<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/1499a9d9-b8e2-4e5e-bc90-1f4ce94281e0/bg1.png"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls8 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">So</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ciedade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Brasileir</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls8 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">Mestrado</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Pro\ue61cssional</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Rede</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Nacional</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y3 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls8 ws1"><span class="fc3 sc0">MA11</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue615</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Nú</span><span class="fc3 sc0">meros</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">F</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">unçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Reais</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y4 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls8 ws1"><span class="fc3 sc0">Unidade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue615</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y5 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls8 ws1"><span class="fc3 sc0">Unidade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">2</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue615</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y6 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls8 ws1"><span class="fc3 sc0">Roteiro</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Estudos</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y7 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2"><span class="fc3 sc0">Em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">muitos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">casos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">livros</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">didáticos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ensino</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">básico</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">introdu-</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y8 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3"><span class="fc3 sc0">zem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">determi</span><span class="fc3 sc0">n</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ados</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">assuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">(tipicamente,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">funçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es)</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">com</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rte-</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y9 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4"><span class="fc3 sc0">mente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">baseada</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">co</span><span class="fc3 sc0">n</span><span class="fc3 sc0">j</span><span class="fc3 sc0">untos</span><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">subitamente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">abandonada</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seguida.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ais</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 ya ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws5"><span class="fc3 sc0">inconsistências</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">atrapalha</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">consideravelmente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ap</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rendiza-</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 yb ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6"><span class="fc3 sc0">gem.</span><span class="blank _4"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">As</span><span class="fc3 sc0">sim</span><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">funda</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ental</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ofesso</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sab</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">er</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">adequa</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 yc ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws7"><span class="fc3 sc0">notação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">níve</span><span class="fc3 sc0">l</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">q</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ue</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">está</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ensinando,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">evitando</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">imp</span><span class="fc3 sc0">recisõ</span><span class="fc3 sc0">es,</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 yd ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lado,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exage</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ros</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rmalismo,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">outro.</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 ye ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws9"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">no</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">construída</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">meio</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sistema</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">axiomas</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 yf ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsa"><span class="fc3 sc0">esp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ecí\ue61cco.</span><span class="blank _5"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Entretanto,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ap</span><span class="fc3 sc0">resenta</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">essa</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">construção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">escapa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ria</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ao</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">escop</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">aos</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y10 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsb"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ósitos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">deste</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">contexto.</span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">O</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">objetivo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">desta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">unidade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">intro</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">duzir</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y11 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsc"><span class="fc3 sc0">básica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ap</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rofunda</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">eo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ria</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjuntos.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ticula</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r,</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y12 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsd"><span class="fc3 sc0">visamos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">evidenci</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">as</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">relaçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">básica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">álgeb</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y13 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wse"><span class="fc3 sc0">com</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ling</span><span class="fc3 sc0">u</span><span class="fc3 sc0">age</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">básica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lógica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">matemátic</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">osiçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Assim,</span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vamos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">as-</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y14 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsf"><span class="fc3 sc0">sumir</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conceito</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y14 ff4 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h3 y14 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsf"><span class="fc3 sc0">como</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">no</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rimitiva,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de\ue61cni</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ção.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">demos,</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y15 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws10"><span class="fc3 sc0">neste</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">caso,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">simplesmente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ensa</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">como</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">estamos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="fc3 sc0">c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ostu</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y16 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws11"><span class="fc3 sc0">sab</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">er,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">com</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sendo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rmado</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seus</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">lementos.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtindo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">desta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">no</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rimiti</span><span class="fc3 sc0">va</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y17 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws12"><span class="fc3 sc0">sem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de\ue61cnição,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de\ue61cniremos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">outros</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">onceitos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">demonstra</span><span class="fc3 sc0">remos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rincipais</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y18 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws13"><span class="fc3 sc0">teo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">remas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">asso</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ciados.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">aqueles</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">quiserem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ap</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rofunda</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">eo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ia</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y19 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjuntos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">recomendamos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">l</span><span class="fc3 sc0">eitura</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">[3].</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y1a ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws14"><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rofesso</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fundamental</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conhe</span><span class="fc3 sc0">cimento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos,</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y1b ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws15"><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vez</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">esta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">base</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">comum</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">camp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">atu</span><span class="fc3 sc0">al</span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y1c ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws16"><span class="fc3 sc0">Este</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conhecimento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">imp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtante,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mesmo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">saiba</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ade</span><span class="fc3 sc0">q</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ua</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">grau</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y1d ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws17"><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rmalismo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">cada</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">série</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">educação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">básica.</span><span class="blank _5"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y1e ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws18"><span class="fc3 sc0">exemplo,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mesmo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">usa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">com</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">segurança</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sala</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">aula</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue610abuso</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">notação\ue611</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h4 y1f ff5 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0">r<span class="ff6 ls1">\u2229</span><span class="ls2">s<span class="ff7 ls3">=</span><span class="ls8">P</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h3 y1f ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws19"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">quando</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fala</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">onto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">i</span><span class="fc3 sc0">nterseção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">duas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">retas,</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">reciso</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ter</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y20 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsd"><span class="fc3 sc0">cla</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ro</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">versão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">rigo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rosamente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">co</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rreta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seria</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h4 y20 ff5 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls4">r<span class="ff6 ls5">\u2229</span><span class="ls2">s<span class="ff7 ls6">=<span class="ff6 ls8">{</span></span><span class="ls7">P<span class="ff6 ls8">}</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h3 y20 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsd"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">isto,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">deve-</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y21 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws12"><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">li</span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">confo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtavelmente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">com</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">as</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">relaçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elementos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h5 y22 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w2 h6" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/1499a9d9-b8e2-4e5e-bc90-1f4ce94281e0/bg2.png"><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y23 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1b"><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos.</span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ssim,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ao</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">estuda</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">esta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">unidade,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">cure</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">resta</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rticula</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">atenção</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y24 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1c"><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">como</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">facilita</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exp</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ressão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">racio</span><span class="fc3 sc0">cínio</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y25 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">dedutivo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">matemátic</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o.</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y26 ff9 fs3 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1d"><span class="fc3 sc0">Referências</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Bibliográ\ue61ccas</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h3 y27 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1e"><span class="fc3 sc0">[1]</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Eves,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">H</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">w</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rd.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y27 ff4 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls8 ws1f"><span class="fc3 sc0">An</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Intro</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">duction</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">the</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Histo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ry</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">of</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Mathematics</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h3 y27 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1f"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">New</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Y</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rk:</span></div><div class="t m0 xc h3 y28 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Holt,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Ri</span><span class="fc3 sc0">neha</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rt</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">and</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Winston,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1964.</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h3 y29 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">[2]</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Figueiredo,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Djairo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">G.</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h3 y29 ff4 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Análise</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">I</span></div><div class="t m0 xe h3 y29 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws20"><span class="fc3 sc0">Rio</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Janeiro:</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">L</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">TC,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1996.</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h3 y2a ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">[3]</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Halmos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">aul.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y2a ff4 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Naive</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Set</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Theo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ry</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h3 y2a ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws21"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">New</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Y</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rk:</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Sp</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ringer,</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1974.</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h3 y2b ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws22"><span class="fc3 sc0">[4]</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Lima,</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Elo</span><span class="fc3 sc0">n</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Lages.