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Cambridge
Exam
Preparation
COMPLETE
FIRST
Student’s Book
without answers
Guy Brook-Hart,
Alice Copello,
Lucy Passmore
and Jishan Uddin
Kills
8CAMBRIDGE Official
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COMPLETE
FIRST
Student's Book
without answers
f l u id ed i t i on
Guy Brook-Hart,
Alice Copello,
Lucy Passmore
and |ishan Uddm
Cambridge University Press
www.cambridge.org/elt
Cambridge Assessment English
www.cambridgeenglish.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781108903349
© Cambridge University Press and Cambridge Assessment English 2021
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception
and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,
no reproduction of any part may take place without the written
permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published 2008
Second edition 2014
Third edition 2021
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in ‘country’ by ‘printer’
A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-1-108-90334-9 Student’s Book without answers
The publishers have no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy
of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication,
and do not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain,
accurate or appropriate. Information regarding prices,travel timetables, and other
factual information given in this work is correct at the time of first printing but
the publishers do not guarantee the accuracy of such information thereafter.
• •.v.ViVtSH
Contents
Map of the units
Introduction
B2 First content and overview
4
6
7
1 A family affair
2 Leisure and pleasure
Vocabulary and grammar review Units l a n d2
3 Happy holidays?
4 Food, glorious food
Vocabulary and grammar review Units 3 and 4
5 Study time
6 Good job!
Vocabulary and grammar review Units 5 and 6
7 High adventure
8 Dream of the stars
Vocabulary and grammar review Units 7 and 8
9 The power of the mind
10 Spend, spend, spend
Vocabulary and grammar review Units 9 and 10
11 Medical matters
12 Animal kingdom
Vocabulary and grammar review Units11 and12
13 House space
14 Fiesta!
Vocabulary and grammar review Units13 and 14
8
18
28
30
40
50
52
62
72
74
84
94
96
106
116
118
128
138
140
150
160
Grammar reference
Phrasal verb builder
Writing bank
Speaking bank
162
189
192
204
Map of the units
| Reading and Use of English [ WritingUnit title Listening
A family affair Part 6:‘A seat at the table’
Part 2:‘The housework gap’
Part 1: An essay: Technology has a largely positive impact on
families. Do you agree?
Expressingopinions
Using although,however, despite, that being said andwhereas
Part 1:People talking about
friends and family
Leisure and
pleasure
Part 5:‘View from the top’
Part 4:Keyword transformation
Part 2: An article: A great way to spend your free time
Writing compound sentences
Part 2:A talk by a vlogger
Vocabulary and grammar review Units1 and 2
Happy holidays? Part 3:‘Danger ahead’
Part 7: ‘It was great, but ...’
Part 2: A report: A one-day excursion to a localplace of
interest
Structuring a report
Part 3:Five people talking about
a holiday they’ve been on
Food, glorious food Part 6:‘What are you printing for
dinner?’
Part 1:‘A cafe with a difference’
Part 2:A review: A restaurant, cafe or snack bar
Using descriptive adjectives
Part 4: An interview with
someone who runs a catering
business
Vocabulary and grammar review Units 3 and 4
Study time Part 7: ‘At university abroad’
Part 3:‘Mobile phones in the
classroom’
Part 1: An essay: All young people should study a foreign
language as part of their education. Do you agree?
Writing opening paragraphs
Part 1:Peopletalking about
studying and education
Part 5:‘Chasing a storm’
Part 2:‘Volunteers wanted’
Part 2:A letter or email:Describing jobs students do inyour
country
Commonly misspelt words
Good job! Part 3:Five people talking about
their jobs in tourism
Vocabulary and grammar review Units 5 and 6
High adventure Part 6:‘Looking for something
different? Try a Tough Mudder’
Part 4:Key word transformation
Part 2:An article: A great way to keep fit
Structuring an article
Part 2:A talk about scuba diving
Part 4:A radio interview with
someone who went wing
walking
Dream of the stars Part 7:‘What sort of films are you
into?’
Part 1:‘The rise of thebedroom
producer’
Part 1: An essay: Being a famous film star has both
advantages and disadvantages.Do you agree?
Writing a balanced essay
Part 2:A talk by a celebrity chef
Vocabulary and grammar review Units 7 and 8
Part 5:‘The secret of happiness’
Part 4:Key word transformation
Part 2: A report: The benefits of improving classrooms and
students’ social activities
Making recommendations and suggestions
The power of the
mind
Part 1:Peopletalking about
different aspects of psychology
Spend, spend
spend
Part 2:‘A new way to shop’
Part 5:‘A journey of self-discovery’
Part 2: A review: A place where people have a good time
Building complex sentences
Part 4:An interview with some-
one who runs their own fashion
magazine
Vocabulary and grammar review Units 9 and10
Medical matters Part 6:‘#VerifyHealthcare’
Part 3:‘How would you react?’
Part 1: An essay: Modern lifestyles can seriously endanger
our health. Do you agree?
Writing concludingparagraphs
Part 3:Five people talking about
their job as a doctor
Animal kingdom Part 1:‘Aoshima: Japan’s cat
island’
Part 7: ‘Surviving an animal attack’
Part 2: A letter or email:Advice to a visitor to your country
Giving advice
Part 1:People talking about
animals in different situations
Vocabulary and grammar review Units 11 and 12
Part 5:‘My new home in Venice,
1733’
Part 2:‘Livingin a tiny home’
Part 2:An article: My ideal home
Planning a piece of writing
Part 2:A talk by someone who
attended a conference about
smart homes
House space
Fiesta! Part 6:‘Keeping festivals clean
and green’
Part 3:‘My neighbourhood street
party’
Part 1:An essay: Is it better to listen to live or recorded
music? Is it better to watch films at thecinema or at home?
it, this , that and they for reference
Part 4:An interview with a
comedian14
Vocabulary and grammar review Units13 and14
.\v.%%%y
Pronunciation | VocabularySpeaking Grammar
Parti: Talkingaboutyourself,your friends and
your family
Giving extended answers
Word stress: Stress in words
with two or more syllables
Phrasal verbs to describe relationships
Collocations withmake and do
Present perfect simple and
continuous
Part 2: Describing the benefits of different
free-time activities
Using discourse markers to structure answers
Sentence stress (1):Stress
on words carrying the most
meaning
Phrasal verbs and expressions to talk
about skills and hobbies
Making comparisons
Adjectives with -ed and - ing
Part 3: Discussing thebenefits of different kinds
of trips
Phrases to involve partners in a discussion
Strategies for dealing with the second section of
Part 3
Intonation (1): Indicating
that you have finished
speaking, or have more to
travel, journey,trip and way
Forming adjectives and adverbs with
suffixes
Past simple, past continuous
and used to
at, in and on in time phrases
Past perfect simple and
continuous
say
Part 4: Discussing diet, food and health
Supporting opinions with reasons and examples
Grouping words and paus-
ing (1)
food, dish and meal
Adjectives to describe restaurants
so and such
too and enough
Parti: Talkingabout studying
Giving reasons and offering several possible ideas
Syllable stress:Shifting
word stress
Phrasal verbs connected with education
and study
find out, get to know,know, learn, teach,
study, attend, join, take part , assist
Zero, first and second
conditionals
Part 2:Describing different kinds of work
Describing similarities and differences when
comparing
work or job; possibility,occasion or
opportunity; fun or funny
Collocations with/ob and work
Countable and uncountable
nouns
Articles
Sentence stress (2):
Contrastivetries to act confidently even when she’s
about things.
6 I wouldn't have criticised you if I had known how
.you were!
7 Helen is very young, but she behaves in a
and responsible way.
, so she’s bound to
3 Of course I’m annoyed. I
preparing for this party and no one
(turn up) yet.
(spend) agesthat you can never trust
(have) a really interesting
(tell) us about his
trip round the world.There are a few countries he
(not tell) us about,but I get
(see) almost
4 Wefeeling very
time.Gavin
still
the impression he
everything!
8 We’re all feeling rather
because he’s been looking rather
depressed recently.
about Luis, .. (lose) weight recently because
(get) more exercise.
5 Kate
she
6 I wonder if Irina
book yet.I
7 Tatiana is so greedy! She...
cakes and she
(finish) readingthat
(wait) to read it for ages.
(eat) all the
(not leave) any for us.
(look) very tired recently. I think
(study) too hard.8 Paolo
it ’s because he
v.v«55.•.v.v.v.j
«fi| Vocabulary and
grammar review
For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so
that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word
given. You must use between two and five words,
including the word given.
1 This motorbike is not as noisy as my previous one.
MADE
My previous
Vocabulary
Complete these sentences by writing a phrasal verb or
expressions from the Vocabulary section on page 21in the
correct form in the gaps.
1 Miguel is keen to try new things and just
challenges even if he hasn’t had any experience in them.
2 The football club recently signed a new player who it is hoped
will achieve great things. She simply
terms of everything required to be the next global star.
new
this one.
in
2 Small towns are safer than large cities.
NOT
Small towns
3 Paula could have represented her country in any number
becoming an elite as large cities.
3 No one in the team plays better than Gemma.
PLAYER
Gemma
of sports but she finally
tennis player.
4 Climbing may seem like an individual hobby,but usually there
are others you need to be able to
sure you stay safe and to help you if you get into difficulty.
5 People who become world champions are usually hugely
gifted but at some point they have had a
which changed everything for them.
to make
in the team.
4 She looks more relaxed than she did before
the exam.
STRESSED
She doesn’t look
theexam.
6 As a child,Mo a photo of his dad playing
cricket as a young adult.From that moment on,he decided he
wanted to follow in his footsteps.
7 Dennis
to beat him in five sets.
she did before
5 Tatiana does not speak nearly as clearly as Irina.
MUCH
Irina speaks
6 None of the other sofas in the shop are as
comfortable as this one.
ANY
This sofa is
the shop.
the reigningchampion but managed
8 Li was leadingthe race with one lap to go, but unfortunately
steam and
Tatiana.
with the finishing line in sight he
was overtaken.
9 Until her new coach
best years were a thing of the past.
10 Sarah fell halfway through the race and wasn’t sure for a
moment if she could
, she had thought her
the others in
Word formationGrammar
Use the word given in capitals at the end of each
sentence to form a word that fits in the gap.
1 What an
they’d be that good. AMAZE
2 They found the journey so
that they fell asleep as soon as they arrived.
EXHAUST
3 It’s a
know what to do about it. PUZZLE
Join these sentences to form compound and complex
sentences. More than one answer may be possible.
1 Katya took up karate. She was seven years old.She was
interested in karate.
2 Her father is a professional karate instructor.He taught her
karate.She progressed quickly.
3 She did karate with other children. The other children were
the same age as her.None of them was as good as her. She
felt dissatisfied.
4 Last year, she participated in the national championship. She
did notwin. She was injured duringone of the matches.
5 She hopes to become a professional karate instructor. She
hopes to work in the same sports centre as her father.Her
father has too many students.
6 Some of her father’s students have been studying karate for
several years.Her father thinks they would benefit from a
different teacher.They are too familiar with his style of karate.
band! I never expected
problem- I don’t really
4 Jake felt with his exam results.
He had hoped to do better.DISAPPOINT
5 You can’t expect children to work hard if they
don’t feel
6 We were
shouted at us. ASTONISH
MOTIVATE
by the way they
^ Look at the photos. Answer the questions in pairs using
words and phrases from the table.
1 Have you ever been on one of these types of holiday?
What did you do and where did you stay?
2 What might the people in the pictures do on these
holidays and where might they stay?
3 Why would someone choose to go on each of these
types of holiday?
4 Which type of holiday would you enjoy most? Which
would you enjoy least? Why?
Work in pairs. Complete the table with the words and
phrases in the box.
backpacking a beach holiday a cabin
a city break couch-surfing a cruise
going sightseeing a hotel a hostel
meeting new people relaxing a ski trip
sunbathing taking selfies by landmarks
a tour of a country trying local delicacies
holiday
accommodationtypes of holiday holiday activities
Listening Part 3
•In Listening Part 3, you listen to five different speakers
talking about a related subject. You must match each
speaker with one of eight statements A-H. There are
three extra statements you don’t need.
• You will hear each speaker twice.
•This part tests your ability to understand
a variety of things, including the general
idea being expressed, details, attitudes,
opinions or purpose.
You will hear five short extracts in which people
are talking about a holiday they’ve been on.
Before you listen, underline the main idea in each
statement A-H.
A I had a sad experience during the holiday.
B The variety of activities made the holiday special.
C The holiday was better than I’d expected.
D It wasn’t my first time on this type of holiday.
E I was disappointed that the trip had to end.
F I saw everything I wanted to see.
G Being unable to visit a place ruined my holiday.
H I regret choosingthe cheapest travel option.
Now listen to the extracts. For questions 1-5,
choose from the list (A-H) in Exercise 1what each
speaker says about their holiday. Use the letters
only once. There are three extra letters which you
do not need to use.
Speaker1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Work in groups.
1 Speaker 1uses the phrase off the beaten track.
What do you think this means?
2 Why would someone want to visit places off the
beaten track?
3 Make a list of three or four places in your town or
city that tourists might like to visit which are off
the beaten track. Share them with your group.
Choose the correct option in italics.
1 When he walked / was walking home,he found a wallet
with a huge amount of money in it!
2 When I was at school, I was spending / used to spend all
my free time in the library.
3 As soon as Mandy was getting / got Simon’s text,she was
jumping / jumped on her bike and was riding / rode round to
his house to speak to him.
4 When I was younger,we used to visit / were visiting our
grandparents every weekend.
5 Luckily,we walked / were walking past a shopping centre
when the storm began / was beginning.
6 My mum used to visit / was visiting lots of exotic places
when she was / was being a tour guide.
Work in pairs. Tell each other a story using the sentence
frame below. It can be true or invented. Ask each other
questions to guess if the story is true or invented.
One day I was ...
when suddenly ...!
Speaker 4
Speaker 5
When I ...I used to
/OKe* IM-s l tistA to 30 OK KOIUA^ to One. AAQ
lMS fahiK zuMuty l sAfa A fcMt in tki seal It Ms
vtAlljj tkwt but noboM^ belieoeM mt .
Students often make spelling mistakes when adding -ed to
past tense verbs. Match the verb types with the past simple
spelling rule A-D.
1 Verbs with one syllable ending with consonant +
consonant, {ask,work )
2 Verbsending with -e. ( bake, live)
3 Verbs with one syllable ending with vowel + consonant.
(skip, step)
4 Verbs with two or more syllablesending with vowel +
consonant, (disappear,offer )
5 Verbs with two or more syllables ending with vowel +
consonant and stressed on the final syllable.
(admit, regret )
6 Verbs ending with consonant + y. (deny, rely )
7 Verbs ending with vowel + y. (annoy,stay)
A add -d.
B double the final consonant and add -ed.
C add -ed.
D remove the y and add -/'ed.
Write the past simple form of the verbs in the box. One of the
words breaks the rule above in British English, but follows it
in American English. Do you know which one?
Grammar
Past simple, past continuous and used to
Page 165 Grammar reference
Past simple,past continuous and used to
Complete these extracts from Listening Part 3 with
the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Then
listen and check your answers.
1 One day, we
our old neighbourhood when we
(start) to get a strange feeling that we’d been
there before.
(check out) a cafe in
2 When I was a kid, my family
(travel) to Ireland by ferry.
develop enjoy happen like mention occur
open plan prefer stop study travel try
Happy holidays?
0 Complete the sentences with an adjective from the box.
More than one answer may be possible.
Vocabulary
travelJourney, trip and way
a(n) homeward / outward / hard / dangerous journey
a business / sightseeing / shopping / day /
round / successful trip
a(n) outward / pleasant / safe / extended /
overnight journey/trip
^ Exam candidates often confuse the nouns travel,
journey, trip and way. Look at the sentences from
Listening Part 3 and complete the definitions below
with travel , journey, trip or way.
• I had no experience of international travel, so it was
an incredible opportunity.
• I always dreaded the journey because I used to get
terribly seasick.
• I was fortunate enough to go on a wide variety of
holidays, from ski trips in the winter to beach holidays
in the summer.
• I felt pretty low when it was all over and I was on my
way back home, though.
&
1 I hope you have a(n)
2 I’m going on a(n)
where we're openinga new office.
3 The
the homeward one.
journey.
trip to Zurich,
journey wasn’t nearly as hard as
4 They’ve gone on a(n)
they’ll come home with lots of new clothes.
5 When we were in New York we took a(n)
trip to Boston. We didn’t stay long
enough to visit everything, so I think we’ll go back at
some point.
6 The
trip,so I guess
A (1) is a journey in which you visit a
place fora short time and come back again.
’ refers only to the route that you
take to get from one place to another.
The noun ‘(3)
means the activity of travelling.
‘(2) journey back from New York was
quite pleasant. We took off at 10 p.m.and landed at
7 a.m. I slept the whole way.’ is a general word which
Complete the questions with travel, trip or way. Then ask
and answer the questions with a partner..* to talk about travelling from
one place to another in general, and in reference to
distances.
Choose the correct option in italics.
(•) 1 She met plenty of interesting people during her
weekend travel / trip to Montreal.
2 We stopped at the supermarket on the way / trip to the
beach to pick up some cold drinks.
3 My mum and dad have booked a journey / trip to
Greece for their holiday this August.
4 We had a successful meeting but the long journey /
way to the client ’s office was tiring
5 People spend far more on foreign travel / journeys than
they did 50 years ago.
6 The travel / journey to my village will take about three
hours.
7 ‘Have a good travel / trip to Budapest!’ ‘Thanks! See
you next week when I get back!’
8 I couldn’t cycle to school when I was a kid because the
journey / way was over 20 kilometres.
9 Excuse me,I’m a bit lost. Can you tell me the best
journey / way to the bus station?
Use ‘(4)
blogs before
visitinga place for the first time? Why / Why not?
2 Have you ever been on a sightseeing
Where did you go?
3 How do you usually pass the time when you’re on your
to school or work?
4 Some people think that business
no longer be necessary because people will use video
conference technology instead. Do you agree?
Look at the photos. Why do people travel in these ways?
Use the phrases in Exercise 3 to help you.
1 Do you usually read
?
will
L
\
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at
the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits
in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the
beginning (0).
Reading and Use of English Part 3
• In Reading and Use of English Part 3, you read a text of
150-160 words with eight gaps and one example (0).
You must write the correct form of the word given in
CAPITALS at the end of the line in each gap.
•This part tests your knowledge of vocabulary and your
ability to form words by adding prefixes
and suffixes and making other changes. In
the test, the words will be a mix of nouns,
adjectives, adverbs and verbs.
Form adjectives from these nouns and verbs by adding a
suffix. Use a dictionary to help you. Once considered to be one of the most
(o)
world, the Yungas Road in Bolivia isn't
one for those with a fear of
roads in the DANGER
noun (n) or verb (v) adjective
(D .With its uneven
terrain, frequent landslides and cliffs
with drops of around 610 metres,it
would make even the most experienced
driver feel (2)
fact, it was said to have claimed the
lives of around 300 people per year,
earning it the nickname "Death Road".
HIGH
nature (n)1
adventure (n)2
COMFORT. In
friend (n)3
memory (n)4
That, however,was not enough to
people from(3) COURAGE
mystery (n)5 using the road. Before an
ALTERNATE(4) route was built
risk (n + v)6 in the late 2000s, it was the only way for
people to go back and forth between
the capital city La Paz and the town of
Coroico. The road was unique in that
drove on the
left-hand side in order to better judge
the distance between the cliff-edge and
their outer wheel, something that
would have
caused their passengers much stress
and anxiety.
Nowadays, the condition of the road
has improved (7)
and fatalities are far less frequent. It has
even become a popular tourist
for cyclists,who
come to test their skills out on the
rough terrain.
crowd (n + v)7
(5) MOTORthrill (n + v)8
doubt (n + v)9
DOUBT(6)
10 success (n)
11 remark (n + v)
DRAMA
12 access (n + v)
(8)Form as many adjectives and adverbs as you can think
of in two minutes, using the nouns and verbs in the box.
Use suffixes and prefixes to make positive and negative
forms. In some cases, more than one answer may be
possible. When you have finished, use a dictionary to
check your answers.
ATTRACT
o Work in pairs.
Student A: You would really like to go cycling along the
Yungas Road.Convince your partner that it’s
a good idea.
Student B: You really don’t want to go cycling along the
Yungas Road.Convince your partnerthat it ’s
a bad idea.
artist caution colour educate emotion
energy mass predict reason respond
storm thought wealth
Happy holidays?
Grammar Reading and Use of English Part 7
at, in and on in time phrases
•In Reading and Use of English Part 7, you will
read either one long text divided into four to
six sections, or four to six separate short texts.
•The total length will be 500- 600 words.
•There are ten questions which you must match
with the different texts or sections.
•This part tests your ability to
understand specific information,
detail and opinion.
Page 166 Grammar reference
of,in and on in time phrases
Complete the sentences from Listening Part 3 with at , in
or on.
1 When I was eighteen,my friends and I decided to go
skiing
2 We sunbathed in the morning,ate a big lunch,
went sightseeing in the afternoon and got back
11p.m. every day.
3 I felt pretty low when it was all over and I was
my way back, though.
Bulgaria.
Work in groups. You are going to read about four
people who encountered a problem during a
holiday. Before you read,discuss some problems
that people might have on holiday.
Read questions1-10 carefully and identify the key
words in each question.
Which person
1 travelled partly for the sake of someone else?
2 chose a holiday in order to have a new
experience?
3 didn’t mind a mistake they made?
4 had some issues with transport?
5 regretted a decision they made earlier in
the holiday?
6 provided assistance during an emergency?
7 was let down by their physical abilities?
8 expected to do more of an activity?
9 visited a location for the second time?
10 found that technology was unreliable in their
location?
For questions 1-10, choose from the four people
(A-D). The people may be chosen more than once.
Work in pairs.
• Which traveller do you think had the worst
experience? Why?
• What ’s the worst holiday experience you’ve had?
o Exam candidates often make mistakes with at, in and on
in time phrases. Find and correct the mistakes in these
sentences. Some of the sentences are correct.&
1 I would like to travel on July because it is the perfect
time to go to the camp.
2 In weekends, he only stays at home on Sunday on the
afternoon, because in the mornings he goes to watch
the football.
3 In the UK,most shops open in 9.00 a.m.
4 I would advise you to come in the summer because
the weather is great and there are many beautiful
beaches.
5 She graduated from Cambridge University at 2019.
6 I prefer shopping on weekdays unless I am busy or
have an appointment.
7 The traffic makes us nervous,particularly in certain
times of the day when it ’s rush hour.
8 In atypical day in the summer,we’d usually go to the
beach at the morning and then a restaurant at the
evening.
Complete these Speaking Part 1and 4 exam questions
with the correct preposition. Then discuss the questions
with a partner.
1 Do you prefer beingactive or relaxing
your free time? Why?
2 What do you enjoy doing
weekend?
the
3 Some people believe that all shops should be closed
Sundays. Do you agree? Why/Why
not?
what month would you advise
people to come and visit your town or city? Why?
5 What are some of your favourite memories from life
the 2010s?
4
The trip was great, but
% When I was younger, my husband and I used to take it
easy on holiday. First the children were too young to
do much, and then all too soon they reached an age
when they much preferred spending time on their own,
without us. So, once they’d all gone to university, we
opted for a week’s hiking in the Alps- just the two of
us -as this was something I’d always wanted to try.
One day we were walking up a mountain. We were
almost at the top, when we saw another couple further
up the path who clearly needed help. The man had
badly sprained his ankle. They’d been trying to call for
help but there was no signal up there, and his partner
didn’t want to leave him alone while she looked for help.
We quickly hiked back down to the town and called
an ambulance for him. They had to pick him up in a
helicopter! Poor man.
B
My trip to Paris was a bit disappointing. Not only did
we get soaked most days we were there, I also didn’t
get to speak much French at all. I’d been learning the
language via an app I’d downloaded in preparation for
the holiday, but as it turned out, I actually had no need
for it. Everyone in Paris spoke pretty decent English
and would reply in English even when I tried to speak
French to them. I don’t really know whether that’s
because they wanted to practise, or because my French
was so bad! In fairness, maybe it was for the best,
considering that the only time I did order in French, I
got a strawberry ice cream instead of the raspberry one
I thought I’d ordered. Oh well, it was still very tasty.
c Patrick -Mongolia
^ I’d been planning this trip forever, mainly because
I needed some time alone, which, make no mistake,
is pretty easy to come by in Mongolia. At the airport,
I rented out a battered old jeep that had done about
300,000 kilometres. I was offered a guide, which I
politely turned down, as I had my satellite navigation
system to help me in case of emergency. Three days
into my drive through the steppe, I came across the
most magnificent mountain and decided to give rock
climbing a go. I was struggling to catch my breath at
times and after a few hours of climbing I realised I just
didn’t have the strength for it. That’s when I stopped
and saw a snake looking up at me like I was breakfast.
I expected him to attack but, fortunately, he just stared
me down and I manage to escape unharmed. I realised
having a guide would have been better after all!
I When my wife and I decided to have a baby, we
^ promised ourselves that we wouldn’t stop travelling. We
want our son to be well-travelled and to see the world
with us before he becomes a teenager and doesn’t want
anything to do with us anymore! So when he turned
one, we went to Rome, the very place my wife and I
had been to on our honeymoon. We had a wonderful
holiday relaxing, eating good food and making fantastic
memories. The good times came to an end when we got
to the airport on the way back and found out that our
flight had been cancelled. We had to wait six hours for
the next one and our baby really needed some sleep.
When we got home, he’d been crying for so long that
he fell asleep straight away. Lucky, I suppose, as we
needed to get some rest before work the next day!
Happy holidays?
Complete the sentences with the past perfect simple or
past perfect continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
Grammar
Past perfect simple and continuous
1 The storm damaged the house where she
(live) since she left school.
(walk) up the mountain for about
three hours when suddenly it began to rain.
(already finish) the work when she
Page 166 Grammar reference
Past perfect simple and continuous
Look at the extract from Reading and Use of English
Part 7 and answer the questions.
VJe were almost at the top, when wesaw another couple
further up the path who clearly needed help. The man had
badly sprained his ankle.
1 Which of these actions happened first?
a They saw another couple.
b The man sprained his ankle.
2 Which verb form is used to indicate that something
happened before something else in the past?
3 Compare the extract above with the one below. What
does the sentence below suggest about when the man
got injured?
We saw another couple further up the path. The man
badly sprained his ankle.
Work in pairs. Find seven other examples of the past
perfect in the Reading and Use of English Part 7 texts.
Why is the past perfect used in each case, i.e. what is the
event or situation in the past simple?
Complete the sentences with the past simple or past
perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
2 We
3 I
offered to help me.
(only speak) for 30 seconds when he4 I
interrupted me with a question.
5 I was tired and dirty when I got home because I
(walk) in the country all afternoon.
Exam candidates often make mistakes with the past
perfect simple and continuous. Correct the mistakes in
these sentences.
1 I couldn't believe he have done such a thing.
2 The cat was hungry when I returned because I forgot
to feed her in the morning.
3 He didn’t go to London before and he found it really
exciting.
4 On one of my birthdays,my father had bought me a
bicycle becauseI always wanted one.
5 She was 19 years old and she just finished school two
weeks earlier.
6 I was tired because I have been cleaning the house the
whole day.
&
1 Although we
before,we were still feeling hungry.
2 I didn’t know my way around the city because I
(never be) there before.
(eat) lunch only an hour
3 When I
allowed into the country because I
(lose) my passport.
4 The party,which Rick
organising months earlier,was a great success.
(arrive) in Nairobi, I wasn’t
(start)
(recognise) her from the5 I
photograph,although I
to her before.
(never speak)
6 He helped to raise money to repair homes which the
hurricane
Look at sentences a and b and answer the questions.
a The good times came to an end when we found out
that our flight had been cancelled.
b When we got home he’d been crying for so longthat he
fell asleep straight away.
(damage).
You see this notice on an English-speaking travel
website.
1 Which sentence focuses on the length of time spent
doing something?
2 Is the underlined verb in the past perfect simple or
past perfect continuous?
Reviews wanted
Your best ever holiday
We want to hear about the best holiday you’ve ever
been on. Tell us where you went, what you did there
and why you enjoyed it so much.
Speaking Part 3 •In Speaking Part 3, you and the other candidate
must discuss a situation or problem together and
reach a decision.
•The examiner gives you a page with a task
consisting of a question and five different word
prompts.
• You have 15 seconds to think about the task and
then you have two minutes to discuss your ideas.
•The examiner then asks you another question
(which is not written down) so that you can
summarise your thoughts. You will have
one minute to do this.
•This part tests your ability to interact by
exchanging ideas, discussing opinions,
suggesting, agreeing, disagreeing, etc.
Page 209 Speaking bank
Speaking Part 3
Work in pairs. Read the examiner’s instructions and
look at the task. Which phrases in the box below could
you use to talk about each option?
“ I’d like you to imagine that your college has won
first prize in a competition - a trip for all the students.
Here are some ideas for trips that students could do
and a question for you to discuss. Talk to each other
about how these different trips could benefit the
students."
A city
sightseeing
tour
A visit to
a museum or
art gallery Listen to two exam candidates, Miguel and Antonia,
beginning this task. What benefits do they mention
for three of the options?
In Speaking Part 3, it’s important for exam
candidates to react to each other’s ideas and
suggestions. You can do this by asking each other
questions. Complete the students’ questions with
a word or phrase from the box. Then listen again to
check your answers.
How could
each of these
trips benefit
students?
A weekend
carnpingtrip in
the mountains
A visit to a
theme park
about that don’t you shall think
this one what about
A beach
activity day
we start with ?1
2 How do you
might be good for students?
a sightseeingtour
become more self-confident this sort of activity holiday in the3
mountains?
4 Yes,and they learn to be more independent
because they’re away from home and their
families,
5 And the beach activity day: what
become more independent
learn to work in a team
think?
cope in another language
be educational ?
make a change from their everyday lives
get a real thrill
have new experiences
appreciate other cultures
learn teamwork
learn to cope with tough conditions
get away from their daily routine
Happy holidays?
Work in pairs. Look at the examiner’s instruction for the
second part of the task and the list of strategies (1- 6)
below. Then:
• decide together which strategies would be good
for this part of the task. Write Y (yes) or N (no) next to
each strategy.
• give reasons for your answers.
/P/ Pronunciation: intonation (1)
You can indicate that you have finished speaking,or
that you have more to say, by makingyour voice rise
or fall. This is called intonation. A falling intonation
shows that you have finished speaking, while a rising
intonation often indicates that you have more to say.
The speaker’s voice falls or rises most on words which
are stressed.
Listen to these extracts from the conversation.
Decide if the speaker’s voice rises or falls on the
underlined words.
1 How do you think a sightseeing tour might be
good for students?
2 I think you can learn a lot about architecture and
history and things like that.
3 Yes,and also you can visit somewhere very
different and learn about other cultures.
4 What about this sort of activity holiday in the
mountains?
5 I think it can give young people exciting
experiences and adventures, things they don’t get
in their everyday lives.
^ Work in pairs. Take turns to read sentences
1-5 aloud.
Write two sentences of your own, explaining the
benefits of two of the options in the speaking task.
Decide which words you should stress and whether
your voice should rise or fall on the stressed words.
When you are ready, work in pairs and
• take turns to read your sentences aloud
• react to what your partner says with your
own ideas.
“Now you have a minute to decide which trip the
school should choose."
ai
1 Talk about each of the options in turn again.
2 Suggest which option you would choose, say why,and
ask your partner if he/she agrees.
3 Agree with the first option your partner suggests.
4 Disagree with the first option your partner suggests,
say why you disagree, then suggest another option
and say why.
5 Agree with the first option your partner suggests,but
then suggest an alternative and say why.
6 Disagree with everything your partner says in order to
make the discussion longer.
Listen to two pairs of exam candidates, Miguel and
Antonia, and Irene and Nikolai, doing this part of the
task. Which of the strategies from Exercise 6 (1- 6) does
each speaker use?
• Miguel
• Irene and Nikolai
Match the phrases (1-7) with their function (a-e). Some
functions can be matched with more than one phrase.
1 In my opinion,the best choice is ... because ...
2 I think we should choose ... because ...
3 What do you think?
4 Yes,I think you’re right,but ... because ...
5 You might be right,but I think we should also consider
...because ...
6 I think ... is a better option because ...
7 I think your suggestion would be fine if ..., but ...
a suggest an option and say why
b ask your partner if they agree
c disagree with a suggestion and say why
d suggest a different option
e agree with a suggestion, but suggest a different option
and say why
^ Now work in pairs and do the second part of the task
using phrases from Exercise 8.
Antonia
Work in pairs. Do the first part of the task.
• Ask each other the questions from (Speaking)
Exercise 3.
• Talk about each of the options from the speaking task
in turn.Take two minutes to do this.
• Try to use the words and phrases from the box in
(Speaking) Exercise1.
Writing Part 2: A report Excursion to London
Page 198 Writing bank
A report
Purposes of trip
On 2nd April, our class (1) took / was taking a break
from normal lessons and (2) has gone / went on
a day trip to London. The purpose of our visit
(3) was / had been to ride on the London Eye in the
morning and then do a tour of the Globe Theatre,
which was made to replace the building that (4)
has been / had been Shakespeare's theatre, in the
afternoon.
• When writing a report for Writing Part 2:
- you should give it a title.
- you can divide it into sections and give each section
a heading (the first and last sections could be
Introduction and Conclusion).
- make suggestions and recommendations (if
required by the task).
- make sure that you answer all parts of the task.
This writing question tests your ability to
organise and express information and
make recommendations or suggestions.
What we did
We (5) rode / were riding for about half an hour on
the London Eye, which is a giant wheel. Fortunately,
the weather was good, so we (6) were / have been
able to see views across the whole of London. After
lunch and a walk along the South Bank, we
(7) took / have taken a guided tour of Shakespeare’s
Globe Theatre, where the guide explained how
the theatre (8) was operating / had operated in
Shakespeare's time and how the theatre works
nowadays.
A report is a factual description of events or a situation.
Read this writing task and underline the things you
must deal with in your report.
• the words you must use to start your report
• the two elements you must include in your report
• where the report will appear, so that you know who is
goingto read it.
Comments
The excursion (9) was / has been excellent because
the two activities (10) were / had been extremely
interesting and very different, so everyone
(11) enjoyed / had enjoyed something. Also, we(12) learnt / have leamt a lot. The day was well
planned, and we (13) had / have had plenty of
opportunities to practise our English outside the
classroom, which I think the class (14) found / was
finding very motivating.
You recently made a one-day excursion with your class
to a local place of interest. Now the director of your
college has asked you to write a report about it for
senior teachers to read.You should explain what you
did and say why you think the day was a success.
Write your report.
Read the report again and answer the questions.
1 Does the report have a title?
2 How many sections does the report have? How do we
know what each section is about?
3 How many purposes of the excursion does Sandra
mention?
4 What reasons does Sandra give for the day being a
success?
