<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w0 h0" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/5960c8ac-b68d-4611-81f3-9c378df55aeb/bg1.png"><div class="c x1 y1 w1 h1"><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">UNIVERSIDADE<span class="blank"> </span>FEDERAL<span class="blank"> </span>DO<span class="blank"> </span>AMAZONAS</div><div class="t m0 x3 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">ESCOLA<span class="blank"> </span>DE<span class="blank"> </span>ENFERMAGEM<span class="blank"> </span>DE<span class="blank"> </span>MANAUS</div><div class="t m0 x4 h2 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">INSTITUTO<span class="blank"> </span>DE<span class="blank"> </span>CIÊNCIAS<span class="blank"> </span>BIOLÓGICAS</div></div><div class="c x5 y5 w2 h3"><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y6 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">Estudo<span class="blank"> </span>dirigido<span class="blank"> </span>\u2013<span class="blank"> </span>Farmacodinâmica<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>Farmacocinética</div></div><div class="c x5 y7 w2 h3"><div class="t m0 x7 h2 y6 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">Prof.<span class="blank"> </span>Dr<span class="blank _0"></span>.<span class="blank"> </span>José<span class="blank"> </span>W<span class="blank _0"></span>ilson<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>Nascimento<span class="blank"> </span>Corrêa</div></div><div class="c x5 y8 w3 h5"><div class="t m0 x8 h2 y9 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">DISCIPLINA:<span class="blank"> </span>F<span class="blank _0"></span>ARMACOLOGIA</div></div><div class="c x9 y8 w4 h5"><div class="t m0 x8 h2 y9 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4">DA<span class="blank _1"></span>T<span class="blank _2"></span>A:<span class="blank"> </span>14/08/2023</div></div><div class="c x5 ya w2 h6"><div class="t m0 x8 h2 yb ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">NOMES:</div><div class="t m0 x8 h2 yc ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5">Ana<span class="blank"> </span>Carolina<span class="blank"> </span>Oliveira<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>Santos</div><div class="t m0 x8 h2 yd ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ana<span class="blank"> </span>Júlia<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>Silva<span class="blank"> </span>Correa</div><div class="t m0 x8 h2 ye ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws6">Maria<span class="blank"> </span>Isabel<span class="blank"> </span>Rodrigues<span class="blank"> </span>Alves<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>Mello</div><div class="t m0 x8 h2 yf ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws7">Raquel<span class="blank"> </span>Cristina<span class="blank"> </span>Rodrigues<span class="blank"> </span>Ferreira<span class="blank"> </span>Nunes</div><div class="t m0 x8 h2 y9 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">Renan<span class="blank"> </span>Dias<span class="blank"> </span>Barreto</div></div><div class="t m0 xa h4 y10 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">F<span class="blank _2"></span>ARMACODINÂMICA</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y11 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsa">1)<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>figura<span class="blank"> </span>abaixo<span class="blank"> </span>mostra<span class="blank"> </span>curvas<span class="blank"> </span>doses<span class="blank"> </span>respostas<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>fármaco<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>antes<span class="blank"> </span>(curva<span class="blank _3"> </span>A)<span class="blank _3"> </span>e<span class="blank _4"> </span>após</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y12 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsb">administrações<span class="blank _5"> </span>crescentes<span class="blank _5"> </span>de<span class="blank _5"> </span>um<span class="blank _5"> </span>segundo<span class="blank _5"> </span>fármaco<span class="blank _5"> </span>B<span class="blank _5"> </span>(curvas<span class="blank _5"> </span>B,<span class="blank _5"> </span>C,<span class="blank _5"> </span>D<span class="blank _5"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>E)<span class="blank"> </span>.<span class="blank"> </span>Explique<span class="blank"> </span>o</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y13 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsc">gráfico<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>base<span class="blank"> </span>nos<span class="blank"> </span>conceitos<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>farmacodinâmica.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y14 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">RESPOST<span class="blank _2"></span>A:</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y15 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsd">Em<span class="blank _6"> </span>cada<span class="blank _6"> </span>instância<span class="blank _6"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>aplicação<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>composto<span class="blank"> </span>farmacológico<span class="blank"> </span>B,<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>observado<span class="blank"> </span>um</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y16 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wse">decréscimo<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>atividade<span class="blank"> </span>potencial<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>composto<span class="blank"> </span>farmacológico<span class="blank"> </span>A,<span class="blank"> </span>limitado<span class="blank"> </span>às<span class="blank"> </span>duas<span class="blank _7"> </span>primeiras</div><div class="c x0 y0 w0 h7"><div class="t m0 xd h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">1</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w0 h0" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/5960c8ac-b68d-4611-81f3-9c378df55aeb/bg2.png"><div class="t m0 xb h2 y18 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws10">administrações.<span class="blank"> </span>À<span class="blank"> </span>medida<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>se<span class="blank"> </span>avança<span class="blank _5"> </span>para<span class="blank _5"> </span>a<span class="blank _5"> </span>terceira<span class="blank _5"> </span>administração,<span class="blank _5"> </span>ocorre<span class="blank _5"> </span>uma<span class="blank _5"> </span>redução</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y19 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws11">progressiva<span class="blank"> </span>tanto<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>atividade<span class="blank"> </span>potencial<span class="blank"> </span>quanto<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>eficácia<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>composto<span class="blank"> </span>farmacológico<span class="blank"> </span>A.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y1a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws12">2)<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>figura<span class="blank"> </span>abaixo<span class="blank"> </span>mostra<span class="blank"> </span>curvas<span class="blank _8"> </span>dose-resposta<span class="blank _8"> </span>de<span class="blank _8"> </span>três<span class="blank _8"> </span>fármacos<span class="blank _8"> </span>em<span class="blank _8"> </span>duas<span class="blank _8"> </span>pr<span class="blank _0"></span>eparações<span class="blank _8"> </span>de</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y1b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws13">tecidos<span class="blank"> </span>distintos.<span class="blank"> </span>Explique<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>gráfico<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>base<span class="blank"> </span>nos<span class="blank"> </span>conceitos<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>farmacodinâmica.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y1c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">RESPOST<span class="blank _2"></span>A:</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y1d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws14">Nestes<span class="blank"> </span>gráficos<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>demonstrado<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>potência<span class="blank"> </span>juntamente<span class="blank _7"> </span>com<span class="blank _7"> </span>a<span class="blank _7"> </span>eficácia<span class="blank _7"> </span>dos<span class="blank _7"> </span>fármacos<span class="blank _7"> </span>no</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y1e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws10">organismo.<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>potência<span class="blank"> </span>refere-se<span class="blank"> </span>à<span class="blank"> </span>concentração<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>droga<span class="blank"> </span>necessária<span class="blank"> </span>para<span class="blank"> </span>produzir<span class="blank"> </span>50%<span class="blank"> </span>de</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y1f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">resposta<span class="blank"> </span>máxima<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>organismo<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>eficácia<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>resposta<span class="blank"> </span>máxima<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>fármaco<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>atingir<span class="blank _2"></span>.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y20 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">No<span class="blank _7"> </span>segundo<span class="blank _7"> </span>gráfico<span class="blank _7"> </span>representa<span class="blank _7"> </span>no<span class="blank _7"> </span>eixo<span class="blank _7"> </span>X<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>concentração<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>Y<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>efeito.<span class="blank"> </span>Em<span class="blank"> </span>relação<span class="blank"> </span>à</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y21 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws16">potência<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>fármacos,<span class="blank"> </span>podemos<span class="blank"> </span>observar<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>mais<span class="blank _3"> </span>potente<span class="blank _4"> </span>que<span class="blank _3"> </span>B,<span class="blank _4"> </span>o<span class="blank _3"> </span>B<span class="blank _4"> </span>é<span class="blank _3"> </span>mais<span class="blank _4"> </span>potente<span class="blank _3"> </span>que</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y22 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">C<span class="blank _8"> </span>e<span class="blank _8"> </span>o<span class="blank _8"> </span>A<span class="blank _8"> </span>é<span class="blank _8"> </span>mais<span class="blank _8"> </span>potente<span class="blank _8"> </span>que<span class="blank _8"> </span>C,<span class="blank _8"> </span>pois<span class="blank _8"> </span>a<span class="blank _8"> </span>concentração<span class="blank _8"> </span>para<span class="blank _8"> </span>atingir<span class="blank"> </span>50%<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>resposta<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>fármaco<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>é</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y23 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">menor<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>nos<span class="blank"> </span>outros<span class="blank"> </span>dois.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y24 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws17">Já<span class="blank _5"> </span>a<span class="blank _5"> </span>eficácia<span class="blank _5"> </span>dos<span class="blank _5"> </span>fármacos<span class="blank"> </span>demonstrados<span class="blank"> </span>são<span class="blank"> </span>iguais,<span class="blank"> </span>pois<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>efeito<span class="blank"> </span>máximo<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>podem</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y25 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws18">atingir<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>mesmo<span class="blank"> </span>para<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>três.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y26 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws14">3)<span class="blank"> </span>Observe<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>registr<span class="blank _0"></span>o<span class="blank"> </span>hipotético<span class="blank"> </span>abaixo<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>classifique<span class="blank"> </span>A,<span class="blank"> </span>B,<span class="blank"> </span>C,<span class="blank"> </span>D<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>E<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank _7"> </span>agonistas<span class="blank _7"> </span>ou</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y27 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws19">antagonistas<span class="blank _9"> </span>totais<span class="blank _9"> </span>ou<span class="blank _9"> </span>parciais,<span class="blank _9"> </span>justificando<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>efeitos<span class="blank"> </span>observados.<span class="blank"> </span>Discuta<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>possível</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y28 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1a">atividade<span class="blank"> </span>em<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>ou<span class="blank"> </span>mais<span class="blank"> </span>receptor<span class="blank _0"></span>es.</div><div class="c x0 y0 w0 h7"><div class="t m0 xd h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">2</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w0 h0" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/5960c8ac-b68d-4611-81f3-9c378df55aeb/bg3.png"><div class="t m0 xb h4 y18 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">RESPOST<span class="blank _2"></span>A:</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y19 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">A:<span class="blank"> </span>agonista<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>receptor<span class="blank"> </span>aumento</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y29 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">B:<span class="blank"> </span>agonista<span class="blank"> </span>não<span class="blank"> </span>seletivo<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>receptores<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>aumento<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>diminuição</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y2a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">C:<span class="blank"> </span>agonista<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>receptor<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>diminuição</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y2b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws7">D:<span class="blank"> </span>antagonista<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>aumento</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y2c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws7">E:<span class="blank"> </span>antagonista<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>aumento<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>diminuição</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y2d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1b">4)<span class="blank _7"> </span>Por<span class="blank _7"> </span>que<span class="blank _7"> </span>o<span class="blank _7"> </span>fato<span class="blank _7"> </span>de<span class="blank _7"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>fármaco<span class="blank"> </span>ter<span class="blank"> </span>baixo<span class="blank"> </span>índice<span class="blank"> </span>terapêutico<span class="blank"> </span>significa<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>médico<span class="blank"> </span>deve</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y2e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws17">ter<span class="blank _5"> </span>maior<span class="blank _5"> </span>cuidado<span class="blank _5"> </span>na<span class="blank _5"> </span>sua<span class="blank _5"> </span>administração?