentos de processamento de dados, a segurança da 
informação, considerada valiosa para uma organização, era fornecida 
principalmente por meios físicos e administrativos. Um exemplo do primeiro é 
o uso de armários robustos com uma fechadura de combinação para armazenar 
documentos sensíveis. Podemos ver que a palavra ‘former’ se refere aos 
métodos físicos usados para fornecer segurança de informações. A resposta é 
a letra B. 
a) Item incorreto. A palavra former não se refere aos procedimentos de 
triagem de pessoal durante o processo de contratação. 
b) Item correto. 
c) Item incorreto. A palavra former não se refere a principais mudanças de 
segurança da informação em uma organização. 
d) Item incorreto. A segurança da informação era fornecida por meios físicos 
e administrativos. Repare que os físicos foram mencionados primeiro (former). 
Os meios administrativos foram mencionados depois. 
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e) Item incorreto. A palavra former não se refere a valiosas ferramentas 
automatizadas para proteger arquivos de computador. 
 B 
 
6. Questões sem os comentários 
 
6.1 ESAF 
(ESAF/MAPA/2017) Read the text and answer: 
Precision Agriculture 
The U.S. government laid the original foundations for precision agriculture in 
1983, when it announced the opening up of the Global Positioning System 
(GPS), a satellite-based navigation program developed by the U.S. military, for 
civilian use. Soon after, companies began developing what is known as 
“variable rate technology,” which allows farmers to apply fertilizers at different 
rates throughout a field. After measuring and mapping such characteristics as 
acidity level and phosphorous and potassium content, farmers match the 
quantity of fertilizer to the need. For the most part, even today, fields are tested 
manually, with individual farmers or employees collecting samples at 
predetermined points, packing the samples into bags, and sending them to a 
lab for analysis. Then, an agronomist creates a corresponding map of 
recommended fertilizers for each area designed to optimize production. After 
that, a GPS-linked fertilizer spreader applies the selected amount of nutrients 
in each location. 
Over 60 percent of U.S. agricultural-input dealers offer some kind of variable-
rate-technology services, but data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture 
indicate that in spite of years of subsidies and educational efforts, less than 20 
percent of corn acreage is managed using the technology. At the moment, a key 
constraint is economic. Because manual soil testing is expensive, the farmers 
and agribusinesses that do use variable rate technology tend to employ sparse 
sampling strategies. Most farmers in the United States, for example, collect one 
sample for every two and a half acres; in Brazil, the figure is often just one 
sample for every 12 and a half acres. The problem, however, is that soil can 
often vary greatly within a single acre, and agricultural scientists agree that 
several tests per acre are often required to capture the differences. In other 
words, because of the high cost of gathering soil information, farmers are 
leaving productivity gains on the table in some areas of the field and over-
applying fertilizer and other inputs in others. 
(From an article by Jess Lowenberg-DeBoer in Foreign Affairs May/June 2015 issue.) 
 
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1. In paragraph 1, the cohesive links “Soon after”, “After”, “Then” and “After 
that” introduce a sequence of 
a) causes and corresponding effects. 
b) logical consequences. 
c) chronological events. 
d) concession clauses. 
e) rational 
 
(ESAF / AFT / 2010) Read the text and answer questions. 
Companies in the rich world are confronted with a rapidly ageing workforce. 
Nearly one in three American workers will be over 50 by 2012, and America is 
a young country compared with Japan and Germany. China is also ageing 
rapidly, thanks to its one-child policy. This means that companies will have to 
learn how to manage older workers better. 
Most companies are remarkably ill-prepared. There was a flicker of interest in 
the problem a few years ago but it was snuffed out by the recession. The 
management literature on older workers is a mere molehill compared with the 
mountain devoted to recruiting and retaining the young. 
Companies are still stuck with an antiquated model for dealing with ageing, 
which assumes that people should get pay rises and promotions on the basis of 
age. They have dealt with the burdens of this model by periodically “downsizing” 
older workers or encouraging them to take early retirement. This has created a 
dual labour market for older workers, of cosseted insiders on the one hand and 
unemployed or retired outsiders on the other. 
But this model cannot last. The number of young people, particularly those with 
valuable science and engineering skills, is shrinking. And governments are 
raising retirement ages and making it more difficult for companies to shed older 
workers, in a desperate attempt to cope with their underfunded pension 
systems. 
Feb 4th 2010 | From The Economist print edition [adapted].2. According to the text, businesses 
a) are fully prepared to deal with an ancient workforce. 
b) cannot cope with an influx of elderly workers. 
c) are incapable of growing old gracefully. 
d) must get rid of older workers through streamlining operations. 
e) must learn to deal with the need to keep older staff employed. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 61 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
3. In paragraph 2, the author claims that the recent economic recession 
has 
a) awakened an interest in science and engineering among younger workers. 
b) caused the number of young people seeking jobs in business to increase. 
c) extinguished what little interest firms had shown in how to manage an older 
staff. 
d) made a mountain of business management out of a managerial molehill. 
e) led many firms to dismiss older workers in their periodic staff reductions. 
 
4. The text suggests that the governments of industrialized countries are 
a) trying to stop companies dismissing older members of their workforce. 
b) refusing to employ younger workers because of their expensive pensions. 
c) cutting the retirement pensions of valuable workers on the basis of age. 
d) making desperate attempts to cope with an inefficient labor market. 
e) regretting their generosity to workers who have taken early retirement. 
 