</span></div><div class="t m0 xf h3 y2b ff4 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls8 ws23"><span class="fc3 sc0">Curso</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Aná</span><span class="fc3 sc0">l</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ise</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 h3 y2b ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws22"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">V</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ol.</span><span class="blank _c"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1.</span><span class="blank _c"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Rio</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Janeiro:</span><span class="blank _4"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">SBM,</span></div><div class="t m0 xc h3 y2c ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Projeto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Euclide</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1976.</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h5 y22 ff8 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">2</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x11 y2d w3 h8" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/1499a9d9-b8e2-4e5e-bc90-1f4ce94281e0/bg3.png"><div class="t m0 x12 h9 y2e ffa fs4 fc4 sc0 ls8 ws24"><span class="fc3 sc0">Unid</span><span class="blank _d"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ades</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">2</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h5 y2f ffb fs2 fc4 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span></div><div class="t m0 x13 ha y30 ffc fs5 fc5 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h5 y31 ffd fs2 fc6 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Sumário</span></div><div class="t m0 x14 h2 y32 ffe fs0 fc1 sc0 ls9 ws25"><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">I</span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">n</span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">t</span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _f"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">d</span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">u</span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ç</span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ã</span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.........</span><span class="fc3 sc0">..............</span><span class="blank _10"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">2</span><span class="blank _e"></span></div><div class="t m0 x14 h2 y33 ffe fs0 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws26"><span class="fc3 sc0">1.2</span><span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">No</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ção</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjunto</span><span class="blank _12"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _13"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">3</span></div><div class="t m0 x14 h2 y34 ffe fs0 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws26"><span class="fc3 sc0">1.3</span><span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Relação</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">I</span><span class="fc3 sc0">nclusã</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _13"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">5</span></div><div class="t m0 x14 h2 y35 ffe fs0 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws26"><span class="fc3 sc0">1.4</span><span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">O</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Complementa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Con</span><span class="fc3 sc0">junto</span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _14"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">12</span></div><div class="t m0 x14 h2 y36 ffe fs0 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws26"><span class="fc3 sc0">1.5</span><span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Reunião</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">In</span><span class="fc3 sc0">terseçã</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _15"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _14"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">16</span></div><div class="t m0 x14 h2 y37 ffe fs0 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws26"><span class="fc3 sc0">1.6</span><span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Exercícios</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Recomendados</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _14"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">19</span></div><div class="t m0 x14 h2 y38 ffe fs0 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws26"><span class="fc3 sc0">1.7</span><span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Exercícios</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Suplementa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">res</span><span class="blank _16"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _14"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">20</span></div><div class="t m0 x14 h2 y39 ffe fs0 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws26"><span class="fc3 sc0">1.8</span><span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">extos</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Comp</span><span class="fc3 sc0">lementa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">res</span><span class="blank _17"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _14"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">24</span></div><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[4,"XYZ",141.732,688.819,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:408.455000px;bottom:366.150000px;width:8.001000px;height:9.105000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[5,"XYZ",56.693,688.819,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:408.455000px;bottom:345.407000px;width:8.001000px;height:9.106000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[7,"XYZ",56.693,421.31,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:408.455000px;bottom:324.665000px;width:8.001000px;height:9.106000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[14,"XYZ",141.732,610.457,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:402.446000px;bottom:303.923000px;width:14.010000px;height:9.106000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[18,"XYZ",141.732,646.496,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:402.446000px;bottom:283.181000px;width:14.010000px;height:9.106000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[21,"XYZ",56.693,688.819,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:402.446000px;bottom:262.439000px;width:14.010000px;height:9.106000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[22,"XYZ",141.732,193.584,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:402.446000px;bottom:241.696000px;width:14.010000px;height:9.106000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[26,"XYZ",141.732,688.819,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:402.446000px;bottom:220.954000px;width:14.010000px;height:9.106000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x15 y0 w4 hb" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/1499a9d9-b8e2-4e5e-bc90-1f4ce94281e0/bg4.png"><div class="t m0 x16 hc y3a fff fs1 fc4 sc0 ls8 ws27"><span class="fc3 sc0">unid</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ades</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">2</span><span class="blank _18"> </span><span class="ws1a v1"><span class="fc3 sc0">Intr</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">oduçã</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h7 y3b ff10 fs3 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws28"><span class="fc3 sc0">1.1</span><span class="blank _19"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Intro</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dução</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y3c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2"><span class="fc3 sc0">Em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">muitos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">casos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">livros</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">didáticos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ensino</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">básico</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">introdu-</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y3d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3"><span class="fc3 sc0">zem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">determi</span><span class="fc3 sc0">na</span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">assuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">(tipicamente,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">funçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es)</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">com</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguage</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rte-</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y3e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4"><span class="fc3 sc0">mente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">baseada</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">onjuntos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">subitame</span><span class="fc3 sc0">nte</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">abandonada</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seguida.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ais</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y3f ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws5"><span class="fc3 sc0">inconsistências</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">atrapalha</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">consideravelmente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ap</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rendiza-</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y40 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6"><span class="fc3 sc0">gem.</span><span class="blank _4"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Ass</span><span class="fc3 sc0">i</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m,</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fundamental</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ofesso</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ab</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">er</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">adequa</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y41 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws7"><span class="fc3 sc0">notação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">nív</span><span class="fc3 sc0">el</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="fc3 sc0">tá</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ensinando,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">evitando</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">imp</span><span class="fc3 sc0">recisõ</span><span class="fc3 sc0">es,</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y42 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lado,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ex</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ge</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ros</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rmalismo,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">outro.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y43 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws9"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">no</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">construída</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">meio</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sistem</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">axiomas</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y44 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsa"><span class="fc3 sc0">esp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ecí\ue61cco.</span><span class="blank _5"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Entretanto,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ap</span><span class="fc3 sc0">resenta</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">essa</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">construção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">escapa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ria</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ao</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">escop</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">aos</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y45 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsb"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ósitos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">deste</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">contexto.</span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">O</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">objetivo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">desta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">unidade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">intro</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">duzir</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y46 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsc"><span class="fc3 sc0">básica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ap</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rofunda</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">eo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ria</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjuntos.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rticula</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y47 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsd"><span class="fc3 sc0">visamos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">evidenc</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ia</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">as</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">relaçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">básica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">álgeb</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y48 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wse"><span class="fc3 sc0">com</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">li</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ngua</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ge</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">básica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lógica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">matem</span><span class="fc3 sc0">á</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ti</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ca</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">osiçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Assim,</span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vamos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">as-</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y49 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsf"><span class="fc3 sc0">sumir</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conceito</span></div><div class="t m0 x18 h3 y49 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x19 h3 y49 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsf"><span class="fc3 sc0">como</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">no</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rimitiva,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de\ue61cni</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ção.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">demos,</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y4a ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws10"><span class="fc3 sc0">neste</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">caso,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">simplesmente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ensa</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">como</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">estamos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">acostumados</span><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y4b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws11"><span class="fc3 sc0">sab</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">er,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">co</span><span class="fc3 sc0">mo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sendo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rmado</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seus</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elementos.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtindo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">desta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">no</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rimi</span><span class="fc3 sc0">tiva</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y4c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws12"><span class="fc3 sc0">sem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de\ue61cnição,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de\ue61cniremos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">outros</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">onceitos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">demonstra</span><span class="fc3 sc0">remos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rincipais</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y4d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws13"><span class="fc3 sc0">teo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">remas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">asso</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ciados.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">aqueles</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">quiserem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ap</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rofunda</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">eo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ria</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y4e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjuntos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">recomendamos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">leitura</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">[</span><span class="fc7"><span class="fc3 sc0">5</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">].</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y4f ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws29"><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rofesso</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fundamental</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">onhecimento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos,</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y50 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2a"><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vez</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">base</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">co</span><span class="fc3 sc0">mum</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">camp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y51 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2b"><span class="fc3 sc0">atual.</span><span class="blank _5"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Este</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conhecimento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">imp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtante,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mesmo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">saiba</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">adequa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y52 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2c"><span class="fc3 sc0">grau</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rmalismo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">cada</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">série</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">educação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">básica.</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y53 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2d"><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exemplo,</span><span class="blank _1a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mesmo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">usa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">com</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">segurança</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sala</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">aula</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue610a</span><span class="fc3 sc0">buso</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y54 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">notação\ue611</span></div><div class="t m0 x1a hd y54 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 lsa">r<span class="ff14 lsb">\u2229</span><span class="lsc">s<span class="ff15 lsd">=</span><span class="ls8">P</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1b h3 y54 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2e"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">quando</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fala</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">onto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">interseção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">duas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">re</span><span class="fc3 sc0">t</span><span class="fc3 sc0">as</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y55 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2f"><span class="fc3 sc0">(veja</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 x1c h3 y55 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Re\ue61dexão</span></div><div class="t m0 x1d h3 y55 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2f"><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p.