<span class="blank"> </span>Dê<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>exemplo<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>fármaco<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>exemplifique<span class="blank"> </span>os</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y2f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws11">riscos<span class="blank"> </span>associados.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y30 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">RESPOST<span class="blank _2"></span>A:</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y31 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1c">Necessita-se<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>vigilância<span class="blank"> </span>mais<span class="blank"> </span>aprimorada,<span class="blank _8"> </span>visto<span class="blank _8"> </span>que<span class="blank _8"> </span>substâncias<span class="blank _8"> </span>medicamentosas</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y32 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1d">com<span class="blank _a"> </span>índices<span class="blank _a"> </span>terapêuticos<span class="blank _a"> </span>reduzidos<span class="blank _a"> </span>apresentam<span class="blank _a"> </span>níveis<span class="blank"> </span>terapêuticos<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>se<span class="blank"> </span>aproximam</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y33 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws17">perigosamente<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>níveis<span class="blank"> </span>tóxicos.<span class="blank"> </span>Quanto<span class="blank"> </span>maior<span class="blank"> </span>for<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>valor<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank _8"> </span>Índice<span class="blank _8"> </span>T<span class="blank _2"></span>erapêutico<span class="blank _8"> </span>(IT),<span class="blank _8"> </span>menor</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y34 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1e">será<span class="blank _7"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>probabilidade<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>ocorrência<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>intoxicação;<span class="blank"> </span>contrariamente,<span class="blank"> </span>quanto<span class="blank"> </span>menor<span class="blank"> </span>for<span class="blank"> </span>esse<span class="blank"> </span>valor<span class="blank _0"></span>,</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y35 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1f">maior<span class="blank"> </span>será<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>probabilidade.<span class="blank"> </span>Substâncias<span class="blank"> </span>medicamentosas<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>baixos<span class="blank"> </span>valores<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>IT<span class="blank"> </span>exibem<span class="blank"> </span>uma</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y36 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws20">faixa<span class="blank _9"> </span>terapêutica<span class="blank _9"> </span>estreita.<span class="blank _9"> </span>Portanto,<span class="blank _9"> </span>é<span class="blank _9"> </span>imperativo<span class="blank _9"> </span>realizar<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>monitorização<span class="blank"> </span>rigorosa<span class="blank"> </span>das</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y37 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">concentrações<span class="blank _7"> </span>plasmáticas<span class="blank _7"> </span>da<span class="blank _7"> </span>substância<span class="blank"> </span>medicamentosa,<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>fim<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>manter<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>dose<span class="blank"> </span>eficaz<span class="blank"> </span>sem</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y38 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws16">ultrapassar<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>limiar<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>poderia<span class="blank"> </span>induzir<span class="blank"> </span>à<span class="blank"> </span>toxicidade.<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>heparina,<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank"> </span>exemplo,<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>ilustrativo</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y39 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws17">de<span class="blank"> </span>substâncias<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>baixo<span class="blank"> </span>IT<span class="blank _2"></span>.<span class="blank"> </span>Frequentemente,<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>dose<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>heparina<span class="blank _8"> </span>necessária<span class="blank _8"> </span>para<span class="blank _8"> </span>desencadear</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y3a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws10">um<span class="blank _b"> </span>sangramento<span class="blank _b"> </span>significativo<span class="blank _b"> </span>em<span class="blank _b"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>paciente<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>inferior<span class="blank"> </span>ao<span class="blank"> </span>dobro<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>dose<span class="blank"> </span>requerida<span class="blank"> </span>para</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y3b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws21">alcançar<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>efeito<span class="blank"> </span>terapêutico.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y3c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws22">5)<span class="blank"> </span>Vários<span class="blank"> </span>derivados<span class="blank"> </span>alquila<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>trimetilamônio<span class="blank"> </span>estimulam,<span class="blank"> </span>todos<span class="blank _9"> </span>eles,<span class="blank _9"> </span>os<span class="blank _9"> </span>receptor<span class="blank _0"></span>es</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y3d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws23">muscarínicos<span class="blank _c"> </span>da<span class="blank _c"> </span>acetil-colina,<span class="blank _c"> </span>causando<span class="blank"> </span>contração<span class="blank"> </span>muscular<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>intestino,<span class="blank"> </span>auxiliando<span class="blank"> </span>no</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y3e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws24">peristaltismo<span class="blank _c"> </span>do<span class="blank _c"> </span>trato<span class="blank _c"> </span>gastrintestinal.<span class="blank"> </span>Abaixo<span class="blank"> </span>registram-se<span class="blank"> </span>as<span class="blank"> </span>curvas<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>dose-r<span class="blank _0"></span>esposta<span class="blank"> </span>a</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y3f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws25">partir<span class="blank _b"> </span>da<span class="blank _b"> </span>utilização<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>diferentes<span class="blank"> </span>derivados<span class="blank"> </span>alquila<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>trimetilamônio.<span class="blank"> </span>Observando<span class="blank"> </span>e</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y40 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">analisando<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>gráfico<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>seguir<span class="blank _1"></span>,<span class="blank"> </span>discuta<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>atividade<span class="blank"> </span>desses<span class="blank"> </span>derivados<span class="blank _9"> </span>nos<span class="blank _9"> </span>receptores</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y41 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws27">muscarínicos<span class="blank _d"> </span>de<span class="blank _d"> </span>acetil-colina,<span class="blank _d"> </span>bem<span class="blank _d"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>explique,<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>base<span class="blank"> </span>nos<span class="blank"> </span>preceitos<span class="blank"> </span>da</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y42 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws28">farmacodinâmica,<span class="blank _e"> </span>se<span class="blank _e"> </span>esses<span class="blank _e"> </span>medicamentos<span class="blank"> </span>tem<span class="blank"> </span>efeitos<span class="blank"> </span>agonistas<span class="blank"> </span>ou<span class="blank"> </span>antagonista,</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y43 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws29">especificando<span class="blank _f"> </span>sua<span class="blank _f"> </span>atividade<span class="blank"> </span>parcial,<span class="blank"> </span>integral<span class="blank"> </span>(total),<span class="blank"> </span>competitiva<span class="blank"> </span>ou</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y44 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">agonista-competiva-mista.</div><div class="c x0 y0 w0 h7"><div class="t m0 xd h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">3</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w0 h0" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/5960c8ac-b68d-4611-81f3-9c378df55aeb/bg4.png"><div class="t m0 xb h4 y45 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">RESPOST<span class="blank _2"></span>A:</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y46 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2a">Os<span class="blank _c"> </span>derivados<span class="blank _c"> </span>de<span class="blank _c"> </span>trimetilamônio<span class="blank _c"> </span>de<span class="blank _c"> </span>butil<span class="blank _c"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>hexil<span class="blank"> </span>são<span class="blank"> </span>identificados<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>antagonistas</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y47 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsa">integrais.<span class="blank _7"> </span>Em<span class="blank"> </span>contrapartida,<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>antagonistas<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>induzem<span class="blank"> </span>apenas<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>resposta<span class="blank"> </span>parcial,<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>os</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y48 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2b">derivados<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>heptila<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>octila,<span class="blank"> </span>são<span class="blank"> </span>categorizados<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank _c"> </span>agonistas<span class="blank _c"> </span>parciais.<span class="blank _c"> </span>Uma<span class="blank _c"> </span>observação</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y49 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">relevante<span class="blank _8"> </span>é<span class="blank _8"> </span>que<span class="blank _8"> </span>as<span class="blank _8"> </span>curvas<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>resposta<span class="blank"> </span>à<span class="blank"> </span>dose<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>agonistas<span class="blank"> </span>formam<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>platô<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>valores<span class="blank"> </span>inferiores</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y4a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">àqueles<span class="blank _7"> </span>dos<span class="blank _7"> </span>agonistas<span class="blank _7"> </span>integrais.<span class="blank _7"> </span>A<span class="blank _7"> </span>acetilcolina<span class="blank _7"> </span>(ACh)<span class="blank _7"> </span>desempenha<span class="blank _7"> </span>o<span class="blank _7"> </span>papel<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>agonista<span class="blank"> </span>integral</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y4b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">dentro<span class="blank"> </span>desse<span class="blank"> </span>sistema.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y4c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws17">Cada<span class="blank"> </span>agonista<span class="blank"> </span>age<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>acordo<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>ligação<span class="blank _8"> </span>ao<span class="blank _8"> </span>mesmo<span class="blank _8"> </span>sítio<span class="blank _8"> </span>no<span class="blank _8"> </span>receptor<span class="blank _8"> </span>muscarínico<span class="blank _8"> </span>de</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y4d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1f">acetilcolina.<span class="blank _7"> </span>Além<span class="blank _7"> </span>disso,<span class="blank _7"> </span>é<span class="blank _7"> </span>notável<span class="blank _7"> </span>que<span class="blank _7"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>butil<span class="blank"> </span>trimetilamônio<span class="blank"> </span>não<span class="blank"> </span>apenas<span class="blank"> </span>exibe<span class="blank"> </span>maior<span class="blank"> </span>potência</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y4e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2c">do<span class="blank _5"> </span>que<span class="blank _5"> </span>os<span class="blank _5"> </span>derivados<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>indução<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>resposta<span class="blank"> </span>máxima<span class="blank"> </span>mais<span class="blank"> </span>pronunciada.<span class="blank"> </span>Portanto,<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>butil</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y4f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsa">TMA<span class="blank"> </span>se<span class="blank"> </span>posiciona<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>agonista<span class="blank"> </span>integral<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>receptor<span class="blank"> </span>muscarínico<span class="blank _3"> </span>de<span class="blank _4"> </span>acetilcolina,<span class="blank _3"> </span>enquanto</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y50 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">o<span class="blank"> </span>derivado<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>octila<span class="blank"> </span>atua<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>agonista<span class="blank"> </span>parcial<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>mesmo<span class="blank"> </span>receptor<span class="blank _0"></span>.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y51 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2a">V<span class="blank _2"></span>isto<span class="blank _c"> </span>que<span class="blank _c"> </span>os<span class="blank _c"> </span>agonistas<span class="blank _c"> </span>parciais<span class="blank _c"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>integrais<span class="blank"> </span>se<span class="blank"> </span>unem<span class="blank"> </span>ao<span class="blank"> </span>mesmo<span class="blank"> </span>sítio<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>receptor,<span class="blank"> </span>um</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y52 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">agonista<span class="blank _8"> </span>parcial<span class="blank _8"> </span>tem<span class="blank _8"> </span>a<span class="blank _8"> </span>capacidade<span class="blank _8"> </span>de<span class="blank _8"> </span>diminuir<span class="blank _8"> </span>a<span class="blank _8"> </span>resposta<span class="blank"> </span>gerada.