Work in pairs. Write a plan for the writing task in
Exercise 1. Decide:
• what title you will give the report
• how many sections you need
• what section headings you want to use
• what each section will contain.
Write your report. Use Sandra’s report in Exercise 3 as a
model. You should write between 140-190 words.
Work in pairs. Discuss the questions about the writing
task, then decide which ideas you would like to include
in your answer.
• Where did you go, and what was the purpose of the
excursion? (You may have to invent these details: the
excursion could be a visit to a theatre or museum,
a day in the country, a visit to a sporting event, or
somethingelse.)
• When did you go,and what did you do and/or see?
• What reasons can you think of to explain why the day
was a success?
Sandra is studying English near London. Read her report
and choose the correct options in italics.
Happy holidays?
It looks and feels like meat. In fact it is meat, although
it’s never been near a living, breathing animal. Instead,
it’s grown from stem cells in a laboratory. It will
replace meat from farm animals in your diet.
sssssssout a chocolate biscuit or a beef burger in seconds.
Many companies have started to look underwater in
the quest for alternative food sources. These green-
coloured aquatic organisms are said to be high in
Omega-3, which helps to reduce the risk of heart-
related illnesses. Expect it to be flying off the shelves
of a supermarket near you in the not too distant future.
4 I Genetic modification already exists in some of the food we
consume. However, by using the gene-editingt00' CR SPR/
CAS-9 scientists are now able to develop this even further.
From preventing apples from going off to producing peaches
that don’t bruise, it could pave the way for extending
perishable goods way beyond their current shelf-life.
While some cultures have been consuming these small
creatures for centuries, it might not be long before the
whole world is tucking into a delicious maggot salad or
grasshopper pasta. High in protein, they require far less
water to produce than farmed meat, meaning that they’re
not just good for our health, but the environment, too.
Look at the photos. Do you know what these kinds of food
are? Match the photos A-E with the words in the box.
algae artificial beef 3D-printed food
GM foods insects
Match the descriptions 1-5 with the words in Exercise 1.
Work in groups. Discuss the questions.
• Which foods in Exercises 1and 2 would you be happy
to try?
• Which would you absolutely refuse to try?
• Which foods do you think are the most helpful for
addressingenvironmental problems? Why?
• Do you think there are any disadvantages or risks with
any of these foods?
Reading and Use of English Part 6
•Read the text carefully before you look at the gaps, so
you know what each paragraph is about.
•Look at the words on either side of the gap and make
sure the sentence you choose makes sense.
• Identify words and phrases in the sentences
which refer to something in the article, such
as it, this, them, etc. to help you.
^ You are going to read an article about 3D-printed food.
Before you read, write three things you would like to
know about 3D-printed food.
Now read the article quickly, ignoring the gaps. Try to
find answers to the points you wrote in Exercise 1.
Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (1-6).
There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.
A Crucially, manufacturers need to ensure that their 3D
printers are compatible with current regulations and
guidelines.
E Months and months of research,not to mention hard
work,had all been leading up to what was about to come
out of a small, needle-like component known as the
‘hot end’.B One of the benefits of producing food in this way is that
it helps in the battle against food poverty and starvation F It was an intriguingconcept and one that was clearly
around the world. geared towards current consumer trends.
C At first glance, it was very difficult to tell.
D This, as it turned out, had been the intention all along.
G In actual fact, it is a phenomenon that’s driving one of
the biggest revolutions in food production today.
What are you printing for dinner?
Stephen Wood is given a tour of Nutrition X, a cutting-edge food manufacturing plant, to see how
advances in technology will affect food production.
in front of your eyes.’ [__4
question that remained, however,
was just how ready people were for
this kind of technology. Would this
outweigh the satisfaction of preparing
a meal yourself , and would the food
have the same taste?
The
To answer the latter, I was invited into
what Vanessa called the sampling
room to find out how 3D-printed food
compared to ‘normal’ food. In front
of me were two versions of the same
dish, pumpkin gnocchi. I was asked to
note down which was which. _5
Both were very colourful and even
had the same fork markings on them.
I then tasted both and wrote down
my answer on the card provided and
handed it to Vanessa. She simply
smiled and said, ‘Just make sure you
inform your readers that you couldn’t
tell the difference.’
pproaching the building,
it wasn’t exactly what I’d
envisaged such a high-tech
food manufacturing plant to look
like. The building's facade, with its
old-fashioned brickwork and endless
streams of smoke pouring out of the
industrial pipes, was like something
out of the 19th century. _1
wanted to pay tribute to the iconic
manufacturing plants of the past,’
explained Vanessa Stephenson, head
of communications and my tour guide
for the day.
Our first port of call was the
laboratory. Inside, a team of scientists
and software developers were huddled
around a device so ordinary-looking
it could have been mistaken for an
old television. Apparently, I had
arrived at just the right time. 2
The result would hopefully be a
small cake, complete with icing and
decorations. Within minutes, sounds
of applause filled the room- mission
accomplished, I thought. Now all that
was left was to bake it.
A
You’d be forgiven for thinking that
3D-printed food was pure fantasy,
dreamt up by science fiction writers.
However, much of the
technology was originally developed
for space travel, helping astronauts to
prepare meals quickly at the touch of a
button, so it’s perhaps no surprise that
people have such vivid images of it.
Nowadays, private companies, like
Nutrition X, are taking advantage of
open-source technology and finding
new ways to appeal to the mass
market. ‘Imagine coming home after
a long day in the office,’ Vanessa
explained, ‘and with the simple touch
of a button, a gourmet meal appearing
‘We 3
The last stop on my tour was a small
presentation on food safety. 6
It isn't as simple as just inserting
the ingredients as you run the risk
of contaminating your food with the
toxic chemicals present in some of the
machines. If done correctly, however,
the possibilities are endless. It may not
be long before you are sitting down to
a delicious meal where the chef is
a computer.
Food, glorious food
Vocabulary
food, dish and meal
Complete the collocations with food, dish or meal.
In one case, more than one answeris correct.
1 a
2 fast- / organic / convenience
3 a(n) elaborate / simple
o Exam candidates often confuse food, dish and meal .
Complete these sentences from Reading and Use of
English Part 6 by writing one of the words in the correct
form in the gaps.
1 Much of the technology was originally developed
for space travel,helping astronauts to prepare
quickly at the touch of a button.
2 In front of me were two versions of the same
, pumpkin gnocchi.
3 It isn’t as simple as just inserting ingredients as you run
with
the toxic chemicals present in some of the machines.
Correct the mistake in each sentence.
(•) 1 I’m quite surprised, but I’m really enjoyingEnglish
meal. [ooA
2 Moussaka is one of the most delicious meals you can
eat in my country.
3 This beef food is really tasty, isn’t it?
4 The meal in my country is delicious.
5 Too many people eat meals straight from the fridge,
which is not always very healthy.
6 When I visit you,I could cook a food that is from my
country.
7 The cost of your holiday includes two dishes a day:
breakfast and dinner.
&
source / supply / shortage
or
4 a balanced / filling / light / heavy
Q Complete the questions with meal,dish or food or
a collocation from Exercise 3. in some cases, more
than one answer may be possible.
1 What’s your favourite type of
2 What
when you’re out at a restaurant?
3 Do you enjoy eating fast-
why not?
4 How often do you buy
5 Do you prefer cooking
dishes?
6 Do you think that 3D-printed food will help
prevent food
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in
Exercise 4.
the risk of contaminating your
?
do you normally order
? Why /
food?
or simple
?
Grammar
so and such
Page 167 Grammar reference
so and such
Complete the sentences from Reading and
Use of English Part 6 with so, such or such a.
1 Approaching the building, it wasn’t exactly
high-
tech food manufacturing plant to look like.
2 Inside,a team of scientists and software
developers were huddled around a device
ordinary-looking it could
have been mistake for an old television.
3 However, much of the technology was
originally developed for space travel,
helping astronauts to prepare meals
quickly at the touch of a button,so it’s
perhaps no surprise that people have
vivid images of it.
Complete the sentences with so, such or
such a(n ) .
1 I always enjoy visiting his house because
he makes .
2 There was
on the table that we didn’t know where to
start.
3 I don’t think eating a pizza at your place is
good idea.
4 It’s difficult not to cook good food when
the ingredients are
5 She’s got
most people find her rather dull.
scary film that 1
couldn’t get to sleep when I went to bed.
what I’d envisaged
For questions 1- 6, complete the second sentence so that it has a
similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not
change the word given. You must use between two and five words,
including the word given.
lovely food.
much food
1 This is the best meal I’ve ever eaten.
GOOD
I have meal before.fresh.
little to say that 2 She spoke too quickly for us to understand.
THAT
She spoke
understand her.
6 It was
could not
o Exam candidates often make mistakes with
so and such. Some of these sentences are
correct. Find and correctthe mistakes.
1 I’ll remember the meal for a longtime
because it was such delicious.
2 I can’t study in a so much a noisy place.
3 It was such fun for all of us to be together.
4 They’re so nice, talkative, funny people.
5 I’m glad to see you after so long time.
6 It’s difficult to get by on such a little
money.
7 It’s a pity that there were so few spectators
at the football match.
8 There aren’t many places in this town
where you can listen to so good music.
3 He was given a good grade because he gave an excellent answer
to the question.
ANSWERED
&
that he was given aHe
good grade.
4 We all felt hungry because the organisers didn’t give us
enough food.
LITTLE
The organisers provided us
that everyone felt hungry.
5 It was the most enjoyable party she had ever been to.
FUN
She had never a party.
6 It’s hard to sleep with such noisy neighbours.
NOISE
The neighbours
hard to sleep.
that it is
Food, glorious food
Listening Part 4
•In Listening Part 4, you listen to an interview or a conversation
and answer seven questions by choosing A, B or C.
• You hear the recording twice.
•This part tests your ability to understand main ideas,
details, opinions, attitudes and specific information.
Work in pairs. You will hear an interview with a woman called
Alina who runs a catering business. Before you listen, discuss
these questions.
• Do you know anyone who works in the food industry?
• Would you like to be a chef or run your own catering business?
Why / Why not?
Quickly read the questions 1-7 and underline the main idea in
each one. Do not read options A-C yet.
1 Why did Alina start her business after moving from London?
A She and her husband needed to earn more money to
support their children.
B The costs of starting a business were lower in her
new hometown.
C There was great interest in international food where
she went.
Listen to the interview. For questions 1-7,
choose the best answer (A, B or C).
Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
• Do you ever eat at street food stalls like
Alina’s? If so,what kind of street food do you
like the most? If not, where do you like to eat
out instead?
• Do you prefer your country’s own cuisine or
food from other countries? Which is more
popular in your town or city?
• If you could set up your own food business,
what type would it be and why?
2 Alina decided to set up a market stall because she
A knew it would be the most cost-effective way to run her
business.
B was eager to get back to work again after moving from
London.
C thought shoppers there would be interested in her food.
3 What change did Alina make to her menu in the first few months?
A introducingsome cheaper dishes
B focusing on healthy dishes
C including dishes requested by Turkish customers
4 What type of advertising did Alina find most effective?
A newspaper features
B online advertising
C personal recommendations
5 When Alina moved into private catering,she found it difficult to
A find suitable workers
B acquire a permit
C adjust to catering for big events
6 How did Alina feel about cateringfortheTurkish ambassador?
A anxious about doinga good job
B pleased with the feedback she received
C amazed to have been specially selected
7 What does Alina plan to do next with her business?
A teach Turkish cookery lessons
B open a bookshop
C write a cookery book
Grammar
too and enough
Page 168 Grammar reference
too and enough
Complete the sentences from Listening Part 4
with too, too many, too much or enough.
costly
to start a business while we were living in
London.
2 People said that there was
fast food at the market, so we introduced lots
of healthier options.
3 I then set about developing dishes that were
not only affordable for customers but would
also allow me to earn
to make a profit.
1 It would have been
money
4 But for the first few months in the new
business,I had job offers and
people to help.not
For questions 1- 4, complete the second sentence so
that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using
the word given. Do not change the word given. You
must use between two and five words, including the
word given.
1 Few people can afford to eat in that restaurant.
TOO
That restaurant
most people to eat there.
2 We ran out of petrol before we reached our
destination.
ENOUGH
We did not have
ourdestination.
3 The news surprised her so much that she couldn’t
speak.
ASTONISHED
She
to speak.
4 We did not go swimming because of the cold weather.
WARM
The weather
to go swimming.
Complete the task below.
the news
Complete the sentences with too, too many, too much
or enough. Work with a partner. Decide if you agree or
disagree with the sentences. us
1 I’m not a big fan of Asian cuisine, like curry, as I find it
a bit spicy.
2 Supermarkets waste food and use
plastic containersfor their products.
time teaching Reviews wanted!
We want to hear about your worst
restaurant experience. Tell us where
you went,what the problems
and what they can do to
improve in the future.
We will publish your reviews in
next month’s magazine.
Write 140-190 words.
3 Few schools spend
students about nutrition.
4 Energy drinks should be banned for people under
the age of 16 because they contain
sugar.
5 I think people rush to prepare food and don’t dedicate
time to cooking healthy, balanced were
meals.
o Exam candidates often make mistakes with too, too
many, too much,enough and very. Find and correct the
mistakes in the sentences. More than one answer may
be possible.
1 I liked the restaurant but the food wasn’t enough.
2 Experts say that fast food is not too much good
for you.
3 I don’t have money enough to pay for your dinner.
4 We didn’t like the hotel because it wasn’t enough
comfortable.
5 The food takes too much long to prepare, so
customers become impatient.
6 Some people suffer from doing too hard work.
7 The food was not too much tasty.
8 I’m afraid the meal was too much expensive.
&
Food glorious food
Complete Martyna’s and Miguel’s answers with a word
or phrase from the box. Then listen to check your
answers.
Speaking Part 4
Page 211Speaking Bank
Speaking Part A
because but in other words
on the other hand then what which
* In Speaking Part 4, the examiner asks you questions to
find out your opinions on general topics of the task from
Speaking Part 3.
The examiner may also ask you to discuss questions
with the other candidate and react to ideas
and opinions which they express.
• This part tests your ability to express and
, agree and disagree.
Find words or phrases in Martyna’s and Miguel’s
answers where they:
1 explain what they mean usingdifferent words
2 give a reason
3 give examples
4 balance one idea or opinion with another.
^^
justif^pinions
/P/ Pronunciation: grouping words and pausing (1)
When we speak, we say words in groups which form a
meaning together, almost like one word,and we pause
slightly between these groups of words.
Listen to Miguel and Martyna answering the
examiner’s next question and use a ( / ) to mark
where they pause. The first three have been done
for you.
Examiner: How can families benefit from eating
together?
Well, / the important thing is not eating, /
it ’s spending time together / so that they
can talk about what they ’ve been doing
during the day.They get the chance to
exchange opinions and make plans as
well, because everyone can contribute and
that ’s what makes a rich, meaningful family
life. Children learn ideas and attitudes from
their parents,while parents keep up to
date with their children and what they are
thinking and doing.
Examiner: And Martyna, do you agree?
Martyna: Yes,I do.And also I think people cook
better when they are cooking for several
people than when they are just cooking for
themselves, so as a result,people who eat
together eat more healthily.
Work in pairs. Read Miguel’s answer aloud. While
your partner is speaking, check where they pause
and if the pause sounds natural.
Look at Martyna’s and Miguel’s answers in Exercise 1
and use a ( / ) to mark where they pause. Then listen
again to check your answers.
Work in pairs. Read Martyna’s and Miguel’s answers
aloud.
Martyna and Miguel are answering an examiner’s
question in Speaking Part 4. Read their answers,
ignoring the gaps, and match the words and phrases in
bold with the definitions a-g.
Examiner: Do you think fast food is bad for you?
Martyna: I think it depends. I think the most
important thing is to have a balanced diet,
you eat a variety of
vegetables,meat,cereals and so on. I’m not
sure it matters so much how long it takes to
prepare, (2)
is just food which is prepared quickly.
if you just live on,
what’s it called, junk food, for instance
hamburgers and pizzas and things like that,
you probably need
to cut down on those and have a more
balanced diet.
in
Miguel:
I think fast food
(3) ...
(4)
Examiner: And Miguel, what do you think?
Miguel: I agree with Martyna. I think it’s fine to eat
fast food occasionally, (5)
you have to balance it with other things
like fresh fruit and vegetables (6)
are in season and cut down
on dairy products and fat. Also, I think that
you eat is only one part(7)
of a healthy lifestyle.
a a solid or liquid substance obtained from animals or
plants and used especially in cooking -fat
b a combination of the correct types and amounts
of food
0c do or use less of something
d food that is unhealthy but is quick and easy to eat
e foods made from milk,such as cream, butter and
cheese
f only eat a particular type of food
g someone’s way of living; the things that a person or
particular group of people usually do
Write your answer to the question in
the box in three or four sentences.
Use phrases to explain what you
mean, give examples and reasons, and
balance one opinion or idea against
another. Then mark where you think
you need to pause when you speak.
A cafe with
a difference!
Normally, when you enter a cafe, you are
greeted with the smell of freshly brewed coffee
and a (0) station of sweet and
savoury snacks. Feline Fun is a cafe that goes
one step (1)
humans (2)
One of the reasons why cafes like Feline Fun
are becoming so popular is the mutual
that they have for
both humans and cats. Researchers have (
a link between spending
time with animals and human well-being. The
relaxing atmosphere of a cafe, together with
the soothing presence of cats, is great for
stress levels.
Feline Fun doubles up as an animal sanctuary,
with staff (6)
of their time to looking after the cats. They
regular workshops and
events to raise awareness of animal issues,
and donate the money raised to local rescue
centres.
“How can children and young people
be encouraged to eat healthily?"
where cats and
Work in pairs. Take turns to ask and
answer the question in Exercise 5.
Work in pairs. Take turns to ask and
answer the questions.
1 How important is it for people to be
interested in the food they eat?
2 Some people say that it doesn’t
really matter what we eat. What do
you think?
3 Do you think parents should always
control what their children eat? Why
/ Why not?
4 Some people say that all students
should learn to cook at school. Do
you agree?
freely.
(3)
4)
(5)
a large part
(7)
The cafe is now looking to branch out and
plans are already in place toReading and Use of English Part 1
up a similar cafe for
reptiles, though they may find it harder to
recruit staff!
(8) ...
In Reading and Use of English Part 1,
you read a text of 150-160 words with
eight gaps and one example (0).
You must choose the best option
A, B, C or D for each gap.
• This part tests your knowledge
of the meanings of words, how
they are used,
collocations and the
grammar connected
with particular words.
B arrangement (c) selection
B forward
B combine
B gains
B established
B falling
B keeping
B continue
B set
D gathering
D further
D associate
D values
D recognised
D reducing
D passing
D take
D give
Read the article again and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits
each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
0 A collection
1 A beyond
2 A mix
3 A interests
4 A indicated
5 A declining
6 A applying
7 A hold
8 A put
C ahead
C join
C benefits
C proved
C dropping
C devoting
C maintain
C make
^ You are going to read a short article
about the popularity of cat cafes.
Read the article quickly. Don’t worry
about the gaps at the moment. Why
are cat cafes popular?
Work in groups.
• Have you ever been to a cat cafe? Would you like to go to one?
Why / why not?
• Have you ever been to another cafe that had a special theme? Describe
it to your group.
Food, glorious food
Work in pairs. Read the Exam advice box, then read the
writing task below and underline the points you must
deal with.
Writing Part 2: A review
Page 200 Writing Bank
WritingPart 2: Review
You see this announcement in your local English-
languagenewspaper.
• Writing a review tests your ability to describe and give
your opinion about something you have experienced
(e.g. a restaurant or a concert) and to make a
recommendation to the reader.
Can you recommend a local restaurant, cafe or
snack bar? ...
If so, why not write a review for our Food section?
Tell our readers what the place and the food are like,
and say why you think everyone in the family would
enjoy eatingthere.
All reviews published will receive vouchers for a
free meal.
• When writing a review, you should think
about what people want to know when they
read the review, e.g. what sort of restaurant
is it? What is the food like? Is it expensive?
v-—I
1 info 1
Jv
Write your review.
Which features (a—j) do you think a review of a cafe or
restaurant should cover?
a the type of restaurant,cafe or snack bar
b the writer 's general opinion of the restaurant,cafe or
snack bar
c a description of its design and surroundings
d a description of the food and/or drink
e a description of the other customers
f a description of the service
g an explanation of howto get there
h a recommendation
i an indication of the price
j the location
A
V asADiscuss these questions.
• What different types of learningare shown in the
photos?
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of
learning in each of these ways?
• Which method would be the best way to learn:
- to pass an exam?
- to play a musical instrument?
- to write computer code?
- to learn a language?
Listening Part 1
•Read the questions carefully, underlining the main
ideas in the question as you read. This helps you to
focus on what is being asked. In some cases, you may
have to underline the whole question.
•The words you hear will usually be different
from the words in the question; listen for the
meaning rather than actual words.
You are going to hear people talking in eight different
situations connected with studying. Before you listen,
match these words and phrases (1-9) with their
definitions (a-i).
1 tutor
2 research (verb)
3 learner
4 mark (verb)
5 admission
6 pass (noun)
7 sit (an exam)
8 course requirement
9 job prospects
a check a piece of work or an exam,highlighting mistakes
and giving a number or a letter to say how good it is
b someone who is acquiring knowledge or a new skill
c something that is needed or demanded for the
completion of a course
d study a subject in detail in orderto discover
new information about it
e a successful result in a test or course
f take a test
g the possibility of successfully finding work
h university teacher who teaches a small group of students
i when someone is given permission to become
a member of a club, university,etc.
Read the questions and underline the main idea in each
question. Do not read options A, B or C yet.
1 You hear two students talking about the assignment they
have to do.
What does the woman say about it?
A It’s a waste of her time.
B There’ll be enough time to finish it.
C She’s already written the first part of it.
2 You hear a student talking about the value of studying abroad.
What does he think the main benefit is?
A It helps you to get a job.
B It shows that you can live in another culture.
C It provides you with new contacts.
3 You overhear two people discussing a new online course.
What does the woman say students have to do?
A work through all the learning materials
B do background research on their chosen subject
C have meetings with the teachers online
4 You hear two students talking about an exam.
What are they both most worried about?
A not havingenough time to revise
B not being able to concentrate
C being asked unexpected questions
5 You hear a son talking to his mother about the new course
he is applying for.
Why hasn’t he made a final decision yet about which
universities to apply for?
A He wants to apply to places he is likely to be accepted.
B He only wants to go to a well-known university.
C He would prefer not to go to an expensive university.
6 You hear a chemistry teacher talkingabout her career.
Why did she become a teacher?
A She was keen to share her passion for science.
B She wanted to make a difference to children’s lives.
C She was inspired by her own teachers at school.
7 You overhear a student talkingto her friend about the
amount of homework she has to do.
Why is she unhappy about it?
A She hasn't got enough time to do it.
B She didn’t receive enough help from the teacher.
C She doesn’t think it helps her improve as a student.
8 You hear two students talking about a lecture they have
just attended.
What do they disagree about?
A how useful the lecture was
B how knowledgeable the lecturer was
C how well-behaved the students were
Vocabulary
Phrasal verbs
Match these phrasal verbs with their
definitions (a-h).
1 get over sth
2 liveuptosth
3 hand (sth) back
4 get away with sth
5 point (sth) out
6 put (sth) off
7 turnout
8 look back
a be as good as expected
b decide or arrange to delay an event or
activity until a later time or date
c feel better after somethingor someone
has made you unhappy,or get better after
an illness
d end or happen in a particular or
surprising way
e return somethingto the person who gave
it to you
f think about something that happened
in the past
g succeed in avoiding punishment for
something
h tell someone some information,often
because you believe they are not aware
of it or have forgotten it
Complete the sentences with a phrasal verb
from Exercise 1in the correct form.
1 Franz hates writing essays and tries to
writing them till the last
moment.
2 I don’t know how Charo
copying her essays from the internet,but
the teacher never seems to notice.
3 Julia worked really hard for the test,
but when the teacher
she found she’d got ait
very low mark. I hope she
the disappointment soon because she’s
looking really depressed.
4 My mum puts quite a lot of pressure on
me and it’s difficult to
her expectations.I think when she
at her youth, she feels
she didn’t study hard enough herself.
5 The exam to be
easier than I expected and, just as you
, it was all things we’d
studied before.
Listen and choose the best answer (A, B or C).
Study time
find out , get to know, know, learn, teach and study; Q Complete the sentences with the correct form of a word
attendJoin, take part and assist from Exercise 3.
1 Dimitri needs to
to study in Seville next year.
Spanish if he wants
Read the brochure below, which outlines the reasons
for studying at a university abroad. Choose the correct
option in italics.
a lot of interestingpeople from
different countries while doing this course.
3 Maria hopes to
goes to university.
4 While Karen was at summer camp,she
how to windsurf.
2 I’ve&
chemistry when she
(1) Learn / Study at some of the best universities in
the world.
(2) Get to know / Know people from all over the
world and make lasting friendships.
^ (3) Attend / Take part lectures and seminars
(4) learnt / taught in a variety of different languages.
^ (5)Join / Take part in extracurricular activities such
as city tours and social events,as well as (6) assisting
/ joining clubs and social groups.
^ (7) Learn / Study how to live independently in
another country.
^ Receive advice from specialist careers advisers who
(8) get to know / know what skills international
employers are looking for.
the answer to this5 The best way to
question is to look online.
6 I’d like to ring Kevin, but I don’t
phone number.
7 I had a wonderful course tutor who
meto speak German really well.
his
8 The university has an accommodation officer who
students in finding somewherewill
to live.
a youth club last year because9 Kostas
he wanted to meet people.
10 It was the first time he had in a
marathon,so people were surprised when he won.
Grammar
Zero, first and second conditionalsTo (9)find out / assist more about the courses on offer, visit
our website.
Page 168 Grammar reference
Zero, first and second conditionals
Read the sentences (1-6) below. Which ones ...
a refer to something which the speaker thinks is a
possible or likely outcome?
b refer to something which the speaker is imagining,or
thinks is unlikely or impossible?
c refer to something which is generally true?
1 If you speak a bit of the language, it ’s much easier to
make friends.
2 If I gave up football, I'd have more time to study.
3 If you’re not sure when your event starts, check the
programme.
4 If I could drop some subjects, I’d have more time for
geography.
5 If there are any changes to the programme, the
teachers will let you know straight away.
6 I won’t be able to go to university unless I do well in my
exams at school.
i
v -• >
si t •
ELEPHOiNF
f" I
4•4-
4
3
ill
1 I !lL
}§3wm
Work in pairs. Try to agree on the two best things about
studying abroad. Give reasons for your answers.
Match the beginnings and endings of these sentences.
1 I won’t mention your name
2 I’d travel round the world
3 We don’t allow people to do the course
4 I’ll have to buy the book
5 If I decide to study abroad,
6 If I see her,
7 If I wasn’t so busy,
8 If I went to study in Australia,
9 I’d take a taxi
10 If students come to class regularly,
a I won’t see my family for several months,
b theyusually get good results,
c I’d go to the cinema with you.
d I probably wouldn’t come back,
e I’ll tell heryou called,
f if I had the time and the money,
g unless I can find it in the library,
h unless you want me to.
i if I could afford one.
j unless they have the right qualifications.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar
meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do
not change the word given. You must use between two
and five words, including the word given.
1 We will not be able to finish the project without
your help.
ASSIST
Unless
project, we will not be able to finish it.
the
2 You cannot use the swimmingpool unless you become
a member of the sports club.
JOIN
You can only use the swimming pool
the sports club.
3 Amelia will not participate in the concert because she
is feeling ill.
PART
If Amelia was not feelingill, she
in the concert.
4 It will be necessary for us to postpone the match if the
weather does not improve.
PUT
Unless the weather gets better,we
the match.
5 Your English improves because your teacher shows
you your mistakes.
UNLESS
Your English would not get
out your
mistakes.
6 I will only play in the basketball match if I recover from
my cold.
GET
Unless
play in the basketball match.
Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
• If you could study
anywhere in the world,
where would you go?
• If you studied in a different
country, what do you think
would be your biggest
difficulty?
• If you could change one
thing in your life,what
would it be?
• If, one day,you became
famous,what would you
most like to be famous for?
• How will you celebrate if
you pass all your exams
this year?
,I will not
o Exam candidates often make mistakes with first and
second conditionals. Complete the sentences with the
correct form of the verbs in brackets.&
1 If I (say) that technology does not
affect the way we study, I would be lying.
(live) near the office, I
(cycle) to work,but unfortunately I
2 If I
live too far away to do that.
3 It’s a shame we can’t study together. If we
(do), we
test each other at the same time.
(be) able to
4 We can organise a class trip if we
(have) any free time during the term.
5 If you
homework,always
for advice.
6 If everyone
the oceans
(have) any problems with your
(ask) your teacher
. (stop) using plastic bags,
(be) less polluted. Study time
Reading and Use of English Part 7
•Before you read the sections, read the questions carefully,
underlining the main ideas.
•Read the first section and find which questions it answers.
•Deal with each section in turn in this way.
•If you have any time left at the end, go back
and check your answers carefully and fill in any
questions you missed
Work in pairs. You are going to read extracts from four reports
written by international university students. Read questions 1-10
and underline the main idea in each one.
Which person ...
1 wanted to experience a specific way of learning?
2 chose a place that was easier to get to than
other locations?
3 felt that their choice of university was important
for their future career?
4 was pleasantly surprised by the approach to
teaching and learning?
5 has considered starting a career in their chosen location?
6 found it difficult to adapt to their new environment?
7 had a different experience to the one they’d
originally expected?
8 got to know the local area before their studies began?
9 has been disappointed with aspects of their experience?
10 is pleased to be studying in a large city?
For questions 1-10, choose from the people (A-D). The people may be
chosen more than once.
You have received this email from your English-speaking friend Simi.
Write your email in response to Simi’s questions.
From: Simi
Subject: Studying abroad
Hi,
When you told me about your year studying abroad,I thought it
sounded amazing,and now I’m interested in goingto university in
another country too! What are the benefits of studying abroad? Where
do you think I should go and why?
Thanks,
Simi
Write your email.
Have you ever thought of studying abroad? Four students abroad relate
their experiences ...
Jieni went to London, UKA
You don’t think twice about going to study in London. Last September, I left home with a large
suitcase, and a few hours later I arrived at the place I now call home. I settled on London
because of the many famous old universities here, as well as the fact that it would undoubtedly
boost my job prospects back home. Before I arrived, I'd built up an image of life in the UK in
my mind, in large part due to what I'd seen on TV and in films, but I quickly realised that this
had been a misinterpretation. London is incredibly diverse and is home to people from all over
the world. If I wanted to enjoy something more typically British, I'd choose a smaller location,
but for a student my age, I definitely made the right choice.
Mehedi went to Windsor, CanadaB
Last summer I started a new adventure in Canada. My course didn't start until late September,
but I wanted to spend a month finding out more about my new surroundings. The university
is located in a small place called Windsor. I thought about going to study in a bigger city in
Canada, or even in the United States, but decided on this place instead. If I’d chosen to study
in a major North American city, I probably wouldn't be having the same experience as I am
now. The locals are great with international students, and we all get on well with each other.
I wasn’t sure exactly what form the learning would take, but I haven’t been disappointed in that
regard. The course uses modern methodology, with lots of online group work and, overall, my
expectations have been met and exceeded. If you keep an open mind about it, you can really
\ U
i
benefit from this form of studying.
c
I initially thought I’d go to the US or the UK to study for a degree, as I’ve heard lots of good
things about their universities and everybody knows how important English is as a language.
Then I thought about the journey home. If I studied in New York, it would probably take me at
least a whole day to return to Jakarta, so Australia seemed like a sensible choice. It wasn't that
I difficult to get a visa, and I can stay and get a job after I graduate. That's a really big plus for
BB me. Although I'm enjoying living here, I seem to be spending all of my time studying, so I don’t
K)|feel like I’ve immersed myself in the culture. Also, I know in some countries English support
^^B classes are free for international students, but we have to pay for it here and I don't think
.m
'I
sac
Hint s very fair
Sofiane went to Helsinki, Finland
I’d heard about Finland's reputation as a global leader in education, but to say that I’d always
planned on coming to study here would be a lie. However, it's turned out to be one of the
best decisions I’ve ever made. I was blown away by the university’s facilities and how well they
PP looked after their students, not to mention the contemporary approach to learning, which was
exactly what I was hoping for. Admittedly, it was quite a culture shock and it took me a while to
get to grips with the Finnish language, though I'm very pleased with the progress I'm making.
Furthermore, the excellent transportation links mean that I can still enjoy all the aspects of city
life, while living in the peaceful surroundings of the university campus.
•••• ••.•i*'.* ••••.• ••1
a •
* *
Si
Study time
Reading and Use of English Part 3 •Read the text quickly to see what it is about.
•Read before and after the gap to decide:
- what meaning the word has
- what type of word you need (noun, verb, adjective or
adverb).
•Think about how you need to change the
word in capitals to form the word you need.
o Form nouns from these verbs.
verb noun
qualify 1 IOK
•When you have finished, read the
^^
complete^exH^hedu^make^ense
intend 2
respond 3
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at
the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits
in the gap in the same line. There issentence stress
Part 3:Discussing whether people should spend
more of their free time playing sports
Suggesting ideas,asking your partner’s opinion,
agreeingand disagreeing
Intonation (2):Showing
interest and enthusiasm
Verb collocations with activities
look,see,watch, listen and hear
Infinitive and verb + - ing
Part 4: Discussing different aspects of
entertainment
Giving balanced answers
Grouping words and
pausing (2)
Describing entertainment
play, performance and acting; audience,
( the) public and spectators ; scene and
stage
At, in andon to express location
Reported speech
Part 2:Describing different kinds of feelings and
emotions
Speculating about photos using modalsand look,
seem and appear
achieve, carry out and devote
stay,spend and pass; move,cause and
have
Modalverbs to express
certainty and possibility
Sentence stress (3):Using
stress for emphasis
Part 1: Talkingabout spendingmoney
Strategies for answering Part 1questions
Linking (1):Linking to
increase fluency
arrive,get and reach
Phrasal verbs connected with shopping
as and like
Modalverbs to express ability
Part 2: Describing situations related to health
Expressions when you need time to think,can’t
think of a word or have made a mistake
Intonation (3):Showing
certainty / uncertainty
Health vocabulary
Idiomatic expressions
Relative pronouns and relative
clauses
avoid, prevent and protect; check,control,
keep an eye on and supervise
Parts 3 and 4:Discussing topics related to animals
Commenting on the question
Expressing other people’s opinions
Expressing agreement and disagreement
Word stress (3): Strong and
weak forms
Third conditional and mixed
conditionals
wish, if only and hope
Part 2: Describing people in different locations
Strategies for answering Part 2 questions
Linking (2): Linking with
consonant sounds
Vocabulary to describe where you live
space, place, room,area, location and
square
Causative have and get
Expressing obligation and
permission
Parts 3 and 4:Discussing topics related to festivals
and celebrations
Strategies for working with a partner
Improving fluency Vocabulary for festivals
Suffixes to form nouns for people
The passive
Introduction
Who this book is for
Complete First is a stimulating and thorough preparation
course for learners who wish to take the B2 First exam from
Cambridge Assessment English. It helps them to develop
the necessary reading, writing, listening and speaking skills
for the exam,as well as teaching essential grammar and
vocabulary. For those who are not planning to take the exam
in the near future, the book provides skills and language based
around engaging topics,all highly relevant for learners moving
towards a B2 level of English.