</span><span class="blank _1b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">5),</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">reciso</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ter</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">cla</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ro</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ver</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">rigo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rosamente</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y56 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws17"><span class="fc3 sc0">co</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rreta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seria</span></div><div class="t m0 x1e hd y56 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 lse">r<span class="ff14 lsf">\u2229</span><span class="ls10">s<span class="ff15 ls11">=<span class="ff14 ls8">{</span></span><span class="ls12">P<span class="ff14 ls8">}</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1f h3 y56 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws17"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _5"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">isto,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">deve-se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lida</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">onfo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtavelm</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">com</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">as</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws30"><span class="fc3 sc0">relaçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">eleme</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Assim,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ao</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">estuda</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">esta</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y58 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws31"><span class="fc3 sc0">unidade,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">cure</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">resta</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rticula</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">atenção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">como</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y59 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws20"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">facilita</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exp</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ressão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">d</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">racio</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">cínio</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dedutivo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">matemático.</span></div><div class="t m0 x20 h5 y22 ffb fs2 fc2 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">2</span></div><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[43,"XYZ",56.693,451.468,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:350.178000px;bottom:295.733000px;width:7.845000px;height:9.834000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[5,"XYZ",56.693,688.819,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:257.102000px;bottom:158.899000px;width:7.845000px;height:13.945000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x21 y0 w5 hb" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/1499a9d9-b8e2-4e5e-bc90-1f4ce94281e0/bg5.png"><div class="t m0 x22 h3 y3a fff fs1 fc4 sc0 ls8 ws27"><span class="fc3 sc0">unid</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ade</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">2</span></div><div class="t m0 x23 h3 y5a fff fs1 fc4 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y3b ff10 fs3 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1d"><span class="fc3 sc0">1.2</span><span class="blank _19"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">No</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y5b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws32"><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">atual</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rmulada</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtanto,</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y5c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws33"><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">no</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fundamental:</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtir</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">del</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conce</span><span class="fc3 sc0">itos</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y5d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2d"><span class="fc3 sc0">matemáticos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exp</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ressos.</span><span class="blank _1c"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Ela</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tamb</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ém</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">simples</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">das</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ideias</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y5e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">matemáticas.</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y5f ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws34"><span class="fc3 sc0">Um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rmado</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elementos.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">verdade,</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">demos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dizer</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y60 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws35"><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">isso.</span><span class="blank _1a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x24 h3 y60 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws35"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de\ue61cnido</span></div><div class="t m0 x25 h3 y60 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws35"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seus</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elementos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">(e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">nada</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mai</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="fc3 sc0">).</span><span class="blank _1a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Este</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fato</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y61 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws36"><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">re\ue61dete</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">cla</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ramente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">no</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ç</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ã</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">igualdade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos:</span><span class="blank _16"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dois</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y62 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws37"><span class="fc3 sc0">são</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">iguais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">somente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ossuem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mesmos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">el</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ementos.</span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Isto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y63 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws38"><span class="fc3 sc0">haver</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dois</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">difer</span><span class="fc3 sc0">entes</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tenham</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mesmos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elementos.</span><span class="blank _12"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">eo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ria</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y64 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws39"><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjuntos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">esta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">co</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rre</span><span class="fc3 sc0">sp</span><span class="fc3 sc0">onde</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ao</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">chamado</span></div><div class="t m0 x26 h3 y64 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws39"><span class="fc3 sc0">Axioma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Extensão</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y65 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">(pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sab</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">er</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mais,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">veja</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">[</span><span class="fc7"><span class="fc3 sc0">5</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">]).</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y66 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3a"><span class="fc3 sc0">Dados</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x27 h4 y66 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x28 h3 y66 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3a"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">objeto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">qualquer</span></div><div class="t m0 x29 h4 y66 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">a</div><div class="t m0 x2a h3 y66 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3a"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">única</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ergunta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">cabível</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y67 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3b"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span></div><div class="t m0 x2b h4 y67 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">a</div><div class="t m0 x2c h3 y67 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3b"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ou</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elemento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x19 h4 y67 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x2d h3 y67 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">?</span></div><div class="t m0 x2e h3 y67 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3b"><span class="fc3 sc0">Esta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ergunta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">só</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">admite</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">duas</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y68 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">resp</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ostas</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ossíveis:</span></div><div class="t m0 x2f h3 y68 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">sim</span></div><div class="t m0 x27 h3 y68 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">ou</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h3 y68 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span></div><div class="t m0 x30 h3 y68 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3d"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">No</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">caso</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a\ue61crmativo,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">diz-se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x31 h4 y68 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">a</div><div class="t m0 xb h3 y68 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ertence</span></div><div class="t m0 x32 h3 y68 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">ao</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y69 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h4 y69 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x33 h3 y69 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3e"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">escr</span><span class="fc3 sc0">eve-se</span></div><div class="t m0 x34 hd y69 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls13">a<span class="ff14 ls14">\u2208</span><span class="ls8">A</span></div><div class="t m0 x35 h3 y69 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3e"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _12"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Caso</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">contrá</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">io,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">diz-se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y69 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">a</div><div class="t m0 x37 h3 y69 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank _17"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtence</span></div><div class="t m0 x32 h3 y69 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">ao</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y6a ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x38 h4 y6a ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x33 h3 y6a ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">õ</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e-se</span></div><div class="t m0 xa hd y6a ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3f">a<span class="blank"> </span>/<span class="blank _1d"></span><span class="ff14 ls15">\u2208<span class="ff13 ls8">A</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1a h3 y6a ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y6b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2"><span class="fc3 sc0">Em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">qualque</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a\ue61crmação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h3 y6b ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2"><span class="fc3 sc0">verdadeira</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ou</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">falsa</span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h3 y6b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">haver</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y6c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws7"><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">terceira</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">op</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ção,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">nem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">as</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">duas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ao</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mesmo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">temp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">E</span><span class="fc3 sc0">stes</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fatos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">básicos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">são</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">co-</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y6d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws19"><span class="fc3 sc0">nhecidos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">omo</span></div><div class="t m0 x3a h3 y6d ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws19"><span class="fc3 sc0">Princípio</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">er</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ceiro</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Excluído</span></div><div class="t m0 x2d h3 y6d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x3b h3 y6d ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws19"><span class="fc3 sc0">Princípio</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Contradição</span></div><div class="t m0 x3c h3 y6d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y6e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws40"><span class="fc3 sc0">estão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">base</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">estrutura</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lógica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Diferentemente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">co</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rre</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y6f ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws34"><span class="fc3 sc0">com</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">outras</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mo</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dali</span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lógica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">(como</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">as</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">emp</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">regamos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">info</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rmalmente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">no</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y70 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws41"><span class="fc3 sc0">dia</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dia),</span><span class="blank _1a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">avalia</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">veracidade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a\ue61crmação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">matemática,</span><span class="blank _1a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">há</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y71 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws42"><span class="fc3 sc0">outras</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">va</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riaçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ossíve</span><span class="fc3 sc0">is</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">resp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ostas,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">como</span></div><div class="t m0 x29 h3 y71 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws42"><span class="fc3 sc0">mais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ou</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">menos</span></div><div class="t m0 x3d h3 y71 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span></div><div class="t m0 x3e h3 y71 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">dep</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ende</span></div><div class="t m0 x32 h3 y71 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">ou</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y72 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">às</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vezes</span></div><div class="t m0 x3f h3 y72 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x40 he y73 ff16 fs3 fc8 sc0 ls8">+</div><div class="t m0 x14 h3 y73 ff11 fs1 fc8 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Sala</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Aula</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">-</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">A\ue61crmaçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue611Semp</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">re</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">V</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">erdadeiras\ue611</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x41 hf y73 ff17 fs6 fc8 sc0 ls8 ws43"><span class="fc3 sc0">Clique</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ler</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y74 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws44"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">cupa</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rimo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rdialmente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">números</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">espaço.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtant</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y75 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws45"><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">frequentemente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">encontrados</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">(esp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ecialmente</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y76 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws46"><span class="fc3 sc0">na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ensino</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">básico)</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">são</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conj</span><span class="fc3 sc0">u</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">numéricos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue61cguras</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">geo-</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y77 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws47"><span class="fc3 sc0">métricas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">(que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">são</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ontos)</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">derivam</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">destes,</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y78 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">como</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">funçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">matrizes</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">etc.