<span class="blank"> </span>Considerando<span class="blank"> </span>essa<span class="blank"> </span>perspectiva,</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y53 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2d">um<span class="blank _7"> </span>agonista<span class="blank _7"> </span>parcial<span class="blank _7"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>operar<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>antagonista<span class="blank"> </span>competitivo.<span class="blank"> </span>Nesse<span class="blank"> </span>sentido,<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>agonistas</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y54 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws13">parciais<span class="blank"> </span>são<span class="blank"> </span>identificados<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>antagonistas<span class="blank"> </span>parciais<span class="blank"> </span>ou<span class="blank"> </span>agonistas-antagonistas<span class="blank"> </span>mistos.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y55 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws10">6)<span class="blank"> </span>Observe<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>gráfico<span class="blank"> </span>abaixo<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>interprete<span class="blank"> </span>as<span class="blank"> </span>curvas<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>B,<span class="blank _5"> </span>utilizando<span class="blank _5"> </span>os<span class="blank _5"> </span>princípios<span class="blank _5"> </span>da</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y56 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">farmacodinâmica.<span class="blank"> </span>Levando<span class="blank"> </span>em<span class="blank"> </span>consideração<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>repr<span class="blank _0"></span>esenta<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>curva<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>efeito-resposta<span class="blank"> </span>de</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y57 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2e">um<span class="blank _8"> </span>agonista<span class="blank _8"> </span>endógeno<span class="blank"> </span>comum,<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>curva<span class="blank"> </span>B<span class="blank"> </span>poderia<span class="blank"> </span>repr<span class="blank _0"></span>esentar<span class="blank _2"></span>,<span class="blank"> </span>farmacodinamicamente,<span class="blank"> </span>que</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y58 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">situação?</div><div class="c x0 y0 w0 h7"><div class="t m0 xd h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">4</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w0 h0" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/5960c8ac-b68d-4611-81f3-9c378df55aeb/bg5.png"><div class="t m0 xb h2 y18 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2f">RESPOST<span class="blank _2"></span>A:<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ff1 ws3">A:<span class="blank"> </span>Agonista<span class="blank"> </span>total;<span class="blank"> </span>B:<span class="blank"> </span>Agonista<span class="blank"> </span>parcial</span></div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y19 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws30">Se<span class="blank _c"> </span>associarmos<span class="blank _c"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>agonista<span class="blank"> </span>total<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>parcial,<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>resposta<span class="blank"> </span>tende<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>reduzir<span class="blank _0"></span>,<span class="blank"> </span>pois<span class="blank"> </span>à</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y29 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws31">medida<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>agonista<span class="blank"> </span>parcial<span class="blank"> </span>começa<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>ocupar<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>receptores<span class="blank"> </span>presentes<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>tecido,<span class="blank _8"> </span>ocorre<span class="blank _8"> </span>uma</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y1a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws32">redução<span class="blank _c"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>receptores<span class="blank"> </span>livres<span class="blank"> </span>pro<span class="blank"> </span>agonista<span class="blank"> </span>total<span class="blank"> </span>produzir<span class="blank"> </span>seus<span class="blank"> </span>efeitos.<span class="blank"> </span>Por<span class="blank"> </span>exemplo:<span class="blank"> </span>tem<span class="blank"> </span>uma</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y1b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">droga<span class="blank _7"> </span>que<span class="blank _7"> </span>se<span class="blank _7"> </span>liga<span class="blank _7"> </span>a<span class="blank _7"> </span>20%<span class="blank _7"> </span>dos<span class="blank _7"> </span>receptores<span class="blank _7"> </span>para<span class="blank _7"> </span>produzir<span class="blank"> </span>100%<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>efeito<span class="blank"> </span>máximo.<span class="blank"> </span>Se<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>restantes</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y59 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws6">forem<span class="blank"> </span>preenchidos,<span class="blank"> </span>teremos<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>inibição<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>resposta.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y5a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsf">7)<span class="blank _b"> </span>Maria<span class="blank _b"> </span>Josefina,<span class="blank _b"> </span>menina<span class="blank"> </span>muito<span class="blank"> </span>curiosa,<span class="blank"> </span>aproveitou<span class="blank"> </span>seu<span class="blank"> </span>longo<span class="blank"> </span>final<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>semana<span class="blank"> </span>para</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y5b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsa">acampar<span class="blank _7"> </span>com<span class="blank _7"> </span>seus<span class="blank _7"> </span>amigos<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>escola.<span class="blank"> </span>T<span class="blank _1"></span>odos<span class="blank"> </span>foram<span class="blank"> </span>muito<span class="blank"> </span>felizes<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>contentes<span class="blank"> </span>para<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>bosque</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y5c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws33">fechado<span class="blank"> </span>próximo<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>cidade.<span class="blank"> </span>O<span class="blank"> </span>bosque<span class="blank"> </span>era<span class="blank _5"> </span>muito<span class="blank _5"> </span>verde,<span class="blank _5"> </span>florido<span class="blank _5"> </span>e<span class="blank _5"> </span>colorido,<span class="blank _5"> </span>encantando</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y5d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">muito<span class="blank"> </span>Maria<span class="blank"> </span>Josefina<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>seus<span class="blank"> </span>amigos.<span class="blank"> </span>No<span class="blank"> </span>final<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>tarde,<span class="blank"> </span>Magali<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>Eduarda,<span class="blank"> </span>suas<span class="blank"> </span>amigas<span class="blank"> </span>mais</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y5e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsb">próximas,<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>levaram<span class="blank"> </span>para<span class="blank"> </span>longe<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>grupo.<span class="blank"> </span>Como<span class="blank"> </span>Maria<span class="blank"> </span>Josefina<span class="blank _8"> </span>é<span class="blank _8"> </span>traquina,<span class="blank _8"> </span>logo<span class="blank _8"> </span>aceitou</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y5f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">passear<span class="blank _7"> </span>longe<span class="blank _7"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>acampamento.<span class="blank"> </span>Maria<span class="blank"> </span>se<span class="blank"> </span>deparou<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>lindíssimo<span class="blank"> </span>cogumelo<span class="blank"> </span>vermelho</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y60 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws14">rutilante<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>bolinhas<span class="blank"> </span>brancas,<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>achou<span class="blank"> </span>aquilo<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>coisa<span class="blank _7"> </span>mais<span class="blank _7"> </span>linda,<span class="blank _7"> </span>não<span class="blank _7"> </span>demorou<span class="blank _7"> </span>muito,</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y61 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws34">mordeu<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>generoso<span class="blank"> </span>pedaço.<span class="blank"> </span>Magali<span class="blank"> </span>observa<span class="blank"> </span>ansiosamente,<span class="blank"> </span>quer<span class="blank _0"></span>endo<span class="blank _b"> </span>também<span class="blank _b"> </span>uma</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y62 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws35">mordida.<span class="blank"> </span>Não<span class="blank"> </span>demorou<span class="blank"> </span>muito,<span class="blank"> </span>Maria<span class="blank"> </span>Josefina<span class="blank"> </span>começou<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>passar<span class="blank _b"> </span>mal:<span class="blank _b"> </span>suas<span class="blank _b"> </span>pupilas</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y63 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">diminuíram<span class="blank _8"> </span>(miose),<span class="blank _8"> </span>começou<span class="blank _8"> </span>a<span class="blank _8"> </span>lacrimejar<span class="blank _1"></span>,<span class="blank"> </span>sua<span class="blank"> </span>visão<span class="blank"> </span>à<span class="blank"> </span>distância<span class="blank"> </span>se<span class="blank"> </span>tornou<span class="blank"> </span>precária,<span class="blank"> </span>iniciou</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y64 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws36">coriza,<span class="blank _b"> </span>salivação,<span class="blank _b"> </span>cólicas<span class="blank _b"> </span>intestinais<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>alteração<span class="blank"> </span>decomportamento.<span class="blank"> </span>Magali<span class="blank"> </span>se<span class="blank"> </span>assustou,</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y65 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2d">chegou<span class="blank"> </span>próximo<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>amiga<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>notou<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>Maria<span class="blank"> </span>Josefina<span class="blank"> </span>tinha<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank _3"> </span>coração<span class="blank _4"> </span>batendo<span class="blank _3"> </span>lentamente</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y66 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(bradicardia)<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>seu<span class="blank"> </span>pulso<span class="blank"> </span>estava<span class="blank"> </span>lento,<span class="blank"> </span>Magali<span class="blank"> </span>logo<span class="blank"> </span>notou<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>Josefina<span class="blank"> </span>estava<span class="blank"> </span>em<span class="blank"> </span>hipotensão</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y67 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws37">e<span class="blank _7"> </span>envenenada.<span class="blank _7"> </span>Magali<span class="blank _7"> </span>começou<span class="blank _7"> </span>a<span class="blank _7"> </span>gritar<span class="blank"> </span>desesperadamente<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank"> </span>Eduarda,<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>tinha<span class="blank"> </span>ficado</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y68 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws38">mais<span class="blank _5"> </span>atrás<span class="blank _5"> </span>colhendo<span class="blank _5"> </span>frutos<span class="blank _5"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>sementes<span class="blank"> </span>das<span class="blank"> </span>mais<span class="blank"> </span>variadas<span class="blank"> </span>árvores<span class="blank"> </span>dali.<span class="blank"> </span>Eduarda,<span class="blank"> </span>neta<span class="blank"> </span>de</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y69 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsf">uma<span class="blank _b"> </span>famosa<span class="blank _b"> </span>curandeira<span class="blank _b"> </span>e<span class="blank _b"> </span>cultivadora<span class="blank _b"> </span>de<span class="blank _b"> </span>hortaliças<span class="blank _b"> </span>e<span class="blank _b"> </span>filha<span class="blank _b"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>mãe<span class="blank"> </span>botânica,<span class="blank"> </span>veio<span class="blank"> </span>às</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y6a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws19">carreiras<span class="blank _9"> </span>socorr<span class="blank _0"></span>er<span class="blank _9"> </span>as<span class="blank _9"> </span>duas<span class="blank _9"> </span>amigas.<span class="blank"> </span>Como<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>melhor<span class="blank"> </span>aluna<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>biologia<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>aspirante<span class="blank"> </span>à</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y6b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws39">farmacêutica<span class="blank"> </span>desde<span class="blank"> </span>muito<span class="blank"> </span>pequenininha,<span class="blank"> </span>Eduarda<span class="blank"> </span>logo<span class="blank"> </span>pensou<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>melhor<span class="blank"> </span>solução<span class="blank"> </span>para<span class="blank _8"> </span>o</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y6c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3a">envenenamento<span class="blank"> </span>pelo<span class="blank"> </span>cogumelo:<span class="blank"> </span>tinha<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>encontrar<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>beira<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>lago<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>plantinha<span class="blank _8"> </span>que</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y6d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">sua<span class="blank"> </span>avó<span class="blank"> </span>sempre<span class="blank"> </span>colhia<span class="blank"> </span>para<span class="blank"> </span>manter<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>estoque<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>emergências,<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>beladona.