(ESAF / AFT / 2010) Read the text and answer questions. 
Minister calls for wider flexible working rights 
British government ministers are considering giving all employees the right to 
ask for flexible working hours “from the beginning” of a new job as part of plans 
to encourage a fundamental shift in working habits. 
The Work and Pensions Secretary, Yvette Cooper, says her office is working with 
employers and organizations such as the federation of small businesses to draw 
up new ways of supporting men as well as women and non-parents as well as 
parents working more flexible hours. 
The current rules are limited to parents of children under 16 and carers, and 
Cooper wants to extend them. “You want people to offer flexible working from 
the beginning and we need to look again at how the legislation can support 
different ways of doing that,” she said. 
“There will be some areas where it’s not possible to fit round particular school 
hours or particular things where the nature of the business makes it hard – but 
what you need is the cultural change for everybody to think differently.” 
Cooper’s proposals come as the government announced that fathers will be 
given the right to six months’ paternity leave. 
There will be a legal right to take the mother’s place at home for the last three 
months of a nine-month maternity break; they would receive £123 a week in 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 62 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
statutory pay. Fathers would then be entitled to take a further three months’ 
unpaid leave. The move was criticized by some business leaders. 
(From: The Guardian, Friday 29 January 2010 -slightly adapted) 
5. According to the text, current British laws on working timetables are 
designed mainly for 
a) women who work as secretaries for the government. 
b) parents of young children and teenagers, as well as care workers. 
c) men who have been in their current jobs for some time. 
d) women extending their maternity leave with unpaid work. 
e) those who want a change in the cultural mentality of businesses. 
 
6. With regard to paternity leave, the government has given men the right 
to 
a) take six months’ paid leave as soon as their baby is born. 
b) care for a baby if the mother returns to work within three months. 
c) receive their full salary to look after the baby for three out of the first six 
months. 
d) take a three-month break receiving payment when the baby is six months 
old. 
e) stay at home with the baby’s mother on unpaid leave for six months. 
 
7. The Work and Pensions Secretary 
a) a has been personally attacked by company bosses who dislike her plans. 
b) believes flexible working hours are a drawback for many workers. 
c) is seeking employers’ cooperation for new proposals on working hours. 
d) shows scant regard for the needs of parents wanting flexible timetables. 
e) wants pensions to be paid to fathers who care for their neonate infants. 
 
8. Ms Cooper hopes her new proposals will give more flexible working 
hours 
a) from the outset, to workers of both genders. 
b) to fathers of babies, concurrently with mothers. 
c) after six months, to those established in their jobs. 
d) to senior staff who want to start a family. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 63 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
e) to parents and youth workers up to the age of sixteen. 
 
(ESAF / AFT / 2010) Read the text and answer questions. 
The International Labour Organization 
 
The International Labour Organization (ILO) is devoted to advancing 
opportunities for women and men to obtain decent and productive work in 
conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity. Its main aims are to 
promote rights at work, encourage decent employment opportunities, enhance 
social protection and strengthen dialogue in handling work-related issues. 
Origins and history 
The ILO was founded in 1919, in the wake of a destructive war, to pursue a 
vision based on the premise that universal, lasting peace can be established 
only if it is based upon decent treatment of working people. The ILO became 
the first specialized agency of the UN in 1946. 
ILO’s vision of decent work 
Work is central to people’s well-being. In addition to providing income, work can 
pave the way for broader social and economic advancement, strengthening 
individuals, their families and communities. Such progress, however, hinges on 
work that is decent. Decent work sums up the aspirations of people in their 
working lives. 
Tripartism and social dialogue 
The ILO is the only ‘tripartite’ United Nations agency in that it brings together 
representatives of governments, employers and workers to jointly shape policies 
and programmes. This unique arrangement gives the ILO an edge in 
incorporating ‘real world’ knowledge about employment and work. 
Source: http://www.ilo.org/global/About_the_ILO/lang--en/index.htm 
 
9. The International Labour Organization seeks to 
a) encourage social equality at international level. 
b) foster workers’ rights and good working practices. 
c) stamp out protectionism and restrictive practices. 
d) promote national wealth through higher productivity. 
e) overturn protective practices in the workplace. 
 
 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 64 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
10. The founders of the ILO believed that 
a) the people must wake up again after a damaging war. 
b) decent social rights must be promoted by advanced countries. 
c) individuals’ mercenary aims reinforce community life. 
d) good working conditions are essential to maintain world peace. 
e) the ILO favours tripartite progress between men, women and the UN. 
 
11. The phrase “gives the ILO an edge” [paragraph 4 line 4] means 
a) offers the ILO a shove. 
b) cuts the ILO to the quick. 
c) sends the ILO to the rearguard. 
d) lumps the ILO together with. 
e) provides the ILO with an advantage. 
 
(ESAF / Analista Técnico da Susep / 2010) Read the text below entitled 
“Regulation Modernization” in order to answer the questions: 
Regulation Modernization 
Source: www.iii.org (Adapted)Jan,2010 
Insurance is regulated by the individual states. The move to modernize 
insurance regulation is being driven in part by the globalization of insurance 
services. Some large U.S. companies that operate in other countries support the 
concept of a federal system that provides one-stop regulatory approval while 
others believe the merits of a state system outweigh the virtues of a single 
national regulator. As a result of discussions about the merits of each system, 
states are making it easier for insurers to respond quickly to market forces. 
States monitor insurance company solvency. One important function related to 
this is overseeing rate changes. Rate making is the process of calculating a price 
to cover the future cost of insurance claims and expenses, including a margin 
for profi t. To establish rates, insurers look at past trends and changes in the 
current environment that may affect potential losses in the future. 
Increasingly, even in the most regulated states, officials are relying on 
competition among insurance companies to keep rates down and are 
modernizing and streamlining the rate setting process. 
 
 
 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 65 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
12. According to paragraph 1, the globalization of insurance services has 
a) infringed the insurance regulation. 
b) brought about a particular move. 
c) lessened competition among insurance companies. 
d) significantly enhanced their quality. 
e) helped precipitate a financial crisis. 
 
13. According to paragraph 2, rates 
a) differ in different situations. 
b) remain unchanged over long periods. 
c) are set by the individual states. 
d) are not expected to vary. 
e) represent the net profit of insurance companies. 
 
14. According to paragraph 3, 
a) rates must be kept down by officials. 
b) competition may generate excessive rates. 
c) competition is expected to impact on rates. 
d) rates have to be kept below approved ceilings. 
e) the rate setting process was at last streamlined. 
 