</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y59 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws48"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">onjuntos</span><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">hoje</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">univer</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="fc3 sc0">al</span><span class="fc3 sc0">mente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">adotada</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ap</span><span class="fc3 sc0">resentação</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h5 y22 ffb fs2 fc2 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">3</span></div><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[43,"XYZ",56.693,451.468,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:170.275000px;bottom:472.433000px;width:7.844000px;height:9.834000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[26,"XYZ",141.732,661.107,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:73.256000px;bottom:210.122000px;width:355.568000px;height:14.026000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf6" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="6"><div class="pc pc6 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x15 y0 w4 hb" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/1499a9d9-b8e2-4e5e-bc90-1f4ce94281e0/bg6.png"><div class="t m0 x16 hc y3a fff fs1 fc4 sc0 ls8 ws27"><span class="fc3 sc0">unid</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ades</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">2</span><span class="blank _18"> </span><span class="v1"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Noçã</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">d</span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjunt</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y23 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws49"><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática,</span><span class="blank _1a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ganhou</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">esta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">osição</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rque</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ermite</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conceitos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">às</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y24 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4a"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">osiçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">desta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ciência</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">re</span><span class="fc3 sc0">cisão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">generalidade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">constituem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sua</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ca-</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y25 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsc"><span class="fc3 sc0">racterística</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">básica.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">substituem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">as</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue610p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedades\ue611</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">as</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue610condiçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es\ue611.</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y79 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4b"><span class="fc3 sc0">Assim,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vez</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dizermos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue610o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">objeto</span></div><div class="t m0 x42 h4 y79 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x7 h3 y79 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4b"><span class="fc3 sc0">tem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span></div><div class="t m0 x43 h4 y79 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x44 h3 y79 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4b"><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue611</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ou</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue610objeto</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h4 y7a ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">y</div><div class="t m0 x45 h3 y7a ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4c"><span class="fc3 sc0">satisfaz</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condição</span></div><div class="t m0 x46 h4 y7a ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 x47 h3 y7a ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue611,</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">demos</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">escrever</span></div><div class="t m0 x41 hd y7a ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls16">x<span class="ff14 ls17">\u2208</span><span class="ls8">A</span></div><div class="t m0 x48 h3 y7a ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x49 hd y7a ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls18">y<span class="ff14 ls17">\u2208</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x4a h3 y7a ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4c"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x4b h4 y7a ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x4c h3 y7a ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4c"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y7b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4d"><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">objetos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">têm</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">op</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span></div><div class="t m0 x41 h4 y7b ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x4d h3 y7b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x4e h4 y7b ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x48 h3 y7b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4d"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">objetos</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y7c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">satisfazem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condição</span></div><div class="t m0 x1f h4 y7c ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 x4f h3 y7c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y7d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4e"><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exemplo,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sejam</span></div><div class="t m0 x50 h4 y7d ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x19 h3 y7d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4e"><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">número</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">i</span><span class="fc3 sc0">nt</span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">iro</span></div><div class="t m0 x4a h4 y7d ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x51 h3 y7d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4f"><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">(isto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é,</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y7e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws50"><span class="fc3 sc0">divisível</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">2)</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x52 h4 y7e ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 x53 h3 y7e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws50"><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condiç</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ã</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sob</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">re</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">núm</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ero</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">real</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h4 y7e ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">y</div><div class="t m0 x54 h3 y7e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">exp</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ressa</span><span class="blank _1e"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span></div><div class="t m0 x55 h10 y7e ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls19">y<span class="ff18 fs7 ls1a v2">2</span><span class="ff14 ls1b">\u2212<span class="ff15 ls8">3</span></span><span class="ls1c">y<span class="ff15 ls8 ws51">+2<span class="blank"> </span>=<span class="blank"> </span>0</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x56 h3 y7e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y7f ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">outro</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lado,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sejam</span></div><div class="t m0 x1e hd y80 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff15 ls6">=<span class="ff14 ls8">{<span class="ff13 ws52">.<span class="blank"> </span>.<span class="blank"> </span>.<span class="blank"> </span>,<span class="blank"> </span></span>\u2212<span class="ff15">4</span></span></span><span class="ls1e">,<span class="ff14 ls8">\u2212<span class="ff15">2</span></span><span class="ls1f">,<span class="ff15 ls8">0</span><span class="ls20">,<span class="ff15 ls8">2</span>,<span class="ff15 ls8">4</span>,<span class="ff15 ls8">6<span class="ff13 ws52">,<span class="blank"> </span>.<span class="blank"> </span>.<span class="blank"> </span>.<span class="ff14">}</span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x57 h3 y80 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x58 hd y80 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls21">B<span class="ff15 ls3">=<span class="ff14 ls8">{<span class="ff15">1</span></span></span><span class="ls22">,<span class="ff15 ls8">2<span class="ff14">}</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x51 h3 y80 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y81 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws32"><span class="fc3 sc0">Então,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dizer</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x59 h4 y81 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x46 h3 y81 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws32"><span class="fc3 sc0">tem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span></div><div class="t m0 x26 h4 y81 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x5a h3 y81 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x5b h4 y81 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">y</div><div class="t m0 x5c h3 y81 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws32"><span class="fc3 sc0">satisfaz</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condição</span></div><div class="t m0 x5d h4 y81 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 x5e h3 y81 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws32"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mesmo</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y82 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a\ue61crma</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x52 hd y82 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls23">x<span class="ff14 ls15">\u2208</span><span class="ls8">A</span></div><div class="t m0 x50 h3 y82 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x39 hd y82 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls24">y<span class="ff14 ls15">\u2208</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x5f h3 y82 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y83 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws53"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">esse</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">resp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">eito,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ergunta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fundamental</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entender</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">imp</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtância</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y84 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws54"><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">guinte:</span></div><div class="t m0 x60 h3 y84 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws54"><span class="fc3 sc0">Qual</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vantagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">obtém</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">quando</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y85 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws55"><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">refere</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">di</span><span class="fc3 sc0">z</span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x59 hd y85 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls25">x<span class="ff14 ls26">\u2208</span><span class="ls8">A</span></div><div class="t m0 x61 h3 y85 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x62 hd y85 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls27">y<span class="ff14 ls26">\u2208</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x63 h3 y85 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws56"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vez</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dizer</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x64 h4 y85 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x65 h3 y85 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws55"><span class="fc3 sc0">tem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h4 y86 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x66 h3 y86 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x67 h4 y86 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">y</div><div class="t m0 x68 h3 y86 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">satisfaz</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condi</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ção</span></div><div class="t m0 x19 h4 y86 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 x2d h3 y86 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">?</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y87 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4e"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vantagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">utiliza</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">notação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y88 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws57"><span class="fc3 sc0">estes</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">existe</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">álgeb</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">montada</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sob</span><span class="fc3 sc0">re</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">as</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">op</span><span class="fc3 sc0">eraçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">reunião</span></div><div class="t m0 x5e hd y88 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">(<span class="ff13 ls28">A<span class="ff14 ls29">\u222a</span><span class="ls2a">B</span></span>)</div><div class="t m0 x69 h3 y88 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y89 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">interseção</span></div><div class="t m0 x6a hd y89 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">(<span class="ff13 ls2b">A<span class="ff14 ls2c">\u2229</span><span class="ls2a">B</span></span>)</div><div class="t m0 x6b h3 y89 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws58"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">além</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">relação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">inclusão</span></div><div class="t m0 x3e hd y89 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">(<span class="ff13 ls2d">A<span class="ff14 ls2e">\u2282</span><span class="ls2a">B</span></span>)</div><div class="t m0 x32 h3 y89 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws58"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _12"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">As</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedades</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y8a ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">regras</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">op</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">erató</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ias</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dessa</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">álgeb</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">como</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exemplo,</span></div><div class="t m0 x6c hd y8b ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls2f">A<span class="ff14 ls30">\u2229<span class="ff15 ls8">(</span></span><span class="ls31">B<span class="ff14 ls30">\u222a</span><span class="ls32">C<span class="ff15 ls8 ws51">)<span class="blank"> </span>=<span class="blank"> </span>(</span><span class="ls33">A<span class="ff14 ls34">\u2229</span><span class="ls35">B<span class="ff15 ls36">)<span class="ff14 ls34">\u222a</span><span class="ls8">(</span></span><span class="ls37">A<span class="ff14 ls30">\u2229</span><span class="ls38">C<span class="ff15 ls8">)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4e h3 y8b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x6d hd y8b ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff14 ls39">\u2282</span><span class="ls2f">A<span class="ff14 ls30">\u222a</span><span class="ls8">B</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x6e h3 y8b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y50 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws59"><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">são</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">difíceis</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">manipula</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">rep</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">resentam</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">eno</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rm</span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ganho</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">simplicidade</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y51 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws38"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exatidão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">quando</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">compa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">radas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ao</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">manuseio</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedades</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condiçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es.</span><span class="blank _12"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y52 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws5a"><span class="fc3 sc0">exemplo,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mostra</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">está</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">contido</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">outro</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">q</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ui</span><span class="fc3 sc0">vale</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mostra</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y53 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws5b"><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">iedade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de\ue61cne</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rimeiro</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">implica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue61cne</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">segundo</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y54 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">(</span></div><div class="t m0 x6f hd y54 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls3a">P<span class="ff14 ls3b">\u21d2</span><span class="ls8">Q</span></div><div class="t m0 x1a h3 y54 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws5c"><span class="fc3 sc0">);</span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">aplica</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">antissimétrica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">inclusão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y55 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws5d"><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">demonstra</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">igualdade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">(se</span></div><div class="t m0 x70 hd y55 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls3c">A<span class="ff14 ls3d">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x71 h3 y55 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x72 hd y55 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls3e">B<span class="ff14 ls3d">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">A</span></div><div class="t m0 x73 h3 y55 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws5e"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">então</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h4 y56 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff15 ls3">=</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x74 h3 y56 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws18"><span class="fc3 sc0">)</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">equivale</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dem</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ons</span><span class="fc3 sc0">tr</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">equivalência</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">as</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ondiçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de\ue61cnem</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">(</span></div><div class="t m0 x6f hd y57 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls3f">P<span class="ff14 ls40">\u21d4</span><span class="ls8">Q</span></div><div class="t m0 x75 h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws31"><span class="fc3 sc0">).