What the Student’s Book contains:
• 14 units for classroom study. Each unit comprises:
- an authentic exam task taken from each of the four
papers (Reading and Use of English,Listening,Speaking
and Writing) in the B2 First exam.
- Exam advice boxes containingessential information on
what each part of the exam involves, and the best way
to approach each task.
- a wide range of enjoyable speakingactivities designed
to increase learners’ fluency and ability to express
themselves.
- a step-by-step approach to doingFirst Writing tasks.
- grammar activities and exercises for the grammar
learners need to know for the exam; grammar exercises
with the symbol © are based on research from the
Cambridge Learner Corpus and deal with the areas
which often cause problems for candidates in the exam.
- vocabulary activities and exercises for the vocabulary
learners need to know for the exam; vocabulary
exercises with the symbol © focus on words which
First candidates often confuse or use wrongly in the
exam.
• Seven unit reviews comprised of exercises which revise
the grammar and vocabulary in each unit.
• Speaking and Writing banks. These explain the possible
tasks students may have to do in the Speaking and Writing
papers,and provide examples and models together with
additional advice on how best to approach these Speaking
and Writing exam tasks.
• A Grammar reference section which clearly explains,unit
by unit, all the main areas of grammar which you will need
to know for the B2 First exam. There are also practice
exercises for all grammar points.
• Cambridge One Digital Pack containing:
- Test and Train
- Practice Extra
- eBook with audio
Also available
• A Student ’s Workbook containing 14 Units for homework
and self-study.Each unit contains further exam-style
exercises to practise the reading, listening and writing
skills needed in the B2 First exam. In addition, they
provide further practice of grammar and vocabulary,using
information about First candidates’ common errors from the
Cambridge Learner Corpus © .
• Downloadable audio containing all the listening material for
the workbook.
• A Teacher’s Book containing:
- step-by-step guidance for teachingactivities in the
Student’s Book
- a number of suggestions for alternative treatments of
activities in the Student ’s Book listeningmaterial.
- complete answer keys including audioscripts for all the
listening material.
- access to extra photocopiable materials online to
practise and extend language abilities beyond the
requirements of the B2 First exam.
• A Test Generator containing:
- a Grammar and Vocabulary Test at ‘standard’ and ‘plus’
levels of each of the 14 units in the Student’s Book.
- three Term Tests includinggrammar, vocabulary and
First Readingand Use of English, Writing,Speakingand
Listening exam tasks.
- an End of Year Test including grammar, vocabulary and
First Reading and Use of English,Writing, Speakingand
Listening exam tasks.
mmm B2 First content and overview
PART/TIMING CONTENT EXAM FOCUS
Part 1A modified doze text containing eight gaps and
followed by eight multiple-choice items.
Part 2 A modified open cloze text containing eight gaps.
Part 3 A text containing eight gaps. Each gap corresponds to
a word.The stems of the missing words are given beside the
text and must be changed to form the missing word.
Part 4 Six separate questions, each with a lead-in sentence
and a gapped second sentence to be completed in two to
five words,one of which is given as a ‘key word’.
Part 5 A text followed by six multiple-choice questions.
Part 6 A text from which six sentences have been removed
and placed in a jumbled order after the text. A seventh
sentence,which does not need to be used, is also included.
Part 7 A text,or several short texts, preceded by ten
multiple-matching questions.
Candidates are expected to
demonstrate the ability to apply their
knowledge of the language system
by completing the first four tasks;
candidates are also expected to show
understanding of specific information,
text organisation features, tone,and
text structure.
Reading and
Use of English
1hour 15
minutes
Part 1One compulsory essay question presented through a
rubric and short notes.
Part 2 Candidates choose one task from a choice of
three task types. The tasks are situationally based and
presented through a rubric and possibly a short input
text. The task types are:
• an essay
• an article
• a letter or email
• a review
• a report
Candidates are expected to be able to
write using different degrees of formality
and different functions: advising,
comparing, describing,explaining,
expressing opinions, justifying,
persuading,recommending and
suggesting.
Writing
1hour20
minutes
Listening
Approximately
40 minutes
Part 1A series of eight short unrelated extracts from
monologues or exchanges between interacting speakers.
There is one three-option multiple-choice question per
extract.
Part 2 A short talk or lecture on a topic, with a sentence
completion task which hasten items.
Part 3 Five short related monologues, with five multiple
matching questions.
Part 4 An interview or conversation, with seven multiple
choice questions.
Candidates are expected to be able
to show understanding of attitude,
detail, function, genre, gist,main idea,
opinion, place,purpose, situation,an example at the
beginning (0).
adjust 4
5compare
exist 6
demand 7
•ill 90% (DM)
develop 8 Mobile phones
in the classroombehave 9
advise 10 The use of mobile phones in the classroom
has been a (0)
debated by teachers, parents and students
for years. In the UK, 98% of schools have
banned the use of mobile phones in the
classroom (1)
caught using them would expect to face
some sort of (2)
detention all the way up to suspension for
students who were repeat
topic CONTROVERSY
11appear
know 12
. Anyone COMPLETEo Each of the nouns in the table has been formed from a
verb. Write the verb next to the noun. , from PUNISH
verb noun
. This might sound OFFEND
harsh, but studies have shown that when
students are (4)
bringing their phones to school, they are
less distracted and perform much better
in class.
(3)
1 agreement
from COURAGE
2 assessment
feeling3
Not all teachers agree with this ban,
however. There are many who are
demonstrating a (5)
integrate phones into their lesson plans.
They argue that, under their
involvement4
to WILLING
investigation5
confusion6 GUIDE, students are able
to access a whole variety of different
resources that
(6)
preference7 EDUCATE(7)
can boost their learning and help them to
develop such skills as collaboration,
and media literacy. CREATE
approval8
(8)
^ Work in two teams. Some people believe that mobile phones
should be banned in the classroom. Do you agree?
Team A
You support the ban on mobile phones in the classroom. Make a
list of reasons why you think they should be banned
Team B
You don’t support the ban on mobile phones in the classroom.
Make a list of reasons why you think they shouldn’t be banned.
Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
1 How many reasons does Nikolai give for his
answer?
2 How many situations does Martyna mention for
using English?
3 Why is it good to combine ideas and reasons in
your answers?
4 Why is it good to sound interested and
enthusiastic?
Think how you can answer these questions,
combining your ideas and reasons for them. Then
work in pairs and take turns to ask and answer the
questions.
• What is/was your favourite subject at school?
Why?
• How do you think you’ll use English in the future?
Now debate in your teams. When you have finished the
debates, have a class vote to see which side has the best
argument.
/P/ Pronunciation: syllable stress
With some related words, the stress is different
dependingon whether it is a noun, a verb or
an adjective.
Listen to these words. Which syllable
is stressed?
necessary necessity
Decide which syllable is stressed in each of these
words.
satisfying / satisfactory
exam / examination
graduate / graduation
prefer / preference
relative / relation
Now listen to check your answers. What do you
notice about where we stress words ending in
-tion and -ityl
Work in pairs. Take turns to read the words aloud.
educate / education
explain / explanation
possible / possibility
refer / reference
institute / institution
Speaking Part 1
Page 204 Speaking bank
Speaking Part1
Work in pairs. Complete this extract of two exam candidates
doing Speaking Part 1. Then listen to check your answers.
Teacher: Nikolai, what is your favourite subject at school?
Nikolai: I find biology very interesting.That’s
I enjoy all science subjects a
I can get good enough
marks in my final exams,I’ll study medicine
I go to university. Also,I’ve
got a really excellent biology teacher,
makes the subject much
&
(1)
lot and (2)
Think about how you can use three or four
words from Exercise 4.2 in your answers to these
questions.
• What do you particularly like about the school
where you study?
• What plans and ambitions do you have for your
education in the future?
Work in pairs. Take turns to ask and answer
the questions above. While you listen to your
partner, pay attention to whether they stress the
words from Exercise 4.2 correctly. Correct them
where necessary.
(3 )
(4)
more fun.
And you,Martyna, how do you think you’ll use
English in the future?
Well, I think English is an absolute necessity now
and you just can’t get by without it. It ’ll help me
to find a job, and (5)
involves travelling, it’ll be an essential skill. I’d like
to work in business, (6)
English is a really big advantage for that too.
Thank you. Nikolai, can you...
Teacher:
Martyna:
my work
I think
Teacher:
Study time
Work alone and write a plan for your essay. Then
compare your plan with your partner’s.
Read Marina’s essay plan and then answer the
questions.
1 Has she repeated a lot of the language from the task
in her plan? Why? / Why not?
2 How longdo you think it took her to write the plan?
3 Has she covered all the points in the task? Why is this
important?
Work in pairs. Decide which of you will be Student A and
which Student B. Take some time to think about how you
will answer your questions below. Then take turns to ask
your partner the questions in their box.
Questions for Student A
• Tell me about the school you go/went to?
• What would you like to study in the future if you had
the chance? (Why?)
• How much homework do students in your country
generally do? (Do you think that ’s too much?)
(Why?/Why not?)
• Can you tell me what you most enjoy about learning
English? (Why do you like that?)
• Tell me about the best teacher you’ve ever had.
Questions for Student B
• Do you prefer studying alone or with other people? (Why?)
• Can you remember your first day at school?
(Tell me about it.)
• Would you like to study in a different country?
(Why? / Why not?)
• How important are exams in your country? (Why?)
• How important is learningEnglish to you? (Why?)
ParaA: Brief intro — present situation: more
contact with oilier countries, more travel
— mi ] view: essential
Necessari ] to get a job; useful for
international work
Going abroad — speaking with local
people: more enjoyable + gou learn more
Using the internet - mainlij in English:
essential information for all aspects of
life — give examples
Conclusion — mi] opinion: people who
can' t speak foreign long, have fewer
opportunities.
Para.2:
Para.3:
Para.4:
Para.5:
•Listen carefully to the questions and make
sure your answers are relevant.
•Where possible, give reasons for your
answer and/or add some extra information. ^ Work in groups. Read three students’ opening
paragraphs below (1-3).
• Which paragraph do you think is the best? Why?
• What is wrong with the other two paragraphs?Writing Part 1: An essay
Although most young people spend many hours at
school learning a foreign language, usually English, I
for most of them the result is that they do not learn to \
speak it well and all this time is wasted. Instead, they
could be learning mathematics or computer science,
which are both really useful subjects. Is learning a
foreign language a useful school subject? I will give
you my opinion at the end.
Page 192 Writing bank
An essay
Work in pairs. Read the writing task and discuss the essay
question. Make a note of all your ideas and opinions.
1
In your English class,you have been talkingabout what
subjects should be compulsory at secondary school.
Now your English teacher has asked you to write an
essay.
Write an essay usingall the notes and give reasons for
your point of view.
-
H m the past, only educated people in high society learn to
1 speak foreign languages. This was mainly because only they
could afford an education. However, as time has passed,
education has become available to all children, and foreign-
language learning has become increasingly common. Wy
do young people have to study foreign languages, and how
do they benefit from doing so? That's the question. /All youngpeople should study a foreign language as
part of their education.
Do you agree?
Notes
Write about:
1. working life
2. travel and holidays
In the modern world, we have to work and commL.with people from other countries. For this reason,Ibelieve that learning a foreign language is an essentialpart of modern education.
unicate
:
(yourown idea)3.
Readthis writing task and:
• make a note of any useful points
• write a plan for your essay.
Match the teacher’s comments (a-c) with the opening
paragraphs in Exercise 4.
A good opening paragraph. You’ve stated your point
of view clearly and directly and related it to the
present situation.
It’s just two sentences, so plenty of space for the rest
of thetask!
The history of language learning is not relevant to
the task.
Your question is not the question in the task,so also
irrelevant.Stick carefully to the writing task.
Your intro is 63 words - you now have a maximum of
120 words for writing the rest of your essay. If you don’t
deal with the task exactly, you won’t pass the exam!
You’ve started the essay with an opinion, not an
introduction to the topic.Will your final opinion
be different?
The paragraph is too long.
You don’t appear to have planned the essay - just
started with the first idea that occurred to you.
Remember: you’ll lose marks if your essay is not well-
planned and organised.
0 Now write your own opening paragraph for the exam task
in Exercise 1.
Complete Marina’s essay with the words and phrases in the
box, which she uses to link her ideas together.
a
In your English class,you have been talking about
studyingabroad.Now your English teacher has
asked you to write an essay.
Write an essay usingall the notes and give
reasons for your point of view.
All youngpeople who have the opportunity
should study in a foreign school or college for a
year.
Do you agree?
b
c
Notes
Write about:
1. experiencing a different culture
2. personal development
(your own idea)3.
Write your essay, following your plan. Use your
plan and Marina’s essay in Exercise 7 as a model.
Write 140-190 words.
a further point is that also do so
for all these reasons for example if it
these opportunities with the result that
Make sure that you:
•read the question carefully and underline the
key words to make sure that you know exactly
what to do
In the modem world, we have to work and communicate
with people from other countries. For this reason, I
believe that learning a foreign language is an essential
part of modern education.
•answer the question exactly
•deal with all the points below the question
•include your own idea.
Write a brief first paragraph which:
•states why the question is important
briefly indicates your point of view.
Nowadays, many jobs are international ,
people have to be able to(1)
communicate in English. (2) , people are
likely to work in different countries during their careers,
when their companies send them
will not arise for
v(3)
abroad to work . (4)
people who cannot speak a foreign language.
In their free time, many people like to travel and,
they can speak to local people, they
enjoy their holidays more and learn about the places they
visit. If they cannot speak a foreign language, they might
stay in their own country and miss seeing other places.
we all use the internet for study and
gives us information about
things which are interesting and useful to us, but a lot of
the content is in English and if we can’t understand the
language, it will be of much less benefit.
it is essential for young people to
learn a foreign language. If they do not
they will have fewer opportunities.
(5)
(6)
work . (7)
(8)
(9)
Study time
ii--TKWSSf-
*
W.V."
J
Look at the photos and answer the
questions in pairs.
1 What job does each photo
represent?
2 What do you think are the
advantages and disadvantages of
each of these jobs?
3 What job(s) did you dream of doing
when you were younger?
4 Why do you think some people
don’t end up doing their dream job?
You will hear five short extracts. For questions
1-5, choose from the list (A-H) what each
speaker says abouttheir job. Use the letters only
once. There are three extra letters which you do
not need to use.
Listening Part 3
Work in pairs. You will hear five people who work in tourism
talking about their jobs. For each speaker (1-5), choose which
feelings or opinions they express from the list of options (A-H).
Before you listen, paraphrase each option in your own words.
A My job requires me to have good people skills.
^ou uttA gooA people, skills to be ^ble to Ao mg job.
B I find some aspects of myjob boring.
C Myjob is different from other people’s expectations of it.
D I don’t mind working long hours.
E It often doesn’t feel like work.
F I find myjob relaxing.
G I get to spend a lot of time with my family.
H I’m considering changingmyjob.
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
• Before you listen, read each option carefully
and think about what it means.
• Listen for the general idea of what each speaker
is saying.
• Wait until each speaker finishes before you
choose an answer.
•Remember that the speakers may
talk about something connected
with other sentences, but there is
only one correct sentence for
each speaker.v
Work in groups.
• Would you be interested in doing any of
the jobs the speakers talk about?
• If you could‘spend all day doing what you love’,
like Speaker 4, what would that job be?
Speaker 4
Speaker 5
Work in pairs. The diagram shows adjective collocations with job
and work, in groups according to meaning. Complete the diagram
with the words in the box. In some cases, more than one answer
may be possible.
Vocabulary
work or job;possibility, occasion or
opportunity; fun or funny
Exam candidates often confuse the following
words: work or job;possibility, occasion
or opportunity; fun or funny. Read these
sentences from Listening Part 3 and choose
the correct option in italics.
1 Many people imagine that being a flight
attendant is a glamorous job / work and
that we take lots of holidays.
2 They are always so excited and often say
fun / funny things,which cheers me up
when I’m having a difficult day.
3 I love having the possibility / opportunity
/ occasion to share my knowledge with
visitors.
4 I want to make the tours as much fun /
funny for everyone as possible.
5 We love being hosts so much that we often
forget that it s a work / job.
6 I’m glad I changed my job and it’s great to
have the possibility / occasion of working
from home.
7 However, it can still be quite hard work /
job.
8 People often come to celebrate special
opportunities / possibilities / occasions, like
birthdays or anniversaries.
Complete the sentences with a word from
the box in the correct form.
badly paid challenging demanding fascinating
fuIf-time bsf4 holiday manual office outdoof
part-time permanent pleasant responsible skilled
temporary tiring tough weekend well paid worthwhile
&
feJHimekArM
joba
or
work
outdoor
fun funny job occasion
opportunity possibility work skills
1 She’s just filled out a form applying for a
summer
2 I know he was trying to be
Work in pairs. Imagine that you do one of the jobs in the list below.
Write a funny story about something that happened at work. Use
at least five of the adjectives in Exercise 3.
• babysitter
• your own job
,but none of his jokes
made us laugh.
3 I don't think there’s much
of him beingchosen for the job. • chef
• doctor
• athlete
4 I’m hoping to study engineering and to
in the constructionfind
industry when I finish.
5 I only wear these smart clothes on
special
6 The trip was
do it again sometime.
7 One of my
the money at the end of the day.
8 Did you get a(n)
to Matt yesterday?
1 useM to kAoe A pArt-time job As A ^Aiter. It ^Asu’t pArticulArlt^kAvM faork , but it ^AS bAMljj pAiA AnM tkt customers coulM be oevy
MemAnMin/j. One ni^kt, I ^AS sewing A ^OMAK ^ko k^A been ^uite
ruMe AnM k^A sent ker {irst course bAck. As ( ^>AS ^Ikin^ to ker
tAble ^itk ker ne^ orMer, l tripped AAM tkre^j ker {ooA All ooer tke
tAble. v^ke ^AS not impressedl £oen if IA ^AnteM A pemAnent job
tkere, ( Mont tkink tke^ ^oulM kAue offereM me one A{ter tkAtl
- we should
was to count
to chat
Good job!
You are going to read an article about two storm
chasers. Read the questions and find the parts of the
text which provide the answers. Do not read options
A-D yet.
1 What isthe writer emphasising in the first paragraph?
A the mild-mannered nature of Jonathan and
Simon’s characters
B the significance of the mission facing Jonathan
and Simon
C the considerable expertise both Jonathan and
Simon have
D the close relationship that exists between
Jonathan and Simon
Reading and Use of English Part 5
•First read the text quickly to get a general idea
of what it is about.
•Read the first question, find where it is answered in the
text, and read that section carefully more than once
before you read the options A, B, C and D.
•Read the options carefully and choose the
one which matches what the text says.
•Pay attention to words like often, never,
generally.
2 What does the word their refer to in line 10?
A storms
B data and footage
C analysts
D weather agencies
3 In the third paragraph,what do we learn about
Jonathan and Simon’s car?
A It was expensive to put together.
B They had difficulty getting permission to drive it.
C It was originally used in a TV show.
D They imported it from another country.
4 What does the writer show when he says We’ve barely
been on the road ten minutes in lines 28-29?
A his impatience to reach the storm
B his annoyance with the unreliable vehicle
C his surprise at how quickly conditions
have changed
D his eagerness to complete the mission
5 How does the writer feel when they reach the
tornado?
A impressed by Jonathan and Simon’s reaction to it
B excited about being able to witness it close up
C worried that the car won’t be able to withstand it
D astonished by how quickly it is moving
6 What does the writer imply about Jonathan and
Simon after the storm chase?
A They are constantly striving for perfection.
B They feel unusually hungry after the chase.
C They feel that their equipment let them down.
D They are desperate to go on another chase.
Choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits
best according to the text.
Look at the photos below and answer the questions.
• Why have these people chosen to do these jobs?
• Which ones would you like / not like to do?
Chasing
a storm
Huddled around a laptop, Jonathan and Simon, two of the world’s most
renowned storm chasers, have just finished taking me through their detailed
plans for the upcoming chase. Despite the impending storm, I can’t help but
observe the eerily relaxed atmosphere in the room. The calm before the
storm,’ Simon jokes. ‘Now, now,’ Jonathan replies, placing a hand softly on
Simon’s shoulder ‘we were all beginners once,’ before shooting me a look
that says ‘don’t worry, he’s always like this’.
Both Jonathan and Simon are ‘extreme’ meteorologists. Their job is to track
or chase storms and collect data and footage, which is then sent back to
10 analysts at weather agencies who work to determine their severity in real
time. This information plays a crucial role, not only in identifying the threat of
a potential tornado, but also in alerting local residents, giving them time to
evacuate the affected areas. ‘We’re those people you see on news channels,
reporting live from the storm,’ Simon explains. Suddenly, a weather alert
15 pings through on Jonathan’s phone. ‘Storm’s brewing. Time to go.’
Jonathan opens the garage and reveals what is no ordinary-looking car. Put
it this way, it wouldn’t look out of place in the 1960s superhero TV series,
Batman. ‘It costs a fortune to run but, trust me, you’ll be thankful for all
of this when you’re in the middle of a storm,’ Jonathan says. He points
20 towards the armour plating covering the entire chassis, along with reinforced
windows to protect us from flying debris, which they had shipped in from
Germany. ‘It took over three months and a ton of rejection letters before
we found an insurance company willing to cover us,’ he explains. ‘I can see
why!’ I think, as we jump in.
25 It’s not long before we’re closing in on the RFD; or rear flank downdraft,
of the storm. This is a region of dry air, which is a key component in the
formation of a tornado. Then, that distinctive, funnel-shaped cloud appears
in front of our eyes, growing longer by the second. We've barely been on
the road ten minutes. Simon winds down his window to get a better shot.
30 An almighty roar -what sounds like ten jumbo jets preparing for take-
off - greets us. ‘Pull over by that post,’ Simon screams out over the noise.
‘Steady, steady ... OK, here it comes!’
And there it is. No more than two hundred metres away, hurtling across the
open plain at great speed, is an EF4 tornado. Simon gets straight onto the
35 computer, mapping its direction. Jonathan contacts the weather agency
on the hands-free phone while navigating the car through what I can only
describe as some of the scariest conditions I’ve ever experienced. Within
seconds, they’re live on local news, reporting on the storm. Amazingly, in
amongst all the chaos, they still find time to warn others. Moments later,
40 Jonathan presses the accelerator and the car bursts into life again. ‘That’s
it!’ Simon shouts, ‘it’s breaking up.’ Never has eight minutes felt so long!
We emerge from the storm unscathed. ‘Who’s hungry?’ Jonathan asks. He
pulls out his lunch box, hands a sandwich to Simon and to myself. I politely
refuse, which prompts a wry smile from them both. The conversation quickly
45 turns back to the chase. Like true scientists, they pick it apart, bit by bit.
Jonathan thinks the car’s engine is due an upgrade. Simon thinks he needs
a new camera. Me? Let’s just say that I’ll never complain about the
weather again.
Journalist Peter
Wright joins Jonathan
Timms and Simon
Walker as they chase
down a storm in the
United States.
Good job! § 65
How could you use these words or
phrases to talk about the photos?
a involve
b deal with
c not well-paid
d coaching
e fulltime
f part time
g keep somebody in order
h work under pressure
i keep cool
Listen to Nikolai and Antonia doing
this part of the test. Which words and
phrases from Exercise 2 does Nikolai
use to talk about each picture? Write
1, 2 or B (both) by each word or
phrase (a-i).
Which of these strategies (a or b) does
Nikolai use when doing the task?
a He describes the first photo and
answers the question before moving
on to the second photo and doing
the same.
b He points out similarities as well as
differences between the two photos
and switches between them as he
answers.
Listen again. Which of these phrases
does Nikolai use? Tick (/ ) the ones
you hear.
• Both photos show ...
• Both the jobs in the photos involve
... / ...neither of them...
• Anyway, the first photo shows ...
• While the girl in the first photo ...
• ...whereas in the second photo ... /...whereas the boy’s ...
• Another thingin the second photo is
Speaking Part 2
Page 206 Speaking Bank
Speaking Part 2
Work in pairs. When you compare photos, you can say what the photos
have in common as well as what is different aboutthem. Look at the
photos and discuss how you could answer the examiner’s instruction
below to say:
• which things are similar. • which things are different.
"I’d like you to compare the photographs.They show people doing
different jobs. I 'd like you to compare the photos and say what you
think the people are learning from doing these jobs."
What are the people learning from doingthese jobs?
I think both can ...
On the other hand, ...
not just ... but also ...
Work in pairs.
Student B: Follow the examiner’s instructions below.
Student A: Time your partner and make sure they speak for one minute.
/P/ Pronunciation: sentence
stress (2)
• We can use stress to contrast
ideas or information.
“Here are your photographs. They show people doing different jobs.
I'd like you to compare the photographs and say what you think the
people might enjoy about doing these jobs."
Which information does Nikolai
contrast in this sentence?
• Anyway, the first photo shows
a man serving people in a
restaurant, whereas in the
second photo a woman is
working with children ...
Listen to the sentence and
underline the stressed words.
What do the peopleenjoy about doing these jobs?
LUUUUUUUUUUU
ft
Decide which words are stressed in
these sentences. Listen and check
your answers. Then practise saying
the sentences with a partner.
• The man’s job may be full-
time, whereas the woman’s is
probably part-time.
• The man can learn how to keep
customers happy,while the
woman has to keep children in
order.
• She’ll probably learn not just to
deal with children, but also their
parents.
• I’d prefer to coach children than
work in a restaurant because,
really, I enjoy beingin the fresh
air more than being indoors.
ft -
o Work alone. Write three sentences to
compare the photos on page 66 and say
which job you think is more difficult.
Use phrases from Exercise 5 in your
sentences. Then work in pairs and take
turns to read your sentences aloud,
using stress to contrast your ideas.
Work in pairs.
Student A: Do the speaking task in
Exercise1on page 66.
Student B: Time your partner and make
sure they speak for one
minute.
• Compare the general differences between the two photos and
also spend time answering the printed question.
• You can talk about one photo first and then the other
(as you saw in Unit 2), or both at the same time (as in
this unit).
Keep speaking till the examiner says ‘Thank you.’
Good job!
Complete the sentences with the words in the
box. In some cases, more than one answer may
be possible.
Grammar
Countable and uncountable nouns
Page 169 Grammar reference
Countable and uncountable nouns
Choose the correct option in italics.
1 Could I have some more informations / information about
the job?
2 I’ve worked as a shop assistant,so I can give you on / some
advice, if you like.
3 My brother’s just landed a work / job as head chef in a top
London restaurant.
4 On our school language exchange, the accommodation was
/ accommodations were with host families.
5 The furnitures / furniture in the office where I work is so old-
fashioned.
6 The football flew through the open window into the living
room but luckily it didn’t do any damage / damages.
7 When we go on holiday,we always take way too many
luggages / much luggage.
8 Everyone loves the band, because they play such fantastic
music / musics.
9 We really enjoyed our stay at the hotel. The staff / staffs
were really friendly and knowledgeable.
)c piece bit deal number amount
of advice about1 Can I give you a
shopping in this town?
2 Duringthe storm,quite a large
of trees were blown down.
3 Have you brought that
equipment I asked for? The amplifier, I mean.
4 I’ve just been given a great
news - I’ve passed my exams!
5 Seb put a great
organising the party.
6 There were a large
the party, judging by the
that was eaten!
of
of
. of effort into
of guests at
of food
Articles
Page 170 Grammar reference
Articles
Match the underlined examples (1-6) from Reading
and Use of English Part 5 with the rules for articles
(a-f ). The first one has been done for you as an
example.
1 Both Jonathan and Simon are 'extreme’
meteorologists.
2 Suddenly, a weather alert pings through on
Jonathan’s phone.
3 This is a region of dry air ...
4 We’ve barely been on the road ten minutes.
5 ... what I can only describe as some of the scariest
conditions I ’ve ever experienced.
6 Within seconds, they’re live on local news,
reporting on the storm.
a No article is used when usinguncountable nouns
in the singular meaning.
b a and an are used with singular countable nouns
mentioned forthe first time.
c the is used when it ’s clear who or what we are
referring to from the context.
d No article is used when talking in general and in
the plural.
e the is used with superlative adjectives
and adverbs.
f the is used with things mentioned before.
o Exam candidates often make mistakes with countable
and uncountable nouns. Underline the uncountable
nouns in each list.
1 accommodation hotel luggage backpack suitcase
2 advice information knowledge assistance suggestion
3 accident bus damage traffic transport
4 air conditioning bed furniture staff
5 dish food meal course
6 homework job task work
7 equipment factory machinery tool
8 cash dollar money wealth
9 sightseeing view scenery landscape
10 instrument music piano orchestra concert
&
Complete the text by writing o, on, the or - if no article
is needed in the gaps.
Reading and Use of English Part 2
•Read the text quite quickly to get a general idea of
what it is about.
•Look at the words before and after the gap and decide
what type of word you need (an article, pronoun,
preposition, etc.).
•When you’ve chosen a word, read the completed
sentence to make sure it makes sense.
I was just 18, and it was (1)
worked in (2) office. It was (3)
holidays and I had just finished (4)
thought it would be (5) good way of earning
(6) bit of money before I went to (7)
university in (8) autumn. I spent most of
(9) day typing (10)
company’s database. Although I found (11)
job rather boring, I earned (12) good salary.
first time I had
summer
school. I
information into the
•Words may sometimes be part of
fixed phrases, e.g. in order to, as far as
I know, etc.
You are going to read an article about people getting
paid to stay in bed. Why do you think someone might
get paid to stay in bed?
Read the article quickly, ignoring the gaps. Who can
take part in the experiment?IM Volunteers wanted!
How would you like to make money by staying
bed? A group of scientists
from France’s Space Medical Institute are looking
for 24 volunteers to take (1)
an experiment which involves lying in bed for 60
days. They want to find out (2)
the effect of having a ‘weightless’ body is on
astronauts and analyse the medical issues they
may suffer (3)
The study is aimed (4)
aged between 20 and 45. Participants mustn’t
have any allergies and must be non-smokers.
paid £10,000 for
participating in the experiment. In addition
spending 60 days in bed, the
to undergo
a series of medical tests before and after the
experiment.
If this sounds (8)
be interested in, you can find further information
on the Space Medical Institute’s website.
in(0)
in
Complete the sentences below with the correct article,
then ask and answer the questions in pairs.
1 What would be a/ the/- perfect job for you?
2 Would you prefer to work for a/ the/- small or large
company?
3 Some people believe that a/ the/- money makes
people happy. Do you agree?
4 Have you ever had a/the/- summer job? What was it?
5 What do you think is a/the/- most difficult job in the
world? Why?
6 Have you ever worked in on/ the/- office?
7 Do you think it is a good idea for young people to get
a/the/- summer jobs? Why? / Why not?
8 At what age do a/the/- people retire in your country?.
9 Would you ever do a/the/- job for no money? Why? /
Why not?
10 Do you enjoy working with a/the/- other people? Why?
/ Why not?
as a result.
volunteers
They will (5)
(6)
volunteers will (7)
something you’d
e For questions 1-8, read the text again and think of the
word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in
each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Good job!
Check or complete your answers using these
clues.
1 a phrasal verb
2 a relative pronoun
3 an preposition
4 a preposition
5 a verb
6 a preposition
7 a verb
8 a synonym forsimilar to
Work in groups. Imagine you have the opportunity
to get paid for taking part in one of the scientific
experiments below. Which would you prefer to do
and why? How much money would you do it for?
• Wear a virtual reality headset for 24 hours
• Give up your smartphone for a week
• Live with a robot fora week
• Drink only water for one month
Writing Part 2: An email or letter
Page 194 Writing Bank
An email or letter
•Read the letter or email in the task carefully and
underline the points you must reply to.
•Use the underlined points to write a plan,
dealing with each point in turn (probably
one in each paragraph).
Write the letter or email, following your plan.v
Read this writing task. Underline the three points you
must deal with in your reply. Work in pairs. Discuss whatyou can say to answer
the three points. Note down your ideas as you
speak.
Write a brief plan for your reply (in note form).
• How many paragraphs do you need?
• What ideas or information will you include in each
paragraph?
You have received an email from an English friend,
Rosie.Read this part of the email.
I’m doinga college project on jobs students do.Can
you help me by describingthe sorts of jobs students
do in your country, any problems they have and the
best way to find a good student job?
Thanks,
Rosie o Read Pablo’s email to Rosie, ignoring the spelling
mistakes, and answer these questions.
1 How does Pablo begin and end his email?
2 How do we know the subject of each of the three
main paragraphs straightaway?
Write your email.
Pablo’s email contains ten spelling mistakes often
made by students. Find and correct the mistakes.
mtAuvAnts
Decide whether these words are spelt correctly
or not. Where they are spelt wrongly, write the
correct spelling.
&
©
ACCOW.W.oAt\t '[ OH.raccomodation
embarrassing
opportunity
confortable
convenient
greatful
believe
environment
necessary
experience
begining
communicate
excellent
forward
preffer
received
recommend
Read the writing task below and:
• underline the points you must deal with in
your answer
• write a short plan.Subject: Re: Jobs for students
HiRosie
You have received an email from your English-
speaking friend, Stephen. Read this part of the
email.
It’s good to hear from you.
In Spain,many students find part-time or casual work as
waiters or kitchen workers in cafes or restaurans quite
easely.Students usually do these sorts of jobs in the
evenings,at weekends or in the summer.
Students who work have two main problems. First,it can
be quite difficult for students to combine employment
with the large amount of homework and studingfor
exams wich they have to do.Second,although they have
to work extremely hard, the jobs are often not well payed.
On the other hand, the money is usefull becaus it helps
them to continue with their corses and gives them some
pocket money.
Finding a job is usually straightforward, especialy if you
live in a bigcity,or in an area which is visited by tourists.
Many places put an advertisment in the window saying
that they are looking for staff, so you just walk in and ask
to speak to the manager. For many people,this is the
most effective way of finding a job because they’ll take
you on immediately!
I hope this helps and good luck with your project.
Cheers,
Pablo
I’m doinga project in college on people’s
first jobs.Can you tell me about the first job
you had? What was it like? Were there any
problems with it? What did you learn from it?
Thanks,
Stephen
Write your email.
Write your email. You should write between
140-190 words.
Good job!
W.V.vIv'
••••••• • •
} •••••» •
SKKWX-r-Xv
HR*V.w
Vocabulary and
grammar review
3 Sandra only goes to lessons because she wants to meet
other students.
ATTEND
If Sandra didn’t want to meet other students,
lessons.
4 I’ll lend you my book if you take care of it.
AFTER
Vocabulary
Complete these sentences by writing a phrasal verb from
page 53 in the correct form in the gaps.