(ESAF / Analista Técnico da Susep / 2010) Read the text below entitled “A 
world of connections” in order to answer the questions: 
A world of connections 
Source: www.economist.com (Adapted) Jan 28th, 2010 
To sceptics all this talk of twittering, yammering and chattering smacks of 
another internet bubble in the making. They argue that even a huge social 
network such as Facebook will struggle to make money because fickle 
networkers will not stay in one place for long, pointing to the example of 
MySpace, which was once all the rage but has now become a shadow of its 
former self. Last year the site, which is owned by News Corp, installed a new 
boss and fired 45% of its staff as part of a plan to revive its fortunes. 
Within companies there is plenty of doubt about the benefits of online social 
networking in the office. A survey of 1,400 chief information officers conducted 
last year by Robert Half Technology, a recruitment firm, found that only one-
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 66 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
tenth of them gave employees full access to such networks during the day, and 
that many were blocking Facebook and Twitter altogether. The executives’ 
biggest concern was that social networking would lead to social notworking, with 
employees using the sites to chat with friends instead of doing their jobs. Some 
bosses also fretted that the sites would be used to leak sensitive corporate 
information. 
 
15. According to paragraph 1, the site MySpace 
a) has turned into the most popular social network. 
b) attracts more networkers than Facebook. 
c) played a minor role as a social-networking site. 
d) convinced sceptics of its outstanding value. 
e) laid off almost half of its staff. 
 
16. According to paragraph 2, the benefits of online social networking in the 
office are 
a) undeniable. 
b) numerous. 
c) long-lasting. 
d) uncertain. 
e) predictable. 
 
17. According to paragraph 2, some bosses also worried that through the 
sites sensitive corporate information would be 
a) altered. 
b) distorted. 
c) made classified. 
d) disclosed. 
e) negotiated. 
 
(ESAF / Analista Técnico da Susep / 2010) Read the text below entitled 
“Recent developments” in order to answer the questions: 
Recent developments 
Source: www.bls.gov (Adapted) Jan 28th, 2010 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 67 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
The recent financial crisis has resulted in large losses for the insurance industry. 
Industry conditions in the near term remain tenuous, particularly as many 
companies will continue to experience declining revenues, investment losses, 
and credit rating downgrades, which can affect an insurer’s ability to repay debt 
by having to pay a higher interest rate. Additionally, insurance companies that 
were trading in credit default swaps and other risky instruments without 
sufficient hedging suffered especially hard, and some companies even became 
insolvent. Companies with prudent risk management strategies also suffered 
large losses, because most investment instruments owned by insurance 
companies experienced falling values as they were being sold or marked down 
as the stock market deteriorated in late 2008. Nonetheless, as insurers rebuild 
capital and adhere to stricter Federal regulations, the insurance industry is likely 
to stabilize. 
 
The Internet is an important tool for insurance carriers in reaching potential and 
existing customers. Insurance carriers use the Internet to enable customers to 
access online account and billing information, view insurance quotes, and 
purchase policies. 
 
18. According to the text, large losses 
a) have been faced by the insurance industry. 
b) were easily foreseen by the insurance industry. 
c) might be caused by the insurance industry. 
d) should have been prevented by the industry. 
e) may be overcome by the insurance industry. 
 
19. The author defines the industry conditions in the near term as tenuous, 
which means they are 
a) strong, but predictable. 
b) stable and vigorous. 
c) weak and likely to change. 
d) positive and promising. 
e) unfavourable and not changing. 
 
20. According to the text, 
a) the insurance industry has stabilized. 
b) Federal regulations are becoming more severe. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 68 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
c) management strategies prevented losses. 
d) large losses were caused by insurers. 
e) insurers were indeed capable of rebuilding capital. 
21. According to the text, the role played by the Internet within the insurance 
industry is 
a) secondary. 
b) undefined. 
c) overvalued. 
d) underestimated. 
e) relevant. 
 
6.2 FCC 
 
(FCC/ Analista de Geoprocessamento/ 2016) Atenção: A questão refere-
se ao texto apresentado abaixo. As cores originais dos mapas 2, 3 e 4 foram 
alteradas para visualização em tons de cinza. 
 
Using analysis, we can feel confident in the spatial patterns we see, and in the 
decisions that we make. Putting your data on a map is an important first step 
for finding patterns and understanding trends. Here we’re looking at crimes that 
happened in San Francisco, about 37,000 of them. Looking at the points on a 
map, can you find the clusters or patterns in this point data? Can you decide 
where the police department should allocate its resources? Just looking at points 
on a map is often not enough to answerquestions or make decisions using this 
kind of point data. That’s where the spatial analysis tools in ArcGIS come in. 
 
 
 
We’ve all seen heat maps on TV or in web application-beautiful maps that show 
high-density areas in bright red, and low-density areas in blue. These maps are 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 69 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
used to visualize crime, disease, and a whole host of other types of data and 
information. These heat maps can be a great first step in a visual analysis of 
your data, ...I... they can also be very subjective. What does that mean? 
Well, the two heat maps shown below reflect the same San Francisco Crime 
data, and were created using the same tool. The only difference is the criteria 
that were used to decide what appears very dark (high density) and what 
appears very light (low density). These types of cartographic elements that we 
incorporate into our maps can have a huge impact on the story that the map 
tells. 
 
 
 
If the decisions that you’re trying to make as a result of your analyses are 
important, and they usually are, you’ll want to minimize subjectivity as 
much ..I..I.. . A great way to minimize the subjectivity in your pattern analysis 
is to use a hot spot analysis, which incorporates a simple spatial statistic to 
determine if the patterns that you’re seeing are statistically significant or not. 
The hot spot map is shown here. 
 
 
 
So what makes this type of map any less subjective than density-based heat 
maps? The very dark areas on hot spot maps are statistically significant clusters 
of high values (hot spots), and the very light areas are statistically significant 
clusters of low values (cold spots). What’s dark and what’s light is always based 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 70 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
on statistical significance. Using hot spot analysis, we can feel confident in 
the spatial patterns that we see, and in the decisions that we make. 
(http://resources.arcgis.com/en/communities/analysis/017z00000015000000.htm) 
 
22. A palavra que preenche corretamente a lacuna I é 
 
a) because 
b) so 
c) therefore 
d) but 
e) since 
 
(FCC/ Advogado Júnior/ Metro SP/ 2016) Atenção: A questão refere-se ao 
texto abaixo. 
 