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y6e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsa">Explique,<span class="blank _7"> </span>com<span class="blank _7"> </span>base<span class="blank _7"> </span>nos<span class="blank _7"> </span>seus<span class="blank"> </span>conhecimentos<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>farmacodinâmica,<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>Maria<span class="blank"> </span>Josefina</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y6f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws39">teve<span class="blank _5"> </span>estes<span class="blank"> </span>sintomas.<span class="blank"> </span>Explique<span class="blank"> </span>também<span class="blank"> </span>qual<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>fundamento<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>raciocínio<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>Eduarda.<span class="blank"> </span>Ela</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y70 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1f">está<span class="blank"> </span>certa?<span class="blank"> </span>Será<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>utilizando<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>beladona,<span class="blank"> </span>ela<span class="blank"> </span>vai<span class="blank"> </span>conseguir<span class="blank"> </span>ajudar<span class="blank"> </span>sua<span class="blank"> </span>amiga?<span class="blank"> </span>V<span class="blank _1"></span>ocês<span class="blank"> </span>são</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y71 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3b">quem<span class="blank"> </span>me<span class="blank"> </span>dirão<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>final<span class="blank"> </span>dessa<span class="blank"> </span>estória!</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y72 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">RESPOST<span class="blank _2"></span>A:</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y73 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2a">De<span class="blank _c"> </span>acordo<span class="blank _c"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>manifestação<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>sintomas,<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>ingestão<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>cogumelo<span class="blank"> </span>ocasionou<span class="blank"> </span>um</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y74 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3c">incremento<span class="blank _b"> </span>na<span class="blank _b"> </span>reatividade<span class="blank _b"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>sistema<span class="blank"> </span>nervoso<span class="blank"> </span>parassimpático,<span class="blank"> </span>acarretando<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>redução<span class="blank"> </span>na</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y75 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">resposta<span class="blank _7"> </span>fisiológica<span class="blank _7"> </span>correspondente.<span class="blank _7"> </span>O<span class="blank"> </span>emprego<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>beladona<span class="blank"> </span>demonstra<span class="blank"> </span>ser<span class="blank"> </span>capaz<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>atenuar<span class="blank"> </span>os</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y76 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">efeitos<span class="blank _7"> </span>decorrentes<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>exposição<span class="blank"> </span>ao<span class="blank"> </span>cogumelo,<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>vez<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>esta<span class="blank"> </span>contém<span class="blank"> </span>atropina,<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>alcalóide</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y77 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3d">que<span class="blank"> </span>exibe<span class="blank"> </span>propriedades<span class="blank"> </span>antimuscarínicas.<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>atropina<span class="blank"> </span>age<span class="blank"> </span>mediante<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>antagonização<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>efeitos<span class="blank"> </span>da</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y78 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3e">acetilcolina,<span class="blank _b"> </span>que<span class="blank _b"> </span>desempenha<span class="blank _b"> </span>a<span class="blank _b"> </span>função<span class="blank _b"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>principal<span class="blank"> </span>mediador<span class="blank"> </span>químico<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>sistema<span class="blank"> </span>nervoso</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y79 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">parassimpático,<span class="blank"> </span>culminando,<span class="blank"> </span>assim,<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>contraposição<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>efeitos<span class="blank"> </span>característicos<span class="blank"> </span>desse<span class="blank"> </span>sistema.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y7a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">8)<span class="blank _8"> </span>No<span class="blank _8"> </span>mesmo<span class="blank _8"> </span>dia<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>toda<span class="blank"> </span>esses<span class="blank"> </span>eventos<span class="blank"> </span>inesperados<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>aventura<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>Maria<span class="blank"> </span>Josefina,<span class="blank"> </span>sua<span class="blank"> </span>avó,</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y7b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsa">dona<span class="blank _7"> </span>Josefa,<span class="blank _7"> </span>resolveu<span class="blank _7"> </span>utilizar<span class="blank _7"> </span>em<span class="blank _7"> </span>suas<span class="blank _7"> </span>hortaliças<span class="blank _7"> </span>um<span class="blank _7"> </span>pr<span class="blank _0"></span>oduto<span class="blank _7"> </span>que<span class="blank _7"> </span>seu<span class="blank"> </span>Chico,<span class="blank"> </span>seu<span class="blank"> </span>vizinho,</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y7c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3f">lhe<span class="blank _5"> </span>vendeu.<span class="blank"> </span>Seu<span class="blank"> </span>Chico<span class="blank"> </span>disse<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>aquele<span class="blank"> </span>inseticida<span class="blank"> </span>organofosforado<span class="blank"> </span>era<span class="blank"> </span>\u201cmilagreir<span class="blank _0"></span>o\u201d,<span class="blank"> </span>que</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y7d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsa">praga<span class="blank"> </span>nenhuma<span class="blank"> </span>podia<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>aquele<span class="blank"> </span>veneno<span class="blank"> </span>poderoso.<span class="blank"> </span>Dona<span class="blank"> </span>Josefa<span class="blank"> </span>logo<span class="blank"> </span>se<span class="blank _3"> </span>empolgou,<span class="blank _3"> </span>queria</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y7e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3a">ver<span class="blank _5"> </span>sua<span class="blank _5"> </span>hortinha<span class="blank _5"> </span>muito<span class="blank _5"> </span>verde,<span class="blank _5"> </span>queria<span class="blank"> </span>prosperar<span class="blank _1"></span>.<span class="blank"> </span>E<span class="blank"> </span>foi<span class="blank"> </span>dessa<span class="blank"> </span>maneira<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>ela<span class="blank"> </span>utilizou<span class="blank"> </span>às</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y7f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws26">pressas<span class="blank"> </span>aquele<span class="blank"> </span>inseticida,<span class="blank"> </span>jogou<span class="blank _10"> </span>em<span class="blank"> </span>todas<span class="blank"> </span>as<span class="blank"> </span>plantações.<span class="blank"> </span>Porém<span class="blank"> </span>depois<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>horas</div><div class="c x0 y0 w0 h7"><div class="t m0 xd h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">5</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf6" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="6"><div class="pc pc6 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w0 h0" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/5960c8ac-b68d-4611-81f3-9c378df55aeb/bg6.png"><div class="t m0 xb h4 y18 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">trabalhando<span class="blank _7"> </span>ali,<span class="blank _7"> </span>aspirando<span class="blank _7"> </span>aquele<span class="blank _7"> </span>inseticida,<span class="blank _7"> </span>dona<span class="blank _7"> </span>Josefa<span class="blank _7"> </span>começou<span class="blank _7"> </span>a<span class="blank _7"> </span>se<span class="blank"> </span>sentir<span class="blank"> </span>muito<span class="blank"> </span>mal:</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y19 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws40">miose,<span class="blank _a"> </span>dificuldade<span class="blank _a"> </span>de<span class="blank _a"> </span>visão<span class="blank"> </span>à<span class="blank"> </span>distância,<span class="blank"> </span>lacrimejamento,<span class="blank"> </span>coriza,<span class="blank"> </span>salivação,<span class="blank"> </span>cólicas</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y29 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws41">intestinais,<span class="blank"> </span>incontinência<span class="blank"> </span>urinária,<span class="blank"> </span>bradicardia,<span class="blank"> </span>hipotensão<span class="blank"> </span>arterial,<span class="blank"> </span>alteração<span class="blank _11"> </span>de</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y1a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws37">comportamento.<span class="blank _7"> </span>Explique,<span class="blank _7"> </span>com<span class="blank _7"> </span>base<span class="blank _7"> </span>na<span class="blank _7"> </span>farmacodinâmica,<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>dona<span class="blank"> </span>Josefa<span class="blank"> </span>teve<span class="blank"> </span>esses</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y1b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsb">sintomas?<span class="blank _5"> </span>O<span class="blank _5"> </span>que<span class="blank _5"> </span>vocês<span class="blank _5"> </span>fariam<span class="blank _5"> </span>para<span class="blank _5"> </span>reverter<span class="blank _5"> </span>esse<span class="blank _5"> </span>quadr<span class="blank _0"></span>o<span class="blank _5"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>dar<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>final<span class="blank"> </span>feliz<span class="blank"> </span>para<span class="blank"> </span>essa</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y59 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">estória?</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y80 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">RESPOST<span class="blank _2"></span>A:</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y81 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws42">O<span class="blank"> </span>composto<span class="blank"> </span>organofosfato<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>categorizado<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>agente<span class="blank"> </span>anticolinesterásico,</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y82 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws43">desempenhando<span class="blank"> </span>seu<span class="blank"> </span>efeito<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank"> </span>meio<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>inibição<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>atividade<span class="blank"> </span>enzimática<span class="blank"> </span>conhecida<span class="blank"> </span>como</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y83 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws44">acetilcolinesterase.<span class="blank"> </span>Esta<span class="blank"> </span>enzima<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>responsável<span class="blank"> </span>pela<span class="blank"> </span>hidrólise<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank _9"> </span>acetilcolina.<span class="blank _9"> </span>A<span class="blank _9"> </span>inibição</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y84 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws45">enzimática<span class="blank"> </span>emerge<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>principal<span class="blank"> </span>mecanismo<span class="blank"> </span>operacional<span class="blank"> </span>subjacente<span class="blank"> </span>à<span class="blank"> </span>ação<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank _8"> </span>compostos</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y85 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws46">organofosfatos.<span class="blank _11"> </span>As<span class="blank _11"> </span>estruturas<span class="blank _11"> </span>alvo<span class="blank _11"> </span>predominantes<span class="blank"> </span>para<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>efeitos<span class="blank"> </span>tóxicos<span class="blank"> </span>incluem<span class="blank"> </span>a</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y86 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws47">acetilcolinesterase,<span class="blank _d"> </span>especialmente<span class="blank _d"> </span>nas<span class="blank _d"> </span>junções<span class="blank _d"> </span>sinápticas,<span class="blank"> </span>bem<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>nas<span class="blank"> </span>membranas</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y87 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">eritrocitárias.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y88 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws10">Com<span class="blank _b"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>propósito<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>reverter<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>estado<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>saúde<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>paciente<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>Josefa,<span class="blank"> </span>é</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y89 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws48">imperativo<span class="blank _b"> </span>empregar<span class="blank _b"> </span>a<span class="blank _b"> </span>atropina,<span class="blank _b"> </span>um<span class="blank _b"> </span>antídoto<span class="blank _b"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>natureza<span class="blank"> </span>sintomática.<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>administração<span class="blank"> </span>de</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws10">atropina<span class="blank _b"> </span>promove<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>reativação<span class="blank"> </span>das<span class="blank"> </span>colinesterases,<span class="blank"> </span>tendo<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>objetivo<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>neutralização<span class="blank"> </span>dos</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws13">efeitos<span class="blank"> </span>indesejáveis<span class="blank"> </span>provocados<span class="blank"> </span>pela<span class="blank"> </span>exposição<span class="blank"> </span>ao<span class="blank"> </span>composto<span class="blank"> </span>organofosfato.