</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Es</span><span class="fc3 sc0">sa</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">discussão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">será</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ap</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rofundada</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">nas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Seçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1.3,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1.4</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1.5,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seguir</span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y58 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws5f"><span class="fc3 sc0">Existe</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">excep</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">cional</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">intrigante:</span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vazio,</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">designado</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y59 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elo</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">símb</span><span class="fc3 sc0">olo</span></div><div class="t m0 x1e h11 y59 ff19 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">\u2205</div><div class="t m0 x76 h3 y59 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws60"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Ele</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">aceito</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">omo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rque</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">cump</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">re</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">utilíssima</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">função</span></div><div class="t m0 x20 h5 y22 ffb fs2 fc2 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">4</span></div><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[7,"XYZ",56.693,421.31,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:411.469000px;bottom:124.229000px;width:16.946000px;height:13.945000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[14,"XYZ",141.732,610.457,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:433.357000px;bottom:124.229000px;width:16.947000px;height:13.945000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[18,"XYZ",141.732,646.496,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:460.770000px;bottom:124.229000px;width:16.946000px;height:13.945000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf7" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="7"><div class="pc pc7 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x21 y0 w5 hb" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/1499a9d9-b8e2-4e5e-bc90-1f4ce94281e0/bg7.png"><div class="t m0 x22 h3 y3a fff fs1 fc4 sc0 ls8 ws27"><span class="fc3 sc0">unid</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ade</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">2</span></div><div class="t m0 x23 h3 y5a fff fs1 fc4 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y23 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws32"><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">simpli\ue61c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ca</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">as</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">osiçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es,</span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">evitando</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">longa</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tediosa</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">menção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exceç</span><span class="fc3 sc0">õ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es.</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y24 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2a"><span class="fc3 sc0">Qualquer</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">contraditó</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ria</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ve</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de\ue61c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">nir</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vazio.</span><span class="blank _c"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y25 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws61"><span class="fc3 sc0">exemplo,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tem-se</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 hd y25 ff19 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls41">\u2205<span class="ff15 ls42">=<span class="ff14 ls8">{<span class="ff13 ls43">x</span></span><span class="ls44">;<span class="ff13 ls45">x<span class="ff14 ls8">6</span></span><span class="ls46">=<span class="ff13 ls8">x<span class="ff14">}</span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1d h3 y25 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws62"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ou</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seja,</span></div><div class="t m0 x77 h11 y25 ff19 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">\u2205</div><div class="t m0 x3b h3 y25 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws62"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">objetos</span></div><div class="t m0 x49 h4 y25 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x78 h3 y25 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">tais</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y79 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x40 h4 y79 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x79 h3 y79 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4a"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">diferente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">si</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mesmo.</span><span class="blank _5"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Seja</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">qual</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">objeto</span></div><div class="t m0 x7a h4 y79 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x42 h3 y79 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws4a"><span class="fc3 sc0">tem-se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">semp</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">re</span></div><div class="t m0 x7b hd y79 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws63">x<span class="blank"> </span>/<span class="blank _1d"></span><span class="ff14">\u2208</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h11 y7a ff19 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">\u2205</div><div class="t m0 x7c h3 y7a ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws64"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _1a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">muitas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">questõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">matemáticas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">imp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtante</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sab</span><span class="fc3 sc0">er</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">determinado</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y7b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x38 h4 y7b ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">X</div><div class="t m0 x33 h3 y7b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws65"><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vazio.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mostra</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x7d h4 y7b ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">X</div><div class="t m0 x61 h3 y7b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws65"><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vazio,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">deve-se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">simplesmente</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y7c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws66"><span class="fc3 sc0">encontra</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">objeto</span></div><div class="t m0 x7e h4 y7c ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x27 h3 y7c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws66"><span class="fc3 sc0">tal</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x7f hd y7c ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls47">x<span class="ff14 ls48">\u2208</span><span class="ls8">X</span></div><div class="t m0 x50 h3 y7c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws66"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _1f"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Outros</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">curiosos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">são</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y7d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws55"><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">unitá</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ri</span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Dado</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">objeto</span></div><div class="t m0 x59 h4 y7d ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x80 h3 y7d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws47"><span class="fc3 sc0">qualquer,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">unitá</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rio</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">{</span></div><div class="t m0 x81 h4 y7d ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x82 h3 y7d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws55"><span class="fc3 sc0">}</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tem</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y7e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws67"><span class="fc3 sc0">como</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">único</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elemento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">esse</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">objeto</span></div><div class="t m0 x25 h4 y7e ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x83 h3 y7e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws67"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _12"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Estritamente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">falando,</span></div><div class="t m0 x84 h4 y7e ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x5b h3 y7e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x5c hd y7e ff14 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">{<span class="ff13">x</span>}</div><div class="t m0 x70 h3 y7e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws67"><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">são</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y7f ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">mesma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">coisa.</span></div><div class="t m0 x40 he y8c ff16 fs3 fc8 sc0 ls8">+</div><div class="t m0 x14 h3 y8c ff11 fs1 fc8 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Sala</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Aula</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">-</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Cla</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">re</span><span class="fc3 sc0">z</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Rigo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x77 hf y8c ff17 fs6 fc8 sc0 ls8 ws43"><span class="fc3 sc0">Clique</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ler</span></div><div class="t m0 x40 he y8d ff16 fs3 fc8 sc0 ls8">+</div><div class="t m0 x14 h3 y8d ff11 fs1 fc8 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Sala</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Aula</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">-</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">O</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">V</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">azio</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x3b hf y8d ff17 fs6 fc8 sc0 ls8 ws43"><span class="fc3 sc0">Clique</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ler</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y8e ff10 fs3 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws68"><span class="fc3 sc0">1.3</span><span class="blank _19"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Relação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">d</span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Inclusão</span></div><div class="t m0 x55 h3 y8f ffa fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws39"><span class="fc3 sc0">Definiçã</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span></div><div class="t m0 x85 h3 y90 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Sejam</span></div><div class="t m0 x86 h4 y90 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x87 h3 y90 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x88 h4 y90 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x89 h3 y90 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws69"><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elemento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x2a h4 y90 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x8a h3 y90 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws69"><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tamb</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ém</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elemento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h4 y91 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x7c h3 y91 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6a"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">diz-se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x8b h4 y91 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y91 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6a"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span></div><div class="t m0 x8c h3 y91 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">sub</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x83 h3 y91 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h4 y91 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x8d h3 y91 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6a"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x4f h4 y91 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x5f h3 y91 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6a"><span class="fc3 sc0">está</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">contido</span></div><div class="t m0 x5b h3 y91 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span></div><div class="t m0 x3d h4 y91 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x8e h3 y91 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6a"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ou</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x8f h4 y91 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y92 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span></div><div class="t m0 x7c h3 y92 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1a"><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rte</span></div><div class="t m0 x90 h3 y92 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x91 h4 y92 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x92 h3 y92 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">indica</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">este</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fato,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">usa-se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">notação</span></div><div class="t m0 x93 hd y92 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff14 ls39">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x94 h3 y92 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y93 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2e"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">rel</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 hd y93 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls49">A<span class="ff14 ls4a">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x75 h3 y93 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">chama-se</span></div><div class="t m0 x53 h3 y93 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2e"><span class="fc3 sc0">relação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">inclusão</span></div><div class="t m0 x60 h3 y93 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6b"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Quando</span></div><div class="t m0 x4d h4 y93 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x70 h3 y93 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2e"><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y94 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">sub</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x95 h4 y94 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x96 h3 y94 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6c"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">escreve-se</span></div><div class="t m0 x97 hd y94 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff14 ls8 ws6d">6\u2282<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ff13">B</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xe h3 y94 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6e"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Is</span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">signi\ue61cca</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">nem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elemento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h4 y95 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x98 h3 y95 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ertence</span><span class="blank _17"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 x8b h4 y95 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x95 h3 y95 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws67"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ou</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seja,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">existe</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">lo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">menos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">b</span><span class="fc3 sc0">j</span><span class="fc3 sc0">eto</span></div><div class="t m0 x36 h4 y95 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">a</div><div class="t m0 x37 h3 y95 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws67"><span class="fc3 sc0">tal</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x99 hd y95 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls4b">a<span class="ff14 ls4c">\u2208</span><span class="ls8">A</span></div><div class="t m0 x3c h3 y95 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 hd y96 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3f">a<span class="blank"> </span>/<span class="blank _1d"></span><span class="ff14 ls15">\u2208<span class="ff13 ls8">B</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xc h3 y96 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x55 h3 y97 ffa fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws39"><span class="fc3 sc0">Exemplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span></div><div class="t m0 x7c h3 y98 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6f"><span class="fc3 sc0">(a)</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Se</span><span class="fc3 sc0">jam</span></div><div class="t m0 x92 h4 y98 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">T</div><div class="t m0 x9a h3 y98 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1f"><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conj</span><span class="fc3 sc0">un</span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">triângulos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x9b h4 y98 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x77 h3 y98 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1f"><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">onjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">olígonos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">plano.</span></div><div class="t m0 xc h3 y99 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">triângulo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">olígono,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">logo</span></div><div class="t m0 x7d hd y99 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls4d">T<span class="ff14 ls39">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">P</span></div><div class="t m0 x5f h3 y99 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x7c h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6f"><span class="fc3 sc0">(b)</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Se</span><span class="fc3 sc0">jam</span></div><div class="t m0 x92 h4 y57 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x3a h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws70"><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">números</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">res</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x2e h4 y57 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x9c h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws70"><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">múltiplos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 xc h3 y58 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws71"><span class="fc3 sc0">3.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">em-se</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 hd y58 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls4e">A<span class="ff14 ls8 ws72">6\u2282<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ff13">B</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x9d h3 y58 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rque</span></div><div class="t m0 x7f hd y58 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls4f">2<span class="ff14 ls50">\u2208<span class="ff13 ls8">A</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x8d h3 y58 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">mas</span></div><div class="t m0 x2d hd y58 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls51">2<span class="ff13 ls8 ws73">/<span class="blank _1d"></span><span class="ff14 ls50">\u2208<span class="ff13 ls8">B</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2a h3 y58 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">em-se</span><span class="blank _17"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tamb</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ém</span></div><div class="t m0 x81 hd y58 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls52">B<span class="ff14 ls8 ws72">6\u2282<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ff13">A</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xc h3 y59 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ois</span></div><div class="t m0 x91 hd y59 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls53">3<span class="ff14 ls15">\u2208<span class="ff13 ls8">B</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x96 h3 y59 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">mas</span></div><div class="t m0 x8c hd y59 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls54">3<span class="ff13 ls8 ws73">/<span class="blank _1d"></span><span class="ff14 ls15">\u2208<span class="ff13 ls8">A</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x9e h3 y59 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h5 y22 ffb fs2 fc2 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">5</span></div><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[27,"XYZ",56.693,688.819,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:73.256000px;bottom:482.825000px;width:267.080000px;height:14.026000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[28,"XYZ",141.732,688.819,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:73.256000px;bottom:442.809000px;width:280.692000px;height:14.026000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf8" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="8"><div class="pc pc8 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x15 y0 w5 hb" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/1499a9d9-b8e2-4e5e-bc90-1f4ce94281e0/bg8.png"><div class="t m0 x16 hc y3a fff fs1 fc4 sc0 ls8 ws27"><span class="fc3 sc0">unid</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ades</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">2</span><span class="blank _18"> </span><span class="v1"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Rela</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">çã</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Inclusã</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x9f he y9a ff16 fs3 fc9 sc0 ls8">+</div><div class="t m0 x9d h3 y9a ff11 fs1 fc9 sc0 ls8 ws18"><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Sab</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">er</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Mais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">-</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Relação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Elemento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ertencer</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y9b ff11 fs1 fc9 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Inclusão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x30 hf y9b ff17 fs6 fc9 sc0 ls8 ws43"><span class="fc3 sc0">Clique</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ler</span></div><div class="t m0 x7c h3 y9c ffa fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws39"><span class="fc3 sc0">Exemplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">2</span></div><div class="t m0 x67 h3 y9d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws74"><span class="fc3 sc0">Em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Geometria,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">reta,</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">plano</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">espaço</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">são</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos.