Prepositions of place and modal verbs

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Prepositions of place: 'in', 'on', 'at'
Grammar explanation
We can use the prepositions in, on and at to say where things are. They go before nouns.
I am in the kitchen.
My dog likes sleeping on the sofa.
The children eat lunch at school.
in
· We use in to talk about a place that is inside a bigger space, such as a box, a house, a city or a country.
The clothes are in the wardrobe.
The children are playing in the park.
There's a bookshop in the shopping centre.
My grandmother was born in Sweden.
· We also use in with other physical locations such as:
in the world
in water / the sea / a river / a lake / a pool
in the mountains / the countryside / a valley / the forest
in a car / a taxi
on
· We use on to talk about location on a surface.
The books are on the desk.
We live on the fifth floor.
There are pictures on the wall.
She likes to sit on the floor.
· We also use on for some types of public transport.
He's on the bus now.
You can't make phone calls on a plane.
They go to school on the train.
· We also use on for lines (including rivers, borders, streets, etc.) and islands.
London is on the River Thames.
The Pyrenees are on the border of Spain and France.
There's a market on James Street.
I'd love to live on the Isle of Wight.
at 
· We use at in many common phrases, especially when we are talking about a place for a specific activity.
I'm at work.
She's working at home today.
The children are at school.
See you at the train station!
They're at the supermarket.
I met him at a party.
· We also use at for addresses or exact positions.
I live at 15 Craig Street.
She's sitting at a desk.
He's waiting at the entrance.
Please sit at the back of the room.
Exercises:
1. The wine is in the bottle.
2. Pass me the dictionary, it's on the bookshelf.
3. Jennifer is at work.
4. Berlin is in Germany.
5. You have something on your face.
6. Turn left at the traffic lights.
7. She was listening to classical music on the radio.
8. He has a house on the river.
9. The answer is at the bottom of the page.
10. Julie will be on the plane now.
11. There are a lot of magnets on the fridge.
12. She lives in London.
13. John is in a taxi. He's coming.
14. I'll meet you at the airport.
15. She stood at the window and looked out.
16. The cat is in the house somewhere.
17. Why are you calling so late? I'm already in bed.
18. I waited for Lucy at the station.
19. There was a picture of flowers on her T-shirt.
20. She has a house in Japan.
Modal verbs:
Modals are different from normal verbs:
1: They don't use an 's' for the third person singular.
2: They make questions by inversion ('she can go' becomes 'can she go?').
3: They are followed directly by the infinitive of another verb (without 'to').
Probability
First, they can be used when we want to say how sure we are that something happened / is happening / will happen. We often call these 'modals of deduction' or 'speculation' or 'certainty' or 'probability'. For example:
· It's snowing, so it must be very cold outside.
· I don't know where John is. He could have missed the train.
· This bill can't be right. $200 for two cups of coffee!
Ability
We use 'can' and 'could' to talk about a skill or ability. For example:
· She can speak six languages.
· My grandfather could play golf very well.
· I can't drive.
Obligation and Advice
We can use verbs such as 'must' or 'should' to say when something is necessary or unnecessary, or to give advice. For example:
· Children must do their homework.
· We have to wear a uniform at work.
· You should stop smoking.
Permission
We can use verbs such as 'can', 'could' and 'may' to ask for and give permission. We also use modal verbs to say something is not allowed. For example:
· Could I leave early today, please?
· You may not use the car tonight.
· Can we swim in the lake?
Habits
We can use 'will' and 'would' to talk about habits or things we usually do, or did in the past. For example:
· When I lived in Italy, we would often eat in the restaurant next to my flat.