Judges Push Brevity in Briefs, and Get a Torrent of Arguments 
 
By ELIZABETH OLSON 
OCT. 3, 2016 
 
The Constitution of the United States clocks in at 4,543 words. Yet a number of 
lawyers contend that 14,000 words are barely enough to lay out their legal 
arguments. 
That’s the maximum word count for briefs filed in federal appellate courts. For 
years, judges have complained that too many briefs are repetitive and full of 
outmoded legal jargon, and that they take up too much of their time. 
A recent proposal to bring the limit down by 1,500 words unleashed an outcry 
among lawyers. 
Lawyers in criminal, environmental and securities law insisted that briefs’ 
lengths should not be shortened because legal issues and statutes are more 
complex than ever. 
As a result, the new word limit − which takes effect on Dec. 1 − will be 13,500 
words, a reduction of only 500 words. And appellate judges will have the 
freedom to opt out of the limits. 
The new limit may not provide much relief for judges deluged with verbose 
briefs. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 71 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
While workloads vary, according to federal court data, the average federal 
appeals court judge, for example, might need to read filings for around 1,200 
cases annually. 
That amount of reading − especially bad reading − can thin the patience of even 
the most diligent judge. 
Briefs “are too long to be persuasive,” said Laurence H. Silberman, a judge on 
the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. 
In arguing against a reduction of words, the American Academy of Appellate 
Lawyers urged singling out “bad briefs” rather than only lengthy ones. It advised 
courts to “post on their court websites short videos outlining how to write a 
decent brief.” 
Robert N. Markle, a federal appellate lawyer, has argued − in his own personal 
view, not the government’s − that the limit should be reduced to 10,000 words. 
In a typical case, he said, “nothing justifies even approaching, much less 
reaching or exceeding 14,000 words.” 
Still, he acknowledged that the cut of 500 words “was at least a start.” 
 
(Adapted from http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/04/business/dealbook/ 
judges-push-brevity-in-briefs-and-get-a-torrent-of-arguments. html?_r=0) 
 
23. A melhor tradução para are barely enough, no trecho Yet a number of 
lawyers contend that 14,000 words are barely enough tolay out their legal 
arguments, é: 
 
a) são absolutamente insuficientes. 
b) são mais do que suficientes. 
c) são certamente suficientes. 
d) quase não são suficientes. 
e) são quase suficientes. 
 
 
 
 
 
(FCC/ Professor SEC-BA/ 2018) 
 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 72 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
Want to travel? Be careful! Two countries with high risks for tourists 
 
Chad: This African country has had some bad incidents with its political 
temperatures from its past. It has a high insecurity classification. It also has a 
high prevalence of armed bandits and groups; in fact its armed forces have to 
control the nation. Because of this, it is probable that travelers will encounter 
armed vehicles, attack helicopters and armed forces. The capital, Kinshasa, is 
particularly notorious for its crime at any time of the day. If you are in the 
country, don’t take photographs, don’t trust anyone who offers assistance, and 
don’t go to areas that the natives classify as high risk. 
 
Bangladesh: In south-east Asia, Bangladesh experiences regular terrorist 
attacks. In addition to this, extreme weather conditions put this nation as having 
a high risk of natural calamities such as earth tremors, flooding and cyclones. 
In contrast, the Bangladeshi people are very friendly and hospitable. Even 
though this is the case, be careful because incidences can happen. 
 
(Adapted from: http://wojournals.com) 
 
24. Segundo o texto acima, 
a) o clima político é pior do que o clima ambiental nos dois países. 
b) o país africano sofre das consequências da mudança climática. 
c) o país asiático oferece um ambiente sujeito a terríveis condições climáticas. 
d) os dois países são sujeitos a terremotos. 
e) os dois países sofrem de taxas altas de criminalidade. 
 
25. Segundo o texto acima, 
a) um dos países é mais amigável que o outro. 
b) as pessoas em ambos países são agressivas e pouco confiáveis. 
c) as pessoas que quiserem tirar fotos devem pedir ajuda aos nativos. 
d) os nativos do país africano se destacam pela sua hospitalidade. 
e) as pessoas que precisarem de orientações turísticas devem pedir ajuda às 
forças armadas. 
 
26. Segundo o texto acima, 
a) os turistas devem preferir viagens por helicópteros. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 73 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
b) as duas capitais oferecem comércio 24 horas. 
c) as forças armadas na pequena nação asiática são hospitaleiras. 
d) a capital de um dos países é conhecida por ser violenta a qualquer hora. 
e) as forças armadas asseguram o transporte para turistas nos dois países. 
 
(FCC/ Auditor fiscal/ SEFAZ-MA/2016) 
Atenção: Para responderà questão, considere o texto abaixo. 
 
In the United States of America, an income tax audit is the examination of a 
business or individual tax return by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) or state 
tax authority. The IRS and various state revenue departments use the terms 
audit, examination, review, and notice to describe various aspects of 
enforcement and administration of the tax laws. 
 
The purpose of a tax audit or a return examination is to determine ...I... reports 
filed with the taxing authorities are correct. The tax agencies identify and 
resolve taxpayer errors. 
 
There are several different methods used to select individuals and businesses 
for examination. 
 
Employers and financial institutions, among other organizations, are required 
by law to send documentation (W-2's and 1099's, for example) to the IRS. The 
IRS uses software to ensure that the numbers on a tax return match the 
numbers the IRS receives from third parties. If the documentation does not 
match, the return may be examined. 
 
When a tax return is filed, the IRS uses computer software called the 
Discriminant Index Function System (DIF) to analyze the return for oddities and 
discrepancies. Once the return has been processed through DIF, it is given a 
score. If the DIF score is high enough (i.e. a large amount of oddities or 
discrepancies are found), that tax return may be selected for examination. The 
formulas the IRS use to create the DIF software and analysis are a closely 
guarded secret. 
 
Filed tax returns are also subjected to an evaluation called the UIDIF, or the 
Unreported Income Discriminant Function System. This evaluation involves the 
analysis of tax returns based on a series of factors to determine a tax return's 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 74 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
potential for unreported income. Returns that are found to have a high UIDIF 
score (i.e. the likelihood of unreported income) and a high DIF score may be 
selected for examination. The IRS formulas used to calculate UDIF are secret, 
but it is commonly thought that the IRS uses statistical comparisons between 
returns to determine UIDIF potential. 
 