</span><span class="blank _16"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Seus</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ele-</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y9e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">mentos</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">são</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ontos.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y9f ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws75"><span class="fc3 sc0">Quando</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dize</span><span class="fc3 sc0">mos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">reta</span></div><div class="t m0 xa0 h4 y9f ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">r</div><div class="t m0 x93 h3 y9f ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws75"><span class="fc3 sc0">está</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">no</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">plano</span></div><div class="t m0 xa1 h4 y9f ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">\u03a0</div><div class="t m0 x81 h3 y9f ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws75"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">estamos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a\ue61crmando</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h4 ya0 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">r</div><div class="t m0 xa2 h3 ya0 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws5"><span class="fc3 sc0">está</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">contida</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span></div><div class="t m0 xa3 h4 ya0 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">\u03a0</div><div class="t m0 x59 h3 ya0 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws5"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ou</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">equivalentemente,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 xa4 h4 ya0 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">r</div><div class="t m0 x3e h3 ya0 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws5"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sub</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x73 h4 ya0 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">\u03a0</div><div class="t m0 xa5 h3 ya0 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ois</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 ya1 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ontos</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ertencem</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 x2a h4 ya1 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">r</div><div class="t m0 xa6 h3 ya1 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ertencem</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tamb</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ém</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 x64 h4 ya1 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">\u03a0</div><div class="t m0 x3c h3 ya1 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 ya2 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws22"><span class="fc3 sc0">Neste</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">caso,</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">deve-se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">escrever</span></div><div class="t m0 xa7 hd ya2 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls55">r<span class="ff14 ls56">\u2282<span class="ff15 ls8">\u03a0</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xa8 h3 ya2 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws76"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _c"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ré</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m,</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">co</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rreto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dizer</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x69 h4 ya2 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">r</div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 ya3 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ertence</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 xa9 h4 ya3 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">\u03a0</div><div class="t m0 xaa h3 ya3 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws61"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">n</span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">escr</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ever</span></div><div class="t m0 x2d hd ya3 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls57">r<span class="ff14 ls58">\u2208<span class="ff15 ls8">\u03a0</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2a h3 ya3 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws77"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _1a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elementos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x22 h4 ya3 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">\u03a0</div><div class="t m0 xab h3 ya3 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws77"><span class="fc3 sc0">são</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ontos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 ya4 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">retas.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 ya5 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws78"><span class="fc3 sc0">Há</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">duas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">inclusõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">extremas.</span><span class="blank _20"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rimeira</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">obvia:</span><span class="blank _16"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 xac h4 ya5 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x56 h3 ya5 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 ya6 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">vale</span></div><div class="t m0 x7e hd ya6 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls59">A<span class="ff14 ls5a">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">A</span></div><div class="t m0 xaa h3 ya6 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3"><span class="fc3 sc0">(p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ois</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">la</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ro</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elemento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h4 ya6 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 xa1 h3 ya6 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ertence</span><span class="blank _17"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 x22 h4 ya6 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 xad h3 ya6 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3"><span class="fc3 sc0">).</span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">outra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é,</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 ya7 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws79"><span class="fc3 sc0">no</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mínimo,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">curiosa:</span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tem-se</span></div><div class="t m0 x4f hd ya7 ff19 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls5b">\u2205<span class="ff14 ls5c">\u2282<span class="ff13 ls8">A</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xa6 h3 ya7 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws79"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seja</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">qual</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x72 h4 ya7 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x44 h3 ya7 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws79"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _1b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Com</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">efe</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ito,</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 ya8 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws7a"><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">qu</span><span class="fc3 sc0">i</span><span class="fc3 sc0">séss</span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">mos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mostra</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x4f hd ya8 ff19 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls5d">\u2205<span class="ff14 ls8 ws7b">6\u2282<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ff13">A</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xa6 h3 ya8 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws7a"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">teríamos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">obter</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">objeto</span></div><div class="t m0 xae h4 ya8 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 xaf h3 ya8 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws7a"><span class="fc3 sc0">tal</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 hd ya9 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls5e">x<span class="ff14 ls5f">\u2208<span class="ff19 ls8">\u2205</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x34 h3 ya9 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">mas</span></div><div class="t m0 x97 hd ya9 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws7c">x<span class="blank"> </span>/<span class="blank _1d"></span><span class="ff14 ls5f">\u2208<span class="ff13 ls8">A</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb0 h3 ya9 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws7d"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Como</span></div><div class="t m0 xb1 hd ya9 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls5e">x<span class="ff14 ls60">\u2208<span class="ff19 ls8">\u2205</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xa0 h3 ya9 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws7e"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">imp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ossíve</span><span class="fc3 sc0">l,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">somos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">levados</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">concluir</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 hd yaa ff19 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls61">\u2205<span class="ff14 ls39">\u2282<span class="ff13 ls8">A</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x74 h3 yaa ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ou</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seja,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vazio</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sub</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">qualquer</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">outro.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 yab ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws33"><span class="fc3 sc0">Diz-se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x76 h4 yab ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 xb2 h3 yab ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws33"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span></div><div class="t m0 x50 h3 yab ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">sub</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank _17"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">róp</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rio</span></div><div class="t m0 x94 h3 yab ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 xa4 h4 yab ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x4e h3 yab ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">quando</span></div><div class="t m0 x32 h4 yab ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 xb3 h3 yab ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws33"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sub</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h4 yac ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x66 h3 yac ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws7f"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">inc</span><span class="fc3 sc0">lusã</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">co</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rresp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">onde</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">nenhum</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">desses</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dois</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">c</span><span class="fc3 sc0">as</span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">extremos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">isto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é,</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 yad ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">quando</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tem</span></div><div class="t m0 xb4 hd yad ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff14 ls39">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x8d h3 yad ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">com</span></div><div class="t m0 x2d hd yad ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls62">A<span class="ff14 ls8">6<span class="ff15 ls6">=</span><span class="ff19">\u2205</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xa6 h3 yad ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x60 hd yad ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff14 ls8">6<span class="ff15 ls3">=</span><span class="ff13">B</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x37 h3 yad ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 yae ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws80"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">relação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">inclusão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">trê</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedades</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fundamentais.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Dados</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">quaisquer</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 yaf ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 xb5 h4 yaf ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 xa9 h3 yaf ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span></div><div class="t m0 x97 h4 yaf ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 xb4 h3 yaf ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x1d h4 yaf ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">C</div><div class="t m0 xb6 h3 yaf ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">tem-se:</span></div><div class="t m0 x45 h3 yb0 ff1a fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">(i)</span></div><div class="t m0 x24 h3 yb0 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">re\ue61dexividade</span></div><div class="t m0 x83 h3 yb0 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">:</span></div><div class="t m0 xb6 hd yb0 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff14 ls39">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">A</span></div><div class="t m0 x1f h3 yb0 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">;</span></div><div class="t m0 x89 h3 yb1 ff1a fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">(ii)</span></div><div class="t m0 x24 h3 yb1 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">antissimetria</span></div><div class="t m0 xa3 h3 yb1 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws21"><span class="fc3 sc0">:</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span></div><div class="t m0 x8d hd yb1 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff14 ls39">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 xb7 h3 yb1 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 xb8 hd yb1 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls21">B<span class="ff14 ls61">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">A</span></div><div class="t m0 xb9 h3 yb1 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">então</span></div><div class="t m0 xba h4 yb1 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff15 ls6">=</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x6d h3 yb1 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">;</span></div><div class="t m0 x6f h3 yb2 ff1a fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">(iii)</span></div><div class="t m0 x24 h3 yb2 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">transitividade</span></div><div class="t m0 x6b h3 yb2 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws21"><span class="fc3 sc0">:</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span></div><div class="t m0 xbb hd yb2 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff14 ls61">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x5f h3 yb2 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 xbc hd yb2 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls21">B<span class="ff14 ls39">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">C</span></div><div class="t m0 xbd h3 yb2 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">então</span></div><div class="t m0 x4d hd yb2 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff14 ls61">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">C</span></div><div class="t m0 x49 h3 yb2 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y55 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws81"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">antissimétrica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">constantemente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">usada</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">nos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">racio</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">cínios</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mate-</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y56 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws82"><span class="fc3 sc0">máticos.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Quando</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">deseja</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mostra</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 xbe h4 y56 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x82 h3 y56 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 xbf h4 y56 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x8f h3 y56 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws82"><span class="fc3 sc0">são</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">iguais,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rova-se</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x9f hd y57 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls63">A<span class="ff14 ls64">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x97 h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 xc0 hd y57 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls65">B<span class="ff14 ls64">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">A</span></div><div class="t m0 xc1 h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws37"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ou</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seja,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elemento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x82 h4 y57 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x78 h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ertence</span><span class="blank _17"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 xae h4 y57 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 xc2 h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _17"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y58 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws83"><span class="fc3 sc0">elemento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x1e h4 y58 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x52 h3 y58 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ertence</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 x2d h4 y58 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x3b h3 y58 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws83"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _20"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">realidade,</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">antiss</span><span class="fc3 sc0">i</span><span class="fc3 sc0">métrica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y59 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws84"><span class="fc3 sc0">relação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">inclusão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">contém,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">nela</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="fc3 sc0">mbutida,</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condição</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">igualdade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span></div><div class="t m0 x20 h5 y22 ffb fs2 fc2 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">6</span></div><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[33,"XYZ",56.693,688.819,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:158.295000px;bottom:640.845000px;width:367.111000px;height:14.026000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[33,"XYZ",56.693,688.819,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:140.736000px;bottom:623.897000px;width:135.823000px;height:12.644000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf9" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="9"><div class="pc pc9 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y0 w4 hb" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/1499a9d9-b8e2-4e5e-bc90-1f4ce94281e0/bg9.png"><div class="t m0 x22 h3 y3a fff fs1 fc4 sc0 ls8 ws27"><span class="fc3 sc0">unid</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ade</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">2</span></div><div class="t m0 x23 h3 y5a fff fs1 fc4 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y23 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws85"><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos:</span><span class="blank _1b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 x1c h4 y23 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x6a h3 y23 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 xc3 h4 y23 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 xb4 h3 y23 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws85"><span class="fc3 sc0">são</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">iguais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">somente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se,</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">têm</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mesmos</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y24 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">elementos.