1 It’s getting harder for students to
copying essays from the internet because teachers can
easily check online.
2 Our science teacher is ill, so she has
our test until she has
and is back at work.
3 Piotr works hard because he wants to
his parents’ ambitions for him.
4 When I
, you can borrow it.
5 I can’t tell you the answer because I don’t know.
WOULD
If you
her infection
tell you.
6 He’s not very enthusiastic because he’s tired.
If I
to when I first started SO
secondary school, I realise that I didn’t expect to enjoy
studying chemistry,but it has
quite interesting.
5 When my teacher
If , he’d be more enthusiastic.to be
Word formationmy essay, she
that I hadn’t answered the question
exactly and that there was a lot which was irrelevant. For questions 1-8, read this text. Use the word given in
capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word
thatfits in the gap in the same line. There is an example
at the beginning (0).
o Circle the correct word in italics in these sentences.
1 Mario is thinking of taking driving lessons to know /
learn how to drive.
2 Ludmila wants to know / study biology at university.
3 Sven is teaching / learning me how to ski.
4 If you join / assist this club,you will know / get to know
people from all over the world.
5 You should attend / assist lessons every day if you want
to get high marks.
6 Sayed decided to assist / take part in the debate on
human rights.
It is sometimes said that ‘Your schooldays are the
happiest days of your life’, and people often feel
that this should be a period of
(0) However, exams often
affect students’ happiness, and many students
for alternative
ENJOY
PREFERexpress a (1)
methods of assessment, where the work they do
throughout the year counts towards their final
mark. They say that exams test short-term memory. which is forgotten
immediately after the exam. Also, assessing
coursework as part of the final mark changes
, making them
more responsible about studying. There are some
students, however, who prefer final examinations,
saying that in (4)
only have to work hard for two months a year
and so they have more time for their leisure
. They say that some
Grammar KNOWand (2)
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar
meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do
not change the word given. You must use between two
and five words, including the word given.
1 He won’t pass the test because he doesn’t work hard
enough.
HARDER
If he worked
students' (3) BEHAVE
they COMPARE
ACT(5)
pass the test.
2 Studying abroad will make you more independent.
BECOME
If you
ASSISTstudents receive (6)
their coursework from their parents, so it is not an
of how hard they
with
accurate (7)
have worked or of their real (8) ..
in the subject they are studying.
MEASURE
ABLE
more independent.
• •••MVrrc
:xww;
Vocabulary and
grammar review
5 Aaliyah helped us a lot with her advice.
DEAL
Aaliyah provided us
Vocabulary
Complete the sentences below by writing a word from
the box in the gaps.
helpful advice.
6 William has only spoken to his boss once during the year.
OCCASION
William has only spoken to his boss
year.
0^ Complete these sentences by writing one word in each gap.
In some cases, more than one word may be possible.
1 Drive carefully! I paid a great
for that car.
fun funny job occasion occasion
opportunity possibility work all
1 Andrea’s birthday was a great
won’t forget it for a longtime.
2 Excuse me! I have to get to
already late.
3 Helena, you did an excellent
arranging the meeting so efficiently!
4 My boss has lost his temper on only one
as far as I can remember.
-I
and I’m
of money
2 I heard an interesting of news on the
radio this morning: they’re giving us a day’s holiday next
month.
3 I’d like to offer you a little
don’t go up to the castle at midday as it gets very hot.
of equipment -
of advice:5 I didn’t find working in the office much
because my colleagues weren’t very
4 That ’s a really useless
you should throw it away!
5 There are a large
centre where you can buy souvenirs.
friendly.
6 Olga sees her part in this film as a great
to show she can act in English as well of shops in the town
as in Russian.
7 Polly took us to see a very
made us laugh a lot.
8 I’m sorry,but you have no
more responsible job with your qualifications.
film which 0i Complete this story with the correct article, o, on, the or -
(no article).of gettinga
O # ® O 3
Grammar
I was travelling around Europe by (1)
summer whenI was about 18 years old and I arrived in
city (I can't remember (3)
as it was getting dark. I went looking for somewhere to
stay, such as (4)
I found was full, and they couldn’t recommend
anywhere else for (5)
As usual, Ihad (6)
money: I didn’t have enough for (8) .
I wandered round (9)
park to sleep in. It was very dark when I came to
pair of (12)
into whatlooked like (13)
and fortunately Ihad (14)
bag, which Iunrolled and climbed into. Then I ate some
bread, which was (15)
I woke up and looked around me, Ihad (16)
enormous surprise whenI saw Ihad been sleeping in
someone’s back garden!
train one
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar
meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do
not change the word given. You must use between two
and five words, including the word given.
1 I found my first day at work so enjoyable.
FUN
I had
(2) name) just
youth hostel, but the only one
cheap accommodation.
problem with (7)
hotel.on my first day of work.
2 Were you able to speak to your teacher after class?
OPPORTUNITY
Did you
3 Sophie may be able to study in Canada next year.
POSSIBILITY
Sophie may
city looking for (10)
imposing gates leading
park. I went inside,
excellent sleeping
(11)
to your teacher after class?
only foodIhad. When
. in Canada next year.
4 We didn’t expect the news to be nearly so good.
MUCH
The news
(17)
we expected.
wmrKAV.V.’.viLt••••••
t
M H *
*
Work in groups. Discuss the questions. before travelling to Turkey.
1 Which of these activities do you Simon was asked to learn about the (3) of
think is diving prior to the start of the course.
• the most enjoyable? Simon says his instructor's (4) helped make the
• the most dangerous? group feel more relaxed on the first day.
2 Which have you tried? Which would
you like to try? Why? / Why not? Simon initially had problems with his (5)
swimming pool.
Simon was surprised that his knowledge of (6)
was useful when scuba diving.
Unlike other members of the group, the (7)
didn't bother Simon while going out into open water.
On the final dive of the course, Simon saw (8)
whichhe describes as the best moment of the course.
Simon was able to see the (9)
during the bus ride into town.
Simon recommends (10)
go scuba diving in Turkey.
in the
Listening Part 2
Work in pairs. You are going to hear
a man called Simon Lewis giving a
talk about scuba diving in Turkey.
Before you listen, read the text and
discuss what type of information (a
date, a job, a place etc.) you need for
each gap.
in the distance
as the best time to
4 The Summer Olympics is a sportingevent that is
in a different city every four years.•Before you listen, look at the incomplete sentences,
including any words which come after the gap.
•Think about what type of information you need for
each gap (a date, a job, etc.).
•Think about what type of word(s) you need
for each gap (a noun or noun phrase, a
verb, an adjective, etc.).
5 On the final evening,Mehmet
dinner for us all at a restaurant in town.
a
in a charity football match last
money to
6 I
month and was asked to
the local animal shelter.
Complete the sentences with a verb from the table
below. More than one answer may be possible.
|| Listen and complete the sentences with a word or short
phrase.
Read the instructions below and discuss your ideas
in pairs.
1 I think local governments should
competitions for schools in their area in which any
student over 15 can
2 I would encourage people to
swimming two or three times a week because it ’s an
excellent way of
0
exercise.
3 People who enjoy team sports often
basketball or football, whereas people who enjoy
athletics or
Imagine that a company is planning a
team-building event for some of their
staff . Here are some ideas they’re thinking
about and a question for you to discuss.
individual sports
cycling.
verb sport
a race / a competition
/ a tournament / a
championship
dark diningescape room hold / organise / compete
in / enter / take part in
Why might
the company
choose these
activities?
do / take exercise
jogging / cycling / skiing
/ swimming / hiking /
mountain biking
go*
geocaching karaoke night
play** football / golf / basketball
athletics / gymnastics /
judo / weightlifting
* for sports that end in -ing and are usually or often done
outdoors
* * for sports which are considered games
for other sports which do not use go or play
do***paintballing
Vocabulary
Verb collocations with activities
***
Complete the sentences with a word from the box in
the correct form. There may be more than one possible
answer.
Work in pairs.
• What sports do you enjoy playing?
• Have you ever entered a competition? What did
you do?compete in donate divide up hold
go organise take part in
1 My name’s Simon Lewis and I would like to tell you
about a scuba diving course that I
last month.
2 I usually
the weather is cooler.
running in the evening when
3 On the second day,we were into two
groups and headed out on boats for the first of four
open-water dives.
High adventure
Reading and Use of English Part 6
^ Work in pairs. You are going to read an article by a
former club runner who has discovered a new event.
First, read the title and the subheading in italics. What
do you expect to find out by reading the article?
Read the article carefully and make a short note in
the margin about the subject of each paragraph.
An example has been done for you.
Looking for something
a little different?
Try a Tough Mudder.
I’ve been into running since I was a child. At 14, I was one of the best
runners in my city and found myself competing in races all over the
country. WhenI turned 18, 1 ran my first half-marathon and loved it. I
then ran my first full marathon last year. I was pleased to have done
it, but the hours of training that I’d had to do in preparation for the
race had left me somewhat bored with running on the road. 1
So when I read about a brand new challenge that involved running,
I jumped at the chance. Tough Mudders’, as they are known, are a
growing trend in racing.Competitors have to overcome a number of
obstacles on a muddy course, which is designed to push you both
physically and mentally.Unsurprisingly, it was advertised as the
ultimate test of endurance, so I just knew I had to give it a try.
Being unfamiliar with this format of running, I wanted to find out more
about it. I spoke to a few people who’d already competed in a Tough
Mudder.They told me what to expect, which helped me identify how
best to organise my preparation. 2
shape and would hopefully set a good time. Unfortunately for me, this
was like nothing else I’d done before.
Running on mud is a lot more difficult than running on the road
and, at around 15 kilometres, the races are a real ordeal. If that’s
not challenging enough, each course tends to feature around 25
obstacles. The first obstacle was pretty daunting: competitors had
to climb a six-metre wooden wall with the aid of a rope. Sadly, this
turned out to be one of the easiest along the course.By far the most
difficult was one where you had to crawl along watery, muddy ground.
That may not sound like much, but there are live electrical wires
hanging over you as you work your way through it. 3
as long as you follow the rules, you’ll be ok.
To ensure that none of the competitors come to any harm, there are
a number of volunteers on hand throughout the course to ensure that
obstacles are tackled correctly and safely. They aren’t the only people
there to support you. 4
really helps you stay motivated and gives you an extra energy boost
when you start feeling tired.
At times, I felt I just wasn’t fit enough to get through all the challenges.
This was particularly the case a few minutes into the race. 5 j
I also picked up a strain to my leg, and I was in some discomfort.
Despite that, I kept going, even though I risked injuring myself further.
I’ve always been capable of applying my willpower and usually have a
strong desire to win, but this was probably one of the most exhausting
experiences of my life. [_6
finally finished the race and felt a real sense of achievement at having
overcome such a physically and mentally challenging competition.
I’m now having a well-earned rest. However, I know that I’ll be
desperate to get out there again and will be taking part in another
Tough Mudder as soon as my legs have recovered.
pve.oiouPark talks about his experience of
Tough Mudder, the ultimate test of stamina,
skill and endurance.
So I felt that I was in good
However,
Joining forces with other competitors
Nevertheless, I was delighted when I
Grammar
•Look for words and phrases in the sentences which you
think refer to something in the article.
* Look at the words on either side of the gap. What do
they tell you about what the missing sentence will be
about?
Infinitive and verb + -ing
Page 171Grammar reference
Infinitive and verb + -ing
These sentences from the article are examples of when
to use the infinitive and when to use the verb + -ing
form. Match the sentences (a-j) with the rules (1-10)
below. Some sentences match more than one rule.
a There are a number of volunteers on hand at various
points throughout the course to ensure that obstacles
are tackled correctly and safely.
b Not finishing the course was simply not an option
forme.
c The first obstacle appeared to be fairly
straightforward on first viewing.
d I spoke to many people who’d already taken part to
find out more about what to expect.
e At times,I felt I just wasn’t fit enough to get through
all the challenges.
f I’ve always been capable of applying my will power
and usually have a strong desire to win.
g At one point, I even asked not to have my photo
taken because I was so drained and completely
covered in mud.
h Being so out of breath so early on was unusual for
someone with my level of fitness.
i As far as I’m concerned,it’s not worth turning up to
these types of events if you’ve not trained beforehand.
j I kept going even though I risked injuring myself
further.
•Read the sentences and find one that fits the meaning.
•Check that it links with both the sentence
before and the sentence after. Pay attention
to pronouns (we, that; it, etc.), conjunctions
(Ihowever; even so, etc.) and other
reference words in the sentences.
o Read the sentences below and underline words and
phrases which refer to a specific part of the text.
A I enjoyed training hard and pushing myself that little
bit further than usual.
B Being so out of breath so early on was unusual for
someone with my level of fitness.
C Not finishing the course was simply not an option
for me.
D Understandably,people have called the safety - and
even the legality - of these obstacles into question.
E I realised that I needed to try something new.
F I discovered that teamwork was also a really
useful strategy.
G At one point, I even asked not to have my photo
taken because I was so drained and completely
covered in mud.
o The six sentences have been removed from the article.
Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each
gap. There is one extra sentence which you do not need
to use.
The infinitive is used:
1 to say why you do something
2 to say why something exists
3 after too and enough
4 after these verbs:agree, appear,
ask, arrange, decide,expect,
hesitate, fail, help, promise
Sentence A
Sentence
Sentence^ Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
• Would you like to take part in a Tough Mudder
competition? Why? / Why not?
• Do you think it’s important to challenge yourself when
doing sports? Why? / Why not?
• Do you prefer team sports or individual sports? Why?
Which do you find easier? Give reasons.
Work in groups.
Design your own Tough Mudder course.Think of at
least five obstacles competitors have to overcome and
a prize for the winner. Then compare your obstacles
with the class and decide who has created the most
challenging course.
Sentences
5 The negative is formed by placing
not before the infinitive.
The verb + -ing is used:
6 after prepositions
7 as subjects or objects of a verb
8 after these verbs:admit,enjoy,
finish, involve, mind, postpone,
risk,suggest
9 after these expressions: it’s no good,
it ’s not worth, it ’s no use, it ’s a waste
of time,spend time,can’t help
10 The negative is formed by placing
not before the verb + - ing
Sentence
Sentence
Sentence
Sentence
Sentence
Sentence
High adventure
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
verb in brackets.
o Exam candidates often make mistakes with the
infinitive and verb + -ing. Find and correct the mistakes
in the sentences. Some sentences are correct.
1 Students are not allowed running along school
corridors.
2 Few people choose spending their time taking
exercise.
3 The internet makes us spend more time sitting at
home,but we cannot imagine to live without it.
4 Being fit and healthy does not mean to run 20 km a
day.
5 Many students would prefer to cycle to school than go
by school bus.
6 Many people only think about take exercise when they
are overweight.
7 Unless they try to compete as a team, they will not
succeed to win the competition.
8 Doing a sport is a good alternative if you are bored to
sit and read a book.
9 It may be better to use a bicycle instead of going by
public transport.
10 There are several good reasons for ride a bike.
© !
1 Carlos has suggested
side football team. What do you think?
(start) a five-a
2 I don’t think the weather is good enough
(go) sailing this afternoon.
3 We’ve decided
in the morning before it gets too hot.(hold) the race early
(train) is essential if you want to4
perform well as an athlete.
5 I’ve joined a gym
6 I don’t mind
the gym because it gives me more energy during the
day.
7 It’s no good
you’re not wearing the right shoes.
8 She was disqualified from the race for
(push) an opponent.
(get) myself fitter.
(get up) early to go to
(run) in a marathon if
Reading and Use of English Part 4
•Use the word in CAPITALS without changing it.
•Count the words. Contractions (isn't, don't, etc.)
count as two words. You must write between two
and five words.Note that can7 is an exception
and counts as one word.
•Read both sentences again at the end to
check that they mean the same and
contain all the same information/ideas.
Work in pairs. For questions 1and 2, choose the correct
answer A-D. Why are the other answers incorrect?
1 Why don’t we start running if we want to train for the
competition?
TAKING
He suggested
in order to train for the competition.
A that they should take up running
B taking up running
C to take up running
D going running
2 She climbed the mountain without difficulty.
EASY
She found
the mountain.
A it easy to climb
B that it was easy to climb
C she could easily climb
D it simple to climb
Choose the correct option in italics.
1 What sport would you advise someone to do / doing in
order to make friends?
2 What sport would you choose to learn / learning if you
had plenty of time and money?
3 If someone needed to get fit,what sport would you
suggest to do / doing1
4 What sports do you avoid to take partin / taking part
in and why?
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in
Exercise 3, giving your opinions.
Now do these Part 4 questions. Use the clues below
each question to help you.
4 Mateo managed to win the race.
SUCCEEDED
Mateo
race.
the1 Marianne prepared forthe race by training every
evening.
READY
Marianne trained every evening
5 ‘I’ll never get angry with the referee again,’ said
Martin.
TEMPER
Martin promised never
for the race.
• Can you think of an expression with ready which
means prepare!
• Why did Marianne train every evening?
• Do you use the verb + -ing or an infinitive to say why
you do something?
the referee
again.
6 Tanya found windsurfing easy to learn.
DIFFICULTY
Tanya
windsurf.
Check your answers by looking at these clues for each
of the questions in Exercise 3.
1 Did you use a fixed phrase which means participate?
2 Have you used an opposite of cheap? Did you use an
infinitive or a verb + - ing?
3 Did you use an expression which means to phone
someone?
4 Managed is followed by an infinitive. Is succeeded
also followed by an infinitive? Do you also need a
preposition?
5 Can you remember an expression with temper which
means become angry?
6 You cannot write didn't have any difficulty in learning,
because it ’s seven words.
2 I found itimpossible not to laugh at his efforts.
HELP
to
at hisI
efforts.
• You need an expression with help which means find it
impossible.
• The expression with help needs to be in the same
tense as the first sentence.
• Do you use the verb + -ing or an infinitive after this
expression?
3 Cycling on the pavement is prohibited.
USE
Cyclists
pavement.
• How do you use allowed to mean its prohibited?
• Do you use the verb + - ing or an infinitive after
allowed?
For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so
that it has a similar meaning to thefirst sentence, using
the word given. Do not change the word given. You
must use between two and five words, including the
word given.
the
1 We’d like all our students to participate in the sports
programme.
PART
We are keen on all our students
the sports
programme.
2 Buying the equipment for this sport is cheaper than
hiring it.
MORE
It’s the
equipment for this sport than to buy it.
3 You should have phoned her to tell her the game was
cancelled.
GIVE
You were supposed
to tell her
the game was cancelled.
High adventure
5 What does Karen say about the 360-degree turn?
A She wasn’t expecting it to happen.
B She had been looking forward to it.
C She felt unwell as a result of doing it.
6 When the plane landed, Karen was
A amazed at how quickly the time had passed.
B proud of what she had just done.
C relieved to be back on the ground.
7 What are Karen’s plans for the future?
A to write a blog series about wing walking
B to train to become a professional wing walker
C to start her own wing walking company
Listening Part 4
• You have one minute to read the questions before you
listen.
•Read the main part of each question
carefully first and underline the key words.
If you have time, go back and read the
options for each question.
Work in pairs. Look at the photo and discuss the
questions.
• Do you think wing walking is a risky sport?
• What uses can you think of forthis skill other than
sport?
• Would you like to try it? Why? / Why not?
Listen and choose the best answer (A, B or C).
A
Vocabulary
look, see and watch; listen and hear
Exam candidates often confuse the words look,see and
watch, and listen and hear. Complete these sentences
from Listening Part 4 with these words in the correct
form.
&
1 I struggled
2 Finally, I managed to settle in and
around at the amazing scenery.
properly at first.
You will hear a radio interview with Karen Bradley, talking
about her experience of wing walking. Before you listen,
read and underline the main idea in each question.
1 What made Karen try wing walking?
A A friend bought the experience for her as a gift.
B A friend persuaded her to do it.
C She wanted to prove a friend wrong.
2 How did Karen feel on the morningof the wing walk?
A She was concerned about the weather conditions.
B She doubted whether she could go through with it.
C She felt that she hadn’t done enough preparation.
3 When talking about what she would be doing during the
wing walk,Karen suggests that
A she would have the same experience as air show
performers.
B she was disappointed that she wouldn’t be able to
move about freely.
C she might find it difficult to cope with the plane’s
movements.
3 A little disoriented,I shouted ‘Fine,’ forgetting he
me - though I wasprobably couldn’t
feeling anything but!
4 As the plane pulled up,I
changed to sky and back to fields again.
5 I follow loads of the pros on social media,watching
them practise and perform,and
their interviews.
as the fields
to
Choose the correct option in italics.
(•) 1 What type of films do you really enjoy looking at /
watching?
2 Do you enjoy hearing / listening to music while you
study?
3 What photos do you normally like to look at / watch
when browsing social media?
4 Is looking at / watching TV or streaming movies the
best thing for people to do in their spare time?
5 What famous monuments did you watch / see the last
time you went on holiday?
6 Do you find it easy to do things when someone is
looking / watching you?
7 Do you always listen to / hear your mobile phone when
it rings?
8 Is it popular for people to watch / see sport on TV in
your country?
4 During the first part of the wing walk,Karen was
aware of
A the need to reassure the pilot.
B how emotional she was becoming.
C a loss of feeling in her arms.
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in
Exercise 2.
Find the words and phrases in Exercise 2 which mean
the following.
1 often; frequently
2 advantage
3 not havingenough of something
4 chance
5 make someone not want
to do something
6 being comfortable or healthy
Speaking Part 3
Page 209 Speaking Bank
Speaking Part 3
Before you start this section, look at the work you did
on Speaking Part 3 on pages 37-38.
Work in pairs. Read the examiner’s instructions and the
speaking task below. Then match the exam candidate’s
responses (a-e) with the five ideas.
o Look at the checklist. Then listen to Simon and Maria
do the speaking task from Exercise 2. Which of the
things on the checklist do they do?
“ I’d like you to talk about something together for
about two minutes. Some people think that everyone
should spend more of their free time playing sports,
and other people disagree. Here are some things they
think about and a question for you to discuss. Now
talk to each other about whether everyone should
spend more of their free time playing sports.”
no
Talk about all of the points.1
Listen to each other and respond to
what the other person says.2
Ask each other’s opinion.3
socialising
with other
people
improving
health and
fitness
Interrupt each other.4
A/ Should
people
spend more
of their free
time playing
sports?
Try to speak more than the
other student.5
Match the phrases Simon and Maria use with their
correct function. Write A, B, C or D. Then listen again
and check.
A suggesting ideas
B asking your partner ’s opinion
C agreeing
D disagreeing
Absolutely!
Don’t you agree?
I couldn’t agree more.
I guess you’re right.
In my view ...
I suppose so,but...
That’s a really good point.
That’s not always the case...
To be honest,I think...
What do you think about ...?
What are your thoughts on this?
developing
important
skills
cost of playing
sports
having enough
time and
energy
a Playing sports is a great way to meet up with friends
and teammates.
b Some people might be put off by how expensive it can
be to play sport on a regular basis.
c People may lack the motivation to go out and
play sports,particularly after a long day at school
or at work.
d Most sports involve a lot of exercise,which improves
both your physical and mental well-being.
e It ’s a good opportunity to learn new skills which
you can use in other areas of life, such as at school
or at work.
High adventure
/P/ Pronunciation: intonation (2)
impact on the
environmentcostYou will make a good impression in the exam if you
sound interested and enthusiastic about what you
discuss.You can use intonation to show your interest.
Listen to how the voices rise and fall on the
highlighted words.
Simon: And me! I actually think this is one the
biggest reasons why people don’t do enough
exercise. The temptation to chill out at home
after a busy day is just too high.OK,so what
do you think about the idea that playing
sport helps you to develop important skills?
Maria: I think that’s a really important point. It’s a
good opportunity to learn new skills which
you can use in other areas of life,such as
at school or at work. Things like teamwork
and leadership skills are a big part of sport
and these can easily be transferred to our
everyday lives.Don’t you agree?
Now work in pairs and read the extract aloud. Take
turns as Simon and Maria.
v\Should
people spend
more time
travelling
to other
countries?
understanding
other cultures time
r
improving
communication
skills
e Now follow the examiner’s instructions for the second
part of Speaking Part 3.
“Now you have a minute to decide what you think is
the most important reason when deciding whether totravel to another country."
Work in pairs. Follow the examiner’s instructions for the
second part of Speaking Part 3.
Writing Part 2: An article
Page 196 Writing Bank
An article
Read this writing task. Underline the points you must
deal with in your answer.
“Now you have a minute to decide what the best
reason is for people to spend more of their free time
playing sport."
•When you discuss the first part of the task, you don't
need to talk about all of the options, but you should
make suggestions, ask your partner’s opinion and
respond to your partner’s ideas.
•When you discuss the second part of the task, it’s not
necessary to reach agreement, but you should:
- discuss which option(s) to choose and give reasons
for choice(s)
- listen and respond to what your partner
says. Don’t be afraid to disagree politely
as this can lead to a good discussion.
You see this notice on your college noticeboard.
The editors of the college magazine would like
contributions to the magazine on the following
subject:
A great way to keep fit
Describe a sporting activity or form of exercise
you enjoy,how you started and why you would
recommend it to other people.
The writer of the best article will receive ten tickets
to the local cinema.
Write your article.
Work in pairs. Take about two minutes to do the first
part of the speaking task below. e Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
• How could you express ideas to deal with the points
you have underlined in the task?
• Which ideas would you use in your article?
Read the article and answer the question.
• What does the writer enjoy about his way of taking
exercise? Why?
“ I’d like you to talk about something together for
about two minutes. Some people think that everyone
should spend more time travelling to other countries.
Here are some things they think about and a question
for you to discuss. First you have some time to look
at the task. Now, talk to each other about whether
people should spend more time travelling to other
countries."
Study how the writer uses the words in the box in the
article. Then complete the sentences below with the
correct form of the words.
•#•4 Q
Rugby:
rough but fun athletic coach competitive opponents
rough spectators trophy
I love playing rugby. I started playing the game at school
when I was thirteen years old. It was compulsory to do a
sport three afternoons a week, so I chose to play rugby. I
immediately found I enjoyed it, despite not being as big
as other students my age. However. I was quite athletic,
so I could often run past my opponents and score points
by being more agile than them.
Although it's quite a rough game with complicated rules,
it keeps you fit because you have to run for 80 minutes.
It also means you have to train several times a week.
For people who are competitive and enjoy playing in
a team, it's great fun. You can play it at any level, but if
you want to win a trophy, you'll need someone to coach
you so that you learn the best tactics and learn to work
effectively together.
Although you can sometimes get hurt, I would
recommend the game to anyone who enjoys ball
games, running and keeping fit. However, if you decide
you don't want to actually play, it's a great sport for
spectators as well.
1 Although Valerie enjoys
prefers exercising on her own.
2 Ice hockey is a
often get hurt.
3 If I was more
with my training so much.
4 Our
champions.
5 We need someone to
that they learn to play better.
6 Few
they take place in remote areas.
7 We’re rated as one of the top teams,despite never
having won a single
Now write your own answer to the writing task in
Exercise 1.
• Before you start writing, make a brief plan.
• Try to use structures and vocabulary you have studied
in this writingsection and this unit.
• Write between 140 and 190 words.
• Read through your article when you have finished to
improve it and to check it for mistakes.
sports, she
game where players
, I wouldn’t struggle
for the next match are last year ’s
our team so
watch adventure sports because
Look at the structure of the article. In which paragraph
does the writer deal with these points?
1 Describe a sporting activity.
2 How he started.
3 Why he would recommend it.
Study how the underlined words in the article are used.
Then complete the sentences with although, despite or
however.
Write a plan before you start writing the article.
•Organise your ideas into paragraphs, and use linking
words such as however, despite, in addition, for
example and on the other hand.
•Before you write, think about what the
people reading the article will find
interesting, enjoyable or useful.
• Write a plan by underlining all the points
you must deal with.
the swimmingpool is quite far from
where I live, I try to go there three times a week.
being given tickets to the football
match, we decided to watch it on TV.
I’d love to be a professional
footballer, I don’t think I’m talented enough.
4 She was very easy to talk to,
famous tennis star.
1
2
3
beinga
5 Ten percent of British teenagers dream of becoming
, very few will achievesports stars
their ambition.
6 I won the game
badminton before.
I’d never played
feeling very tired,she managed to7
finish the race.
8 I didn’t enjoy the match because we lost.
, our opponents played very well.
High adventure
Dream of the stars
Starting off
You are going to read a forum thread where users
talk about the different types of films they watch.
Before you read, discuss the questions in pairs.
1 What ’s the best film you’ve ever seen?
2 What ’s the most interestingdocumentary
you’ve watched recently?
3 What ’s the most memorable sporting event
you’ve ever seen/been to?
4 What ’s the best concert you’ve ever been to?
Work in groups. Look at the photos and compare these
different types of celebrities. Talk about:
• income/money
• preparation and training
• length of career
• the advantages and disadvantages of being famous.
If you could be a celebrity, what type would you like to
be? Why?
Read questions 1-10 and underline the main idea in each question.
Which person ...
1 tends to alternate between different
genres of films?
2 understands the limitations of certain
types of films?
3 was hesitant about their preferred form
of film at first?
4 prefers films that help them to relax?
5 explains how their taste in films has
changed overtime?
6 describes the steps they take before
watching a film to avoid disappointment?
7 says that the films they watch helps them
to socialise with other people?
8 is often disappointed by their choice of films?
9 feels that their taste in films is shared
by the general public?
10 believes that the element of surprise is what
makes their choice of films appealing?
Now read the thread. For questions 1-10, choose from the people (A-E). Each person may be chosen more than once.
6• 4
Describe your taste in films
A
A @alex ©francescoB
My friends often shake their heads at my taste in films. The
truth is, if I'm going to spend two hours in front of a TV, I
want it to be for something light-hearted that allows me to
put my feet up after a long day and switch off for a couple of
hours. I enjoy a good blockbuster with a huge budget and a
happy ending, and if you add to the mix a famous cast, a few
hilarious punchlines and some decent special effects, that’s
really all I need. And judging by the huge audiences these films
get at the box office, it would seem that I’m not alone.
I ’m really into psychological thrillers- the sort of films that are gripping
from beginning to end and aren’t predictable in the slightest. I love the
suspense and tension that directors manage to build up, and there’s nothing
more impressive than an unexpected twist at the end. You think you’ve got
it all figured out and then suddenly, in just one scene, the whole film turns
on its head. That's why I desperately try not to read spoilers before going
to see a film as it can really ruin the whole experience. I even go as far as
a total social media blackout as soonas a film or show is released just so I
don't inadvertently find out the ending of something I intend to see. JREPLY REPLY
D ©sophie @nina
I'm a huge fan of plays and musicals. My
friends and I go to the theatre once every
month or two, and I find the experience
stunning every time. So when it comes to
choosing a film to watch, I go for musicals,
although I always hesitate before pressing
’play'. While I appreciate that more can be
done from a visual point of view, I always end
up being let down by these films, even when
they are well received by expert critics. I
guess it 's not really fair to expect a screen to
recreate the experience you get from being in
the audience, watching the action on stage. I
would imagine it’s the same as the difference
between watching a football match on TV
and being a spectator inside the stadium,
although I wouldn't know, to be honest.
I always go through phases where I' ll binge-
watch one type of film, and then move on to
another type. At the moment I'm hooked on
documentary films. I’d always found the idea
of watching these unappealing, thinking they
must all be boring and heavy going like the ones
our teachers used to show us. In fact, when I
watched my first documentary, I was in for a
very pleasant surprise, at least as far as modern
documentaries are concerned. There is plenty of
quality content on most streaming platforms and
they tend to be both informative and entertaining
at the same time. The themes covered are so
wide-ranging and cater to a variety of different
tastes. They're fantastic conversation-starters,
which is serving me well with making friends at
university.
I don’t really have the patience to
sit through a three-hour film these
days- not even from the comfort of
my own home, let alone in a cinema.
I tend to opt for shorter ones which
don't run for more than about ninety
minutes. I guess I used to go for
films that had complex storylines or
which were based on real events,
such as crime or political dramas.
These sort of films get incredibly
confusing and I sometimes get
bored and feel like giving up.
Nowadays I'd much rather watch a
shorter film with a more simple plot
than commit to something I know I
won’t manage to get through.
REPLY REPLY REPLY'J
Dream of the stars
^ Match the words and phrases in bold (1-9) with the
definitions (a-i).
Vocabulary
Describing entertainment
Would you rather watch something that lets you
(1) switch off or somethingthat keeps you (2) on the
edge of your seat?
What types of entertainment usually get you
(3) hooked? Do you sometimes (4) binge-watch a TV
series or TV show?
Do you enjoy films with a (5) twist at the end?
Do you prefer watchingTV series with episodes that
always end in a (6) cliffhanger, or more (7) light-
hearted TV shows,even if they are (8) reruns?
Is there a TV show you need to (9) catch up on at the
moment?
Complete the table with the adjectives from Reading
and Use of English Part 7 in the box.
complex confusing gripping heavy-going
hilarious impressive light-hearted predictable
stunning unappealing unexpected
bothpositive negative
a addicted
b a TV show being aired again after the first time
c relax
d an unexpected event
e not very serious
f very excited,engaged
g watch a lot of episodes in onego
h watch somethingthat ’s already been aired but you
haven’t seen yet
i an exciting and unresolved ending that makes you
want to know what happens next
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in
Exercise 3.
Look at the list below and choose something you
enjoyed and something you didn’t enjoy. Use the
adjectives in Exercise 1to describe them to a partner.
• A book you have read recently
• A film you saw at the cinema
• A TV show you have been watching
• A play or musical you went to see at the theatre
p/ay,performance and acting;audience, ( the)
public and spectators;scene and stage
Exam candidates often confuse these words: play,
performance and acting; audience,public and
spectators ; scene and stage. Choose the correct option
in italics in each of these sentences. Then check your
answers by looking at the texts on page 85 again.
1 You think you’ve got it all figured out and then
suddenly, in just one play/scene, the whole film turns
on its head.
2 I’m a huge fan of performance/plays and musicals.
3 I guess it’s not really fair to expect a screen to recreate
the experience you get from being in the theatre in the
public/audience, watching the action on stage/scene.
4 I would imagine it ’s the same as the difference
between watching a football match on TV and being a
public/spectator inside the stadium...
5 I realise that the acting/play in these tends to be a bit
hit and miss ...
&
^ Look at the photos. Then complete the sentences with a word from
the box. Use each word only once.
Grammar
at, in and on to express location
acting audience performance play
the public scene spectators stage Page 172 Grammar reference
at, in and on to express location
Exam candidates often confuse at , in and on
when saying where something can be found.
Complete these sentences from Reading
and Use of English Part 7 with the correct
preposition.
1 They’re fantastic conversation-starters as
well, which is serving me well with making
university.
2 There is plenty of quality content
most streaming
platforms and they tend to be both
informative and entertaining at the
same time.