The IRS selects a certain amount of income tax returns to be audited each year 
through random selection. No errors need to be found for the Enforcement 
branch to examine a tax return. Random selection exams tend to be more 
extensive and time-consuming than other forms of review. 
 
The practice of random selection has been a source of controversy for many 
years. The practice was suspended for a short time in the early 2000s amid 
criticism that the audits were too burdensome and intrusive. The IRS revived 
the practice in the fall of 2006. 
 
(Adapted from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income_tax_audit) 
 
27. Segundo o texto, o objetivo do DIF é 
 
a) contrastar declarações iniciais e retificadoras. 
b) detectar receita não declarada na declaração de imposto de renda. 
c) selecionar declarações, aleatoriamente, para passarem por exame minucioso. 
d) detectar discrepâncias na declaração de imposto de renda. 
e) cruzar dados entre declarações de contribuintes físicos e jurídicos. 
 
28. De acordo com o texto, nos Estados Unidos a seleção aleatória de 
declarações a serem examinadas: 
a) foi suspensa por um breve período no final do ano 2000. 
b) foi abolida no final do ano 2000. 
c) está suspensa por tempo indeterminado. 
d) é procedimento consensual entre os auditores. 
e) foi reinstituída no outono de 2006. 
 
 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 75 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
(FCC/ Auditor fiscal/ SEFAZ-MA/2016) 
Atenção: Para responder à questão, considere o texto abaixo. 
The sole proprietor of a plumbing shop was sentenced to 13 months in prison, 
three years of supervised release for tax evasion and ordered to pay 
approximately $130,000 in restitution to the IRS. The business 
owner willfully attempted to evade paying his federal income taxes by skimming 
gross receipts of his plumbing business and paying personal expenses from his 
business accounts and claiming them as business expenses. 
 
As part of his tax evasion scheme, he instructed several of his employees to 
solicit checks from clients payable in his name, rather than in the name of the 
business. He then cashed these checks and did not deposit the monies into his 
business’ bank account. Since this money was not recorded on the books of the 
business, nor deposited into the business’ account, he did not include 
these gross receipts on his income tax return. He also deducted personal 
expenses as business expenses thereby substantially reducing his tax for tax 
years 2003 through 2006. 
(Adapted from http://www.bizfilings.com/toolkit/sbg/tax-info/fed-taxes/tax-avoidance-and-tax-
evasion.aspx) 
 
29. O texto trata 
a) dos casos que podem ser abatidos do imposto de renda. 
b) de como pagar menos impostos de forma legal. 
c) das possibilidades de reduzir a renda para pagar menos impostos. 
d) de um caso de sonegação fiscal. 
e) de como lançar despesas pessoais na conta da empresa. 
 
30. 
Segundo o texto, o proprietário em questão 
a) acusou seus funcionários de desviarem cheques recebidos de seus clientes. 
b) recebeu uma multa de US$ 130.000 por não prestar contas ao fisco. 
c) emitiu cheques falsos em nome da empresa. 
d) obteve uma restituição do imposto de renda entre os anos 2003 a 2006. 
e) não depositou, na conta da empresa, os cheques nominais que recebia dos 
clientes. 
 
 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 76 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
(FCC/ Técnico da Receita Estadual / SEFAZ -MA / 2016) 
Atenção: Para responder à questão, considere o texto abaixo. 
 
Donald Trump on Monday proposed collapsing the federal income tax rate from 
seven brackets down to three and called for allowing child-care expenses to be 
exempt from taxation in a speech allies hope will help the GOP presidential 
nominee turn the page on a tumultuous period some Republicans fear has 
severely damaged his campaign. 
 
Overall, Trump offered few new details behind his economic vision, which 
he unveiled as a candidate last year. One notable exception was his call to 
enable families to "fully deduct" child-care expenses from their taxes. Some 
such expenses are already deductible; experts say that the additional amounts 
will largely benefit middle- and upper middle-class families. 
 
On tax rates, business mogul said he would work with House Republicans and 
use the same three brackets they have proposed: 12 percent, 25 percent and 
33 percent. Previously, Trump proposed tax brackets of 0 percent, 10 percent, 
20 percent and 25 percent. 
 
"For many American workers, their tax rate will be zero," said Trump. 
 
The GOP nominee continued to leave large question marks about how he would 
pay for his plans and avoid ballooning the federal budget deficit. He included no 
new details on how he would limit the cost of his tax reform plan, which analysts 
have estimated would reduce federal revenues by as much as $10 trillion over 
a decade. His child-care expense plan would presumably raise that cost even 
further. 
 Trump released a tax plan last year that would reduce the top income tax rate 
from 39.6 percent to 25 percent and bring down the top corporate rate from 35 
percent to 15 percent. The plan would eliminate the estate tax and reduce tax 
rates to 10 percent for households earning $100,000 or less. 
 
Trump also did not spell out any federal spending cuts. In his remarks, Trump 
said he would offer more detailsin the coming weeks. 
 
(Adapted from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/08/08/trump-to-
call-for-excluding-child-care-costs-from-taxation-as-hetries-to-turn-the-page-on-a-bruising-
week/?wpisrc=nl_evening&wpmm=1) 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 77 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
31. O significado do verbo collapsing (1º parágrafo), conforme empregado no 
texto, é 
a) reduzindo. 
b) entrando em colapso. 
c) revertendo. 
d) ajustando. 
e) implementando. 
 
32. 
Segundo o texto, 
a) o discurso de Trump apresentou várias novas propostas que podem ajudar o 
país a sair da recessão. 
b) os aliados de Trump esperam que seu discurso da 2ª feira reverta os danos 
que sua campanha tem sofrido. 
c) a proposta de Trump de isentar de taxação as despesas relacionadas aos 
cuidados infantis não é nenhuma novidade. 
d) a proposta de dedução total das despesas com filhos beneficiaria 
principalmente famílias das classes B e C. 
e) Trump tem se esforçado para melhorar sua imagem de político conservador. 
 