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y8c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsf">9)<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>prazosina,<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>terazosina<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>doxazosina<span class="blank _5"> </span>são<span class="blank _5"> </span>fármacos<span class="blank _5"> </span>utilizados<span class="blank _5"> </span>alternativamente<span class="blank _5"> </span>no</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y8d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws32">tratamento<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>hipertensão<span class="blank"> </span>arterial.<span class="blank"> </span>Horácio,<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>sempre<span class="blank"> </span>muito<span class="blank"> </span>estudioso<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>esforçado,</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y8e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws49">quis<span class="blank"> </span>testar<span class="blank"> </span>as<span class="blank"> </span>ações<span class="blank"> </span>farmacodinâmicas<span class="blank"> </span>desses<span class="blank"> </span>fármacos,<span class="blank _3"> </span>pois<span class="blank _4"> </span>sua<span class="blank _3"> </span>avó<span class="blank _4"> </span>estava<span class="blank _3"> </span>sofrendo<span class="blank _3"> </span>muito</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y8f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2a">com<span class="blank _c"> </span>a<span class="blank _c"> </span>hipertensão,<span class="blank _c"> </span>e<span class="blank _c"> </span>Horácio<span class="blank _c"> </span>queria<span class="blank _c"> </span>uma<span class="blank _c"> </span>alternativa<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>tratamento<span class="blank"> </span>mais<span class="blank"> </span>particular<span class="blank"> </span>e</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y90 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4a">seletiva.<span class="blank"> </span>Horácio,<span class="blank"> </span>sempre<span class="blank"> </span>inteligente,<span class="blank"> </span>sabia<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>vasos<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>menor<span class="blank"> </span>calibr<span class="blank _0"></span>e<span class="blank _5"> </span>apresentam</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y91 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws23">receptor<span class="blank _0"></span>es<span class="blank _c"> </span>chamados<span class="blank _c"> </span>alfa-1<span class="blank _c"> </span>adrenérgicos,<span class="blank _c"> </span>e<span class="blank _c"> </span>também<span class="blank"> </span>sabia<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>quando<span class="blank"> </span>esses<span class="blank"> </span>receptor<span class="blank _0"></span>es</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y92 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4b">tinham<span class="blank"> </span>seus<span class="blank"> </span>sítios<span class="blank"> </span>ligados<span class="blank"> </span>à<span class="blank"> </span>noradrenalina,<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>cálcio<span class="blank"> </span>intracelular<span class="blank"> </span>aumentava<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>as<span class="blank _7"> </span>células</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y93 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">musculares<span class="blank _8"> </span>lisas<span class="blank _8"> </span>contraíam,<span class="blank"> </span>diminuindo<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>luz<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>vasos,<span class="blank"> </span>aumentando<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>r<span class="blank _0"></span>esistência<span class="blank"> </span>periférica</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y94 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4c">e<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>pressão<span class="blank"> </span>arterial.<span class="blank"> </span>Logo,<span class="blank"> </span>Horácio<span class="blank"> </span>notou<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>as<span class="blank"> </span>arteríolas<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank _7"> </span>vênulas<span class="blank _7"> </span>dos<span class="blank _7"> </span>camundongos</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y95 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws25">dilataram<span class="blank _b"> </span>após<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>uso<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>prazosina.<span class="blank"> </span>Horácio<span class="blank"> </span>concluiu<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>aquele<span class="blank"> </span>fármaco<span class="blank"> </span>diminuiu<span class="blank"> </span>a</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y96 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wse">pressão<span class="blank"> </span>arterial<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>notou<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>diminuição<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>cálcio<span class="blank"> </span>intracelular<span class="blank _1"></span>.<span class="blank"> </span>Sabendo<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank _7"> </span>os<span class="blank _7"> </span>receptor<span class="blank _0"></span>es</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y97 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws23">alfa-1<span class="blank"> </span>adrenérgicos<span class="blank"> </span>são<span class="blank"> </span>r<span class="blank _0"></span>eceptores<span class="blank"> </span>metabotrópicos<span class="blank"> </span>(receptor<span class="blank _0"></span>es<span class="blank"> </span>acoplados<span class="blank"> </span>à<span class="blank"> </span>proteína<span class="blank"> </span>Gq)</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y98 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsf">pós-sinápticos<span class="blank _b"> </span>da<span class="blank _b"> </span>terminação<span class="blank _b"> </span>nervosa<span class="blank _b"> </span>simpática,<span class="blank _b"> </span>explique,<span class="blank _b"> </span>em<span class="blank _b"> </span>nível<span class="blank _b"> </span>molecular<span class="blank _1"></span>,<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>rota</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y99 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4d">realizada<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>célula<span class="blank"> </span>muscular<span class="blank"> </span>lisa<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>leva<span class="blank"> </span>ao<span class="blank"> </span>aumento<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank _7"> </span>cálcio<span class="blank _7"> </span>intracelular<span class="blank _1"></span>,<span class="blank _7"> </span>e<span class="blank _7"> </span>a<span class="blank _7"> </span>partir</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y9a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsb">deste<span class="blank _5"> </span>esquema<span class="blank _5"> </span>justifique<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>prazosina<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>vasodilatadora<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>qual<span class="blank"> </span>seu<span class="blank"> </span>mecanismo<span class="blank"> </span>de</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y9b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">ação.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y9c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">RESPOST<span class="blank _2"></span>A:</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y9d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws19">O<span class="blank _9"> </span>agonista<span class="blank _9"> </span>estabelece<span class="blank _9"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>interação<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>receptor<span class="blank"> </span>e,<span class="blank"> </span>consequentemente,<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>o</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y9e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws17">complexo<span class="blank _5"> </span>ligante,<span class="blank _5"> </span>instaurando<span class="blank _5"> </span>uma<span class="blank _5"> </span>associação<span class="blank _5"> </span>com<span class="blank _5"> </span>a<span class="blank _5"> </span>proteína<span class="blank _5"> </span>Gq.<span class="blank _5"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>ativação<span class="blank"> </span>desta<span class="blank"> </span>proteína</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y9f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws32">resulta<span class="blank _c"> </span>na<span class="blank _c"> </span>ativação<span class="blank _c"> </span>subsequente<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>fosfolipase,<span class="blank"> </span>culminando,<span class="blank"> </span>desse<span class="blank"> </span>modo,<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>degradação<span class="blank"> </span>dos</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya0 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws13">fosfolipídios<span class="blank _8"> </span>presentes<span class="blank _8"> </span>na<span class="blank _8"> </span>membrana.<span class="blank _8"> </span>Este<span class="blank"> </span>processo<span class="blank"> </span>gera<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>segundos<span class="blank"> </span>mensageiros<span class="blank"> </span>ácido<span class="blank"> </span>glicerol</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws17">e<span class="blank"> </span>trifosfato<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>inoxitiol,<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>quais,<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank"> </span>sua<span class="blank"> </span>vez,<span class="blank"> </span>promovem<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>abertura<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>canais<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>cálcio.<span class="blank _8"> </span>Esta</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws37">ação<span class="blank"> </span>incide<span class="blank"> </span>sobre<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>receptores<span class="blank"> </span>adrenérgicos<span class="blank"> </span>alfa<span class="blank"> </span>1,<span class="blank"> </span>induzindo<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>bloqueio<span class="blank _3"> </span>e,<span class="blank _3"> </span>em<span class="blank _4"> </span>consequência,</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4e">desencadeando<span class="blank _12"> </span>vasodilatação.<span class="blank _12"> </span>Esse<span class="blank _12"> </span>efeito<span class="blank _12"> </span>resulta<span class="blank _12"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>diminuição<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>resistência<span class="blank"> </span>vascular</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws21">periférica,<span class="blank"> </span>culminando<span class="blank"> </span>em<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>redução<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>pressão<span class="blank"> </span>arterial.</div><div class="c x0 y0 w0 h7"><div class="t m0 xd h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">6</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf7" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="7"><div class="pc pc7 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w0 h0" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/5960c8ac-b68d-4611-81f3-9c378df55aeb/bg7.png"><div class="t m0 xb h4 y18 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4f">10)<span class="blank"> </span>Horácio,<span class="blank"> </span>em<span class="blank"> </span>outro<span class="blank"> </span>experimento,<span class="blank"> </span>estudou<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>ação<span class="blank"> </span>farmacológica<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank _b"> </span>teofilina,<span class="blank _b"> </span>um</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y19 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">anti-asmático.<span class="blank _7"> </span>Horácio,<span class="blank"> </span>desde<span class="blank"> </span>cedo<span class="blank"> </span>sofreu<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>asma<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>desejava<span class="blank"> </span>imensamente<span class="blank"> </span>descobrir<span class="blank"> </span>algo</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y29 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2d">para<span class="blank _7"> </span>controlar<span class="blank _7"> </span>sua<span class="blank"> </span>doença.<span class="blank"> </span>Horácio<span class="blank"> </span>descobriu<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>teofilina<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>tratamento<span class="blank"> </span>alternativo</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y1a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws50">para<span class="blank _11"> </span>a<span class="blank _11"> </span>asma,<span class="blank _11"> </span>pois<span class="blank"> </span>seu<span class="blank"> </span>uso<span class="blank"> </span>auxilia<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>relaxamento<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>musculatura<span class="blank"> </span>brônquica,</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y1b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws17">permeabilizando<span class="blank"> </span>as<span class="blank"> </span>vias<span class="blank"> </span>áreas<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>facilitando<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>r<span class="blank _0"></span>espiração.<span class="blank"> </span>Horácio,<span class="blank"> </span>muito<span class="blank"> </span>\u201cnerd\u201d,<span class="blank"> </span>leu<span class="blank _8"> </span>no</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y59 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsb">seu<span class="blank _5"> </span>livro<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>farmacologia<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>pulmão<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>r<span class="blank _0"></span>epleto<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>receptores<span class="blank"> </span>beta-2<span class="blank"> </span>adr<span class="blank _0"></span>enérgicos,<span class="blank"> </span>que</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y80 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws19">quando<span class="blank"> </span>estimulados<span class="blank"> </span>pela<span class="blank"> </span>noradrenalina<span class="blank"> </span>levam<span class="blank"> </span>à<span class="blank"> </span>br<span class="blank _0"></span>onquiodilatação,<span class="blank"> </span>pois<span class="blank"> </span>quando<span class="blank"> </span>esse</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y81 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">receptor<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>ativado<span class="blank"> </span>há<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>aumento<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>cAMP<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>ativação<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>pr<span class="blank _0"></span>oteínas<span class="blank"> </span>específicas<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>levam</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y82 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">ao<span class="blank _8"> </span>relaxamento<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>musculatura<span class="blank"> </span>lisa<span class="blank"> </span>brônquica.