3 I don’t really have the patience to sit
through a three-hour film these days - not
even from the comfort of my own home let
alone
1 The garden in all its glory is now open to
2 He wrote his latest
3 The thingI enjoy most about
work in films on location.
4 She gave a superb
to win an Oscar.
5 The
act.
6 The actor forgot what he was supposed to say in the final
of the play.
7 The show ended with all the performers singing on
together.
8 He broke the world 400-metres record in front of over 40,000
cheering.
in under six weeks.
&is the chance to
in the leading role and went on
were clearly delighted with the magician’s
friends
Work in pairs. The photographs show people performing in
different locations. Take turns comparing the photos and say what
the people are enjoying about performing in these locations.
a cinema.
Complete the sentences with at, in or on.
(•} 1 Every Sunday,we got up early and went
fora walk
What are the people in the audience
enjoying about these performances? the mountains.
2 Every year,many people are injured
the roads because of
dangerous driving.
3 I am studying English
school, and a spell in your country would
be a great chance for me to improve my
speaking skills.
4 I think that your cinema is the best
the city.
5 I was alone
parents were
my sister was
house.
6 Despite spending an hour a
day commuting, I prefer living
the outskirts of London.
7 The seaside is the ideal place for a family
holiday because children can swim
the sea as well as play
the beach.
8 Our next destination was Italy,where
we spent a week
seaside.
9 The journey was a good one, and I met an
thetrain.
home- my
.... a party and
a friend’s
the
old friend
10 You can waste a lot of time
a car
traffic jams.
Dream of the stars
^ Work in groups. Discuss these questions.
• Having listened to Mark, would you like to be a
personal chef? Why / Why not?
• Imagine you are a celebrity. What dishes would you
ask your personal chef to prepare?
Listening Part 2
• Be careful to choose the right information from what
you hear, e.g. if you need to write a type of job in the
gap, the speaker will probably mention other jobs
which are not the correct answer.
•Write exactly the word(s) you hear without changing
them in any way.
• Read the completed sentences to make
sure the words fit grammatically and
match what the speaker said. Try to
complete every gap, even if you’re not
^^ sur^wha^houldg^hera
Work in pairs. You willhear a man called Mark King
talking about his work as a personal chef for celebrities.
Before you listen, read the sentences and decide:
• what sort of information you needspecific information,relationship, topic,
agreement, etc.
Part 1A conversation between the examiner (the
‘interlocutor’) and each candidate (spoken questions).
Part 2 An individual Tong turn’ for each candidate,with
a brief response from the second candidate (visual and
written stimuli,with spoken instructions).
Part 3 A discussion question with five written prompts.
Part 4 A discussion on topics related to Part 3 (spoken
questions).
Candidates are expected to be able to
respond to questions and to interact in
conversational English.
Speaking
14 minutes
A family affair
Listening Part 1
•In Listening Part 1, you listen to people talking in eight
different situations, which may be either conversations
between people, or just one person speaking.
• You answer one question for each situation by
choosing A, B or C.
• This part tests your ability to understand
a variety of things, including the general
idea being expressed, a detail, a reason
ora purpose.
Work in pairs. You will hear people talking in eight
different situations. Before you listen, read questions
1-8 and underline the main ideas in each. The first one
has been done for you.
1 You hear a woman talking to her brother about an old
family photo. What is she doing?
A making fun of his fashion sense
B explaining how alike they are
C complaining about his pose
2 You hear a man talking to a woman about the sale of
his family home. What upsets him about his parents’
decision?
A leaving behind a piece of family history
B having to find a new house
C being far away from his friends
3 You hear a woman talking about her childhood.
The woman remembers her bedtime routine as
A crazy.
B irritating.
C tiring.
Starting off
Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
• What aspects of family life does each of the photos show?
• What might the people in the pictures be sayingor thinking?
• How are each of these aspects of family life important?
• How important is it for families to spend time together?
Why?
• Imagine a photo of your own family life and describe it to
your partner.
4 You hear a woman talking about her experience of
working from home. How does she feel about it?
A concerned about not seeing her colleagues
B pleased to be spending less money on travel
C surprised that she’s become more efficient
5 You hear a journalist talking about an article he has
written on family life. What point is he making about
the article?
A It is based on his own experiences.
B People’s reaction to it surprised him.
C He hoped it would be beneficial to families.
6 You hear a woman talking to her father about her new
job. What does the woman feel pleased about?
A the paid holiday allowance
B the flexible working hours
C the working environment
7 You hear part of a conversation about buying presents.
The man is annoyed because
A he hasn’t bought any presents for his family yet.
B he has to buy presents for people he may not see.
C his relatives sometimes surprise him with
unexpected gifts.
8 You hear two friends talking about a presentation
they’ve just attended. What do they agree about the
presenter?
A He was able to keep the audience engaged.
B He explained complicated ideas clearly.
C He displayed good time-management skills.
Vocabulary
Phrasal verbs
Read the extracts from Listening Part 1and match the
highlighted phrasal verbs (1-6) to their definitions (a-f).
1 It s only a one-hour drive to the city, but it does moke it
trickier to hang out with her friends who live there.
2 Quite a few people have got in touch to say how helpful
they found it, which is what I was counting on, really . . .
3 They've caught me offguard a few times,so now I have
to have a few extra presents, just in case, to avoid it
turning into an embarrassing situation.
4 The data he presented was so surprising; I thought he
was making it up at first.
5 My dad would grab a worn-out football made of foam
and play with me in the tiny hall of the flat. Wed carry
on playing for ages!
6 There are a few people in my family who think it ’s
hilarious to say they 're not coming, then turn up for
lunch and go: ‘Surprise! ’
a rely on;depend on
b continue
c become;transform
Complete the sentences with a phrasal verb from
Exercise 1.
1 In what situations do children
2 Do you think parents should ...
their children financially when they are adults? Why /
why not?
3 What do you usually do when you
family over the holidays?
4 Do you like it when friends or family
your house unexpectedly? Why / Why not?
5 At what points in your life might you
your family and friends for support?
6 How do discussions between friends sometimes
arguments?
Take turns to ask and answer the questions in
Exercise 2.
d arrive; appear
e spend time with someone
f invent; lie
excuses?
supporting
Listen and choose the best answer (A, B or C). your
0 ato Work in pairs. Correct the mistakes in the questionnaire.
•ill 90% linfil
0Q questionnaire
1 You have any embarrassing family photos?
2 You ever moved house with your family?
^
What your family used to do to make you fall asleep when
you were a child?
^ What’s the best present you have ever receive from your
* friends or family?
5 There is anything you do with your family every week?
6 Does anyone in your family a really interesting job?
7 You used to fight with your siblings when you were children?
Take turns to ask and answer questions 1-7 in Exercise 3.
A family affair I
Reading and Use of English Part 6
0 Work in groups. Discuss the questions.
1 What would the perfect wedding be for you?
Think about:
• food
• location
• music
• number of guests
• venue
2 Some people hire a wedding planner to help
them organise their wedding. Using the
adjectives in exercises1and 2, what are the
best and worst characteristics of a wedding
planner? Why?
3 What kinds of things can go wrong at a
wedding?
Read the article carefully, ignoring the gaps.
What is Sophie’s problem?
• In Reading and Use of English Part 6, you read
a text of 500-600 words with six gaps where
sentences have been removed.
• You choose one sentence from a list of seven
sentences (A-G) for each gap; there is one
sentence you will not need.
•This part tests your ability to understand
the structure of the text, how the argument
develops and how ideas in the sentences
A-G refer and link to ideas in the text.
Work in pairs. You are going to read an article about a
wedding. Before you read, write these adjectives in the
correct column below.
oft-xious bad-tempered bossy bright
considerate dishonest enthusiastic
hard-working impatient mature
organised polite quiet reserved responsible
sensitive unreliable wise
o Six sentences have been removed from the
article. Choose from the sentences (A-G) the
one which fits each gap (1-6). There is one extra
sentence which you do not need. Underline the
key words and phrases in the sentences before
and after each gap to help you. The first one has
been done for you.
A I don't think this should be too hard to
arrange, but it’s yet another thing to have to
keep in mind.
B We love our families dearly, but they’re all so
different in their own ways that this is proving
way harder than we’d anticipated.
C He has gone to great lengths to ensure he can
be there,despite how busy he is with work.
D Perhaps that’s what we should do,
consideringthat they’ve visited us twice and
met my parents.
E They’re a little reserved too,unfortunately.
F Sampling cakes,buying the perfect wedding
dress,endlessly scouting venues and buying
flowers are all things we were not looking
forward to.
G They’re worried about how unreliable and
immature the two of them can be.
usually positive I usually negative I could be either
anxious
o Add one of the prefixes dis-9 im-, in-, ir- ,un- to each of
the words to make opposites.
considerate in^onsUfcXAtfc
enthusiastic
organised
responsible
concerned
mature
polite
sensitive
69
tfaiu:
\
Sophie confesses how her wedding planning is not going so smoothly after all.
Everyone knows how stressful and expensivein each gap (a
person,a number, type of job,etc.)
• what sort of word(s) could go in each gap (noun,
adjective,verb,etc.)
Now listen. For questions 1-10, complete the sentences
with a short word or phrase.
Now imagine that you are a personal chef. You have
been asked to cook a three-course meal for a celebrity.
Read the profile below. In pairs, design a menu that
would be suitable for the celebrity.
Client profile
Occupation: lead singer in a rock band
Dietary requirements: pescatarian, lactose-intolerant
Favourite foods: aubergines, pulses, peppers
Avoid: salad, spinach, mushrooms
Mark originally worked as an (1)
beforebecoming a chef.
It was Mark's (2)
him into cooking.
Mark mentions that he's not allowed to tell us his
clients' (3)
Mark describes working for a pop star as
that first got
Compare your menu with another pair. Decide who has
created the best menu.
(4)
Mark says that he had difficulty finding (5)
for a tea party he was asked to
Grammar
Reported speechorganise.
What Mark enjoys most about being a personal
chef is the (6) Page 174 Grammar reference
Reported speech
Look at the two sentences from Listening Part 2. What
do you think the actor and Mark’s exact words were, a
or b?
1 While out filming,he texted me to say that he wanted
an Alice in Wonderland-style tea party.
a ‘I want an Alice in Wonderland-style tea party.’
b ‘I wanted an Alice in Wonderland-style tea party.’
2 I told her I was worried I’d get too nervous and be
unable to do it justice.
a ‘I’m worried I get too nervous and am unable to do
it justice.’
b ‘I’m worried I’ll get too nervous and be unable to
do it justice.’
Mark was (7) when he was
personally selected to cook for the royal family.
Mark uses the word (8)
describe the most important characteristic of a
personal chef.
Mark talks about another personal chef who
was (9)
with a magazine.
Mark is considering writing (10)
to further his future career.
to
after doing an interview
For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so
that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word given.
You must use between two and five words, including
the word given.
1 ‘There’s noway I’m going to join the hockey team,’
said Mark.
INTEND
Mark told me that
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb
in brackets.
1 She admitted
2 Priyanka accused Harry of ..,
3 Ella’s mother agreed
phone.
4 The children apologised for
window.
5 Peter has invited me
Switzerland this summer.
6 Ewan persuaded his father .,
his bike.
7 Kanesha has promised
evening.
8 They recommended
computers in the office
(steal) the watch.
(lie).
(buy) her a new
( break) the
(visit) him in
join the
hockey team. (lend) him
2 ‘I’ll return quite late from the theatre tonight,’
said Elena.
BACK
Elena said that
(phone) me this
(install) new
quite late
9 The teacher reminded everyone
her an email if they weren’t coming to class.
10 Cara warned me
(send)from the theatre that night.
3 ‘Iwon’t be late for the match,’ said Lucy.
ARRIVE
Lucy promised she
(not use) the machine.
For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so that
it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word given. Do not change the word given. You must use
between two and five words, including the word given.
1 ‘You really should see that film, Pablo,’ his friend said.
ADVISED
Pablo’s friend
the film.
time for
the match.
4 ‘You can’t borrow my camera,Mike,’ said his father.
ALLOWED
Mike’s father told him he
his camera.
5 ‘I know I got several answers wrong in this exercise,’
Hannah said.
MISTAKES
Hannah admitted that she
2 ‘Why don’t we go swimming this afternoon?’ said Jessica.
SUGGESTED
Jessica
afternoon.in
the exercise.
3 ‘Don’t leave the light on when you go to bed,’ my father
said to me.
SWITCH
My father
light when I went to bed.
4 ‘Don’t forget to post the letter,’ Silvia told Natasha.
REMINDED
Silvia
6 ‘I really enjoyed the play,’ Katie told George.
FOUND
Katie told George that she the
very enjoyable.
Choose the correct form of the verb in italics in these
sentences from Listening Part 2.
1 My proudest achievement was when I was offered
the chance to cook / cooking for the Royal Family at a
state banquet.
2 I refused to believe / believing it was a genuine offer
at first,but then I received a phone call from one of
their advisors.
3 I remember to hear / hearing about one personal chef
who did a ‘tell-all’ interview with a gossip magazine.
o
the letter.
5 ‘You haven’t been paying attention to me,’ our teacher
told us.
ANY
Our teacher accused us
notice of him.
6 ‘I’ll try as hard as I can to pass the exam,’ said Elizabeth.
BEST
Elizabeth promised
to pass
the exam.
Dream of the stars
Read the article again and decide which answer (A, B, C or D)
best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
D offers
D buy
D assurance
D support
D keep
D supplying
D little
D traced
D turned
Reading and Use of English Part 1
0 A proposes B recommends (C)suggests
1 A purchase B invest
2 A guarantee B promise
3 A pleasure B comfort
4 A cut
5 A delivering B releasing
6 A small B slight
7 A pursued B dated
8 A opened B brought
Now check your answers to Exercise 3 by using these clues.
1 This verb means ‘to allocate resources in order to achieve a
future result’.
2 This noun means ‘an assurance that something will happen’.
3 This noun must relate to the feeling of being at home.
4 This verb needs to collocate with costs.
5 This verb is used specifically for music publications.
6 This noun must collocate with in.
7 A phrasal verb related to research must be formed with this
word.
8 The phrasal verb needed here has an idiomatic meaning.
Discuss one of these questions in groups.
• If you wanted to become a bedroom producer,what genre of
music would you make and how would you promote yourself?
• Do you think bedroom producers are able to make music to
the same standard as traditional musicians? Why / Why not?
•Read the title and the text quickly to get a
general idea of what it 's about.
• Deal with the gaps one by one. Read carefully
before and after the gap.
•Check that the word fits into the sentence
grammatically by looking at prepositions and
other grammatical structures.
• If you are not sure which option is correct, reject
the options you think are wrong and choose
from the others.
• When you have finished, read the
whole text quickly again to check
your answers.
C spend
C security
C ease
C takeB hold
C letting
C short
C followed
C made
Work in pairs. You are going to read an article
about ‘bedroom producers’. Before you read,
discuss these questions.
• How has the way we listen to music changed
over the last 10 years?
• Do you think it ’s easier or harder to become a
successful musician today?
Read the article quickly. What is a bedroom
producer?
6•4 3
The rise of the bedroom producer
As its name (0)
is a musician who writes and creates music from their
, a bedroom producer
home, usually in their bedroom. In the past, music
production was a costly process. Not only did musicians
in a whole host of musicalneed to (1)
equipment, they also needed to book time in a
professional recording studio with no
that the track would get finished(2)
within the allotted time.
Nowadays, thanks to modern technology, music
producers can make music from the (3)
of their own home, using just a laptop, headphones
and minimal software to help to (4)
production costs down. They are typically self-taught,
learning music theory and production by watching
their tracks on
==
the
just some of the household names whose success can
back to their bedroom.
It 's fair to say that technology has (8)
new opportunities for aspiring musicians, allowing them
to find fame and fortune from their bedrooms.
tutorials online before (5)
social media for the world to hear. One genre of music
that has thrived under the rise of bedroom producers is
Electronic Dance Music, or EDM for (6)
Artists like Martin Garrix, Porter Robinson and Skrillexare
be (7)
up
Speaking Part 4
Page 211Speaking Bank
Speaking Part 4
•The questions here will be general questions of opinion
Give your opinion and support it with reasons and/or
examples.
•Listen carefully to what your partner says:
you may be asked if you agree.
In Speaking Part 4,the examiner will ask you questions
which encourage you to give your opinions on topics
related to Part 3. Read and listen to Antonia and Peter
answering the examiner’s question.Underline the
words and phrases they use to speak in general.
Examiner: Do you think schools should teach subjects
such as dance,drama or music?
Well, I think generally speaking, schools
should teach these subjects to small children
so that they can find out if they like them.I
think these subjects help children to learn
how to express themselves.But I don’t
think,generally, it ’s so important for older
children or teenagers to do these subjects
because they tend to have lots of other
things to study. So,on the whole, I guess
these subjects should be voluntary, not
compulsory, as children get older.
Examiner: Peter, do you agree with Antonia?
Generally, yes,but I feel it’s a pity when
students don’t have time for the subjects
they enjoy.
Read Antonia and Peter’s conversation again and
answer the questions.
1 How does Antonia give a balanced answer?
2 What reasons does she give?
3 Which of these things does Peter do?
a He just says he agrees.
b He says he agrees, but adds his own opinion,
c He says he agrees and gives a reason.
Think of general things you can say to give a balanced
answer to this question. Then, in pairs, take turns to ask
and answer the question.
Antonia:
/P/ Pronunciation: grouping words and
pausing (2)
We tend to pause between groups of words which
form a meaning together. For example:
The family had a small shop / just round the corner
from where we live, / and one day my aunt was
working there on her own.
Look at Exercise1and use a ( / ) to mark where you
think Antonia pauses in her answers.
Now listen again and check your answers.
Peter:
Work in pairs.Take the part of Antonia or Peter and
read their answers aloud.
Note down your own ideas to answer the
examiner’s question in Exercise1and think where
you will pause as you speak.Then take turns to
answer the question.“Do you think that schools should teach subjects such
as painting and photography? Why? / Why not?”
Dream of the stars
Read this writing task and underline the key points you
must deal with.
Read these questions. Then decide which phrases in
the box you could use in your answer to each question.
Some phrases can be used for more than one answer.
1 Do you think that everyone should learn to play a
musical instrument? Why? / Why not?
2 What things do young people learn from actingin
plays?
3 Some people say it’s better to watch a film in the
cinema than on television. Do you agree?
4 Should the media pay so much attention to singers’
and actors’ lives and relationships? Why? / Why not?
5 Do you think it’s true that television programmes
should educate people,not just entertain them?
(Why? / Why not?)
In your English class,you have been talking about
the advantages of being a famous film star.Now your
English teacher has asked you to write an essay.
Write an essay using all the notes and give reasons for
your point of view.
Being a famous film star has both advantages
and disadvantages.
Do you agree?
Notes
Write about:
1. media attention
2. lifestylea celebrity
avoid/cause a scandal
help society develop
the media
a tabloid (newspaper)
work in a team
a compulsory/voluntary
activity
develop their acting/
musical abilities
develop their artistic
expression
develop their musical
knowledge
disturb/protect
someone’s privacy
interrupt a film with
advertisements
make people aware of
problems
when the film is
released
(your own idea)3.
Write your essay.
Work alone and think how you can give balanced,
general answers to each question in Exercise 5. Then
take turns to ask and answer the questions in pairs.
Writing Part 1: An essay
Page 192 Writing Bank
An essay
To make your argument easy to follow, you can start
paragraphs with a short sentence which says what the
paragraph is about.
•If you decide to write a 'balanced essay’, try to have
the same number of points in favour (or advantages) as
against (disadvantages).
In order to complete the writing task
successfully, you must express your
personal opinion clearly.
Work alone and complete the following tasks.
• Write a second paragraph where you outline the
advantages you discussed in Exercise 2. Begin
with an introductory sentence.
• Write a third paragraph where you balance the
advantages of the second paragraph with the
disadvantages. Begin it with an introductory
sentence as well.
Work in groups. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages
of being a famous film star. While you discuss, you should:
• note down the main points of your discussion
• cover all three points in the essay task in Exercise1.
Work alone and write a brief plan for your essay. Your plan
should include:
• the number of paragraphs
• the main idea of each paragraph.
Write an opening paragraph for your essay. When you have
finished, work in pairs and compare your paragraphs.
Work in pairs. Read this opening paragraph. How does it
compare with yours?
Write your answer to the task below.
• Follow the stages that you have practised:
identifying the key points in the question, thinking
of ideas and planning your essay.
• Use Javier’s answer in Exercise 6 as a model.
• You should write between 140 and 190 words.
In your English class,you have been talking about
the advantages and disadvantages of being a
social media influencer. Now your English teacher
has asked you to write an essay.
Write an essay using all the notes and give reasons
for your point of view.
Many young people dream of achieving fame as film stars.
However, it is a life which has both advantages and
disadvantages.
Javier wrote a balanced essay to answer the question in
the writing task. Read the essay. Then, in pairs, answer
questions 1-7. There are both advantages and
disadvantages to a career as a social
media influencer.
Do you agree?
Notes
Write about:
1. finding inspiration
2. becoming well-known
a Many young people dream of achieving fame as film
stars. However, it is a life which has both advantages and
disadvantages.
b There are three main advantages. Firstly, if actors are
well-known, people want to watch their films, and if their
films are popular, they will be offered more contracts in the
future. Also, when people become famous, they live exciting
and glamorous lives with plenty of foreign travel and luxury.
There is no doubt that most actors find this very enjoyable.
Finally, fame and success go together.
c On the other hand, fame brings disadvantages too. First ,
many film stars have little privacy or time to themselves
because they are always being followed by reporters and
photographers. Next, people with glamorous lifestyles
meet other glamorous people and this can sometimes
cause problems with, for example, their family relationships.
Finally, they have to work very hard to be successful and
this may lead to considerable stress.
d To conclude. I think the advantages of being a famous film
star outweigh the disadvantages because being well-known
is a result of their professional success.
(your own idea)3.
Write your essay.
1 Are Javier’s ideas about being famous similar to yours?
2 How does he balance his arguments in the essay?
3 What is the purpose of the underlined phrases in the essay?
4 What do the highlighted phrases show?
5 Note down the words and phrases Javier uses to link ideas
together throughout the essay.
6 In which paragraph (a-d) does Javier give his own opinion?
7 Why is it important to make your opinion clear?
Dream of the stars
;wX-xx••••••• • -•••••• > •_
#Xv::KMUMA9 •• • •
• *
Vocabulary and
grammar review
5 He absolutely refuses....
to do with them.
6 He admitted
7 He persuaded them8 I expect
9 I really don’t mind
weekends.
10 It ’s no good
really unhelpful.
11 My brother enjoys
12 You know it ’s not worth
much money on a phone like that.
(have) anythingWord formation
(steal) the money.
(finish) the job.
(become) very rich one day.
(work) at
Read this text. Use the word given in capitals at the end
of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in
the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Adventure racing (ask) him anything. He’s
(work) in a cafe.
(spend) soThe teams that come first are the
ones who race (0)
and adapt to the sort of
INTELLIGENT
Complete the second sentence in each question so that
it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word given in capitals. Do not change the word given.
You must use between two and five words, including the
word given.
1 You can’t go skydiving until you’re 18 years old.
ALLOWED
People under 18
situations which PREDICT(1)
arise in these races. The teams who
do well show both flexibility and
. Unfortunately,
for the
race in Australia weren’t methodical
(2) PATIENT
PREPAREour (3)
in any way. In fact, as a beginner,
I was so (4)
the only training I did was
that EXPERIENCE
skydiving.
2 He didn’t want to get sunburnt, so he stayed in the
shade.
AVOID
He stayed in the shade
3 Paola hates windsurfing when the weather is cold.
BEAR
Paola
to run and cycle
as much and as hard as I could.
(5) SIMPLE
When we actually did the race, one
of my teammates got too tired to
continue. We had been going really
fast without taking any rests, and he
had been (6)
us to take a break. I knew then
that our team had not been
sunburnt.
to ask WILL
when the weather is cold.
about the pace
we could keep. Not finishing that race
was the most (8)
lesson I could have learnt.
(7) REAL 4 Could you please turn your mobile phone off?
MIND
Would
VALUE
your mobile phone off?
5 You might have an accident if you don’t take all the
safety precautions.
RISK
If you don’t take all the safety precautions,
an accident.
Grammar
Complete the sentences by writing the verb in brackets
in the infinitive or verb + -ing form in the gaps.
(take) a break in about 6 The weather is so wet that it ’s not worth going for a
walk today.
POINT
The weather is so wet that there’s
a walk today.
1 Can I suggest
ten minutes?
2 Did you manage ,
her?
3 Do you want me.
4 He’s considering
(get) in touch with
for
. ( invite) her?
.. (change) his course.
. V.V.V5K
* • •••\\%V#Ve
Vocabulary and
grammar review
Vocabulary Grammar
Complete the sentences with at, in or on.
1 She arrived for the audition
2 The new cinema will be built the outskirts of the town.
3 They have their band practice
parent’s house.
4 We had to wait for ages
the performance.
5 I wish I had joined my friends.
6 She was really nervous when she first went
7 He has all his certificates
Choose the best word, A, B, C or D, for
each gap. a taxi.
1 The flying display attracted about 50,000
despite the rain. the basement of his
A public
C spectators
B assistants
D audience the queue to get the tickets for
2 Asa police officer,I get a lot of questions
from members of the
get to one place or another.
B public
D spectators
the festival this weekend.
the stage.
asking how to
A people
C audience
the walls of his office.
the phone to his agent hoping she could get him8 He was
a part in the new film.3 During the musical, the...
end of every single song.
A audience
C public
clapped at the
9 They met each other
film. the party after the premiere of the
B spectators
D attendants 10 The person
manager.
^ Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to
the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word
given. You must use between two and five words, including the
word given.
1 ‘Iwon’t lend you my new bike,Aisha,’ said Sam.
REFUSED
Sam
the back door is looking for the theatre
4 The actress gave a superb as Lady
Macbeth at the Globe Theatre last night.
A play
C performance
5 If you’re interested in a career in
must be prepared to work hard.
A acting
C performance
B act
D acting
> you
B playing
D stage Aisha his new bike.
6 That play is much better on the
in the film version.
A theatre
C scene
than 2 ‘1 am really sorry that I was late for the rehearsal,’ said Madison.
APOLOGISED
MadisonB play
D stage
7 The ending to the film was so
nobody saw it coming.
A gripping
C predictable
for the rehearsal.
3 Sarah said,‘He forgot to bring the camera on purpose.’
ACCUSED
Sarah
that
to bring the camera on purpose.
4 ‘I will definitely be at the cinema on time,’ said Lewis.
ARRIVE
Lewis promised
B unexpected
D heavy-going
8 I had to watch the episode a couple of times
as the storyline was quite
A light-hearted
C unappealing
on time.
B hilarious
D complex 5 ‘Don’t forget your jackets for the open-air cinema, you two’ said
Shanice.
BRING
Shanice reminded .
9 I found the book so
it down.
A gripping
C confusing
that I couldn’t put
for the open-air cinema.
6 ‘OK,we can all go in my car to the concert,’ said Amir.
DRIVE
Amir agreed
B light-hearted
D stunning
10 The visuals were
a huge special effects budget.
B stunning
D exciting
. The film clearly had
to the concert.
A gripping
C hilarious
The power of the mind
Work in pairs. Take turns to do the task below.Starting off
• Student A: Look at photos A and B.
• Student B: Look at photos C and D.Work in pairs. Match the words and phrases
to find eight things which might make people
happy.
1 socialising
2 earning
3 working
4 being part
5 finding
6 getting
7 following
8 gaining
“The photos show people who are happy. Compare the
photos and say why you think the people might be happy."
a lots of money
b your true love
c with friends
d of a loving family
e a healthy diet
f hundreds of
followers
on social media
g enough rest
h as a volunteer
Reading and Use of English Part 5
•Read the title of the text, as it will tell you what it will
be about.
• When a question asks what a word or phrase
refers to, read carefully what is said in the
sentence and make sure you understand
the reference before you read the options.
Which of the things in Exercise 1do you think
are essential for happiness? Which do you
think are not so important? Give reasons for
your answers.
You are going to read an article featuring a happiness coach
called Lesley Lavender. Read the text quickly and find out
what Lesley thinks is the most important condition for
being happy.
The secret of happinessFor questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or
D) which you think fits best according to the text.
1 What view of the recent growth of the
well-being industry does the writer express in
the first paragraph?
A It is surprising that it happened.
B It is a worrying development.
C Its success was predictable.
D It is an unnecessary response.
2 What does the word fixated mean in line 17?
A fascinated
B dependent
3 In the second paragraph, what is the
writers purpose in mentioning the scientist
Albert Einstein?
A to show how people can be happy without
many material possessions
B to provide evidence of what people think
about their lives
C to advise people to think about happiness
more scientifically
D to show how a successful career doesn' t
make people happy
4 What does the word they refer to in line 33?
C objects
D people
5 What is Lesley’s view of money and happiness?
A Time is always more valuable than money.
B People with very low incomes are likely to
be unhappy.
C Most people associate money with
happiness.
D People who win money feel happier than
those who earn it.
Each year the World Happiness Report ranks the countries of the world
according to the well-being of their citizens. The United States only
just made it into the top twenty happiest countries, despite its relative
economic prosperity and high standard of living, and a whole new
5 industry has taken shape around the attempt to solve this apparent
contradiction. These days, the subject of happiness as a measure of a
country’ssuccess seems to reappear time and again with a vast array of
books and media articles devoted to the subject. Add to this the growing
number of well-being coaches keen to show us how to better understand
10 this complex emotion and it becomes clear that happiness is a serious
business in the 21st century. But why is this necessary when our lives are
more comfortable and convenient than ever before?
Happiness coach Lesley Lavender believes that many people simply
take what they have for granted. People constantly strive to acquire
15 more possessions and achieve more in their careers, but rarely take
the time to reflect on what is already good about their lives. 'So many
people become fixated on the things they lack,’ she says. They often
find themselves thinking "If onlyIhad more money, a bigger house or
a better job,I’d feel so much more satisfied”- this can completely take
20 over their lives. However, there is actually little evidence to suggest that
achieving material goals makes us happier in the long run.Being satisfied
with what you have in life is far more likely to lead to true happiness
than fantasising about what you would like.’ It’s like the scientist Albert
Einstein once said: 'A table, a chair, a bowl of fruit and a violin; what else
25 does anyone need to be happy?’
But what about the simple pleasure of going shopping after a stressful
day at work? Lesley is keen to stress that material possessions are
a relatively low indicator of happiness. 'We may get an initial hit of
happiness from a new purchase which is real but usually short-lived.
30 'We tend to forget about these new possessions very quickly and start
planning how we are going to acquire our next object of desire.’ Lesley
believes that people tend to derive more pleasure from experiences than
objects, highlighting the longer-lasting memories that they typically
create. 'Going on a trip, having a meal in a nice restaurant, or attending
35 a painting class give us a heightened sense of well-being as we interact
with our environment,’ she says.
On the subject of money,Iask Lesley if she believes that having more
money makes us any happier. 'Not necessarily,’ she says. A recent study
examined how American adults felt when they were given either more
40 money or more time. Those who were given more time reported feeling
significantly happier than those who were given more money. After
taking part in the study, many of the people made a conscious effort to
create more time in their lives. They found that even having this intention
made them feel happier. And, of course, a sudden increase in wealth can
45 actually lead to additional stress, as many lottery winners would testify.
This makes sense, but surely people need a certain amount of money to
be happy? Lesley admits that this is true. As much as money can’t buy
happiness, it is difficult to be happy if you can’t pay your bills.
Finally,Iask Lesley what the greatest indicator of happiness is.
50 'Relationships,’ she says. 'A study carried out by Harvard University
followed several hundred people over 70 years. The happiest and
healthiest of them reported having strong relationships with people who
supported them and who they trusted.’ This would appear to be evidence
that maintaining strong relationships is essential for our well-being,
55 no matter how much we may congratulate ourselves for our self-
reliance. And if you think about life today, when people often lack time
to spend with their families or cultivate friendships, not to mention the
temptations of their electronic devices even when taking part in face-
to-face interaction, perhaps it is not surprising why so many are not as
60 happy as they could be.
C obsessed
D concerned
A memories
B experiences
6 What does the writer suggest is the reason
why people today struggle to maintain strong
relationships?
A They prefer to be independent.
B They don’t enjoy face-to-face interactions.
C It’s more important for them to spend a lot
of time usingelectronic devices.
D They don’t meet in person with family and
friends often enough.
Work in groups. Discuss the questions.
• Why do you think people become fixated on
the things they don’t have?
• Re-read Albert Einstein’s quote in the second
paragraph. Do you agree with him?
• Why might a sudden increase in wealth lead to
additional stress?
Based on what you have read and discussed,
write your own definition of happiness. Then
compare it with your partner.
-{"UppiK£&s is . . .
The power of the mind
Vocabulary
achieve,carryout and devote stay,spend and pass;make,cause and /?ai/e
0 Complete these sentences from Reading and
Use of English Part 5 with the correct form of
achieve, carry out or devote.
Exam candidates often confuse the words stay, spend and pass ,
and make, cause and have. Choose the correct option in italics.
1 Remember, your behaviour will have / cause an effect on other
people.
2 I’m very sorry if I’ve made / caused you any problems.
3 I have passed / spent my life studying happiness.
4 Yesterday, I spent / stayedtwo hours listening to the radio.
5 I really enjoy late-night films on TV when I can stay / be awake.
6 The news that her sister had had a baby made / had her very
happy.
&
1 These days, the subject of happiness as a
measure of a country’s success seems to
reappear time and again with a vast array of
books and media articles
to the subject.
2 People constantly strive to acquire more
possessions and more in
their careers,but rarely take the time to
reflect on what is already good about their
lives.
3 A study by Harvard
University followed several hundred people
over 70 years.
e Match the nouns in the box with the verbs
(1-3) they can form collocations with.&
an atm an ambition energy
an improvement an instruction
an objective an order one’s life research
success a test a threat time
1 achieve AK. Aim, . . .
2 carryout
3 devote ... (to)
Complete the sentences with the correct form of stay, spend,
pass , make, cause or have.
1 I decided to
2 Caleb played a game on his phone to
while he was waiting for the train.
3 Apparently, the weather is going to ....
the rest of the week.
4 Your talk was excellent and
on the other students.
5 How did you
yourself?
Complete the sentences with collocations
from Exercise 2 in the correct form. In some
cases, more than one answer may be possible.
the afternoon in the park.
the time
like this for
1 Last year,my uncle ...
lifelong
2 Scientists have been
a
to visit New York. a powerful impact
to discover the cause of the weekend? Did you enjoythe disease.
3 The project is quite easy, so you won’t
very much two hours today trying to finish my6 Ineed to homework.
7 The bus strike has been
trying to get to university.
8 The bad sound quality
understand.
to doing it.
problems for students
4 Igor felt very tired because he had
a lot of time and
to the project.
5 My boss said she’d make us work late if
we didn’t finish the report on time,but
I don’t think she’ll
the film very difficult to
9 Usingup-to-date materials can
effect on the amount students learn.