33. De acordo com o texto, o candidato republicano 
a) não prevê sérios empecilhos para implantar suas reformas. 
b) deixou bem claras as implicações de seu plano de reforma tributária. 
c) afirmou que suas propostas reduziriam o déficit federal. 
d) acredita que, com as reformas propostas, o déficit do país será reduzido em 
U$ 10 trilhões ao longo da próxima década. 
e) não explicou de onde viriam os recursos para implantar seus planos 
econômicos. 
 
34. Em relação às faixas do imposto sobre a renda, Donald Trump 
apresentou, no ano passado, um plano que propunha 
a) isentar do imposto de renda pessoas físicas que ganhem menos de US$ 
100.000 mensais. 
b) eliminar todos os impostos estaduais. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 78 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
c) diminuir a faixa máxima do imposto de renda para pessoas jurídicas de 35% 
para 15%. 
d) implantar apenas três faixas: 12%, 25% e 33%. 
e) reduzir em 25% a faixa mais alta, atualmente de 39,6%. 
 
6.3 FGV 
 
(FGV/ Analista de políticas públicas e gestão governamental/ 2018) 
TEXT II 
 
 
 
(Source:http://www.revasolutions.com/internet- 
of-things-newchallenges- and-practices-for-information-governance/. Retrieved on January 
26th, 2018) 
 
Governance Challenges for the Internet of Things 
Virgilio A.F. Almeida -Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil 
Danilo Doneda - Rio de Janeiro State University 
Marília Monteiro - Public Law Institute of Brasília 
Published by the IEEE Computer Society 
© 2015 
 
The future will be rich with sensors capable of collecting vast amounts of 
information. The Internet will be almost fused with the physical world as the 
Internet of Things (IoT) becomes a reality. Although it’s just beginning, experts 
estimate that by the end of 2015 there will be around 25 billion “things” 
connected to the global Internet. By 2025, the estimated number of connected 
devices should reach 100 billion. These estimates include smartphones, 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 79 de 88 
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vehicles, appliances, and industrial equipment. Privacy, security, and safety 
fears grow as the IoT creates conditions for increasing surveillance by 
governments and corporations. So the question is: Will the IoT be good for the 
many, or the mighty few? 
 
While technological aspects of the IoT have been extensively published in the 
technical literature, few studies have addressed the IoT’s social and political 
impacts. Two studies have shed light on challenges for the future with the IoT. 
In 2013, the European Commission (EC.) published a study focusing on relevant 
aspects for possible IoT governance regimes. The EC report identified many 
challenges for IoT governance — namely privacy, security, ethics, and 
competition. In 2015, the US Federal Trade Commission (FTC.) published the 
FTC Staff Report The Internet of Things: Privacy and Security in a Connected 
World. Although the report emphasizes the various benefits that the IoT will 
bring to consumers and citizens, it acknowledges that there are many risks 
associated with deploying IoT-based applications, especially in the realm of 
privacy and security. 
[…] 
The nature of privacy and security problems frequently associated with the IoT 
indicates that further research, analysis, and discussion are needed to identify 
possible solutions. First, the introduction of security and privacy elements in the 
very design of sensors, implementing Privacy by Design, must be taken into 
account for outcomes such as the homologation process of sensors by 
competent authorities. Even if the privacy governance of IoT can oversee the 
control centers for collected data, we must develop concrete means to set limits 
on the amount or nature of the personal data collected. 
 
Other critical issues regard notification and consent. If, from one side, it’s true 
that several sensors are already collecting as muchpersonal data as possible, 
something must be done to increase citizens’ awareness of these data collection 
processes. Citizens must have means to take measures to protect their rights 
whenever necessary. If future scenarios indicate the inadequacy of a mere 
notice-and-consent approach, alternatives must be presented so that the 
individual’s autonomy isn’t eroded. 
 
As with other technologies that aim to change human life, the IoT must be in all 
respects designed with people as its central focus. Privacy and ethics aren’t 
natural aspects to be considered in technology’s agenda. However, these 
features are essential to build the necessary trust in an IoT ecosystem, making 
it compatible with human rights and ensuring that it’s drafted at the measure, 
and not at the expense, of people. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 80 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
 (Source: https://cyber.harvard.edu/~valmeida/pdf/IoT-governance.pdf Retrieved on January 
23rd, 2018) 
 
35. Mark the statements below as true (T) or false (F) according to Text II: 
( ) There are already many studies on the social and political effects of the IoT. 
( ) Research studies on security and privacy still need to be carried out. 
( ) The report from the US Federal Trade Commission supported the unrestricted 
use of the IoT. 
a) F – T – F 
b) T – T – F 
c) F – T – T 
d) F – F – T 
e) T – F – F 
 
36. The first paragraph opens and ends, in this order, with 
a) a query and a solution. 
b) a forecast and a doubt. 
c) a prediction and a realization. 
d) a contradiction and a problem. 
e) an objection and an explanation. 
 
37. The text concludes that, if the IoT ecosystem is to be trusted, it should 
focus on the needs of 
a) citizens. 
b) specialists. 
c) authorities. 
d) corporations. 
e) governments. 
 
(FGV/ OFICIAL DE CHANCELARIA/ 2016) 
Use of language in diplomacy 
 
What language should one use when speaking to diplomats, or what language 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 81 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
should diplomats use? Or, to be more precise, what language/languages should 
a (young) diplomat try to learn to be more successful in his profession? 
The term "language in diplomacy" obviously can be interpreted in several ways. 
First, as tongue ("mother" tongue or an acquired one), the speech "used by one 
nation, tribe, or other similar largegroup of people"; in this sense we can say, 
for example, that French used to be the predominant diplomatic language in the 
first half of the 20th century. Second, as a special way of expressing the subtle 
needs of the diplomatic profession; in this way it can be said, for example, that 
the delegate of such-and-such a country spoke of the given subject in totally 
non-diplomatic language. Also, the term can refer to the particular form, style, 
manner or tone of expression; such as the minister formulated his conditions in 
unusually strong language. It may mean as well the verbal or non-verbal 
expression of thoughts or feelings: sending the gunships is a language that 
everybody understands. 
 