<span class="blank"> </span>Horácio<span class="blank"> </span>pensou<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>seguinte<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>seus<span class="blank"> </span>botões:</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y83 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsa">\u201cSe<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>aumento<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>cAMP<span class="blank"> </span>leva<span class="blank"> </span>ao<span class="blank"> </span>relaxamento<span class="blank"> </span>muscular<span class="blank _1"></span>,<span class="blank"> </span>eu<span class="blank"> </span>quero<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>fármaco<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank _3"> </span>impeça</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y84 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws18">que<span class="blank _8"> </span>minhas<span class="blank _8"> </span>moléculas<span class="blank _8"> </span>de<span class="blank _8"> </span>cAMP<span class="blank"> </span>sejam<span class="blank"> </span>degradadas,<span class="blank"> </span>pois<span class="blank"> </span>assim<span class="blank"> </span>haverá<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>maior<span class="blank"> </span>relaxamento</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y85 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws43">muscular!<span class="blank _9"> </span>Eu<span class="blank _9"> </span>quero<span class="blank _9"> </span>uma<span class="blank _9"> </span>fosfodiesterase!<span class="blank _9"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>teofilina<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>fosfodiestarase!<span class="blank"> </span>Eur<span class="blank _0"></span>eca,</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y86 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws51">eureca!\u201d.<span class="blank"> </span>Agora,<span class="blank"> </span>explique<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>mecanismo<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>sinalização<span class="blank _b"> </span>normal<span class="blank _b"> </span>dos<span class="blank _b"> </span>r<span class="blank _0"></span>eceptores<span class="blank _b"> </span>beta-2</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y87 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">adrenérgicos<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>ação<span class="blank"> </span>farmacológica<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>teofilina<span class="blank"> </span>neste<span class="blank"> </span>sistema.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y88 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">RESPOST<span class="blank _2"></span>A:</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y89 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsb">A<span class="blank"> </span>função<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>receptores<span class="blank"> </span>ß<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>pulmão<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>regulada<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank"> </span>vários<span class="blank"> </span>mecanismos<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>afetam<span class="blank"> </span>o</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">controle<span class="blank _7"> </span>do<span class="blank _7"> </span>tônus<span class="blank _7"> </span>da<span class="blank _7"> </span>musculatura<span class="blank _7"> </span>lisa<span class="blank _7"> </span>peribrônquica<span class="blank _7"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>outras<span class="blank"> </span>importantes<span class="blank"> </span>respostas<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>asma.<span class="blank"> </span>O</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws14">mecanismo<span class="blank _c"> </span>pelo<span class="blank _c"> </span>qual<span class="blank _c"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>ativação<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>receptores<span class="blank"> </span>\u03b2-adrenérgicos<span class="blank"> </span>promove<span class="blank"> </span>relaxamento<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>feito</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya5 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">através<span class="blank _8"> </span>da<span class="blank _8"> </span>ativação<span class="blank _8"> </span>e<span class="blank _8"> </span>abertura<span class="blank _8"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>canais<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>K+,<span class="blank"> </span>permitindo<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>seu<span class="blank"> </span>efluxo<span class="blank"> </span>para<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>meio<span class="blank"> </span>extracelular<span class="blank _0"></span>,</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya6 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws17">que,<span class="blank _5"> </span>por<span class="blank _5"> </span>sua<span class="blank _5"> </span>vez,<span class="blank _5"> </span>provoca<span class="blank _5"> </span>redução<span class="blank _5"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>potencial<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>membrana,<span class="blank"> </span>gerando<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>hiperpolarização<span class="blank"> </span>da</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">célula.<span class="blank _7"> </span>Isso<span class="blank"> </span>resulta<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>fechamento<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>canais<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>Ca2+<span class="blank"> </span>dependentes<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>voltagem.<span class="blank"> </span>O<span class="blank"> </span>fechamento</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws18">dos<span class="blank _8"> </span>canais<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>Ca2+<span class="blank"> </span>pela<span class="blank"> </span>hiperpolarização<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>membrana<span class="blank"> </span>provoca<span class="blank"> </span>redução<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>complexo<span class="blank"> </span>Ca2+<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>da</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws52">fosforilação<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>cadeia<span class="blank"> </span>leve<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>miosina,<span class="blank"> </span>acarretando<span class="blank"> </span>resposta<span class="blank"> </span>relaxante.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y8f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">Os<span class="blank _7"> </span>mecanismos<span class="blank _7"> </span>regulatórios<span class="blank"> </span>podem<span class="blank"> </span>ser<span class="blank"> </span>desencadeados<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank"> </span>vários<span class="blank"> </span>estímulos,<span class="blank"> </span>incluindo<span class="blank"> </span>a</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y90 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsd">exposição<span class="blank"> </span>aos<span class="blank"> </span>ß-agonistas.<span class="blank"> </span>Os<span class="blank"> </span>ß2-agonistas<span class="blank"> </span>são<span class="blank"> </span>substâncias<span class="blank _b"> </span>broncodilatadoras<span class="blank _b"> </span>que<span class="blank _b"> </span>ativam</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y91 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">diretamente<span class="blank _8"> </span>os<span class="blank _8"> </span>receptores<span class="blank _8"> </span>ß2<span class="blank _8"> </span>que<span class="blank _8"> </span>são<span class="blank _8"> </span>expressos<span class="blank _8"> </span>abundantemente<span class="blank _8"> </span>nas<span class="blank"> </span>células<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>músculo<span class="blank"> </span>liso<span class="blank"> </span>das</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y92 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws4e">vias<span class="blank"> </span>aéreas.<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>ligação<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>ß2-agonistas<span class="blank"> </span>aos<span class="blank"> </span>ß-receptores<span class="blank"> </span>causa<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank _9"> </span>ativação<span class="blank _9"> </span>da<span class="blank _9"> </span>proteína</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y93 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsb">estimuladora<span class="blank"> </span>G,.<span class="blank"> </span>O<span class="blank"> </span>acoplamento<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>ß2-agonistas<span class="blank"> </span>ocorre<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>elementos<span class="blank _8"> </span>transmembrana<span class="blank _8"> </span>da</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y94 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">terceira,<span class="blank _7"> </span>quinta<span class="blank _7"> </span>e<span class="blank _7"> </span>sexta<span class="blank"> </span>alças<span class="blank"> </span>extracelulares<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>receptor<span class="blank _0"></span>.<span class="blank"> </span>O<span class="blank"> </span>relaxamento<span class="blank"> </span>muscular<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>determinado</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y95 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsd">pelo<span class="blank"> </span>AMPc<span class="blank"> </span>através<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>ativação<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>enzima<span class="blank"> </span>proteína<span class="blank"> </span>quinase<span class="blank"> </span>(PK)<span class="blank _b"> </span>dependente<span class="blank _b"> </span>de<span class="blank _b"> </span>AMPc</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y96 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws53">(quinase-A).<span class="blank _8"> </span>Esta<span class="blank _8"> </span>enzima<span class="blank _8"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>normalmente<span class="blank"> </span>mantida<span class="blank"> </span>inativa<span class="blank"> </span>em<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>complexo<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>outra<span class="blank"> </span>proteína;<span class="blank"> </span>a</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y97 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">ligação<span class="blank"> </span>ao<span class="blank"> </span>AMPc<span class="blank"> </span>força<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>mudança<span class="blank"> </span>conformacional<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>libera<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>enzima<span class="blank"> </span>ativa.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y98 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws35">A<span class="blank"> </span>teofilina<span class="blank"> </span>relaxa<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>músculo<span class="blank"> </span>liso<span class="blank"> </span>das<span class="blank"> </span>vias<span class="blank _b"> </span>aéreas<span class="blank _b"> </span>brônquicas<span class="blank _b"> </span>e<span class="blank _b"> </span>vasos<span class="blank _b"> </span>sanguíneos</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y99 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1f">pulmonares<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>reduz<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>capacidade<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>resposta<span class="blank"> </span>das<span class="blank"> </span>vias<span class="blank"> </span>aéreas<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank _3"> </span>histamina,<span class="blank _4"> </span>metacolina,<span class="blank _3"> </span>adenosina</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y9a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws16">e<span class="blank _7"> </span>alérgeno.<span class="blank _7"> </span>Ela<span class="blank _7"> </span>inibe<span class="blank _7"> </span>competitivamente<span class="blank _7"> </span>fosfodiesterase<span class="blank _7"> </span>tipo<span class="blank _7"> </span>III<span class="blank _7"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>tipo<span class="blank"> </span>IV<span class="blank _13"></span>,<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>enzima<span class="blank"> </span>responsável</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y9b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsd">pela<span class="blank _6"> </span>quebra<span class="blank _6"> </span>do<span class="blank _6"> </span>AMP<span class="blank _6"> </span>cíclico<span class="blank _6"> </span>em<span class="blank _6"> </span>células<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>músculo<span class="blank"> </span>liso,<span class="blank"> </span>resultando<span class="blank"> </span>possivelmente<span class="blank"> </span>na</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y9c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">broncodilatação.</div><div class="t m0 xe h4 y9f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">INTERAÇÕES<span class="blank"> </span>MEDICAMENTOSAS<span class="blank"> </span>F<span class="blank _1"></span>ARMACOCINÉTICAS</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y7b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">Interações</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y7c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws54">Pacientes<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>recebem<span class="blank"> </span>dois<span class="blank"> </span>ou<span class="blank"> </span>mais<span class="blank"> </span>medicamentos</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y7d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws18">Uso<span class="blank"> </span>combinado<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>medicamentos:<span class="blank"> </span>para<span class="blank"> </span>potencializar<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>efeito<span class="blank"> </span>ou<span class="blank"> </span>minimizar<span class="blank"> </span>efeitos<span class="blank"> </span>colaterais</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y7f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws54">Interações<span class="blank"> </span>entre<span class="blank"> </span>dois<span class="blank"> </span>ou<span class="blank"> </span>mais<span class="blank"> </span>medicamentos:</div><div class="c x0 y0 w0 h7"><div class="t m0 xd h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">7</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf8" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="8"><div class="pc pc8 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w0 h0" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/5960c8ac-b68d-4611-81f3-9c378df55aeb/bg8.png"><div class="t m0 xf h2 y19 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws55">1.<span class="blank"> </span>Indiferente</div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y29 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws55">2.<span class="blank"> </span>Sinergismo</div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y1a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws53">3.<span class="blank _12"> </span>Efeito<span class="blank"> </span>aditivo</div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y1b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws55">4.