10 Our maths professor
explainingalgebra to us.
a dramatic
her
the whole lecture
6 In the army, you have to be obedient
and
immediately. e Which verb, cause, have or make, forms a collocation with
each of these nouns? In some cases, more than one verb-noun
collocation is possible.
an accident a change an effect an impact
an impression a problem trouble
Complete the sentences with a collocation from Exercise 6.
In some cases, more than one answer may be possible.
Now listen, and for questions 1and 2, choose the
best answer (A, B or C).
Listen to the rest of the recording. For
questions 3-8, choose the best answer (A, B or C).
3 You hear a man talking to his friend about a
relaxation class he attended.
What does he say about it?
A He felt as though he would fall asleep.
B He couldn’t stop thinking about work.
C He found it tough to sit still for so long.
4 You hear a sports coach talking about problems
faced by professionalathletes.
What does he say is most likely to stop them from
winning?
A feeling under pressure from a skilled opponent
B wantingto win too much
C remembering their past failures
5 You overhear a man and a woman talkingabout a
television series.
How does the woman feel about the main
character?
A She dislikes him.
B She feels sorry for him.
C She respects him.
6 You hear a woman talking about a past fear of
heights.
What does she say helped her get over her fear?
A discussing her fear with a therapist
B making herself climb a tall building
C startingto work on the top floor of the
building
7 You hear a man talking about the happiest
countries in the world.
What factor is most important for people’s
happiness?
A having a good work-life balance
B having good public services
C feeling safe and secure
8 You hear a woman talking about a study she
carried out into leisure activities.
Which activity made people the happiest?
A cooking
B reading
C gardening
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
• When you feel stressed, what do you do to relax?
• Have you ever felt under a lot of pressure to
succeed? Describe the situation.What was the
outcome?
1 A dog ran onto the road and would have
if I hadn’t reacted quickly.
02 Amalia obviously
on the examiners because they gave her a Grade A.
3 I hope I haven’t
comingto stay unexpectedly.
a good
byyou
that she’s not very
organised.Otherwise, she’d hand her work in on time.
4 I
5 Living in the countryside a nice
after spendingthe last three years living
in a city.
6 Your choice of subjects at university will
on your future career.
a
big
Listening Part 1
•Listen to the whole of each recording before you
choose the answer the answer may depend on the
general idea rather than a few words.
• If you are not sure about the answer after
listening the first time, try to decide which
answers you think are wrong before you listen
the second time.
y—|Exam
advice
iN—oWork in groups. You are going to hear people talking in
eight different situations. Before you listen, discuss these
questions.
• Do you have any fears or phobias? What are they?
• Why do people have lucky numbers? Do you have one?
• Do you think young people nowadays are generally under
more pressure than their parents were?
• Some people believe that top sports stars are paid too
much.Do you agree?
Work in pairs. Read questions 1and 2 and underline the
key words in each question that will help you listen for the
correct answer.
1 You hear a woman talkingabout a numberthat hasa
special meaning in her life. Why is this number important
to her?
A It helps her remember important events.
B It has reoccurred many times in her life.
C It is significant for somebody she’s close to.
2 You hear a man and a woman discovering something that
they have in common. What is it?
A They both feel anxious in social situations.
B They both share the same phobia.
C They both dislike the same activity.
The power of the mind
Work in pairs. Look atthe three pictures. Use
may, might, must, could and can’tto say ...
• what you think has happened or is happeningin
each picture.
• how the people are feeling and why.
Grammar
Modal verbs to express certainty and possibility
Page 176 Grammar reference
Modal verbs to expressing certainty and possibility
Read these extracts from Listening Part 1and look at the
underlined modal verbs. Then answer the questions.
• Well, like you,my parents made me do ballet when I
was younger. I hated it and fell over in the middle of a
performance.It might have started after that.
• Ihad difficultly staying awake, to be honest - it can’t have
been more than two minutes before I started dropping off!
• Evidence suggests that athletes who come second in a final
often find it difficult to stop thinkingabout other times when
they have lost,which could result in a loss of both confidence
and the desire to win.
• I do feel a bit of sympathy for him sometimes. He must have
had a really unhappy childhood.
1 Which of the underlined verbs do we use
a when we are certain something is true?
b when we are certain something is not true?
c when we think something is possibly true? Which other
verb can also be used for this meaning?
2 Which of the underlined verbs refer(s) to
a the present? b the past?
o Exam candidates often make mistakes with modal verbs.
Find and correct the mistakes in the sentences. One of the
sentences is correct.
1 I thought the school play was lovely.You may have really
enjoyed acting in it!
2 He’s had a really good sleep,so he mustn’t be tired any more.
3 The road is very busy, so cross it carefully or you can have an
accident.
4 She lives in a really nice house, so her mum and dad can be
earning a lot of money.
5 I have a lot of homework to do, so I may go to bed late.
Complete the sentences with a modal verb and the correct
form of the verb in brackets. In some cases, more than one
answer may be possible.
&
1 Everyone in the class
because you have all passed the exam!
2 I think she
because she’s always smiling and laughing.
3 Jamie woke up in the night screaming. He
(have) a nightmare.
4 I don’t know why Irina hasn’t arrived yet. She
(have to) stay on late at school,or she
(stop) on the way home to see some friends.
(work) incredibly hard
( be) a really happy person
5 I don’t know how old the teacher is,but he looks quite young,
so he Have you ever experienced any of the situations
in the photos? What happened and how did you
feel?
(be) more than 25.
6 They say it (rain) at the weekend,so maybe
we should cancel the football match on Saturday.
5 I think I can come to the party next week.
SHOULD
Reading and Use of English Part 4
to theI
party next week
a should can come
b should come
c should be able to come
•Read the original sentence, the word given and the
sentence with the gap. Think about:
- whether you need an expression, e.g. he changed
his mind
- whether you need a phrasal verb, e.g. give up
- what grammar you will need, e.g. do you need
to change the sentence from active to passive
or put something into reported speech?
•Check your spelling carefully. You must
spell your answers correctly.
6 £Say hello to Liz if you see her,’ said Emma
ASK
Emma
to Liz.
a asked me to say hello
b asked saying hello
c had asked me to say hello
For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so
that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word
given. You must use between two and five words,
including the word given.
Work in pairs. In Reading and Use of English Part 4, you have
to complete a sentence so that it has a similar meaning to
another sentence, using a given word. Look at questions 1-6
and the different answers students wrote (a-c), then decide
which is the correct answer and say why the other answers
are wrong. Remember:
• Your answer must be between two and five words.
• You mustn’t change the word given.
1 ‘Would you like to borrow my bike to get home?’ said James.
LEND
James
get home.
a offered to lend me
b said that he would lend me
c said that I could lend
1 If I drink coffee now,I won’t be able to sleep
tonight.
STOP
Drinking coffee now
tonight.his bike to
2 My neighbours continue to play loud music, which
disturbs me.
KEEP
My neighbours
, which
2 Although the train was delayed, we managed to catch our
flight.
DESPITE
We managed to catch our flight
disturbs me.
3 There were decorations in the streets for the
festival.
BEEN
The streets
delayed.
a despite the fact the train was
b despite the train was
c despite the train being
3 My father usually collects me from school in the car.
for the
festival.
4 ‘Please water the plants, Michael,’ said his wife.
REMINDED
Michael’s wife
UP
My father usually
school in the car.
a take me up from
b picks me up from
c gets me up from
the
plants.
5 How long did it take you to read the book?
SPEND
How long
the book?
4 If my passport doesn’t show up, I won’t be able to go on
the trip.
FIND
I won’t be able to go on the trip
6 Danielshould own up to breaking the window.
RESPONSIBILITY
Daniel should
my passport.
a if I couldn’t find
b until I will find
c unless I find
breaking
the window.
The power of the mind
Speaking Part 2
Page 206 Speaking Bank
Speaking Part 2 could be exactly what looks as if
may have decided might perhaps seem
unlike who appears very different
•When you’re not immediately sure how to answer the
question in the task, use phrases which allow you to
speculate instead of giving a definite answer (could be,
may have, seems to, appears to etc.).
•Spend about half the time comparing
the photos and half the time answering
Examiner: Here are your photographs. They show
young people doingdifficult activities. I’d
like you to compare the photographs and
say why you think the people have decided
to do these activities. All right?
The first photo shows young people
walkingup a mountain.They
Peter:
^^ th^question
to be tied together(1)
with ropes and they (2)
be resting, or (3)Look at this speaking task. Then complete Peter’s answer
below with words or phrases from the box which he uses
to compare or speculate about what he can see.
they’ve
been waiting for one of the group to catch
them up. They may be part of an adventure
activity which they’re doing from their
school or college and they may have
been climbing for quite a long time.The
second photo shows a (4)
situation.The girl seems to be working
with equipment in a factory. I’m not sure
she’s doing,but she
buildinga machine or
Why have the people decided to do these activities?
(5) .
(6)
something.There’s a man
(7) to be supervising her.
The people in the first photo
to climb the mountain(8)
because they want a new experience,
or perhaps they just enjoy being in the
mountains,even though they look a bit
tired. The girl in the second photo
she’s starting a new
job and learning to do something. It’s clear
that she’s working indoors,
(9)
(10) the people in the
first photo, who are outdoors.
Now listen and check your answers.
Work in pairs. Read the examiner’s instructions
and look at the photos on the opposite page. Then
complete the sentences for speculating about photos
with your own ideas.
“Here are your photographs. They show people
celebrating at different events. I’d like you to
compare the photos and say what you think the
people are enjoying about the different situations."
/P/ Pronunciation: sentence
stress (3)
We can use sentence stress to
emphasise certain words in a
sentence.
Listen to two versions of Peter’s
answer in Exercise 1. How does
the different emphasis change the
meaning of what he says?
The girl seems to be working with
equipment in a factory. Pm not sure
exactly what she’s doing, but she couId
be building a machine or something.
Work in pairs. Take turns to read
the sentence to your partner. Your
partner should listen and say if your
version sounds more like version 1or
version 2.
Listen and notice which words Peter
emphasises. Then with a partner,
take turns to read his answer using
the same emphasis.
The people in the first photo may
have decided to climb the mountain
because she wants a new experience,
or perhaps she just enjoys being in the
mountains,even though they look a
bit tired.The girl in the second photo
looks as if she’s starting a new job and
learning to do something.
What are the people enjoying about the different situations?
0
0 Look at the sentences you completed
for Speaking Part 2, Exercise 3 and
decide which words you would like to
emphasise when you speak. Then work
in pairs and take turns to read your
sentences aloud.
e Now take turns to do the task in
Speaking Part 2 Exercise 3.
Work in pairs. Take turns to do the
speaking tasks on page 104.
• While you listen to your partner doing
the speaking task, think about the
things he/she is doing well and the
things he/she could do better.
• When he/she has finished,give
feedback and suggestions. If
necessary, look at the checklist in
Exercise 3 on page 24 to give you ideas.
Speculating about photos
1 In the first photo, the people look as if ...
2 The older man seems to be...
3 They are probably goingto ...
4 In the second photo,the people appear to be ...
5 They could be ...
6 Unlike the first photo,...
7 In both photos, the people seem...
The power of the mind
Task 1
'Here are your photographs. They show people who have just done
something special. I’d like you to compare the two photographs and say
how you think the people feel about what they have just done."
How are the people feeling about what they have just done?
Task 2
“Here are your photographs. They show people helping other people in
certain situations. I'd like you to compare the photographs and say why
you think it’s important to help people in these situations."
Why is it important to help people in these situations?
Writing Part 2: A report
The college where you study has been given a large amount
of money to spend either on improvingthe classrooms or
on students’ social activities.The director of your college
has asked you to write a report. In your report you should
• explain the benefits of both ideas
• say which idea you think should be chosen and why.
Write your report.
Page 198 Writing Bank
A report
Work in pairs.Read the writing task and underline the
points you must deal with in your answer. What do you
think the money should be spent on?
Before you write, answer these questions.
1 Who will read your report?
2 Should you write in an informal ora formal
style?
3 What things must you include in your report?
Read the following answer to the writing task.
Complete the report with the correct form of a
verb in the box.
Answer the questions in pairs.
1 What recommendation does the writer make to the college
director?
2 How can the college director find things quickly in the report
if he/she doesn’t have much time?
3 Has the report dealt with everything in the writing task?
4 What is the purpose of each section?
5 Which tenses are used? Why?
6 Does the report use contractions ( it 's, we'll )? Why? /Why not?
Complete the recommendations and suggestions with the
correct form of the verb in brackets.
1 I recommend
system.
2 I suggest
social programme.
3 I suggest that the college should
furniture for the classrooms.
4 It would be a good idea
classrooms with computers.
benefit contain discuss find
improve participate put forward
recommend reduce spend
(install) a new air-conditioning
Recommended college
improvements
Introduction
The purpose of this report is to (1)
whether the money
which has been given to the college should
on improving
the classrooms or on students’ social
activities,and to (3)
recommendation.
The classrooms
(spend) money on improving the
(buy) new
(equip) all the
be (2) o Work in pairs. Write four more recommendations or
suggestions for your college or language school.a
o Work in pairs. Read the writing task below. How do you think
the money should be spent?The college classrooms are well equipped
with the latest technologies. Each classroom
computers with
an internet connection and an interactive
already (4) Your town has a large amount of money available to spend
improving the area around your school.Your English teacher
has asked you to write a report. In your report you should
• explain the current issues with the area around your school.
• suggest how the area around your school can be improved.
Write your report.
Do the writing task. Write between 140-190 words. Follow the
steps below.
• Underline the points you must deal with in your report.
• Think and write a plan for your report. This should include
sections and section headings.
• Write your report. Follow your plan and use the report in
Exercise 3 as a model.
• When you have finished,check it for mistakes.
on
whiteboard. However, the furniture needs
replacing, because students who attend class
it uncomfortableall day (5)
and this affects their concentration.
Furthermore, the classrooms would
from an air-conditioning(6)
system,and this would alsohelp
the quality of students’(7)
work.
Social activities
The college already has a social programme
with a wide range of activities for students to
in. If more money was(8)
spent on this, it wouId (9)
the cost of the activities for the students and
they would be able to take part in more of
them.
Recommendation •Think about who will read the report and if you need a
formal or an informal style.
•If you decide to divide the report into sections, m
decide what sections you need and what the
^^
sectior^ieading^houlcnD^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
\
spending
the money on new furniture and an air-
conditioning system as this would have a
beneficial effect on students’ work in class.
I would (10)
Exam
advicer,
The power of the mind
iQ Spend, spend, spend
Disadvantages
4.0%
10.0%
51.0%
disadvantages of shopping online.
22.0%Look atthe percentages and decide
which you think match the reasons 1-9
below. Compare your answers in pairs.
1 not able to touch or try a product
2 ability to shop 24/7
3 delay in receiving product
4 lack of physical shoppingexperience
5 better price
6 convenience
7 possibility of damage to
fragile items
8 saves time
9 concerns about paying online
Your teacher will give you the answers.
Which beliefs are you most surprised
by? Give reasons for your answers.
29.0% 24.0%
Reading and Use of English Part 2
You are going to read an article about a new way to
shop. Before you read, discuss the questions below in
pairs. Give examples to support your answers.
Have you ever bought something after ...
• watching an influenceron social media?
• using an app that offers in-app purchases?
• seeinga pop-up advert in your browser?
• beingsent a promotionalemail?
• seeingsomeone with the item in a film or TV series?
Look at the picture below. Discuss with a partner what
the new way to shop might be. Then read the article,
ignoring the gaps, to check your ideas.
For questions 1-8, read the article and think of the word
which bestfits each gap. Use only one word in each gap.
There is an example at the beginning (0).
Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
• Do you think this new way of shopping will
appeal to consumers? Why / Why not?
• It is possible that there will be no shops in the
future because everyone will shop online. How
likely do you think this is?
Grammar
as and likeA new way to shop
viiEver since the introduction (0)
companies have (1)
ways to reach consumers and make their shopping experiences as seamless
possible. A company based (3)
the UK thinks it has done just that with its software Stop and Shop. It aims
advantage of people’s love of streaming and
watching online videos by offering them a unique way to shop.
When a user pauses a video, episode or film, the technology instantly
recognises the clothing, devices and furniture in the scene and brings
a list of websites where you can go to buy them .
So if you like the jacket a particular actor is wearing, or the sofa they
are sitting on, you can instantly find out the exact make or model, (6)
than having to search for them yourself online.
or not this way of shopping will appeal
thing's for sure, online shopping
online shopping,
looking for new and innovative Page 177 Grammar reference
as and tike
o(2) Look at sentences a-c and answer the
questions below.
a Tom has two jobs:he’s a teacher and a football
referee. As a teacher he’s very easy-going,but
as a referee he’s really strict.
b Mark is a social worker, but he spends so much
time with young people that sometimes he feels
like a teacher.
c Shops should be more like clubs that provide
personal service and social interaction,and
each should be seen as something unique.
Which word,as or like, means
1 he is a teacher / the shops should be unique?
2 he is similar to a teacher / shops should be
similarto clubs?
Complete the sentences with as or like.
1 He has a weekend job
assistant.
to (4)
(5)
It is unclear (7)
to consumers, but (8)
is here to stay.
JJacket
£ /0
BUY
TV,
£1,000
a shop
2 He was regarded by his teachers
one of the most brilliant students they had ever
taught.
ICoffee table,!
3 Tanya’s father gave her a car for her 18th
she’d done so well in her
£60
BUY birthday
exams.
4 I find subjects
chemistry very difficult.
5 I’ll be on holiday next week,
know.
6 I’m afraid I don’t study
Ishould.
7 I’m speaking to you
8 My English teacher is lovely. She’s
a friend to me!
m physics and
you
much
•Answer the questions you find easy first.
•Pay careful attention to the meaning of the text to help you
think of the right word.
•Answer all the questions. If you can’t decide, think about
what type of word you need (preposition, pronoun, etc.)
and guess.
•Check your answers by reading the completed
text again. Make sure the words you have chosen
make sense with the surrounding language
in the text (nouns, verbs, conjunctions, etc.).
a friend.
9 Traditional retail companies, such
department stores and bookshops,have often
competitors of online
Amazon.
10 Yuriko came to the party wearingexactly
the same clothes
embarrassing!
struggled
shopping giants
me! How
Spend, spend, spend
^ Work alone. You are going to read an extract from a book
called ‘A Journey of Self-Discovery’, written by Claire
Richardson. Before you read, look at the sentences and
write A (agree) or D (disagree) next to each one.
1 I often buy things that I don’t really need.
2 I am good at saving money.
3 Money can’t buy happiness.
4 I would jump at the chance to work abroad
5 I’d rather work from home than in an office.
Compare your answers in pairs. Give reasons for
your answers.
Reading and Use of English Part 5
•The answers to the questions come in the same order
in the text. For example, you will locate the answer
to question 2 after the part of the text that answered
question 1.
•The final question may refer to the whole
text: In this case, consider the general
message, but also skim the text for ideas
which support your choice.
A journey of self-discovery
° «o» °
Speaking of which, the first thing I realised was that I no longer
needed to waste money on clothes. In my previous job, everyone
3 was very fashion-conscious, especially my younger colleagues,
who seemed to equate designer clothes with success. I had given
up trying to compete with them some years earlier, once I entered
my 30s. However, part of my former role involved meeting potential
investors face-to-face, and it was important to look the part. But
in my new job, I was essentially performing a backroom function,
sitting in an office all day, analysing investment opportunities. It
meant I could wear what I liked, for the first time ever, and that was
quite liberating.
One major advantage of working and living in a small town in
-i Germany rather than a big city like London or Frankfurt is the
difference in the air quality. It is so much fresher here, no doubt
because there is far less traffic, and I like to think I play a part in
that. Like most people who live here, I go nearly everywhere by bike
or on foot, so most of the time my car just sits in the garage. And of
4 course there are health benefits. In fact I have to say, in all modesty,
that I have never been in such good shape.
One other major change in my lifestyle is my attitude to food. When
I was earning the big bucks, and meeting important clients, I was
always going to expensive restaurants. To be honest, restaurant
food did not agree with me, but it was an unavoidable part of the
job. I always made an effort to select healthy options so at least
I did not pile on the pounds, but I never got much pleasure from
eating out. To my mind, food was a fuel that kept you going - it
was not a major part of my life. And when I was not at work or
entertaining clients, I just used to buy ready-meals in the shop
around the corner and heat them up in the microwave. Then I would
curl up on the sofa in my pyjamas, eating my dinner off a tray in
front of the TV.
I expect you are wondering, dear reader, what made me decide
to downsize, after halfa lifetime of living the good life? After
all, I had spent most of my professional life working for various
high-ranking financial institutions, advising them on investment
opportunities. I loved my job. The salary allowed me to live the
lavish lifestyle I had always yearned for, and the travel, which
was the biggest perk of it, as far as I was concerned, meant that
I could experience new countries and cultures that I would have
never otherwise seen. But then it soon stopped being a labour of
io love and everything changed.
Two years ago, the company I was working for had decided to
reduce their workforce, which meant I had to say goodbye to
some of my closest colleagues. Others were making themselves
seriously ill with the stress of it all, and the idea of that happening
to me filled me with dread. So after much thought, I made my
mind up: I would find a job with a much smaller company in
Germany -a country I had always loved- where I would be
under less pressure. It was a tough one to make and meant
2i leaving my family and friends behind, but in truth, I have never
looked back.
Of course, working for a smaller company meant getting less
money, and I very quickly realised that I would need to rein
things in, if I was going to make ends meet. It was strange, but
all my working life, I had never given it much thought. I get how
23 that must sound and I know how fortunate I was to be in such a
privileged position. But now I needed to cut my coat according to
my cloth, as the saying goes.
For questions 1-6, choose the answer
(A, B, C or D) which you think fits best
according to the text.
1 What the word it refer to in line 7?
A thejob
B the salary
C the lavish lifestyle
D the travel
To understand a text, you often need to understand exactly what the
writer is referring to at different points in it. Which noun phrase (a or
b) does each of these words/phrases refer to?
1 it (line 8)
a thejob b the travel
2 it (line 20)
a an important decision
3 it (line 27)
a money
4 them (line 42)
a younger colleagues
5 that ( line 50)
a analysing investment
opportunities
b a job
2 What happened to Claire two years ago?
A She was made redundant.
B She was asked to work abroad.
C She decided to take a more stress-
free job.
D She had to take long-term sick leave.
3 What does the expression rein things in
mean in lines 22-23?
A reduce spending
B earn money
C use savings
D buy fewer clothes
4 Why did Claire use to spend so much
money on clothes?
A to try to look younger
B to prove how successful she was
C to keep up with her colleagues
D to impress important clients
5 In the fifth paragraph,Claire implies that
she cycles or walks whenever possible to
A save money.
B keep fit.
C reduce pollution.
D enjoy the fresh air.
6 What does Claire say about her previous
attitude to food in the final paragraph?
A She never thought about what she
was eating.
B She loved going to high-end
restaurants.
C She viewed food as a necessity,not a
pleasure.
D She was able to avoid cheap
convenience food due to her
high salary.
b my working life
b designer clothes
b wear what I liked
6 it ( line 68)
a earning the bigbucks
7 it ( line 73)
a a food
b meeting important clients
b fuel
Work in groups. Discuss the questions.
• You can only choose two options. Which two would you choose?
B friendly colleagues
• How important is it to be happy in your job?
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of working abroad?
• How has technology changed the way people work?
• Some people believe that schools don’t prepare students well
enough for working in later life. Do you agree?
• How can part-time jobs help prepare young people for working in
the future?
A job security C good salary
Spend, spend, spend 1091
Vocabulary Listening Part 4
arrive,get and reach
O • You have one minute to read the questions before
you listen.
Exam candidates often confuse the words arrive,
get and reach. Choose the correct option in italics.
1 The easiest way to arrive / get / reach to the coast
&
•Read the main part of each question
carefully first.is
by car.
2 The plane was latetaking off and has only just
arrived / g o t / reached.
3 When they arrived / got / reached the top of the
mountain, they were unable to see anythingdue
to the thick cloud.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of
arrive,get or reach.
1 After an hour’s discussion we finally
a decision.
• If you have time, go back and read the
options for each question.
2 The traffic was so bad that by the time they
to the supermarket it had
closed.
3 She’s drivinghome and she’ll phone me when
she
4 What time do you normally...
college in the morning?
5 When they
went straight to their rooms.
6 When you
you’ll see the market on your left.
Complete the sentences with arrive and an adverb
or adverbial phrase in the box.
to
at the hotel, they
the end of the road,
Work in pairs. You will hear an interview with Cathy Ko, who
runs her own fashion magazine called Tailor. Before you
listen, think about what might be involved in publishing a
successful magazine. Make a list of your ideas.finally in time on time safe and sound
shortly unannounced
Listen to the interview once without reading the questions
below. How many of your ideas from Exercise 1are
mentioned?
1 Mum was worried that we might have an accident
because of the snow,but we
home
2 Sandy was late for the refreshments,but he
to hear the speeches.
3 Our online store has a great reputation for
punctuality, with 90%of orders
0,much to her relief.
Read questions 1-7. How many can you answer already?
1 Why did Cathy decide to call her magazine Tailor?
A She named it after someone she’s close to.
B She chose the first word she found in a book.
C She wanted something that was easy to say.
2 Cathy says that the pressure of workingto tight deadlines
A has caused her serious health issues.
B has had an impact on her social life.
C has led to arguments between her colleagues.
3 What does Cathy most admire about her team of writers?
A their ability to handle criticism
B their strong work ethic
C their good sense of humour
4 The Orient Express from Paris will
be at Platform
12.
5 Uncle Kamal
lunch,so we set an extra place for him at the
table.
6 We were very late because of the traffic, and
when we
finished.
in the middle of
, the show had nearly
0 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
phrasal verbs in Exercise 1.
4 Cathy was once threatened with legal action over an
article she published because
A it contained information that was inaccurate.
B it included a photograph that she didn’t have
permission to use.
C it was copied from another magazine article.
5 What does Cathy say about online fashion blogs?
A They are a good place to find new writers.
B They are a threat to her magazine business.
C They are popular with her readers.
6 How did Cathy feel about winning an award for her
magazine?
A shocked that someone more famous hadn’t won
B surprised by the opportunities it opened up
C overwhelmed by the attention she received
1 Last year,Chantal the brilliant
idea of selling her old clothes at the Saturday
market.
2 I’m spending far more than I can afford. I’ll really
the amount of shopping Ihave to
do.
3 My dad asked me to
office and post a parcel for him.
the post
4 It ’s an enormous music shop which
all tastes, from classical to heavy
metal.
her sister, so5 Melanie doesn’t like
she’s gone shopping on her own.
6 Shopping in Oxford Street us
, so we decided to take a taxi back
to the hotel.
7 This new film is so popular that it has been
sell-out audiences every day.
the old bicycle
shop last week and are running a bigsocial media
marketing campaign to attract new customers.
9 I never expected to
problems just trying to get my mobile phone fixed.
10 Do you want to come shopping with me? I’m going
those red shoes l ordered.
7 When asked about the fashion industry,Cathy says that
clothing brands need to
A do more to improve the conditions in their factories.
B workharder to reduce the amount of waste.
C use better material when producingtheir clothes.
Listen again. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer (A,
B or C).
0 Work in groups. Discuss the questions.
• Do you think you would like to work in fashion
journalism?
• What would some of the advantages and disadvantages
of this career be?
8 The new owners
so many
to
11 What have you
finished the shopping by now.
12 It ’s a great little cafe to
hard day at work.
? You should have
in after a
Vocabulary
Phrasal verbs
Match the phrasal verbs (1-12) with their definitions (a-l).
1 takeover
2 pull in
3 cater for
4 hang around with
5 chill out
6 be up to
7 pop into
8 wear out
9 cut down (on)
10 come up against
11 come up with
12 pick up
a attract
b collect someone or something
c do less of something or use
something in smaller amounts
d go into a place or visit for a
short time
e have to deal with a problem
f make extremely tired/damaged
g provide what is wanted
or needed by someone or
something
h spend time with someone
i suggest orthink of an idea or
plan
j establish control of / occupy
k be doingsomething
l relax
Work in pairs. Choose the correct option in italics,
then discuss the questions.
1 Some people argue that shops and retail outlets
should cut down on / wear out the amount of plastic
they use. Why is this important? Why might some
shops be reluctant to do this?
2 What issues can people come up against / come up
with when shopping online?
3 What do you do with your old clothes when they are
token over I worn out1
4 When was the last time you picked up / pulled in a
bargain? What was it and where did you buy it?
Spend, spend, spend
Read the sentences in Exercise 2 again. In which sentences can you
replace the phrase in italics with managed tol
For questions 1-4, complete the second sentence so that it has a
similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not
change the word given. You must use between two and five words,
including the word given.
1 Mara has not succeeded in reducing the amount she spends.
CUT
Mara has not been
the amount she spends.
2 You were lucky that you didn’t have an accident - you were
driving so fast.
COULD
You were lucky because
an accident - you were driving so fast.
3 Did you manage to collect my books from the library?
PICK
Were
library?
4 The shop is not able to deal with so many customers at the same
time.
CATER
The shop
of customers at the same time.
Exam candidates often confuse can, could and be able to. Correct
the mistakes in these sentences. One of the sentences is correct.
1 I can’t carry everything, so I had to leave some things behind.
2 I was very happy that I could meet all your friends when I visited
you last month.
3 I’d be grateful if you can advise me about which book to buy.
4 I’m really pleased to hear that you could come to visit me next
month.
5 It would be much easier if we can find the information on the
internet.
6 We could find our way around Rome easily by usingonline maps
on our smartphones.
7 We hope you’ll be able to offer us a discount if we stay in the hotel
for two weeks.
8 A lot of unique markets could be found in London.
Grammar
Modal verbs to express ability
Page 177 Grammar reference
Modal verbs to express ability
o Read the sentences and answer the
question below.
a We could have done this, but didn’t.
b ,so on
please do pick some coffee up next week.
c Our major competitors’ phones all have
larger screens and we realised we could
do likewise.
d The tendency for most retailers to provide
an online service means people can easily
do most of their shopping without leaving
the house.
e You shouldn’t have jumped off the wall. You
were lucky - you could have broken your leg.
f I can drive really well, even though I haven’t
passed my test yet.
g My mum started teaching me the alphabet
when I was very small and I could read by
the age of four.
h We were able to buy a top-of-the-range TV
because it was on special offer.
In which sentences do the underlined
phrases words or phrase mean ...
1 It is possible to do something:
and
2 It was generally possible to do something:
and
3 It was possible but it didn’t happen:
and
my books from the
a large number
&
4 We managed to do / succeeded in doing
andsomething:
o Choose the correct verb or verb form in italics.
1 Even though we were cold and tired, we
could / were able to reach the top of the
mountain.
2 I was so worried that I couldn’t sleep /
couldn't have slept and I lay awake all night.
3 When I was a small child,I could / was able to
sing beautifully,but my voice isn’t so
good now.
4 Can you / Are you able to hear the
neighbours’ television? It’s fartoo loud!
5 Icould buy / could have bought my tablet
more cheaply online,but I got it from my
nearest independent computer shop instead
because I like to support local businesses.
6 Although the shop was very crowded,we
could / were able to get the shoppingdone
quite quickly.
/P/ Pronunciation: linking (1)Speaking Part 1
To speak fluently,speakers often
• do not pronounce the last consonant of a word.
This often happens if the word ends in two
consonants, e.g.next Monday or if it is a short
word ending in ‘t ’.
• do not pronounce the final ‘t’ of negatives such
as didn’t, couldn’t, etc. when the main verb
begins with a consonant.
• linkthe last consonant of the word to the word
which follows when it begins with a vowel.
Listen to these example sentences.
I saw them last week.
I couldn’t find my trainers.
I like eating and talking.
I don’t often buy clothes and shoes.
Look at and listen to Irene’s answer to question 2
in Speaking Exercise 1and notice how she:
• does not pronounce the crossed out letters
• joins the words indicated with _ .
I thinkjt really depends on eachjndividual and
what they’re into. I know people used to say girls
spend more moneyjDn clothes,while boys spend
morej)n technology,butthisjsn’t the casejn reality.
I actually think both boysjand girlsjrften spend
moneyjDn going out to places_and havinga good
time with friends.
Work in pairs. Take turns to read the answer in
Exercise 2 aloud, sentence by sentence, in the
same way.
Page 204 Speaking Bank
Speaking Part1
•Practise by working in small groups, asking and
answering questions about your personal life and
interests. Make sure you choose topics that involve
using a range of phrases.
•Don’t go to the exam with memorised answers, as you
will lose marks for not responding naturally. However,
you can prepare by thinking about the vocabulary to
describe your life, your studies or work, the
neighbourhood where you live, etc. (§J•Look at the examiner while you’re speaking
and try to sound confident.
Read these Speaking Part 1questions and note down a
few ideas you could use to answer each of them. (Do not
write complete sentences.)
1 What things do you enjoy spending money on?
2 What do teenagers in your country typically spend
their money on?
3 Do you have a favourite shop? (Tell us about it.)
4 Is there anything you’d like to buy but can’t afford?
(Why would you like to buy it?)
Read the descriptions of how some exam candidates
answer Part 1questions. Then listen to Peter and Irene
answering the questions in Exercise 1and match the
candidates with these descriptions of the strategies
they use. Write P (Peter), I ( Irene) or B (both).
1 This person is not sure how to answer a
question at first,but then gives quite a long,
complete answer.
2 This person gives lots of other information
about themselves while they give reasons
for their answer.
3 This person gives other information about
themselves as background before they
answer a question.
4 In answerto a question, this person gives
two alternative answers as well as a
combined answer.
Choose three questions from Exercise 1and think how
you will answer them. Use the strategies in Exercise 2.
• When you are ready, work with a partner and take
turns to ask and answer the questions you have
chosen.
• While you are listening to your partner,for each
answer, decide which strategy they are using and how
successfully they are able to use it.
Look at Peter’s answer to question 3 in Speaking
Exercise 1and:
• cross out the final consonants you think he won’t
pronounce
• mark with a _ the words you think he will link.
Then listen to check your answers.
Hmm, I’d haveto think, because I’m not too keen
on shopping actually. Urn, there is one shop I really
enjoy going to. It ’s one of a chain of sports shops
and what I really like about it is just to wander round
and see all the clothes and equipment they sell. I
see things for sports l don’t do but I’d like to try, and
that gives me the idea that one day I could try the
sport, when I can afford the clothes and equipment,
I mean.
Spend, spend, spend
Listen to Irene and Peter each answering the
examiner’s question below. Which strategy (1-
4) from Speaking Exercise 2 do they use?
Writing Part 2: A review
C to^etkfcv.