All of these meanings - and probably several others - can be utilised in both oral 
and written practice. In any of these senses, the use of language in diplomacy 
is of major importance, since language is not a simple tool, vehicle for 
transmission of thoughts, or instrument of communication, but very often the 
very essence of the diplomatic vocation, and that has been so from the early 
beginnings of our profession. That is why from early times the first envoys of 
the Egyptian pharaohs, Roman legates, mediaeval Dubrovnik consuls, etc., had 
to be educated and trained people, well-spoken and polyglots. 
 
Let us first look into different aspects of diplomatic language in its basic meaning 
- that of a tongue. Obviously, the first problem to solve is finding a common 
tongue. Diplomats only exceptionally find themselves in the situation to be able 
to communicate in one language, common to all participants. This may be done 
between, for example, Germans and Austrians, or Portuguese and Brazilians, or 
representatives of different Arab countries, or British and Americans, etc. Not 
only are such occasions rare, but very often there is a serious difference 
between the same language used in one country and another. 
 
There are several ways to overcome the problem of communication between 
people who speak different mother tongues. None of these ways is ideal. One 
solution, obviously, is that one of the interlocutors speaks the language of the 
other. Problems may arise: the knowledge of the language may not be 
adequate, one side is making a concession and the other has an immediate and 
significant advantage, there are possible political implications, it may be difficult 
to apply in multilateral diplomacy, etc. A second possibility is that both sides 
use a third, neutral, language. A potential problem may be that neither side 
possesses full linguistic knowledge and control, leading to possible bad 
misunderstandings. Nevertheless, this method is frequently applied in 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 82 de 88 
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international practice because of its political advantages. A third formula, using 
interpreters, is also very widely used, particularly in multilateral diplomacy or 
for negotiations at a very high political level - not only for reasons of equity, but 
because politicians and statesmen often do not speak foreign languages. This 
method also has disadvantages: it is time consuming, costly, and sometimes 
inadequate or straightforwardly incorrect. […] Finally, there is the possibility of 
using one international synthetic, artificial language, such as Esperanto; this 
solution would have many advantages, but unfortunately is not likely to be 
implemented soon, mostly because of the opposition of factors that dominate in 
the international political - and therefore also cultural and linguistic - scene. 
 
So, which language is the diplomatic one? The answer is not simple at all […]. 
 
Words are bricks from which sentences are made. Each sentence should be a 
wound-up thought. If one wants to be clear, and particularly when using a 
language which he does not master perfectly, it is better to use short, simple 
sentences. On the contrary, if one wishes to camouflage his thoughts or even 
not say anything specific, it can be well achieved by using a more complicated 
style, complex sentences, digressions, interrupting one's own flow of thought 
and introducing new topics. One may leave the impression of being a little 
confused, but the basic purpose of withholding the real answer can be 
accomplished. 
(adapted from http://www.diplomacy.edu/books/language_and_diplomacy/texts/pdf/nick.PDF) 
 
38. The word that forms the plural in the same way as “fora” in “The United 
States and Brazil are also advancing human rights issues in bilateral and 
multilateral fora” is: 
a) agenda 
b) nucleus 
c) formula 
d) criterion 
e) paralysis 
 
39. In the passage “Second, as a special way of expressing the subtle needs 
of the diplomatic profession; in this way it can be said, for example, that the 
delegate of such-and-such a country spoke…” the expression “in this way” can 
be replaced, without change in meaning by: 
a) hence 
b) though 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 83 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
c) hereby 
d) hereafter 
e) thereabouts 
 
6.4 CESPE 
 
(CESPE / Analista Judiciário/ TRE- PE / 2017) 
Software architecture is a complex topic. Due to its complexity, our profession 
has produced a variety of definitions, each more or less useful depending on 
your point of view. Here is a definition from my first book, Journey of the 
Software Professional:“A system architecture defines the basic “structure” of 
the system (e.g., the high level modules comprising the major functions of the 
system, the management and distribution of data, the kind and style of its user 
interface, what platform(s) will it run on and so forth)”. 
This definition is pretty consistent with many others. However, it lacks some 
important elements, such as specific technology choices and the required 
capabilities of the desired system. A colleague of mine, Myron Ahn, created the 
following definition of software architecture. It is a bit more expansive and 
covers a bit more ground than my original: “Software architecture is the sum of 
the nontrivial modules, processes, and data of the system, their structure and 
exact relationships to each other, how they can be and are expected to be 
extended and modified, and on which technologies they depend, from which one 
can deduce the exact capabilities and flexibilities of the system, and from which 
one can form a plan for the implementation or modification of the system”. 
We could extend these definitions from the technical point of view, but this 
wouldn’t provide a lot of value. More than any other aspect of the system, 
architecture deals with the “big picture”. The real key to understanding it is to 
adopt this big picture. Moreover, while these definitions are useful, they are far 
too simplistic to take into account the full set of forces that shape, and are 
shaped by, an architecture. In truth, I doubt that any single definition of 
software architecture will ever capture all of what we believe to be important. 
Luke Hohmann. Defining software architecture. In: 
Beyond software architecture: creating and sustaining winning solutions. Boston: 
Addison-Wesley, 2003, p. 1-2 (adapted.) 
 
40. About the definition for software architecture, the text shows that: 
 
a) a useful one depends on personal perspective. 
b) there are not many possibilities available. 
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Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
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c) the author’s is more complete than others. 
d) the ones presented in the text are sufficient. 
e) it is quite a simple task to be accomplished. 
 
41. Theauthor of the text concludes that 
a) a full definition for software architecture will soon arise. 
b) the definitions offered consider all forces that make na architecture. 
c) the key to understand architectures is to ignore their “big pictures”. 
d) a definition alone cannot cover all features of an architecture. 
e) a definition with more technical details would be useful. 
 
(CESPE/ Analista Judiciário/ TRE-BA/ 2017) 
There are specific types of systems analysts, such as systems architects or 
systems designers, but a systems analyst generally works in the computer 
department of a company providing the research and information necessary to 
maintain an up-to-date computer system. The main responsibility of a systems 
analyst is to make certain the computer system of his or her employer is 
functioning efficiently. To do this, a systems analyst may examine both the 
hardware and software currently being used and suggest or even design new 
programs to better meet the organization’s needs. In most cases, the systems 
analyst would also provide a cost-benefits analysis to make certain any 
proposed changes were fiscally responsible. 
Internet: <http://study.com> (adapted). 
 