</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y25 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws86"><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sua</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vez,</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">transitiva</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">inclusão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">base</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">racio</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">cínio</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y79 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws38"><span class="fc3 sc0">dedutivo,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sob</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">classicamente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">chama</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x93 h3 y79 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">silogismo</span></div><div class="t m0 x5c h3 y79 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws38"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _12"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exemplo</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y7a ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws87"><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">silogismo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">(tipicamente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ristotélico)</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seguinte:</span></div><div class="t m0 x93 h3 y7a ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws87"><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">humano</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y7b ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws46"><span class="fc3 sc0">animal,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">animal</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtal,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">logo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">humano</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtal</span></div><div class="t m0 xc4 h3 y7b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws46"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">l</span><span class="fc3 sc0">inguagem</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y7c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3a"><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos,</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">isso</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seria</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rmulado</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">assim:</span><span class="blank _16"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sejam</span></div><div class="t m0 xb8 h4 y7c ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">H</div><div class="t m0 xc5 h3 y7c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span></div><div class="t m0 x8a h4 y7c ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x7a h3 y7c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 xc6 h4 y7c ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">M</div><div class="t m0 x37 h3 y7c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">resp</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ectivamente</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 y7d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws16"><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seres</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">humanos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">animais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">tais.</span><span class="blank _12"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">emos</span></div><div class="t m0 xc7 hd y7d ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls66">H<span class="ff14 ls67">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">A</span></div><div class="t m0 x3c h3 y7d ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 hd y7e ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff14 ls39">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">M</span></div><div class="t m0 x90 h3 y7e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">logo</span></div><div class="t m0 x8b hd y7e ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls68">H<span class="ff14 ls61">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">M</span></div><div class="t m0 x67 h3 y7e ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">V</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">olta</span><span class="fc3 sc0">remos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">esse</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">assunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">diante</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">(p.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">10).</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y7f ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws84"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">relação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">inclusão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entre</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">está</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">estreitamente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">relacionada</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">co</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 yb3 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws88"><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">im</span><span class="fc3 sc0">plicação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lógica.</span><span class="blank _5"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">V</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ejamos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">como.</span><span class="blank _5"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Sejam</span></div><div class="t m0 x2d h4 yb3 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 xc8 h3 yb3 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x9c h4 yb3 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 xa6 h3 yb3 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws88"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedades</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">aplicáveis</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 yb4 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws89"><span class="fc3 sc0">elementos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 xb5 h4 yb4 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">U</div><div class="t m0 x6c h3 yb4 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws89"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Essa</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedades</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de\ue61cnem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjuntos</span></div><div class="t m0 xc9 h4 yb4 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 xca h3 yb4 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8a"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r-</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 yb5 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8b"><span class="fc3 sc0">mado</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ele</span><span class="fc3 sc0">mentos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x9d h4 yb5 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">U</div><div class="t m0 x6a h3 yb5 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8b"><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">gozam</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 xcb h4 yb5 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x77 h3 yb5 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8c"><span class="fc3 sc0">;</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x3b h4 yb5 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x6 h3 yb5 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8b"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rmado</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">elos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">el</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ementos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h4 yb6 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">U</div><div class="t m0 x98 h3 yb6 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8d"><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">têm</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span></div><div class="t m0 x1c h4 yb6 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 x1a h3 yb6 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8d"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elementos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _21"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ossuem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h4 yb7 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 xcc h3 yb7 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8e"><span class="fc3 sc0">tamb</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ém</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">têm</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">iedade</span></div><div class="t m0 xc0 h4 yb7 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 x52 h3 yb7 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8e"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank _1a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dizemos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span></div><div class="t m0 x5c h4 yb7 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x3e h3 yb7 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">implica</span></div><div class="t m0 x78 h3 yb7 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">(ou</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 yb8 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1a"><span class="fc3 sc0">aca</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rreta</span></div><div class="t m0 x3f h3 yb8 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws69"><span class="fc3 sc0">)</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span></div><div class="t m0 xcd h4 yb8 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 xf h3 yb8 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws69"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">escrevemos</span></div><div class="t m0 x80 hd yb8 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls69">P<span class="ff14 ls40">\u21d2</span><span class="ls8">Q</span></div><div class="t m0 xce h3 yb8 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws69"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Isto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">equivalente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dizer</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 yb9 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">elemento</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ertence</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 xaa h4 yb9 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x7f h3 yb9 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">tamb</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ém</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ertence</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 xa6 h4 yb9 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 xcf h3 yb9 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">isto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 xd0 hd yb9 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff14 ls39">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x78 h3 yb9 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x55 h3 yba ffa fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws39"><span class="fc3 sc0">Exemplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">3</span></div><div class="t m0 x40 h3 ybb ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Seja</span></div><div class="t m0 x38 h4 ybb ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">U</div><div class="t m0 x33 h3 ybb ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws42"><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">quadriláteros</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">convexos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">plano.</span><span class="blank _1a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Designemos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">com</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h4 ybc ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">R</div><div class="t m0 x98 h3 ybc ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsa"><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">quadrilátero</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ter</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seus</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">quatro</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ângulos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">retos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span></div><div class="t m0 x7b h4 ybc ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x3c h3 ybc ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 ybd ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws86"><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rop</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">riedade</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">quadrilátero</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ter</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seus</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lados</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ostos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ralelos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">(isto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é,</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 ybe ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ralelogramo).</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Então</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">demos</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">escrever</span></div><div class="t m0 x47 hd ybe ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls6a">R<span class="ff14 ls6b">\u21d2</span><span class="ls8">P</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h3 ybe ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Neste</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">caso,</span></div><div class="t m0 xd1 h4 ybe ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">A</div><div class="t m0 x4d h3 ybe ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h3 ybf ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">retângulos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h4 ybf ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">B</div><div class="t m0 x45 h3 ybf ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ralelogramos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">logo</span></div><div class="t m0 xa8 hd ybf ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1d">A<span class="ff14 ls39">\u2282</span><span class="ls8">B</span></div><div class="t m0 x3d h3 ybf ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x55 h3 yc0 ffa fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws39"><span class="fc3 sc0">Exemplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">4</span></div><div class="t m0 x40 h3 yc1 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">demos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">escreve</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">implicação</span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h12 yc2 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8f">P<span class="blank _1"></span>ara<span class="blank _a"> </span>to<span class="blank"> </span>do<span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="ff13 ls23">x<span class="ff14 ls15">\u2208</span></span><span class="ff19">R<span class="ff13 ws90">,<span class="blank"> </span>x<span class="ff18 fs7 ls6c v3">2</span></span></span><span class="ls6d">+<span class="ff13 ls6e">x<span class="ff14 ls6f">\u2212</span></span></span><span class="ws51">1<span class="blank"> </span>=<span class="blank"> </span>0<span class="blank _16"> </span><span class="ff14 ls70">\u21d2<span class="ff13 ls71">x<span class="ff18 fs7 ls6c v3">3</span></span><span class="ls72">\u2212</span></span>2<span class="ff13 ls73">x</span><span class="ws91">+<span class="blank _1e"> </span>1<span class="blank"> </span>=<span class="blank"> </span>0<span class="ff13">.</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 yc3 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">Ela</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">signi\ue61cca</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">raiz</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">equação</span></div><div class="t m0 x7d h10 yc3 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls71">x<span class="ff18 fs7 ls6c v2">2</span><span class="ff15 ls74">+</span><span class="ls75">x<span class="ff14 ls72">\u2212<span class="ff15 ls76 ws92">1=0<span class="blank _22"></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xa8 h3 yc3 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tamb</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">raiz</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 xaa h12 yc4 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls71">x<span class="ff18 fs7 ls6c v3">3</span><span class="ff14 ls72">\u2212<span class="ff15 ls8">2</span></span><span class="ls73">x<span class="ff15 ls8 ws91">+<span class="blank _1e"> </span>1<span class="blank"> </span>=<span class="blank"> </span>0<span class="ff13">.