2 There are three roller coasters.There is a
tunnelof horrors, a terror swing and many
other rides, (apart from)
3 The theme park is quite expensive. It’s well
worth the entrance fee. This includes access
to all the attractions, (although, which)
4 One of the best attractions is a waterslide. You
need to bring a swimsuit. You slide more than
100 metres into a bubbling pool, (if, where)
5 Funtime is about ten kilometres from the town
centre. You don’t have a car.You can get there
by bus. (but,don’t worry, if, because)
6 You can take the bus.You can avoid parking
problems, (in fact, is probably the best way to)
7 I would recommend Funtime.There is a huge
variety of attractions. Everyone who goes
there will be entertained, (because,such, that)
8 You can get a weekend pass. This is an
entrance ticket for the whole weekend.
You will have time to visit every attraction,
(furthermore,which, so)
Write your own answer to the writing task in
Exercise 1. Before you write, think about how
you can use some of the highlighted words in
Eva’s answer in your own review. Write between
140 and 190 words.
Cinecity
Cinecity is an entertainment complex just outside my town where
hundreds of young people go to meet their friends and have a good time
on Saturdays and Sundays. Apart from a dozen screens showing the
latest films, there are cafes, fast-food restaurants, a gym and a
bowling alley.
The cinemas are popular and offer a range of films to suit all tastes,
although I have the impression that most people prefer the other
facilities, which give them the opportunity to talk and do activities
together. In fact, you’ll find the karaoke bar is one of the liveliest spots,
because even if you’ve never done it before, you’ll be encouraged to pick
up the microphone and sing to a live audience.
Cinecity is several kilometres from the town centre, but don’t worry
if you don’t have a car because it’s still easy to get there by public
transport. In fact, taking the train is probably the best way to avoid the
heavy traffic at weekends.
Cinecity is a great place for anyone under the age of 25, because it has
such a variety of things to do that you are sure to have a great time.
Furthermore, you can buy a ticket with a discount to several different
activities, so you’ll have lots to talk about afterwards.
Plan
Paragraph1:.
Paragraph2:.
Paragraph3:.
Paragraph4:. Spend, spend, spend
ggWAV * *
Vocabulary and
grammar review
Vocabulary appear to both could just look look as if
maybe might be doing it perhaps very different
Choose the correct option in italics.
1 Maya spent / passed her holiday painting her room.
2 The new law willcause / have an impact on the way
teenagers spend their free time.
3 Air travelcauses / makes a lot of pollution.
4 People play with their mobile phones to spend / pass
the time when there’s nothing more interesting to do.
5 Bibi studied really hard all weekend, but it had / caused
no effect on her final result in the exam.
6 I had such a good time at Olivia’s party that it caused /
made me happy for the rest of the weekend.
7 I stayed / spent six hours doing homework for my
English class last weekend.
The first photo shows two young people doing archery.
taking part in a competition,
be practising, I’m not sure.
as part of a traditional activity
in their country or because they enjoy the sport.
The second photo shows a (4)
situation. In this photo, there are two older people
playing the piano together. They (5)
very happy and relaxed.
They (1)
or they (2)
They (3) ....
The teenagers in the first photo (6)
be enjoying themselves because they’re having to
concentrate hard in order to hit the target or win the
competition. On the other hand, in the second photo,
they’re just enjoying
they’re
the people (7)
each other’s company and (8)
not taking the music too seriously. In
Grammar
Look at the photos and question for Speaking Part 2.
Then complete the candidate’s answer with the words
and phrases in the box.
photos, the people are enjoying
doing things which need a lot of practice to do well.
(9)
Complete the conversation with the correct form of the
verbs in brackets.
What do the people enjoy about these
free-time activities?
Andy: Why won’t Stephen answer his mobile phone?
[must / switch ) it off while
he was in class and forgotten to turn it back on
again.
Will: He (1)
(can’t / turn) it off because
he didn’t have a class today- his teacher is ill.
( may not / hear ) it, or
(could / leave) it at home.
(might /
answer ) this time.Anyway,why do you want to call
him?
Andy: I want to remind him about the party we’re going
to tonight. He (6)
you know what he’s like.
Andy: He (2)
Will: Well, he (3)
he (4)
Try ringingplanning a wedding can be. 1 T So straight after we got
engaged, we immediately agreed that we’d do our best to avoid all of these ridiculous expenses and to keep things
as stress-free as possible. We thought we’d done a good job of it as well . My mum, Ruby, has agreed to make the
cake, the reception is in my parents’ garden, the dress was 200 online and my fiance, Bryan, is allergic to flowers.
We’re getting married in a registry office. Then, after the reception with our families, we’re going out with our
friends in the evening. It couldn’t be easier, right? The one thing we can’t possibly put off any longer, however,
is choosing how to seat people for dinner at the reception. We’ve been working on it for weeks, but we still can’t
figure it out. 2
We’re really keen to mix the relatives because they’ve never met, seeing as his all live in Australia. My mum and
my step-dad, Jack, are extremely polite and considerate but they’re also very quiet, especially with people they
don’t know, so they’re a bit anxious about meeting Bryan’s parents, Lawrence and Tanya. 3
why I’m worried the four of them will end up feeling quite awkward . Still , we really want them to get to know
each other, and what better opportunity than the wedding reception?
You’d think that adding Bryan’s brother, Fred , to the mix would help, what with how friendly and extroverted
he is. However, wherever I seat Fred I also have to seat his best friend Steve. They have known each other for so
long that they’re simply inseparable. The problem with that is that Bryan’s parents feel a little uneasy about them
attending together. 4
The two people who absolutely must sit next to each other are Laura, my cousin, and her mum, Rebecca. Laura’s
been studying in the USA and Rebecca hasn’t seen her in ten months, so she’s been calling me every week for
three months to check that they can be next to each other. 5
Finally, there are people I just don’t know what to do with . First of all, there’s Mark , my dad, who’s obviously
very keen to attend. 6
I know he and Steve don’t really get along, and Nelly, my sister, who I’m really not concerned about. She’s got such
a bubbly personality she’ll make fantastic conversation wherever we put her.
To sum up, this is definitely harder than it looks!
So you can see
So we’re keeping our fingers crossed that they’re on their best behaviour!
Then there’s Rob, Bryan’s other brother who I really have no opinion about , although
A family affair
Complete the sentences with the present
perfect simple or continuous form of the verbs
in brackets.
Work in groups. Use the information in the text to plan a
seating arrangement at Sophie’s wedding reception.
1 I (visit) friends, so I haven’t
spoken to my parents yet today.
(ask) him to tidy his room2 I
several times.
Sophie
(clean) the kitchen, so what3 I
would you like me to do next?
4 My neighbour (play) the violin
for the last three hours and it ’s driving me mad!
5 Congratulations! You
the exam with really high marks!
(pass)
6 We can’t leave Adrianna to run the shop.
(only work) here forShe
a few days.
(spend) every summer
in Crete since I was a child, so it’ll be sad if we
don’t go there this year.
8 I’m really tired because I
(cook) all day!
7 We
o Exam candidates often make mistakes with the
present perfect simple and continuous. Correct
one mistake with a verb tense in each of these
sentences. Ignore the gaps.
1 I wetehed a new TV series
&Present your seating arrangement to the class. Justify your
choices. Which group has come up with the best arrangement?
Grammar recently.Mue been
and I are friends for2Present perfect simple and continuous
many years.
3 I learnt how to for the pastPage 162 Grammar reference
Present perfect simple and continuous
Look at the pairs of sentences in italics and answer the
questions that follow.
1 a My mum has agreed to make the cake.
b Rebecca has been calling me every week for three months.
Which sentence (a or b) talks about...
1 the result of an activity?
2 the length of an activity?
months.
4 I never met anyone famous before, but I’d really
like to meet
5 I’ve always been wanting to visit
one day.
6 For a while now, I read a lot about
Complete the gaps so the sentences are true for
you, then discuss your answers with a partner.
Ask follow-up questions.
2 a We Ve been working on it for weeks.
b / Ve met Bryan's parents twice before.
Which sentence (a or b) talks about...
1 how many times something has been repeated?
2 changes or developments which are not finished?
3 a Laura's been studying in the USA.
b Fred and Steve have known each other for so long that
they're simply inseparable.
Which sentence (a or b) talks about something which is ...
1 temporary?
2 permanent?
Reading and Use of English Part 2
The housework gap
• In Reading and Use of English Part 2, you read a
text of 150-160 words with eight gaps where words
have been removed. You write one word in each
gap. You are given an example (0).
•This part tests your knowledge of grammar, e.g.
articles (a, the, an), prepositions (to, with, by, etc.),
modal verbs (can, must, should, etc.) auxiliary
verbs (do, did, have, etc.), pronouns
(it, them, which, etc.), conjunctions (and ,
although, but, etc.), quantifiers (much,
few, a little, etc.).
The words must be spelt correctly.
Work in pairs. You are going to read an article about
housework. Before you read, match the verbs (1-7)
to the nouns (a-g) to make phrases for common
household chores.
1 do
2 dust
3 get
4 hang
5 lay/set
6 make
7 sweep
a the beds
b the dinner ready
c the floor
d the furniture
e the ironing / the washing up
f the table
g the washing out to dry
Work in groups. Discuss the questions.
• Who does each of the chores in Exercise 1in your
family, and why?
• Which of the chores do you not mind doing?
Which would you prefer to avoid?
l/tii All Ao OWY* ironing butw&t fotlvt All uevy bust).
V
_M-^ {lAtmAte tkt MinAfcv YIAMJJ bicAusi kfc sAgs
it kelps kiw relAX.
Read the article quickly. What does the word gap in
the headline refer to?
For questions 1-8, read thetext and think of the
word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in
each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
obody looks forward (0)
the house. That 's (1)
extremely frustrating task: you do the washing up
just (2)
the following day, in a never-ending loop. While
there are plenty of men in the world who clean the
house on a regular basis and plenty of women who
do not, a recent study suggests that women
average do 60% more housework
cleaningN it 's an
you can dirty the plates again
(3)
than men.
It has (4)
behind this is that some women, deep down, (5)
rather do it themselves than trust
their partner to do it right. They tend to see the state
of the house (6)
own value, whereas some men do not. So should a
partner (7)
achieve their spouse's standards? The solution in
these cases could be just to accept mess,
, some suggest, would lead to us
having more time to relax. But does anyone really not
prefer to live in a clean house?
argued that the reason
an indication of their
made to work harder to
(8)
A family affair
Now check or complete your answers by using
these clues.
1 This word is used to say why something happens.
{ that ) means in order to.
3 This preposition is used before the word average,
but also with purpose, time and foot.
argued means some people
2 Just
4 It has
have argued
rather means prefer.
6 This preposition is used with see to mean believe it is.
Other verbs followed by this preposition with a similar
meaning are consider and regard.
7 This word is needed to make the verb form passive.
8 This relative pronoun is used to link the two
clauses together.
5
Work in pairs. Do you think that accepting mess is the
best solution, as the article suggests? Would you be
able to do this?
Exam candidates often confuse make and do.Complete the
sentences with the correct form of make or do.
a lot more housework than anyone else in
Vocabulary
&Collocations withagain. He (5)
(might / forget ) -
Will: He (7) (can’t / forget ) - he was
talking about it all yesterday and he was so excited!
•x*>x*>8aa
• • ••••••••:•
: XX-XW.;v.WV.W#
Vocabulary and
grammar review
Vocabulary Grammar
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning
to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change
the word given. You must use between two and five words,
including the word given.
1 Manu didn’t succeed in completing the crossword.
ABLE
Manu
2 We need to use less paper.
AMOUNT
We need to cut
Read the text and decide which answer (A, B, C, or
D) best fits each gap.
According to recent research, teenagers are very
(0) 35 to price.They hunt for (1)
consider high prices a personal insult They plan their
shopping and do not just (2)
on impulse. Interestingly, parents have a lot of
both over how much teenagers spend on
clothes and what they buy, even if the teenagers have
the money themselves from a part-time job.
In short, teenagers worry about their parents’ reaction to
the clothes they (5)
and
into shops and buy
off the crossword.
(3)
(4) paper we use.
3 Katya found the climb so tiringthat she fell asleep at the top.
WORN
. Shops operate in a highly
(6) environment, so they make sure to
(7) for young people’s tastes by having a wide
range of fashion clothes in (8) at any one time.
the climb that she fell asleep at theKatya
top.
4 Pierre was unable to suggest an answer to the problem.
0 A sensible
C affected
COME
Pierre
B sensitive
D considerate an answer to the problem.
5 Did you manage to collect Paz from the station?
PICK
Were you
6 When Alexis reached the cinema, the film had finished.
GET
Alexis did not
1 A values
C bargains
B cheapness
D decreases
from the station?
2 A jump
C enter
B pop
D pass
the film was over.3 A impact
C pressure
4 A earned
C gained
B importance
D influence Write as or like in each of the gaps.
B won
D acquired When my grandfather left school at the age of 14, he got
his first job (1)
days, he was extremely thin, (2)
paid very much and couldn’t afford to eat a lot. But he was
in the same situation (3)
that time, (4)
that age and had to look for a job. I have one or two photos
of him from that time, and he looks just (5)
me, but thinner! When he grew older, he worked at all
sorts of things, such (6)
local newspaper and working (7)
time mechanic. (8)
generation, he worked hard all his life, but he always found
time for the things he enjoyed , (9)
an office assistant. In those
he wasn’tB achieve
D obtain
5 A invest
C purchase
6 A competent
C contested
a lot of boys at
. most children left school atB competitive
D combative
7 A offer
C sell
B cater
D supply reporting for a
a part-
many people of his8 A stock
C place
B shelf
D existence
walking
in the countryside or spending time with his grandchildren.
him when I'm an old man!I hope I’ll be (10)
Look at the sentences below. Check any unknown Reading and Use of English Part 6vocabulary, then tick the sentences that are true for you.
Compare your answers with a partner.
I once... •Read the text, looking carefully at the
ate some food that had gone off and I got food poisoning. information before and after each gap.
tripped over something on the floor and got badly • After choosing a sentence, underline theinjured.
words before and after the gap whichhad a bad allergic reaction to penicillin. tell you the sentence fits. This will help
broke my wrist or ankle. you to make sure you have chosen
coughed and sneezed at the same time. the right sentence.
bumped my knee really badly.
was stung by an insect.
caught a bad stomach bug and threw up a lot.
scratched a very itchy insect bite until it bled.
Work in groups.You are going to read an article about
a new health initiative called #VerifyHealthcare.
Before you read,discuss these questions.
• When you feel ill, what do you do to find out what’s
wrong?
• Why do you think many people check their
symptoms online before going to see a doctor? What
are the advantages and disadvantages of doingthis?
Read the article carefully, ignoring the gaps. Note the
subject of each paragraph in the margin as you read.
Work in pairs.Six sentences have been removed
from the article.Underline words which may refer to
something in the article and discuss what they may
refer to.
Mt 'tkern’?
Axt tKevz reAsons listed in tkfc text?
Work in pairs. Use the words in bold in Exercise1to guess
what happened to the people in pictures1-5.
Give as much detail as you can.
Listen and check your answers.
ft
Now listen again and note down other words related to
health that the speakers use. Then retell the stories in pairs.
Work with a different partner.
• Which speaker do you think had the worst problem? Why?
• Have you ever had any similar illnesses, accidents or
injuries? Use the vocabulary in Exercise 1to tell your
partner what happened.
#VerifyHealthcare and the Association
for Healthcare Social Media
What do you do when you your arm starts itching, your leg starts
randomly hurting or you're feeling lightheaded for no obvious reason?
A recent study has revealed that the first thing most people do is turn
to the internet
Despite common sense dictating it to be the best course of action, consulting a health professional isn’t most
people’s first choice when they feel unwell. 1 Others simply want to ensure that seeking help is in fact
necessary, so as not to put pressure on understaffed healthcare facilities and preferring instead to gather as
much information as possible before going to see a doctor.
People consult a number of sources of information made available by modern technology, such as online forums
or apps. 2 They’ve also been known to be life-saving in emergency situations. One example of this was
when an American tourist was trapped for 65 hours during the 2010 earthquake in Haiti, and managed to tend to
his head wound and leg fracture using information he found on an app on his phone, until he was rescued.
While some apps and online forums have served people well, others have been at the forefront of the healthcare
misinformation epidemic that is currently afflicting our society. Such harmful fake news is often to be
found in very accessible social media channels, such as YouTube. The popular video site has in fact been under
scrutiny recently,not only for allowing ads to run on videos sharing such content, thus allowing individuals
spreading misinformation to make a profit, but also because of its algorithm that recommends these videos after
a user has watched more reputable ones. YouTube is now taking action to correct this issue.
Savvy internet users will know to steer clear of these channels, and only trust information given by trained
physicians and health organisations. 4 One of these is that there have yet to be any clear standards with
regard to transparency. Why is this online doctor promoting this drug? Where do they work? Are they paid by a
pharmaceutical company to give such advice?
Another cause of misinformation is the unquestionable trust some internet users place in individuals who claim
to be trained and certified doctors, but in fact aren’t - a phenomenon which is more common than you might
think. | 5 Considering the difficulty this creates for ordinary people with busy lives, it is perhaps no surprise
that many make unfortunate decisions about their healthcare simply due to a lack of information.
To combat all these sources of health-related misinformation, Austin Chiang, who is currently the chief medical
social media officer at Jefferson Health in Philadelphia, has founded the Association for Healthcare Social Media
(AHSM), whose objective is to bring transparency to health-related advice online and educate the general public
in these matters. The hashtag which he started, #VerifyHealthcare, has already caused ripples in social media
circles by inviting a growing number of doctors to speak out online against inaccurate advice and information.
6 For example, some physicians simplymay not know how to approach social media and turn it into a
force for good, while others may consider it a waste of time and prefer to communicate through more academic
channels. But in doing so, they might regrettably leave their knowledge out of reach for the general public.
0\akiA people look
fov ke l̂tk AA\}\CI
oKlute
A The vast majority of them are typically averse to attention online, fora number
of reasons.
B Apps are disastrous from this point of view, and should be avoided as an
information source.
C However, it is often unclear what steps the general public should take to verify
such people’s professional qualifications.
D The latter have been found to be as accurate at giving a diagnosis as phone lines
manned by health professionals.
E Some live in regions of the world where doingso is a remarkably expensive
ordeal.
F Examples range from the promotion of unproven treatments for serious
diseases to encouraging public mistrust of medically trained professionals.
G Nevertheless, there are hidden dangers that go hand-in-hand with these
seemingly cautious approaches.
o Choose from the sentences
(A-G) the one which fits each
gap (1-6). There is one extra
sentence which you do not
need to use.
Work in pairs. Has the text
changed your view of online
health advice?
Medical matters
Grammar Read the sentences. Write D for defining or ND
for non-defining after each sentence. Then add
the relative pronouns, using that when possible.
1 The village
my holidays has a very healthy climate.
Relative pronouns and relative clauses
Page 178 Grammar reference
Relative pronouns and relative clauses
Complete these sentences from Reading and Use of English
Part 6 with one word in each gap.
I go for
2 MrsAltmeyer,
train,is a nurse.
3 The children
been talkingto all go to the same school.
you met on the
1 ... others,however, have been at the forefront of the
healthcare misinformation epidemic
currently plaguing our society.
you’ve
is
2 Another cause of misinformation is the unquestionable
trust some internet users place in individuals
simply claim to be trained and certified
4 Have you still got the book
I lent you?
5 My older brother,
a solider for many years, is concerned
by how inactive people are these days.
wasdoctors ...
is currently the chief
medical social media officer at Jefferson Health in
Philadelphia, has founded the Association for Healthcare
objective is to bring
transparency to health-related advice online and educate
the general public in these matters.
4 Some live in regions of the world
is a remarkably expensive ordeal.
Read sentences A and B and answer the questions.
A I had an accident and the ambulance took me to the
hospital which is near the university.
B I had an accident and the ambulance took me to the
hospital, which is near the university.
3 Austin Chiang,
6 Students
often do better at school.
eat a good breakfastSocial Media (AHSM),
In which sentences could you omit who or which?
doing so
e Exam candidates often make mistakes with
relative pronouns. Each of these sentences
contains one wrong word or one extra word. Find
and correct the mistakes.
1 The swimming club it ’s near the central station
is the most popular one in town.
2 I’m optimistic that the knee specialist, his
reputation is outstanding,will be able to treat
my injury successfully.
3 She’s a student of yoga,that is practised by
thousands of people in this country.
4 Can I read that essay which you wrote it last
week?
5 Gaby’s friends, who you met them this
morning, are going to the beach this afternoon
if you want to come.
6 I’m afraid I can’t understand that you are
saying.
7 Aziz lives in a large house which it has a view of
the sea.
8 There are two major football teams in our city,
but Chen supports the team which it won the
league last year.
co
1 Which sentence implies there is more than one hospital in
the speaker ’s location?
2 In which sentence could you use that instead of which?
3 Which sentence has a defining relative clause and which
has a non-defining relative clause?
Join the sentences using a relative clause.
1 Did you see the film? They broadcast it on television
last night.
i& iA ^ou su tl\t {i(m / ^kick tkfctf broA^cMt OK
televisioK U$t niakt?
2 He studied hard for his maths exam. He found it
quite easy.
3 The man is a taxi driver. They sold the car to him.
4 Could you give me the newspaper? You were reading it
earlier.
5 That white house over there is the house.He was born
there.
6 Where’s the envelope? I put the money in it.
7 Every morning, I go running in the park with Holly. You
know her brother.
8 Katelyn and Faiza are on holiday in the Caribbean at
the moment.We’re looking after their dog.
You are going to hear five people talking about
their job as a doctor. Before you listen, underline
the main idea in each statement A-H.
A I get a lot of respect from other people.
B I miss out on big social events outside of work.
C Pay and working hours are not the most
important aspects of my job.
D I enjoy the challenge of working under pressure.
E I typically work more hours than I’m supposed to.
F I receive a good salary for the work I do.
G I suffer from stress-related illnesses.
H I get to speak at medical conferences.
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
Speaker 5
Now listen. For speakers 1-5, choose from the list
(A-H) what each speaker says about their job. Use
the letters only once. There are three extra letters
which you do not need to use.
Work in pairs.
• Would you like to be a doctor? Why / Why not?
• What do you think are the biggest challenges of
being a doctor?
• Would you be happy speakingto a doctor
online instead of goingto a doctor’s surgery?
Why / Why not?
• Some people think that doctors are overpaid.
Do you agree?
Listening Part 3
Before you listen, you should read and think about the
meaning of each option.
•Wait until each speaker finishes before you choose an
answer.
•Remember that the speakers may talk
about something connected with other
sentences, but there is only one correct
option for each speaker.
Look at the photos. What might these people like and
dislike abouttheir jobs?
Medical matters
Vocabulary
Idiomatic expressions
It’s important to be able to guess the meaning of
idiomatic expressions from the context. Match the
underlined expressions (1-6) in these extracts from
Listening Part 3 with their definitions (a-g) below.
• I get (1) to rub shoulders with leading professionals in
my field and hear them discuss the latest developments
in healthcare.
• We’re often (2) thrown in at the deep end, trying to help
huge numbers of people as quickly as possible without
compromising on the quality of care.
• I work in the latter simply because I can earn so much
more.Those who work in the former are often (3) taken
aback when I tell them this,but we all have bills to pay.
• (4) In mv eves, it’s a reward for constantly being
(5) rushed off my feet and givingup large amounts of
my free time to help others.
• I deal with a wide range of issues as a doctor, from
patients who are (6) a little under the weather to those
suffering from serious diseases.
• There were a few (7) teething problems at the
beginning;getting the equipment set up, ensuring we
had enough personnel on site, that sort of thing.
a surprise or shock someone so much that they don’t
know how to respond
b be very busy
c meet and spend time with
d issues at the start of a new process or activity
e mildly ill
f start something new or difficult without help or
preparation
g in my opinion
Read about a teacher who is having a difficult time at
work. Complete each gap with an idiom from Exercise 1
in the correct form.
Reading and Use of English Part 3
Check:
• whether nouns need to be singular or plural.
• whether a prefix and/or a suffix is needed.
• that verbs are in the correct form.
^^
Mha^oiUTav^pelHh^worc^orrectl^
Read this sentence from Reading and Use of English
Part 6 and answer the question below.
... others have beenat the forefront of the
healthcare misinformation epidemic that is currently
plaguing our society.
I always expected there to be a few (1)
at the beginning of my teaching career,but I thought
I’d have the chance early on to spend time with more
experienced colleagues that would be able to help me
with no
What does misinformation mean?
a false or incorrect information
b no information at all
oout. Instead, I was just (2)
support for my first classes. We are all always
with planningand marking
Now read these two sentences and answer the
questions.
He unlocked the front door ond walked in.
1 What does unlock mean?
a lock something wrongly
b open something which is locked
(3)
homework, so we barely have time to chat in the
staffroom,which is making me feel quite isolated.The
stress is getting to me,to the point where I’m constantly
....My friends and family are
when I tell them about my
,teaching is easy!
feeling (4)
often (5)
problems. (6)
The football competition was so disorganised that no
one knew what time their team had to play.
2 What does disorganised mean?
a not organised
b organised badly
Work in pairs. What advice would you give to someone
who is stressed at work?
For questions 1-8, read the text below.
Use the word given in capitals at the end
of some of the lines to form a word that
fits in the gap in the same line. There is
an example at the beginning (0).
9 How would
you react?•UllVu J ]
When you see a person struggling
to breathe during a meal, it might
be due to the (0)
of food in their windpipe. In this
situation, it’s important to take
quickly, before
the airway obstruction leads to a
potential loss of (2)
Our first instinct is to pat their back,
but this technique is often
Which prefix, mis- , un- or dis- , has a different meaning
from the other two?
Complete the sentences with the negative form of the
verb in capitals. Remember to use the correct form of
the verb.
PRESENT
(D ACT
CONSCIOUS
1 CTRL + Z is a really handy shortcut which
the last change you made to a
document. DO
2 I know the news will
unable to offer you the job. APPOINT
3 Ifyou
break. USE
(3) . In order to SUCCESS
ASSISToffer better (4) ,
it ’s essential to know how to perform
a procedure known as the Heimlich
manoeuvre.
you, but we are
the equipment, it will probably
The procedure itself is relatively
simple. There are plenty of
resources
online, though it’s very important to
check that the information comes
from a (6)
4 The knot was so tight that it couldn’t be
.TIE
(5) EDUCATE5 Accommodation is a word which many students
SPELL
6 I can’t find my keys anywhere. They seem to have just
APPEAR RELYsource,
people
are uncertain about attempting this
technique if they haven’t been trained
to do so, but even someone with a
very basic (8)
how the manoeuvre works could
save someone’s life.
7 This isn’t a complete check-up, so you don’t have to
- just take off your shirt. DRESS
Some (7) EXPERIENCE
get
8 I’m afraid you must have been
there’s no concert here tonight. INFORM
of UNDERSTAND
Add a prefix un-, dis- , in- , im- or mis- to form opposites
of these words. In some cases, more than one answer
may be possible.
ability agreement appear aware
certain experienced formal happiness
helpful honest like likely patient
predictable reliable satisfied understand
Medical matters
Speaking Part 2 Antonia ...
spoke for the complete minute
or until the examiner said
‘Thank you*.
compared the photos and
spent roughly equal amounts
of time on each.
answered the examiner’s
question clearly with her
opinion.
gave (a) reason(s) for her
opinion.
found ways of explaining
things when she didn’t know
a word.
Page 206 Speaking Bank
Speaking Part 2 1
•If you can’t think of a word, explain what the
thing is used for or what it looks like.
•Try to use vocabulary relevant to the topic.
^̂ I^DOssible^voicUTesitatin^o^often
^̂ ^̂
2
3
4Match the phrases that can help you in the Speaking exam
with their functions below (A-C).
A when you need time to think
B when you can’t think of the word
C when you’ve made a mistake
1 I can’t think of the word, but it’s a type of ...
2 I’m not sure how to say it, but it’s used for ...
3 I’m sorry, what I meant was ...
4 Let me think ...
5 No,I mean ...
6 What I want to say is that ...
7 What’s the word?
8 Sorry, I mean ...
Work in pairs. Listen to Antonia doing the Speaking Part 2
task below and complete the checklist.
5
corrected her mistakes.6
sounded interested and
enthusiastic about what she
was saying.
7
Work in pairs. Read the examiner’s follow-
up question and different exam candidates’
answers. Then answer the questions below.
Examiner: Now, which activity would you prefer
to do?
I’d prefer to go cycling, because I’m
not very good at cooking and I really
enjoy making,I mean doing,physical
exercise. I find cycling in the city quite
exciting,but if I can, I’d rather cycle in
the country because it’s less polluted.
Makingsalad is better because the
other is dangerous.
Oh, I think cycling is very good for
people’s health,even in the city, and
also it’s important to have a healthy
diet because you know what they say:
We are what we eat!
1 Who do you think gave the best answer,Miguel,
Peter or Nikolai? Why?
2 Match what the examiner might bethinking
with each candidate’s answer.
a ‘Did he listen to my question? He isn’t
answering it at all!’
b ‘This is a good answer: two or three
sentences,he corrects himself and he uses a
variety of vocabulary.’
c ‘Too short! He hasn’t used much language
and he’s not really answeringthe question!’
Miguel:
How important is each activity for staying healthy?
Peter:
Nikolai:
o Work in pairs. Student B should listen to the examiner’s
instructions and do the task. Student A should complete
the checklist in Exercise 2 and give feedback at the end.
/P/ Pronunciation: intonation (3)
ftWe tend to use more intonation on stressed words
than on unstressed words
Work in pairs. Look at this extract from Antonia’s
answer. Underline the words you think she stresses.
Then listen and check your answers.
OK, so both photographs show people doingthings
which might be good for their sanity, sorry,I mean
their health. In the first photo I can see someone who
looks as if he’s,um, what’s the word, he’s commuting
by bicycle in busy traffic.
Listen to the extract with two different intonations.
In which version,a or b, does the speaker sound
more certain and confident?
• Does the speaker’s voice rise or fall on the
final stressed word in each sentence? What does
this show?
Why is it important for these people to deal with
their problems?ft
©
^
© Take turns to read the extract in Exercise 1aloud.
Your partner should say whether your intonation is
more like version a or b.
© Decide which words will be stressed in these two
extracts. Then listen to check your answers.
j I’d say there are some problems with the idea of
health in the first photo because of the danger
from the traffic, especially because he’s cycling
in the night, I mean, the dark, and the um, I can’t
think of the word, but it ’s a type of smoke which
comes from the cars.
b On the other hand, if you live in the city, it ’s a
good way of getting exercise. In the second photo,
the people should remember that they need to eat
a mixed, sorry, a balanced diet, not just salad
and fruit.
Does the speaker sound more certain and more
confident in extract a or b? Why? Take turns to read
these extracts aloud.
(ft a
Work in pairs.
Student A: Listen to the examiner’s instructions and
do the SpeakingPart 2 task in Exercise 2.
• Student B: Listen and complete the checklist in
Exercise 2 for your partner. When your partner has
finished, give feedback.
ft •
© Now, Student B should listen to the examiner’s follow-
up question and answer it.ft o Now Student A should listen to the
examiner’s follow-up question and answer it.ft
Medical matters
Work in pairs. Discuss whatthe strong points and weak
points of this essay are. Then say what comments
you would write at the endif you were this student’s
teacher.
Writing Part 1
Page 192 Writing Bank
An essay
It seems strange that although we know a lot about
how to live healthily, many people continue to do
things which may be harmful to their health.
There are many parts of our lifestyles which enable
us to live healthily. For instance, we all know about
the importance of eating a balanced diet and taking
regular exercise. Moreover, in many countries, we
have easy access to good-quality fresh food and
suitable sports facilities, so it should be easy to
adopt healthy living habits.
However, there are things which prevent people from
having a healthy lifestyle. For example, industry and
traffic have led to serious environmental pollution.
What is more, we spend a lot of time sitting down,
and this often means we have less time for activities
which keep us fit. For example, there are many
people who spend many hours sitting in front of
computers working, studying, or playing games. In
addition, many people do not eat the right sorts of
foods.
•Your concluding paragraph should summarise your
opinion and the reasons for it.
•Don't include new ideas in your final sentence
because you won’t be able to support them
with reasons or examples.
•Be careful not to spend too long on Part 1,
or you won’t have time to do Part 2 well.
Work in groups. Look at the discussion question
below. Discuss and note down at least three healthy or
unhealthy aspects for each discussion point (a-e). When
you have finished, change groups and report what your
group decided.
Do you think modem lifestyles are healthy or not?
Talk about:
a the environment and health
b diet
c work activities
d information, e.g. about exercise, diet
e free-time activities. Work in pairs. Read these concluding paragraphs and
decide which one is the most suitable for the essay in
Exercise 3.Work in pairs. Read the writing task and:
• Underline the main ideas in the task.
• Decide which points from your discussion you would
include in your answer and write a plan. 1 All in all, I believe that we have to find ways ofliving which are as healthy as possible. Also, Ithink people should try to drive more carefully.
2 In conclusion, I would agree with the
H statement because although we have
plenty of opportunities to follow a healthy
lifestyle, in practice we often choose a less
healthy alternative.
In your English class, you have been talkingabout
whether modern lifestyles are healthy or not.
Now your English teacher has asked you to write an
essay.
Write your essay usingall the notes and giving reasons
for your point of view.
HTo summarise,modern lifestyles have good
and bad aspects,but the lifestyle we choose
depends on us. However, often our health
depends on factors which we cannot control.
Modern lifestyles can seriously endanger our health.
Do you agree?
Notes
Write about:
1. food
2. physical activity
(your own idea)3.
Write your essay.
Match the teacher’s comments (a-c) to the concluding
paragraphs in Exercise 4.
a A good brief final paragraph where your opinion is
clearly stated and you summarise the main arguments
of your essay.
b This concluding paragraph doesn’t seem to sum up
the arguments you expressed in the main part of the
essay,but it sums up other arguments. What a pity,
because it’s well written!
c You’re giving an opinion which is not exactly
connected with the essay question. Also, your final
sentence introduces a new argument which hasn’t
been dealt with in the main part of the essay, so it’s
not really a conclusion.
If you’re not sure how to begin a paragraph, you can
begin with a sentence which:
• says what the paragraph will contain
• relates the paragraph to the previous paragraph.
Do this writing task. Write between 140 and 190 words.
Before you write, make a plan. When you write, use the
essay in Exercise 3 as a model.
In your English class,you have been talking about how
interested youngpeople are in health and fitness. Now
your English teacher has asked you to write an essay.
Write your essay usingall the notes and giving reasons
for your point of view.
Essay question
Young people generally don’t pay enough attention
to their health and fitness.Do you agree?
Notes
Write about:
1. physical exercise
2. other habits which affect health
(your own idea)3.
Write your essay.
Look at the opening sentences (a and b) from
paragraphs 2 and 3 of the sample answer in Exercise
3 and answer the questions.
a There are many parts of our lifestyles which enable us
to live healthily.
b However, there are things which prevent people from
having a healthy lifestyle.
1 What information will each paragraph contain?
2 Which word relates one of the paragraphs to the
previous paragraph?
Write opening sentences for paragraphs which will
contain:
1 some advantages of findingmedical information
online
2 some disadvantages of modern diets
3 reasons exercise is important
4 dangers of taking too much exercise
Work in groups. Discuss whether you agree or disagree
with the statement in the essay question in Exercise 9.