42. It can be concluded from the text that systems analysts 
a) are supposed to indicate which taxes are worth paying when changes are 
proposed. 
b) are able to perform any kind of task in response to the computer department 
needs. 
c) must work in the computer department. 
d) may research into the latest technology, in order to keep the company’s 
system at its best. 
e) are supposed to change the current system whenever they examine it. 
 
 
 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 85 de 88 
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(CESPE/ Analista Judiciário/ TRE-BA/ 2017) 
Forensic computer analysts investigate crimes against computers, such as 
hacking, as well as crimes involving computers. They might search a suspect’s 
computer hard drive for incriminating files, pictures or other documents. They 
might also track the Internet activity of a suspect or victim to determine what 
sites he visited and whom he communicated with. In addition, they can often 
reveal information that suspects have attempted to hide, such as determining 
where an email or other electronic communication originated from even if the 
sender concealed his computer’s IP address to mask his location. 
Internet:< http://oureverydaylife.com> (adapted). 
 
43. According to the text, forensic computer analysts 
a) are the ones responsible for solving crimes against computer and Internet 
users. 
b) should locate suspects who can be incriminating files, documents and 
pictures. 
c) may use evidence to incriminate and arrest a person suspected of hacking 
computers. 
d) are frequently able to identify the source of a message, even when this data 
is hidden. 
e) search after irrelevant information in a victim’s computer, in order to find 
criminals. 
 
(Cespe/ Auditor de Controle Externo/ 2016) 
People with disabilities can use websites and web tools when they are properly 
designed. However, currently many sites and tools are developed with 
accessibility barriers that make it difficult or impossible for some people to use 
them. 
 
The absence of an alternative text is the classic example. Sites and tools with 
images should include equivalent alternative text in the markup/code. 
 
If an alternative text is not provided for images, the image information is 
inaccessible, for example, to people who cannot see and have to use a screen 
reader that reads aloud the information on a page, including the alternative text 
for the visual image. 
 
When an equivalent alternative text is presented, in HTML format, for example, 
information is available to everyone to people who are blind, as well as to people 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 86 de 88 
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who turned off images on their mobile phone to lower bandwidth charges, 
people in a rural area with low bandwidth who turned off images to speed 
download, and others. It is also available to technologies that cannot see the 
image, such as search engines. 
 
Another example of barrier is the lack of keyboard input. Some people cannot 
use a mouse, including many elderly users with limited fine motor control. An 
accessible website does not rely on the mouse; it provides all functionality via 
a keyboard. 
 
Just as images are not available to people who cannot see, audio files are not 
available to people who cannot hear. Providing a text transcript makes the audio 
information accessible to people who are deaf or hard of hearing. 
 
It is easy and relatively inexpensive for website developers to provide 
transcripts for podcasts and audio files. There are also transcription services 
that create text transcripts in HTML format. Most of the basics of accessibility 
are even easier and less expensive than providing transcripts. However, the 
proper techniques are poorly integrated into some web tools, education, and 
development processes. 
Internet: <https://www.w3.org> (adapted). 
 
Judge the following item according to the text above. 
 
44. HTML format is a kind of search engine. 
 
45. HTML provides solutions for dealing with barriers faced by blind 
and deaf people. 
 
46. Providing access to contents through keyboard input makes 
websites much more friendly for older people as well. 
 
47. Information conveyed by images may not reach the intended 
public if there is no alternative text. 
 
(Cespe / Analista de Controle (TI) / TCE-PR / 2016) 
The requirements of information security within an organization have undergone 
two major changes in the last several decades. Before the widespread use of 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 87 de 88 
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data processing equipment, the security of information felt to be valuable to an 
organization was provided primarily by physical and administrative means. An 
example of the former is the use of rugged filing cabinets with a combination 
lock for storing sensitive documents. An example of the latter is personnel 
screening procedures used during the hiring process. 
 
With the introduction of the computer, the need for automated tools for 
protecting files and other information stored on the computer became evident. 
This is especially the case for a shared system, such as a time-sharing system, 
and the need is even more acute for systems that can be accessed over a public 
telephone network, data network, or the Internet. The generic name for the 
collection of tools designed to protect data and to thwart hackers is computer 
security. 
The second major change that affected security is the introduction of distributed 
systems and the use of networks and communications facilities for carrying data 
between terminal user and computer and between computer and computer. 
Network security measures are needed to protect data during their 
transmission. In fact, the term network security is somewhat misleading, 
because virtually all business, government, and academic organizations 
interconnect their data processing equipment with a collection of interconnected 
networks. Such a collection is often referred to as an internet, and the term 
internet security is used. 
 
William Stallings. Introduction. In: Cryptography and network security: principles and 
practice. 3rd ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2002, p. 2 (adapted). 
48. According to the text, a shared system: 
 
a) is frequently attacked by hackers more tahn any other system. 
b) is the most accuratesystem that can be accessed through internet. 
c) is a collection of tools designed to protect data and thwart hackers. 
d) must be overthrown to avoid failures in information security. 
e) requires computerized tools for file and information safety. 
 
49. In the text, the word “former” refers to 
a) personnel screening procedures during the hiring process. 
b) physical methods used to provide security of information. 
c) major changes of information security in an organization. 
d) administrative methods that provide information security. 
Inglês - Questões 
Prof.ª. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 
 
 
 
Prof. Daniella Eleutério, Rosana Garcia e Equipe 88 de 88 
www.exponencialconcursos.com.br 
e) valuable automated tools for protecting computer files. 
7. GABARITO 
 C 
 E 
 C 
 A 
 B 
 D 
 C 
 A 
 B 
 D 
 E 
 B 
 A 
 C 
 E 
 D 
 D 
 A 
 C 
 B 
 E 
 D 
 D 
 C 
 A 
 D 
 D 
 E 
 D 
 E 
 A 
 B 
 E 
 C 
 A 
 B 
 A 
 D 
 A 
 A 
 D 
 D 
 D 
 F 
 V 
 V 
 V 
 E 
 B