<span class="blank"> </span>Antagonismo</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y80 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws56">T<span class="blank _0"></span>ipos<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>Interação<span class="blank"> </span>Medicamentosa</div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y81 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws54">\u2022<span class="blank _14"> </span>Interações<span class="blank"> </span>Farmacêuticas</div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y83 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws54">\u2022<span class="blank _14"> </span>Interações<span class="blank"> </span>Farmacocinéticas</div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y85 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws54">\u2022<span class="blank _14"> </span>Interações<span class="blank"> </span>Farmacodinâmicas</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y87 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws18">Interações<span class="blank"> </span>Farmacêuticas</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y89 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2e">Interferências<span class="blank"> </span>físico-químicas<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>afetam<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>estabilidade<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>medicamento<span class="blank"> </span>Incompatibilidade<span class="blank"> </span>entre</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws57">o<span class="blank _c"> </span>fármaco<span class="blank _c"> </span>e<span class="blank _c"> </span>o<span class="blank _c"> </span>veículo<span class="blank _c"> </span>de<span class="blank _c"> </span>administração<span class="blank _c"> </span>Incompatibilidade<span class="blank"> </span>entre<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>fármaco<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>outras<span class="blank"> </span>drogas</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws7">administradas<span class="blank"> </span>em<span class="blank"> </span>associação.</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya5 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Resultado<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>atuação<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>fenômenos<span class="blank"> </span>físicos<span class="blank"> </span>sobre<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>medicamento<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>ser<span class="blank"> </span>administrado.</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya6 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1f">Exemplo:<span class="blank _7"> </span>Antibióticos<span class="blank _7"> </span>por<span class="blank _7"> </span>via<span class="blank"> </span>intravenosa<span class="blank"> </span>em<span class="blank"> </span>grandes<span class="blank"> </span>volumes,<span class="blank"> </span>administrados<span class="blank"> </span>gota<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>gota,<span class="blank"> </span>por</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">tempo<span class="blank"> </span>prolongado.<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>droga<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>perder<span class="blank"> </span>parte<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>sua<span class="blank"> </span>atividade.</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">Considerar:</div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y8e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws58">\u2022<span class="blank"> </span>pH</div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y8f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws58">\u2022<span class="blank"> </span>Solvente</div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y90 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws58">\u2022<span class="blank"> </span>T<span class="blank _2"></span>emperatura</div><div class="t m0 xf h2 y91 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws11">\u2022<span class="blank _14"> </span>T<span class="blank _2"></span>empo<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>diluição</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y93 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws18">Interações<span class="blank"> </span>Farmacodinâmicas</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y95 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws38">Constituem<span class="blank _5"> </span>as<span class="blank"> </span>interações<span class="blank"> </span>em<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>efeitos<span class="blank"> </span>finais<span class="blank"> </span>são<span class="blank"> </span>resultantes<span class="blank"> </span>das<span class="blank"> </span>ações<span class="blank"> </span>farmacodinâmicas</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y96 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">próprias<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>agentes<span class="blank"> </span>concorrentes.<span class="blank"> </span>Esse<span class="blank"> </span>agentes,<span class="blank"> </span>quando<span class="blank"> </span>promovem<span class="blank"> </span>efeitos<span class="blank"> </span>semelhantes,<span class="blank"> </span>têm-se</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y97 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws59">como<span class="blank _c"> </span>resultado<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>simples<span class="blank"> </span>adição,<span class="blank"> </span>somação<span class="blank"> </span>ou<span class="blank"> </span>potencialização.<span class="blank"> </span>Quando<span class="blank"> </span>eles<span class="blank"> </span>possuem<span class="blank"> </span>efeitos</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y98 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5a">opostos,<span class="blank"> </span>verifica-se<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>antagonismo.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y9a ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws18">Interações<span class="blank"> </span>Farmacocinéticas</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y9c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Resulta<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>alteração<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>sua<span class="blank"> </span>eficácia</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y9d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">Interferência<span class="blank"> </span>sobre<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>fármaco<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank"> </span>outra<span class="blank"> </span>droga<span class="blank"> </span>administrada<span class="blank"> </span>simultaneamente<span class="blank"> </span>sobre:</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y9e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">Absorção</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y9f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">Distribuição</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya0 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">Metabolismo</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">Excreção</div><div class="c x0 y0 w0 h7"><div class="t m0 xd h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">8</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf9" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="9"><div class="pc pc9 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w0 h0" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/5960c8ac-b68d-4611-81f3-9c378df55aeb/bg9.png"><div class="t m0 xb h4 ya7 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5b">Os<span class="blank _9"> </span>alunos<span class="blank _9"> </span>serão<span class="blank _9"> </span>divididos<span class="blank"> </span>em<span class="blank"> </span>grupos<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>4<span class="blank"> </span>alunos.<span class="blank _15"> </span>Cada<span class="blank"> </span>grupo<span class="blank"> </span>deverá<span class="blank"> </span>explicar<span class="blank"> </span>as</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 ya8 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws18">interações<span class="blank _8"> </span>farmacocinéticas<span class="blank _8"> </span>possíveis<span class="blank _8"> </span>com<span class="blank _8"> </span>o<span class="blank _8"> </span>uso<span class="blank _8"> </span>concomitante<span class="blank"> </span>das<span class="blank"> </span>duplas<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>medicamentos</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 ya9 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5c">elencadas<span class="blank"> </span>abaixo.<span class="blank"> </span>Neste<span class="blank"> </span>sentido,<span class="blank"> </span>ilustre<span class="blank"> </span>as<span class="blank"> </span>manifestações<span class="blank"> </span>clínicas<span class="blank"> </span>possíveis<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank _b"> </span>ser<span class="blank _0"></span>em</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 yaa ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3f">percebidas<span class="blank _5"> </span>ante<span class="blank _5"> </span>tal<span class="blank"> </span>interação.<span class="blank"> </span>Este<span class="blank"> </span>formulário<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>as<span class="blank"> </span>r<span class="blank _0"></span>espostas<span class="blank"> </span>deverão<span class="blank"> </span>ser<span class="blank"> </span>postados<span class="blank"> </span>no</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 yab ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws11">google<span class="blank"> </span>classroom.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 yac ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">Caso<span class="blank"> </span>1:</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 yad ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5d">Drogas:<span class="blank"> </span>W<span class="blank _2"></span>arfarina<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>fenilbutazona</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 yae ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">RESPOST<span class="blank _2"></span>A:</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 yaf ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wse">Possíveis<span class="blank"> </span>interações<span class="blank"> </span>farmacocinética<span class="blank"> </span>-<span class="blank"> </span>DISTRIBUIÇÃO<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank"> </span>competição<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank _7"> </span>ligação<span class="blank _7"> </span>a</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 yb0 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">proteínas<span class="blank _8"> </span>plasmáticas.<span class="blank _8"> </span>Solução:<span class="blank _8"> </span>alterar<span class="blank _8"> </span>os<span class="blank _8"> </span>períodos<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>dosagens<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>medicamentos<span class="blank"> </span>para<span class="blank"> </span>diminuir</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 yb1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws49">as<span class="blank"> </span>interações<span class="blank"> </span>entre<span class="blank"> </span>fármacos<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>nutrientes.<span class="blank"> </span>Caso<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>paciente<span class="blank"> </span>tenha<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>hemorragia,<span class="blank"> </span>deve<span class="blank"> </span>ser<span class="blank"> </span>feito</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 yb2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">um<span class="blank"> </span>ajuste<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>dosagem<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>anticoagulante<span class="blank"> </span>ou<span class="blank"> </span>ser<span class="blank"> </span>administrada<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>V<span class="blank _2"></span>itamina<span class="blank"> </span>K<span class="blank"> </span>pois<span class="blank"> </span>esta<span class="blank"> </span>irá<span class="blank"> </span>inibir<span class="blank"> </span>o</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 yb3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws5e">sangramento.<span class="blank _12"> </span>Pode-se<span class="blank _12"> </span>dizer<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ff3 ws5f">o<span class="blank"> </span>antagonista<span class="blank"> </span>farmacocinético<span class="blank"> </span>r<span class="blank _16"></span>eduz<span class="blank"> </span>efeti<span class="blank _16"></span>v<span class="blank _16"></span>amente<span class="blank"> </span>a</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h8 yb4 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws60">concentração<span class="blank _8"> </span>da<span class="blank _7"> </span>dr<span class="blank _16"></span>oga<span class="blank _17"> </span>ativ<span class="blank _0"></span>a<span class="blank _7"> </span>em<span class="blank _8"> </span>seu<span class="blank"> </span>sítio<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>ação.<span class="blank"> </span>Ex:<span class="blank"> </span>redução<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>efeito<span class="blank"> </span>anticoagulant<span class="blank _16"></span>e<span class="blank"> </span>da</div><div class="t m0 xb h8 yb5 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws61">v<span class="blank _16"></span>arfarina<span class="blank"> </span>quando<span class="blank"> </span>se<span class="blank"> </span>administr<span class="blank _16"></span>a<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>fenobarbital<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>aceler<span class="blank _16"></span>a<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>metabolismo<span class="blank _18"> </span>hepático<span class="blank _18"> </span>da</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 yb6 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws62">v<span class="blank _16"></span>arfarina,<span class="blank"> </span>pois<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ff1 ws5a">tanto<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>varfarina<span class="blank"> </span>quanto<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>fenilbutazona<span class="blank"> </span>são<span class="blank"> </span>metabolizadas<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>fígado<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank"> </span>enzimas</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h2 yb7 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">do<span class="blank _8"> </span>sistema<span class="blank _8"> </span>do<span class="blank _8"> </span>citocromo<span class="blank"> </span>P450.<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>fenilbutazona<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>inibir<span class="blank"> </span>as<span class="blank"> </span>enzimas<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>citocromo<span class="blank"> </span>P450,<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>que</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 yb8 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws14">pode<span class="blank _c"> </span>resultar<span class="blank _c"> </span>em<span class="blank _c"> </span>níveis<span class="blank _c"> </span>mais<span class="blank"> </span>altos<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>warfarina<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>organismo.<span class="blank"> </span>Isso<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>aumentar<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>efeito</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 yb9 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws54">anticoagulante<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>varfarina,<span class="blank"> </span>aumentando<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>risco<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>sangramento.</div><div class="c x0 y0 w0 h7"><div class="t m0 xd h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">9</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pfa" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="a"><div class="pc pca w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w0 h0" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/5960c8ac-b68d-4611-81f3-9c378df55aeb/bga.png"><div class="t m0 xc h2 y18 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">Outra<span class="blank _7"> </span>interação<span class="blank _7"> </span>importante<span class="blank _7"> </span>são<span class="blank _7"> </span>as<span class="blank _7"> </span>ligações<span class="blank"> </span>às<span class="blank"> </span>proteínas<span class="blank"> </span>plasmáticas,<span class="blank"> </span>visto<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>ambas<span class="blank"> </span>as</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y19 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws63">drogas<span class="blank _5"> </span>têm<span class="blank _5"> </span>alta<span class="blank"> </span>ligação<span class="blank"> </span>às<span class="blank"> </span>proteínas<span class="blank"> </span>plasmáticas<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>sangue.