</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws93"><span class="fc3 sc0">Há</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">diferentes</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">maneiras</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ler</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">relação</span></div><div class="t m0 x2d hd y57 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls69">P<span class="ff14 ls40">\u21d2</span><span class="ls8">Q</span></div><div class="t m0 x63 h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de-se</span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dizer</span></div><div class="t m0 x70 h4 y57 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x81 h3 y57 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">implica</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h4 y58 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 x7c h3 y58 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span></div><div class="t m0 xd2 h3 y58 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span></div><div class="t m0 xc h4 y58 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x14 h3 y58 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">então</span></div><div class="t m0 xd3 h4 y58 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 xd4 h3 y58 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span></div><div class="t m0 x96 h4 y58 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x2f h3 y58 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws94"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condição</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">su\ue61cciente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span></div><div class="t m0 x62 h4 y58 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 xb7 h3 y58 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span></div><div class="t m0 xd5 h4 y58 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 xd6 h3 y58 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws94"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condição</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">necessá</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ria</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h4 y59 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x98 h3 y59 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">ou</span></div><div class="t m0 xc h4 y59 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x14 h3 y59 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">somente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span></div><div class="t m0 x2f h4 y59 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 x7e h3 y59 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h5 y22 ffb fs2 fc2 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">7</span></div><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[11,"XYZ",56.693,145.061,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:391.666000px;bottom:534.200000px;width:13.695000px;height:13.945000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pfa" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="a"><div class="pc pca w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x15 y0 w6 hb" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/1499a9d9-b8e2-4e5e-bc90-1f4ce94281e0/bga.png"><div class="t m0 x16 hc y3a fff fs1 fc4 sc0 ls8 ws27"><span class="fc3 sc0">unid</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ades</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">2</span><span class="blank _18"> </span><span class="v1"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Rela</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">çã</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Inclusã</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y23 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws80"><span class="fc3 sc0">Assim,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">relação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Exemplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">3</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exp</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ressa</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dive</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rsa</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">mas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">equiva-</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y24 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">lentes:</span></div><div class="t m0 x34 h3 y24 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws20"><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">etângulo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">implica</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ralelogramo</span></div><div class="t m0 x5c h3 y24 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span></div><div class="t m0 x3d h3 y24 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span></div><div class="t m0 xd0 h4 y24 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x99 h3 y24 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6a"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">retângulo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">então</span></div><div class="t m0 x4c h4 y24 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">x</div><div class="t m0 x69 h3 y24 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y25 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws75"><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ralelog</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ramo</span></div><div class="t m0 x83 h3 y25 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span></div><div class="t m0 xe h3 y25 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws75"><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">retângulo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condição</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">su\ue61cciente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ralelogramo</span></div><div class="t m0 x56 h3 y25 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y79 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws44"><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ralel</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ogramo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condição</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">necessá</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ria</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">retângulo</span></div><div class="t m0 x7b h3 y79 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 wsf"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ou,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue61cnalmente,</span></div><div class="t m0 xd7 h3 y79 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y7a ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">retângulo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ralelogramo</span></div><div class="t m0 x3b h3 y7a ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y7b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3"><span class="fc3 sc0">A</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">comp</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">reensão</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="fc3 sc0">i</span><span class="fc3 sc0">gni\ue61ccados</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">termo</span></div><div class="t m0 x5c h3 y7b ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1a"><span class="fc3 sc0">necessá</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rio</span></div><div class="t m0 x7b h3 y7b ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3"><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">te</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rmo</span></div><div class="t m0 xae h3 y7b ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">su\ue61cciente</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y7c ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemáti</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ca</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">funda</span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ental</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">imp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rtância.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">implicação:</span></div><div class="t m0 xa0 hd yc5 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls69">P<span class="ff14 ls40">\u21d2</span><span class="ls8">Q</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 yc6 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws67"><span class="fc3 sc0">dizemos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condição</span></div><div class="t m0 x7d h4 yc6 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x61 h3 yc6 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span></div><div class="t m0 x62 h3 yc6 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">su\ue61cciente</span></div><div class="t m0 xb9 h3 yc6 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws95"><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condição</span></div><div class="t m0 xd8 h4 yc6 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 x64 h3 yc6 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws95"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ou,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">equi-</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 yc7 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">valente,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condição</span></div><div class="t m0 x47 h4 yc7 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">Q</div><div class="t m0 x77 h3 yc7 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span></div><div class="t m0 x4f h3 yc7 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1a"><span class="fc3 sc0">necessá</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ria</span></div><div class="t m0 xd9 h3 yc7 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condição</span></div><div class="t m0 xca h4 yc7 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">P</div><div class="t m0 x64 h3 yc7 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 yc8 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws96"><span class="fc3 sc0">Não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">incomum</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">confundir</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">esses</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">signi</span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue61ccados.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">termos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue610necessá</span><span class="fc3 sc0">rio\ue611</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue610su\ue61c-</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 yc9 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1e"><span class="fc3 sc0">ciente\ue611</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Matemática</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">têm</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">signi\ue61ccados</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">esp</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ecí\ue61ccos,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _21"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">diferir</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">da</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rma</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 yca ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws97"><span class="fc3 sc0">como</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">entendemos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">linguagem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">cotidiana.</span><span class="blank _1b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Isto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">constituir</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 ycb ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws98"><span class="fc3 sc0">obstáculo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ap</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rendizagem.</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Entender</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">signi\ue61cca</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue610su\ue61cciente\ue611</span><span class="blank _1a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _21"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 ycc ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws99"><span class="fc3 sc0">relativamente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fácil,</span><span class="blank _1a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">vez</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">este</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">termo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sinônimo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">\ue610bastante\ue611.</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 ycd ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws2c"><span class="fc3 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _3"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">alve</span><span class="fc3 sc0">z</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">isso</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">tenha</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ver</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">com</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fato</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">qu</span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condição</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">su\ue61cciente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">geralmente</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 yce ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws11"><span class="fc3 sc0">mais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rte</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conc</span><span class="fc3 sc0">lusã</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">se</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">quer</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">chega</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r.</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">outro</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lado,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">uma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">condi-</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 ycf ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws9a"><span class="fc3 sc0">ção</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">necessá</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ria</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">geral</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mais</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fraca</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conclusão.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Observe</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">atentamente</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 yd0 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exemplo</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">seguir.</span></div><div class="t m0 x7c h3 yd1 ffa fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws39"><span class="fc3 sc0">Exemplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">5</span></div><div class="t m0 x67 h3 yd2 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws95"><span class="fc3 sc0">Sab</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">emos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">númer</span><span class="fc3 sc0">os</span></div><div class="t m0 xda hd yd2 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls77">n<span class="ff14 ls78">\u2208<span class="ff19 ls8">Z</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xd0 h3 yd2 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws95"><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">são</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">múltiplos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x4b h4 yd2 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">4</div><div class="t m0 xdb h3 yd2 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">está</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 yd3 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws9b"><span class="fc3 sc0">contido</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">no</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">conjunto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">dos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">números</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">res.</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Isto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">múltiplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x6e h4 yd3 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">4</div><div class="t m0 x5e h3 yd3 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws9b"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r.</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 yd4 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws81"><span class="fc3 sc0">outro</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lado,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">nem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">to</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">do</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">m</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ú</span><span class="fc3 sc0">l</span><span class="fc3 sc0">tiplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 xd9 h4 yd4 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">4</div><div class="t m0 xdc h3 yd4 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws3c"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">demos</span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exp</span><span class="fc3 sc0">ressa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">essas</span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a\ue61cr</span><span class="fc3 sc0">maçõ</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 yd5 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">na</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">implicaçõ</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">es</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lógicas:</span></div><div class="t m0 x24 h4 yd6 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">n</div><div class="t m0 x75 h3 yd6 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws20"><span class="fc3 sc0">múltiplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">d</span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x1b hd yd6 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls79">4<span class="ff14 ls7a">\u21d2<span class="ff13 ls8">n</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xdd h3 yd6 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws9c"><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">e</span></div><div class="t m0 x37 h4 yd6 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">n</div><div class="t m0 x31 h3 yd6 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws1a"><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span></div><div class="t m0 xa1 hd yd6 ff14 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws9d">6\u21d2<span class="blank"> </span><span class="ff13">n</span></div><div class="t m0 x64 h3 yd6 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">múltiplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 xde h4 yd6 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">4</div><div class="t m0 xaf h3 yd6 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y52 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6c"><span class="fc3 sc0">Em</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">outras</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">palavras,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">número</span></div><div class="t m0 x41 h4 y52 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">n</div><div class="t m0 xa4 h3 y52 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6c"><span class="fc3 sc0">seja</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span></div><div class="t m0 xca h3 y52 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws6c"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">su\ue61cciente</span></div><div class="t m0 x5e h3 y52 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">que</span></div><div class="t m0 x4b h4 y52 ff13 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">n</div><div class="t m0 xdf h3 y52 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">seja</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y53 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws55"><span class="fc3 sc0">múltiplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 xe0 h4 y53 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">4</div><div class="t m0 x1e h3 y53 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws47"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span><span class="blank _b"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Ou,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">equivalente,</span></div><div class="t m0 x23 h3 y53 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">basta</span></div><div class="t m0 x3d h3 y53 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws47"><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">múltiplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 xe1 h4 y53 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">4</div><div class="t m0 xab h3 y53 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws47"><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r.</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y54 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws7e"><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">outro</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">lado,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">um</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">número</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">sem</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">múltiplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x72 h4 y54 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">4</div><div class="t m0 x51 h3 y54 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws7e"><span class="fc3 sc0">,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">isto</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é,</span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y55 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws9e"><span class="fc3 sc0">necessá</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rio</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">múltiplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x19 h4 y55 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">4</div><div class="t m0 x2d h3 y55 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws9e"><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r.</span><span class="blank _2"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">Assim,</span></div><div class="t m0 xb h3 y55 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws9e"><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">múltiplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x44 h4 y55 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">4</div><div class="t m0 xe2 h3 y55 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws9e"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">su\ue61cciente,</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y56 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">mas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">necessá</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rio</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span></div><div class="t m0 x5f h3 y56 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h3 y57 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws9f"><span class="fc3 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">demos</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ainda</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">exp</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ressa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">esta</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">a\ue61crmação</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">outra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">fo</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rma</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">equivalente:</span></div><div class="t m0 xc2 h3 y57 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws9f"><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">r</span></div><div class="t m0 x17 h3 y58 ff12 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8 ws8"><span class="fc3 sc0">é</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">nece</span><span class="fc3 sc0">s</span><span class="fc3 sc0">sá</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">rio,</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">mas</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">não</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">su\ue61cciente</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">pa</span><span class="blank _1"></span><span class="fc3 sc0">ra</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">ser</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">múltiplo</span><span class="blank"> </span><span class="fc3 sc0">de</span></div><div class="t m0 x58 h4 y58 ff15 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8">4</div><div class="t m0 xc9 h3 y58 ff11 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x20 h5 y22 ffb fs2 fc2 sc0 ls8"><span class="fc3 sc0">8</span></div><a class="l" data-dest-detail="[9,"XYZ",56.693,388.091,null]"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:300.271000px;bottom:673.543000px;width:7.844000px;height:13.032000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div>
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