<span class="blank"> </span>O<span class="blank"> </span>uso<span class="blank"> </span>concomitante<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>levar<span class="blank"> </span>a</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y29 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws14">uma<span class="blank _c"> </span>competição<span class="blank _c"> </span>por<span class="blank _c"> </span>locais<span class="blank _c"> </span>de<span class="blank _c"> </span>ligação,<span class="blank _c"> </span>o<span class="blank _c"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>afetar<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>níveis<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>ambas<span class="blank"> </span>as<span class="blank"> </span>drogas<span class="blank"> </span>no</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y1a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">organismo.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y59 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws17">Além<span class="blank _5"> </span>disso,<span class="blank _5"> </span>pode-se<span class="blank _5"> </span>citar<span class="blank _5"> </span>o<span class="blank _5"> </span>efeito<span class="blank _5"> </span>antiplaquetário,<span class="blank _5"> </span>pois<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>fenilbutazona<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>ter<span class="blank"> </span>esses</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y80 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">efeitos,<span class="blank _8"> </span>o<span class="blank _8"> </span>que<span class="blank _8"> </span>pode<span class="blank _8"> </span>aumentar<span class="blank _8"> </span>ainda<span class="blank _8"> </span>mais<span class="blank _8"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>risco<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>sangramento<span class="blank"> </span>quando<span class="blank"> </span>usado<span class="blank"> </span>em<span class="blank"> </span>conjunto<span class="blank"> </span>com</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y81 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws64">a<span class="blank"> </span>varfarina.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y83 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">Caso<span class="blank"> </span>2:</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y84 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws11">Droga:<span class="blank"> </span>Cimetidina<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>Benzodiazepínicos</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y85 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">RESPOST<span class="blank _2"></span>A<span class="ff1">:</span></div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y86 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws21">Ocorre<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>biotransformação<span class="blank"> </span>por<span class="blank"> </span>inibição<span class="blank"> </span>enzimática.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y87 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1d">A<span class="blank"> </span>cimetidina<span class="blank"> </span>interfere<span class="blank"> </span>na<span class="blank"> </span>absorção<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>metabolismo<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>algumas<span class="blank _6"> </span>substâncias,</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y88 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wsd">retardando-as.<span class="blank"> </span>Aumenta,<span class="blank"> </span>também,<span class="blank"> </span>ação<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>reações<span class="blank"> </span>adversas<span class="blank _b"> </span>da<span class="blank _b"> </span>benzodiazepina,<span class="blank _b"> </span>no<span class="blank _b"> </span>caso<span class="blank _b"> </span>a</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y89 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws16">cimetidina<span class="blank _7"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>inibidor<span class="blank"> </span>das<span class="blank"> </span>referidas<span class="blank"> </span>isoenzimas,<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>originar<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>sedação<span class="blank"> </span>aumentada<span class="blank"> </span>e</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">prolongada.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y8b ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">Substratos<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>sejam<span class="blank"> </span>moduladores<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>CYP3A<span class="blank"> </span>e/ou<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>CYP2C19<span class="blank"> </span>podem<span class="blank"> </span>potencialmente</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya5 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws65">alterar<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>farmacocinética<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>diazepam.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 ya6 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws6">A<span class="blank"> </span>solução<span class="blank"> </span>seria<span class="blank"> </span>modificar<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>administração<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>sedativos.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y8c ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws31">A<span class="blank _5"> </span>cimetidina<span class="blank _5"> </span>como<span class="blank _5"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>medicamento<span class="blank"> </span>utilizado<span class="blank"> </span>para<span class="blank"> </span>tratar<span class="blank"> </span>úlceras<span class="blank"> </span>gástricas<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>refluxo</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8d ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws66">ácido,<span class="blank _12"> </span>enquanto<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>benzodiazepínicos<span class="blank"> </span>são<span class="blank"> </span>uma<span class="blank"> </span>classe<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>medicamentos<span class="blank"> </span>frequentemente</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8e ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws23">prescritos<span class="blank"> </span>para<span class="blank"> </span>tratar<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>ansiedade,<span class="blank"> </span>insônia<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>outros<span class="blank"> </span>distúrbios<span class="blank"> </span>relacionados<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>ocorrer<span class="blank"> </span>uma</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y8f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws67">inibição<span class="blank _8"> </span>das<span class="blank _8"> </span>enzimas<span class="blank _8"> </span>do<span class="blank _8"> </span>citocromo<span class="blank _8"> </span>P450<span class="blank _8"> </span>no<span class="blank _8"> </span>fígado,<span class="blank _8"> </span>especialmente<span class="blank _8"> </span>a<span class="blank _8"> </span>CYP1A2<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>CYP3A4.<span class="blank"> </span>Essas</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y90 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws14">enzimas<span class="blank _c"> </span>são<span class="blank _c"> </span>responsáveis<span class="blank _c"> </span>pelo<span class="blank"> </span>metabolismo<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>muitos<span class="blank"> </span>benzodiazepínicos.<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>inibição<span class="blank"> </span>dessas</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y91 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws68">enzimas<span class="blank _11"> </span>pela<span class="blank"> </span>cimetidina<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>aumentar<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>níveis<span class="blank"> </span>sanguíneos<span class="blank"> </span>dos<span class="blank"> </span>benzodiazepínicos,</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y92 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">prolongando<span class="blank"> </span>seu<span class="blank"> </span>efeito<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>aumentando<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>risco<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>efeitos<span class="blank"> </span>colaterais<span class="blank"> </span>sedativos.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y93 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws32">Além<span class="blank"> </span>disso,<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>cimetidina<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>diminuir<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>absorção<span class="blank"> </span>intestinal<span class="blank _7"> </span>de<span class="blank _7"> </span>algumas<span class="blank _7"> </span>substâncias,</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y94 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1e">incluindo<span class="blank"> </span>benzodiazepínicos,<span class="blank"> </span>devido<span class="blank"> </span>à<span class="blank"> </span>sua<span class="blank"> </span>ação<span class="blank"> </span>inibitória<span class="blank"> </span>sobre<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>sistema<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>transporte<span class="blank _3"> </span>ativo<span class="blank _4"> </span>no</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y95 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws69">intestino.<span class="blank"> </span>Isso<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>resultar<span class="blank"> </span>em<span class="blank"> </span>níveis<span class="blank"> </span>mais<span class="blank"> </span>baixos<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>benzodiazepínicos<span class="blank _9"> </span>no<span class="blank _9"> </span>sangue<span class="blank _9"> </span>e</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y96 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws6a">possivelmente<span class="blank"> </span>reduzir<span class="blank"> </span>sua<span class="blank"> </span>eficácia.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y97 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">A<span class="blank _8"> </span>cimetidina<span class="blank _8"> </span>também<span class="blank _8"> </span>pode<span class="blank _8"> </span>ter<span class="blank _8"> </span>um<span class="blank _8"> </span>efeito<span class="blank"> </span>aditivo<span class="blank"> </span>com<span class="blank"> </span>os<span class="blank"> </span>benzodiazepínicos<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>sentido<span class="blank"> </span>de</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y98 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws14">causar<span class="blank"> </span>sonolência<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>sedação.<span class="blank"> </span>Isso<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>aumentar<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>risco<span class="blank"> </span>de<span class="blank"> </span>efeitos<span class="blank"> </span>colaterais<span class="blank"> </span>relacionados<span class="blank _7"> </span>à</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y99 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3e">depressão<span class="blank _b"> </span>do<span class="blank"> </span>sistema<span class="blank"> </span>nervoso<span class="blank"> </span>central,<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>sonolência<span class="blank"> </span>excessiva,<span class="blank"> </span>tontura<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>dificuldade<span class="blank"> </span>de</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 y9a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">concentração.</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y9c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">Caso<span class="blank"> </span>3:</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y9d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Droga:<span class="blank"> </span>Digoxina<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>metoclopramida</div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y9e ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws9">RESPOST<span class="blank _2"></span>A:</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 y9f ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws13">A<span class="blank _8"> </span>digoxina<span class="blank _8"> </span>é<span class="blank _8"> </span>um<span class="blank _8"> </span>medicamento<span class="blank _8"> </span>usado<span class="blank _8"> </span>para<span class="blank _8"> </span>tratar<span class="blank"> </span>condições<span class="blank"> </span>cardíacas,<span class="blank"> </span>como<span class="blank"> </span>insuficiência</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya0 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 wse">cardíaca<span class="blank _c"> </span>congestiva<span class="blank _c"> </span>e<span class="blank _c"> </span>arritmias,<span class="blank _c"> </span>enquanto<span class="blank _c"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>metoclopramida<span class="blank"> </span>é<span class="blank"> </span>frequentemente<span class="blank"> </span>prescrita<span class="blank"> </span>para</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws13">tratar<span class="blank"> </span>náuseas,<span class="blank"> </span>vômitos<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>distúrbios<span class="blank"> </span>gastrointestinais.</div><div class="t m0 xc h2 ya2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">Essa<span class="blank _7"> </span>interação<span class="blank"> </span>medicamentosa<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>gerar<span class="blank"> </span>um<span class="blank"> </span>esvaziamento<span class="blank"> </span>gástrico.<span class="blank"> </span>A<span class="blank"> </span>metoclopramida</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws8">é<span class="blank _8"> </span>um<span class="blank _8"> </span>medicamento<span class="blank"> </span>que<span class="blank"> </span>pode<span class="blank"> </span>acelerar<span class="blank"> </span>o<span class="blank"> </span>esvaziamento<span class="blank"> </span>gástrico<span class="blank"> </span>e<span class="blank"> </span>aumentar<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>motilidade<span class="blank"> </span>intestinal.</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 ya4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws17">Isso<span class="blank _5"> </span>pode<span class="blank _5"> </span>afetar<span class="blank _5"> </span>a<span class="blank _5"> </span>absorção<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>digoxina<span class="blank"> </span>no<span class="blank"> </span>trato<span class="blank"> </span>gastrointestinal.<span class="blank"> </span>Se<span class="blank"> </span>a<span class="blank"> </span>digoxina<span class="blank"> </span>for<span class="blank"> </span>absorvida</div><div class="t m0 xb h2 yba ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws15">mais<span class="blank"> </span>rapidamente<span class="blank"> </span>devido<span class="blank"> </span>à<span class="blank"> </span>ação<span class="blank"> </span>da<span class="blank"> </span>metoclopramida,<span class="blank"> </span>isso<span class="blank"> </span>poderia<span class="blank"> </span>potencialmente<span class="blank"> </span>aumentar<span class="blank _3"> </span>seus</div><div class="c x0 y0 w0 h7"><div class="t m0 x10 h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">10</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div>
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