You can talk about:
• diet
• sport and exercise
• free-time activities.
Medical matters
r•••••••* • •
^•%v!v!v*
B They provide good quality eggs.
C People are willing to pay a high price to buy their eggs.
5 You hear a woman talking about foxes.
What common misconception about foxes does she
mention?
A There are too many foxes living in cities.
B They are dangerous to humans.
C They can be a hazard for motorists.
6 You hear a mother talking to her son about animals.
What is she doing?
A teasing him about how much time he spends with
his pet
B advisinghim on how to look after animals
C remindinghim about an appointment
7 You hear a woman talking about frogs.
What difficulty do they have in her town?
A locating water habitats
B avoidingthe large crowds of people in the town
C safely reaching the pools they like to breed in
8 You hear a woman talkingto her husband about their next-
door-neighbour’s cat.
Why does she mention the cat?
A to make a complaint
B to offer a suggestion
C to get some advice
you
the children while2 Can you
they’re in the swimmingpool,to make sure
they’re safe?
3 You need to your dog,
especially when you’re walking it in busy
streets.
4 The new law
building houses near national parks.
5 There was a man who was
tickets as people walked into the stadium.
6 I think we should set out early to
the worst of the traffic.
7 You ought to be wearing a hat to
your head from the sun.
8 It’s the chemistry teacher’s responsibility to
students when they’re doing
experiments to make sure nothing explodes!
9 Make sure you
mistakes before you hand it in.
10 We should always respect the forces of
nature, because we will never be able to
them.
people from
the
your essay for
Animal kingdom
Complete the sentences with an adverb+verb
collocation from the box in the correct form.
Now look at these sentences and answer the questions
below.
a If I had seen that bigcat in the wild, I would have been
scared to death.
b If I saw that bigcat in the wild,I would be scared to
death.
Which sentence (a or b) ...
1 means: It s not likely that I will see that big cat in
the wild?
2 describes an imaginary situation in the past?
3 has this form: if + past simple,would + infinitive?
4 has this form: if + past perfect,would have + past
participle?
5 is known as a second conditional? (see pages
54-55)
6 is known as a third conditional?
7 has the same form as If I hadn't frightened it away,
it would have attacked the birds in Exercise1?
avoid ...at all costs check ... carefully
closely supervise heavily protect
narrowly avoid properly protect
strictly control successfully prevent
the bear from attackingthem by1 Ben
making a lot of noise.
2 Juan
front of his car.
an accident when a dog ran in
3 The camp is ,with a high fence and
an alarm to prevent dangerous animals from getting
in.
4 The number of visitors to the game reserve is
to avoid upsetting the animals.
5 Tourists visiting the park need to be
to make sure they don’t go too near the wild animals.
6 When it rains heavily, you should
crossing the river
be very strong.
7 You need to
o,as the current can Exam candidates often make mistakes with tenses in
third conditional sentences. Complete the sentences
with the correct form of the verb in brackets.&your route
on the map before you start, as you
1 If Martin had concentrated on his work, he
(finish) it earlier.
(know) that the train was going to
be so late, I would have caught an earlier one.
3 If there had been a swimming pool in the garden,I
(go) swimmingin it.
4 John could have spoken to Emma if his phone
(not be) stolen.
5 We wouldn’t have become friends unless you
(sit) next to me on the school bus.
(enjoy)
could easily get lost.
8 Rhinos are an endangered species and need to be
by game wardens. 2 If I
6 If you had been there,you
yourself, too!
7 Sorry! I
I’d known you were asleep.
8 We wouldn’t have heard the burglar downstairs if the
(not bark).
(not make) so much noise if
dog
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
• What would have happened if you’d got up an hour
laterthis morning?
• How would your life have been different if you’d been
born 50 years ago?
• What was the last exam you passed? What would have
happened if you’d failed the exam?
Grammar
Third conditional and mixed conditionals
Page 179 Grammar reference
1bird conditional and mixed conditionals
Look at this sentence from Listening Part 1(extract 8)
and then decide whether the statements (1-3) are true
(T) or false (F).
I Colin's cAt in ouv ^ AXALA tAAitr on. It k^n^in^Around ne^r tki bWA [ttAtr. I{ I MMnt (vi^kten^ it it
^ouiA kA\ji MtAcktA tkfc bivvls.
1 The woman frightened the cat away.
2 The cat attacked the birds.
3 The speaker is talkingabout the past.
If you want to talk about past and present time in
the same conditional sentence, you can combine
the second conditional with the third conditional.
Look at the two sentences. Which part of each
sentence
(a or b) ...
• is a second conditional, and which part is a third
conditional?
• refers to the present time,and which part refers
to the past?
1 if we lived in a safer area.3
we wouldn’t have bought a dog,b
2 I’d be happier,3
if my parents had bought a house in the country.6
Complete the second sentence with the correct
form of the verb in brackets (second or third
conditional) so it means the same as the first
sentence.
For questions 1-4, complete the second sentence so that it
has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word
given. Do not change the word given. You must use between
two and five words, including the word given.
1 Marcelo often misses school, so his teacher did not let him
go on the school trip.
ALLOWED
If Marcelo went to school more often, his teacher
to go on the
school trip.
2 We were late leaving home,so we missed the concert.
EARLIER
If we
not have missed the concert.
,we would
3 I did not ask my geography teacher any questions in class
because she is quite frightening.
LESS
If my geography teacher was
asked her some
questions.
4 Franz did not understand because the guide spoke too
quickly.
SLOWLY
If the guide ,
Franz would have understood.
1 My dad doesn’t have a car,so he didn’t drive me
to my dancing lesson yesterday.
If my dad (have) a car,he
(drive) me to my dancing lesson
yesterday.
2 Katie feels nervous about the test because she
didn’t study last weekend.
If Katie (study), she
(not feel) nervous about the
test.
3 Our dogbarks too much, so we didn’t take him on
holiday with us.
If our dog (not bark) so much, we
(take) him on holiday with us.
4 Karl was very rude to me, so we are no longer
friends.
(not be) so rude to me,we
(still be) friends.
5 My sister borrowed my favourite jacket and left it
on the train.
If Karl
If I (know) my sister would lose
(not lend) it to her.my jacket, I
6 I met my husband at my best friend’s wedding.
If my best friend
married, I
husband.
(not get)
(not meet) my
Animal kingdom
For questions1-8,read the text again and decide
which answer (A,B,C or D) best fits each gap.There
is an example at the beginning (0).
0 A situates
C stands
1 A extends
C spreads
2 A available
C achievable
3 A referred
C named
4 A made
C found
5 A came up
C ended up
6 A anything
C everything
7 A address
C inform
8 A make
C set
Work in pairs.
• Would you like to visit Aoshima? Why / why not?
• Do you think that tourist attractions involving
animals are a good idea? Why / why not?
• At what age should children be allowed to
have a pet?
Reading and Use of English Part 1
B lies
D rests
B covers
D contains
B suitable
D accessible
B called
D known
B seen
D taken
B setup
D grew up
B nothing
D something
B report
D announce
B get
D go
•Read the words before and after the gap carefully.
•Try all the options in the gap before deciding. Make
sure the word you choose makes sense with any words
(prepositions, articles, conjunctions etc.) after the gap.
•Read the text again carefully when you
have finished.
• Make sure you choose an answer for all
the questions.
Work in pairs. You are going to read a short article about
an island in Japan with lots of cats.Beforeyou read,
discuss these questions.
• Do you like to see animals when you travel? What is
the most unusual animal you have seen?
• Why do you think cats are such popular pets to keep?
Scan the text quickly. What do the numbers below
refer to?
1.6 0.5 120-130 13 1:10
i
A
> i
it:i
In the south-west of Japan, just off the coast of
Matsuyama, (0)
Aoshima. It is roughly 1.6 km in length,
anarea of just under 0.5
lii& the island of v 1
'V*l(1) J.If A15f II? i miOnce a popular fishing village, it is now more
commonly (3)
owing to the large number of felines who have
the island their home. How the
on the island is
of a mystery but it is believed
that fishermen of the past adopted these furry
creatures to help rid their boats of mice.
Recent surveys (7)
between 120-130 cats on the island, compared to
13 residents, meaning that cats outweigh humans
by a ratio of 1:10. It 's not surprising, then, that
thousands of tourists (8)
island every year to photograph and help look
after these feline inhabitants.
£pto as Cat Island,
r j j
c*r; Mr
\̂v
V/su ff(4) \ n V
cats (5)
-1 (6)
;I
HL that there arev
*M/-
& /'
& w -for the • • > Lfc&F"
•f%3 #31 .v
* mv iTk ft,
1 T \
W7s, \VI9132 A
:Jfeilsi
...»
Exam candidates often confuse wish and hope. Read the
sentences and decide when wish is used correctly and when
you should use hope instead.
1 It was lovely seeing you and I wish to see you again very
soon in my house, kope
2 Going to the theme park together was great and I wish you
enjoyed the experience.
3 I wish I’d visited you last summer when I had the chance.
4 I’m looking forward to having news from you soon and I
wish you have a good time in New York.
5 My neighbour ’s children are always shouting;I wish they
wouldn’t be so noisy.
6 The performance was really good but I wish more people
will come next time.
7 Idon’t get many letters from you and I wish you’d write to
me more often.
8 We wish you enjoy your stay at our hotel while you’re here
in Tokyo.
Grammar
wish, if only and hope &
Page 180 Grammar reference
wish, if only and hope
Read the sentences (a —f) and answer the
questions below.
a I wish we had seen the new panda cubs at the
zoo.
b I wish the dog next door wouldn’t bark,especially
at night.
c My aunt has a white cat,and I wish I had one too.
d If only I was still living in Italy!
e We get quite a variety of birds at this time of year.
I always hope the cats don’t get them.
f I hope you enjoy your holiday and have good
weather!
For questions 1-5, complete the second sentence so that it
has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word
given. Do not change the word given. You must use between
two and five words, including the word given.
1 It’s a pity I can’t cook well.
BETTER
I wish I
2 I regret not studying harder when I was at school.
STUDIED
If only
at school.
3 I want the neighbours to stop making so much noise.
MAKE
I wish the neighbours
cook.
1 In which sentences is the speaker talking about
something in the present?
2 In which three sentences is the speaker saying
he/she would like the present situation to be
different?
3 In which sentence is the speaker complaining
about an activity which is annoying?
4 What tenses are possible after wish and if only
when referring to present time?
5 In which sentence is the speaker talking about
something which happened in the past?
6 What tense is used after wish (and if only ) when
referring to past time?
7 In which sentence is the speaker talking about
something in the future?
8 What tense can be used with the verb after hope
when we talk about the future?
when I was
noise.
4 What a pity that they cancelled the match!
CALLED
If only they
match.
5 I’m sorry you didn’t meet my brother.
WISH
my brother.I
Animal kingdom
Reading and Use of English Part 7
Read questions1-10 and underline the main idea in
each.
Which person...
1 didn’t immediately realise he’d been injured?
2 was unwilling to injure an animal?
3 believes his behaviour caused the attack?
4 gave advice which was ignored?
5 was with people who lacked the knowledge to help
him?
6 was informed that they may have missed an
opportunity?
7 was disappointed by the outcome of his encounter?
8 thinks he might not have been injured at another time
of day?
9 was happy at first to see the animal which later
attacked him?
10 was surprised to eventually escape?
•If you see a word you don't understand, and
you think you need to understand it to answer a
question, try to guess what it means by reading the
other words around it.
If you have unanswered questions after you
have read all the texts, scan the texts again
to find the information you need, rather
than trying to read them in detail again.
y—|Exam
I adviceI
L 4
Work in groups.You are going to read a magazine article
about people who have been attacked by animals.
Before you read,discuss these questions.
• Are there any dangerous wild animals in your country?
• What do you think you should do if you see a
dangerous animal?
Surviving an animal attack
No matter how well prepared you are as a traveller,
animals can still attack you. Our advice? Keep your distance!
A Colin Bristow
I was working as a safari guide in
Botswana with four American clients.
There was a sudden movement to my left,
and a charging elephant crashed through
some small trees less than 20 feet away.
I always brief my clients that you should
never take your eyes off a dangerous
animal or show signs of fear or panic. I
turned to face it and was immediately
knocked over by one of the clients
screaming ‘Run, run!’ at the top of his
voice. I landed on my back between the
exposed roots of a large acacia tree. My
backpack got tangled with one of the roots
so that I couldn’t move.The elephant was
standing over me, smashing his thick trunk
into the roots on either side of my body.
Elephants have poor eyesight and this may
have been what saved me. I managed to
free myself from my backpack and I ran
for my life, hardly daring to believe that the
elephant wasn’t chasing me.
B Chris Haslam
I was camping on a beach in Mexico.
It was sunset and I was walking along the
coast looking for firewood when I noticed
a dead cactus which was perfect for the
fire. I bent to lift it and, perhaps because of
the fading light, failed to notice the danger.
I felt the lightest prick against my middle
finger and thought I’d brushed against a
cactus spine. But it was a scorpion! The
pain was intense and sudden. By the
time I arrived back at camp, my lips were
numb and I was shaking. In the absence of
qualified medical opinion,my companions
carried on with their game of cards.
The next morning, I showed the sting to
a local.
‘Did you play cards with the others
last night?’
‘Course not,’ I replied. ‘I was too ill.’
He raised his eyebrows. Too bad.
Scorpion stings are very lucky,my friend.’
C Baz Roberts
On our penultimate night on the Arctic
ice, as we were returning from the Pole, I
was just falling asleep when the voice of
one of my travelling companions, Paul,
woke me: ‘Guys, there's a bear in the
camp. I’m serious!’ I leant forward on my
knees to unzip the tent door. Directly in
front was a polar bear, about ten metres
away. It heard the sound of my tent zip and
turned to face me, all 600 kilos or so of him.
Due to melting ice, the polar bear’s
habitat is under threat and may one day
disappear. As an intruder in their fragile
world, I wanted to avoid causing it any
harm. I started screaming and waving my
arms.When he got to about three metres
away, I threw a handful of coffee powder
towards the bear. If he hadn’t turned and
walked off at that moment, we wouldn’t
have survived.
D Zebedee Ellis (aged nine)
I was at a zoo and dinosaur park with
Mummy and Daddy two years ago. I had
eaten about 400 tons of ice cream and
now I wanted to see more animals. In a
large open area next to a pond, Daddy
saw some big fat pelicans, all full of fish.
‘There you are!’he said. ‘Some animals for
you to annoy.’
I was very pleased and danced up
and down in front of them.Then one big
pelican tried to eat my T-shirt. I think it
went for me because I was moving around
so much and that made it nervous, but
I really wish it had made some kind of
scratch on my skin that I could show off to
my friends.
Adapted from the Sunday Times
Now read the article. For questions 1-10,
choose from the people (A-D). Each
person may be chosen more than once.
Work in pairs. Discuss the question.
Do you think people should sometimes
avoid places with dangerous animals in
order to protect the environment as well as
themselves? Give reasons for your opinion.
Work in pairs. Look at the speaking task below, then listen to Sophia
and Javier doing the task and answer the questions.
1 What is goingwrong?
2 What can Sophia do to put things right?
&
potential
impact on
lifestyle
positive effects
on children
'S' Is it a good
idea to keep
animals
as pets?
Speaking Parts 3 and 4
Page 209 and Page 211Speaking Bank
Speaking Parts 3 and 4
building
relationships
with animals
costs of pet
ownership
• Answer the questions in Speaking Part
4 with your opinion backed up with an
example from your own experience, if
possible.
•Be prepared to discuss the
question with your partner -
you will gain marks if you
have a conversation rather
than just speaking one at
a time.
animal
well-being
Now listen to Sophia and Javier doing the task again. What phrases
does Sophia use to interrupt?
Work in pairs. Do the speaking task in Exercise 1, but take turns
playing the role of a very talkative student and a student who wants
to interrupt.
Now listen to the examiner and do the second part of Speaking Part 3.
a word that best fits the gap.
1 I’m sorry about the mistake. The trouble is I
the instructions.UNDERSTAND
2 It was strange. I felt absolutely terrible the first day
and, by the second day,my symptoms had completely
APPEAR
5 His email left us in no doubt about his opinion.
WHAT
It was clearto us
was.
his opinion
3 I felt very with the quality of the food at
that restaurant and I’m thinking of complaining. SATISFY
,she’s very keen and
6 No one finds Chiaro’s jokes amusing.
TELLS
The jokes
4 Although she’s a little
shetries hard.EXPERIENCE
amuse anyone.
5 Luis goes to school even when he’s feelingill because he
missing lessons. LIKE
that I had broken my toe. I thought it6 I was.,
was just a sprain.AWARE
7 The doctors were
a full recovery, but luckily he did. CERTAIN
8 My teacher sent me out of the classroom because she said
my behaviour was
9 Teresa is quite
up. RELY
10 I want to know the truth, so don’t be
me. HONEST
whether Dan would make
in her lesson. ACCEPT
, so I’m not sure if she’ll turn
with
88»
Vocabulary and
grammar review
Vocabulary Grammar
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets. In
some sentences more than one answer is possible.
For questions 1-6, read this text and
decide which answer (A,B, C,or D) best
fits each gap. 1 The lions wouldn’t have attacked us if they
hungry.
2 I wish it
3 If my maths teacher
(not be) so
Due to the destruction of their natural
habitats, more and more animals need to be
by creating nature
reserves and passing laws. The laws are often
designed to (2)
from using land where rare species live.
The idea is that humans and animals
coming into conflict by
not competing for the same land. Sometimes
local people complain about losing farm land
to nature reserves.However, jobs are often
created for wardens, whose job is to (4)
the nature reserves to
make sure everything functions correctly.
Other people get jobs selling tickets to
visitors, and there are also jobs for people
the tickets as the
visitors pass the entrance.In nature reserves
containing dangerous animals, it may only
be possible to visit them by car, and wardens
need to
(be) summer - then we could go to the beach!
(be) illat the moment, we0) (have) a maths test yesterday.
4 If only you (not make) so much noise! I can’t
concentrate on my studies,and it’s really annoying me!
(live) near the city centre.It’s such a long bus
farmers
5 I wish I
ride from here.
6 I think this soup
don’t you?
7 I hope you
restaurant.
(3)
(be) nicer if I’d used a bit less salt,
(change) your shirt before we leave for the
8 I know my mother wishes she
she was my age. (study) harder when
(get) to the cinema in time if there hadn’t been so9 We
much traffic.
to (5) (eat) more breakfast this morning,you wouldn’t10 If you
be feeling hungry now.
Complete the second sentence in each question so that it has a similar
meaning to the first sentence, using the word given in capitals. Do not
change the word given. You must use between two and five words,
including the word given.
(6) the number of cars
entering the reserve to make sure they keep
within reasonable limits. 1 We are lost because we did not bring the map with us.
LEFT
If we
1 A prevented
C avoided
2 A avoid
C prevent
3 A avoid
C miss
4 A check
C prevent
5 A check
C look
6 A look
C prevent
B protected
D defended
B end
D disallow
B prevent
D fail
B control
D supervise
B control
D supervise
B control
D supervise
the map behind,we would not be lost now.
2 Magda only did the work because we gave her the money beforehand.
PAID
Magda would not have done the work unless we
advance.
3 Even if he had worked harder, the result would have been the same.
DIFFERENCE
It would not if he had worked harder.
4 It is a pity I do not get on better with my brother.
RELATIONSHIP
I wish I my brother.
5 Sasha would like Irina to help him from time to time.
ONCE
Sasha wishes Irina
6 Sergei is disappointed because the university rejected him.
TURNED
Sergei is disappointed that the university
a while.
••
House space :::::::r «̂ S
Reading and Use of English Part 5
Think carefully about what the text is actually saying, a
"^^incorrect options will not reflect the true meaning of the
text, although they may sound similar.
• If you aren’t sure of the answer, have a
guess. You won’t lose marks for a wrong
answer.Work in pairs.Take turns to choose a picture and
describe the type of person who might like to live in
each home.Your partner will guess the home.
vjowtoKfc ^ko doesn't like to kAut A lot o( -stuff in tkeiv
kome, 0uko is k^pp^ to liue in A SHIAII spAce. ^itkout too mAKtj
possessions AKM ^Ants to be Able to move Avouni AHM liue in
different pUces.
^ Choose the two most and least important features of
your ideal home from the list (1-10). Then compare your
answers with a partner and match the features to
pictures A-F.
1 a spacious and bright living space, like an open-plan
living room and kitchen
2 in a quiet, peaceful location
3 in a good residential area with respectful neighbours
4 with an outdoor space, such as a balcony, a garden, a
patio or a terrace
5 a central location, close to all the local amenities and
with good transport links
6 recently refurbished, with modern fittings
7 en-suite bathrooms for all the bedrooms
8 allocated car park spaces
9 cosy and compact
10 fully furnished
Work in pairs. You are going to read an extract from a
historical novel about a house in Venice.Before you
read, look at the picture. Do you think you would have
enjoyed life in 18th-century Venice? Why / Why not?
Read the extract quickly. Why does the writer think the
house is in a good location?
For questions 1-8,choose the answer (A,B, C or D)
which you think fits best according to the text.
1 In what way is the house typical of Venice,according
to the writer?
A There are several ways of entering it.
B People live and work in the same building.
C The storage area is not below ground.
D It consists of two separate buildings.
2 What does the word it refer to in line 17?
A the family business
B an entrance
C a floor
D a building
5 What does the incident with the book reveal about Uncle Leo?
A He dislikes having his nephew in his house.
B He has a good sense of humour.
C He has financial difficulties.
D His main interest in books is commercial.
6 In the text as a whole, the writer regards Venice as
A an unusual but impressive place to live.
B a place he couldn’t stay in for a long time.
C an unattractively old-fashioned place.
D a place dominated by money.
Work in pairs. Take turns to describe a house which you have
really enjoyed living in or visiting. You should each speak for
about one minute.
• Before you speak,spend a few minutes planning what you are
goingto say.
• When your partner speaks, listen and think of oneortwo
questions to ask at the end.
3 What does the writer say about his uncle’s
business in the fourth paragraph?
A His printing service is less expensive than
others.
B The business has a lot of customers who
live nearby.
C His businesses is similar to others in the
district.
D The business is one of the oldest printers
still operating in the district.
4 What do we understand about the writer and
his sister from the fifth paragraph?
A They both enjoy reading.
B They used to live together in Venice.
C They don’t write to each other often.
D They don’t expect to see each other soon.
new home in Venice, 1733
Uncle Leo gives me a suspicious look
when 1 call this place the ‘Scacchi Palace'.
It is really a house, called Ca’Scacchi in
Venetian. Anywhere else in the world,
5 this would surely be regarded as a palace,
although it is one in need of a little care
and attention.
Our house is by the side of the little San
Cassian canal and a small square of the
to same name. We have a door which leads
onto the street and two entrances from the
water. One runs under a grand, rounded
arch into the ground floor of the house,
which, as is customary in the city, is
is used instead of a cellar for storingthings.
The second is used for our commercial
activities and it is situated in another
building, which is three storeys high,
attached to the north side, towards the
aoGrand Canal.
Finally, there is yet another exit: a woodei
bridge, with handrails, runs from the first
floor of the house between the two river
entrances straight over the canal and
25 into the square itself . Consequently, 1 can
wander over it in the morning and find
fresh water from the well in the centre of
the square while still rubbing the sleep
from my eyes. Or 1 may call a gondola froi
30 my bedroom window, find it waiting for
me by the time 1 get downstairs and, just
one minute later, be in the middle of the
greatest waterway on Earth: the Grand
Canal of Venice.
Adapted from The Cemetery of Secrets
by David Hewson
35 The house is almost 200 years old, 1 am
told, and built of bricks of a rich dark
brown colour. It has elegant arched
windows and green-painted shutters to
keep out the cruel summer heat. I live on
40 the third floor, in the third room on the
right, with a view over the canal and the
square. When I lie in bed at night, 1 can
hear the chatter and songs of the passing
gondoliers and the conversations in the
45 square nearby. 1 understand why Uncle
runs his business here. The prices are not
too steep. The location of the house is near
the city centre and easy for our clients to
find. Furthermore, the printing trade has
50 many roots in this area of Venice, even if
some of the old publishers from the area no
longer exist .
Oh sister! I long for the day when I can
show you these things instead of struggling
55 to describe them in a letter, which may
take a long time to reach you in Spain!
Venice is like a vast imitation of our old
library at home, full of dark corners and
unexpected surprises, some very close
60 to me. Last night, while searching in the
jumbled corners of the warehouse cellar, I
found a single copy of Aristotle’s Poetics,
published in the city in 1502. I raced to
Uncle Leo with my discovery and - now
65 here's a victory - a smile almost appeared
on his face. A find, boy! This’ll fetch good
money when I sell it down in the market.’
‘May I read a little first, sir?’ I asked, and
felt some anxiety when 1 made the request.
70 Leo has a frightening manner at times.
‘Books are for selling, not reading,’ he
replied immediately. But at least I had it for
the night, since the dealers were by that
time closed .
House space
Complete the sentences with a collocation from
Exercise 3.
1 Teachers get angry when students leave their cars in
their personal
2 If someone makes you feel uncomfortable by standing
too close to you, we say that they have entered your
Vocabulary
space,p/ace, room,area, location and square
Exam candidates often confuse the words space,place,
room,area, location and square.Choose the correct
option in italics in the sentences from Reading and Use
of English Part 5.
1 Uncle Leo gives me a suspicious look when I call this
place / area the ‘Scacchi Palace’
2 When I lie in bed at night, I can hear the chatter and
songs of the passing gondoliers and the conversations
in the square / place nearby.
3 The place / location of the house is near the city centre
and easy for our clients to find.
4 Furthermore, the printing trade has many roots in this
area / place of Venice.
Choose the correct option in italics.
1 We don’t have enough area / space in our garden to
hold the party.
2 I hope I will have enough place / room for all the things
I’ve brought.
3 Sorry I’m late. I just couldn’t find a parkingp/oce /
space anywhere.
4 I’m enclosing a map which shows the location / place
of my school.
5 It’s dangerous to go walking in a mountainous area /
place without the correct equipment.
6 The animals in this zoo have a lot of area / space to
move around in.
7 The concert will take place in the main square / place
in front of the cathedral.
8 The area / space of forest where they’re building the
shopping centre is over 500 years old.
9 There isn’t enough place / space to build more houses
in this neighbourhood.
10 It’s fine for you to stay at our location / place, as we’ve
got loads of room / place.
Work in pairs. Write area,place, room or space in the
gaps to form collocations. Then discuss what each of
them means.
1 hiding/ meeting
2 floor / green / office / parking /
personal / public
3 spare / standing
4 picnic / play / reception
©
3 I love my school. It’s surrounded by ,
with lots of trees and lawns.
4 We need enough bedrooms in the new house to have a
for guests to stay in.
5 I’ll see you at 5 o’clock at our usual
near the station.
6 When you go to the countryside, it’s good to find
where you can sit and eat aa
sandwich.
Listening Part 2
•It is important to read each sentence carefully before
you listen, as this will help you follow the recording.
• When you write your answer, check that it makes
complete sense with what comes before
and after the gap.
•If the answer is a noun, listen to check if it is
singular or plural.
Work in pairs. You are going to hear a student called
Jason giving a talk about a conference on smart homes
that he attended. Before you listen, look at the picture.
How do you think a home can be ‘smart’?
o Complete the sentences with the correct form of have or
get and a verb from the box.
Read the sentences in Exercise 3 and think about the
kind of word or phrase required to complete them.
Now listen. For questions 1-10, complete the sentences
with a word or short phrase.
cut down deliver extend
paint pullout renew0
1 You’ll need to your passport
before we go to America nextIt was Jason’s (1)
go to the conference.
Jason didn’t know about the (2)
he signed up for the conference.
Jason felt nervous about being one of the few participants
who hadn't studied (3)
who advised him to
autumn.
2 She went to the dentist yesterday and
a tooth
when
, so she’s
not feeling too well today.
3 We’re thinking of the house
blue. What do you think?
4 There’s a tree hanging dangerously over the
house,and I think we ought to
During the first day of the conference, Jason learnt that
could now do a wide range of(4) it
complex household chores.
Jason was worried about the (5)
issues some of the smart technology presents.
Jason was most impressed by the ways smart technology
problems.
Jason’s house now features a device that detects water
5 Our house is too small. If we could afford it, we’d
it
all his meals
from the restaurant opposite his flat.
For questions 1-4, complete the second sentence so
that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using
the word given. Do not change the word given. You must
use between two and five words, including the word
given.
1 Someone stole my bagduring the bus journey.
HAD
6 He hates cooking and
can be used to solve (6)
(7)
During the conference, Jason found the
difficult.
Jason would recommend the conference because of the
that can be made.
After the conference, Jason started a
in his hometown.
(8)
(9)
(10) I was on theI
bus.
Work in groups. Which smart technologies would your
ideal house feature?
2 A professional photographer is taking a photo of
Stephan.
PICTURE
Stephan
professional photographer.
Grammar by a
Causative hove and get
3 Marianne wants the hairdresser to change the colour
of her hair.
DYED
Marianne wants to
Page 181Grammar reference
Causative have and get
In Listening Part 2, Jason describes two changes he
made to his house. Look at the sentences below and
answer the questions (1-3).
A I installed a smart thermostat.
B I had a smart thermostat installed.
at the
hairdresser’s.
4 The college rejected Paul’s application.
TURNED
Paul had
college.
the
A I set up a robot vacuum cleaner
B I had a robot vacuum cleaner installed.
1 Which sentences (A or B) did you hear on the
recording?
2 Which sentences (A or B) mean...
Jason did it himself?
Jason asked someone else to do it for him?
3 In the B sentences,who do you think did these things?
House space
Work in groups. Readthe task below.Reading and Use of English Part 2
You have been asked to design your own tiny home.
The size of the house is 25sq in and must include the
following rooms:
• kitchen
• bathroom
• living room
• bedroom
Think about:
• furniture, appliances and storage
• layout, design and light
• innovative ways of saving space in a small home, for
example folding and movable furniture
Design your tiny house then present your idea to the
class. Have a class vote to decide who has created the
best tiny house.
•The words you need are mainly grammatical, for
example verbs or parts of verbs, articles, prepositions,
relative pronouns, phrasal verbs, linking
words, negative forms and possessive
adjectives.
You must spell the words correctly.v.
Work in pairs. Look at the photos and discuss the
questions.
1 What type of home can you see in the photos?
2 What do you think may be the benefits and drawbacks
of living in this home?
3 Would you like to live in this type of home? Why / Why
not?
For questions 1-8, read the article below and think of
the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in
each gap.
Grammar
Expressing obligation and permission
Page 181Grammar reference
Expressing obligation and permission
Work in pairs. You will hear five English students who
are staying with host families while studying in Britain.
Before you listen, make a list of things students who
stay with a host family in your country should and
shouldn’t do, e.g. You should keep your room tidy. You
shouldn't stay up too late.
Living in a tiny home
toAccording (0)
more people across the world (1)
deciding to ditch conventional housing and live in a new
type of accommodation known as ‘tiny homes'. These
temporary, mobile structures are typically made out
traditional building materials and
11sq m up to
recent data, more and
(2)
range from as little (3)
37sq m.
You might find (4) wondering why
anyone would choose to live in (5)
a small space. Well, firstly these small homes can be
extremely economical. Not (6) are
they cheap to build, they also don’t cost much to heat.
Furthermore, the limited room encourages inhabitants to
live a less materialistic life. (7) to the
fact that there isn’t much storage space. Above
(8) , tiny homes allow people to live
rent- or mortgage-free, meaning that they can enjoy a
sense of financial freedom that others can only dream of.
Look at these sentences and then answer the questions
below.
A / can invite my friends to dinner sometimes.
B / hove to help with the housework.
C / con’t take food from the fridge.
D I’m supposed to be bock home early.
E They let me borrow their cor.
F They won’t let me do any cooking.
1 Which phrases in italics have a similar meaning to
a I must?
b Pm not allowed to?
c Pm allowed to?
For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so
that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using
the word given. Do not change the word given. You must
use between two and five words (contractions count as
two words).
1 ‘You can’t go to the club,’ Tariq’s father told him.
ALLOW
Tariq’s father did
to go to the
club.
2 When you do the exam,it’s not necessary to copy out
the question.
HAVE
You copy out2 Which phrase has a similar meaningto Tm supposed
to in D?
a I must be.
b I should, but sometimes I don’t.
Now listen. For questions 1-5, choose which sentence
(A-F) in Exercise 2 best summarises what each student
says. There is one extra letter which you do not need to
use.
1 Miguel
2 Irene
3 Martyna
4 Nikolai
5 Antonia
Which speaker said each of these sentences? Listen
again to check your answers.
1 I don’t hove to do anything around the house.
2 I hod to buy the food and cook it.
3 They don’t allow me to have bigparties.
4 Apparently,I was supposed to phone to say I wasn’t
coming.
5 They didn’t let me invite a couple of friends to dinner
the other day.
6 I needn’t dean the bathroom or do any shopping.
Work in pairs. Complete the table with the phrases in
italics in Exercises 2 and 4.
the question when you do the exam.
3 I shouldn’t wear shoes inside the house.
SUPPOSED
off my shoesI
before I enter the house.
4 You can’t enter the room marked ‘Private’.
ALLOWED
into theYou
room marked ‘Private’.
5 Jasmine wouldn’t lend Amy her car.
LET
Jasmine refused
her car.
6 We were not allowed to use dictionaries during the
exam.
LET
They did
dictionaries duringthe exam.
obligation prohibition no obligationpermission
present
past
House space
Speaking Part 2
Page 206 Speaking Bank
Speaking Part 2
•It is all right to take a few seconds to think about
what you are going to say before you start
speaking.
•Remember you will be asked a question
about your partner’s photos, so pay
^^ attentioi^whil^ouf^aflneM^peaking
^
Work in pairs. Read the examiner’s instructions and
look at the photos. Then brainstorm words and phrases
you could use to talk about each photo.
“Here are your photographs. They show two
different places to live. Id like you to compare the
photographs and say what you think it is like for the
people to live in each of these places."
Look at these words and phrases. Which could you use
with the first photo (1), which with the second photo (2),
and which with both (B)?
close to nature
fresh air
maintain a lifestyle
organic food
spend quality time
pollution
environment
hi-tech
occupants
a rural setting
social life
sophisticatedentertainment
Work in pairs. Listen to Peter and Tania doing the task
in Exercise1, then say whether the statements on this
checklist are true (T) or false (F).0
checklist ••
Work in pairs. Take turns to speak for a minute about
the photographs following the examiner’s instructions.
Peter spends a lot of time describing
what he sees in each photo.
He outlines the main idea of each
photo.
He concentrates on answering the
question more than comparingthe
details of the photos.
He compares what it would be like to
live in each place.
He mentions things which he thinks
are similar about the people in both
photos.
He uses language which shows he is
imagining the lifestyle in each photo.
He uses a good range of vocabulary to
express his ideas.
1
2“What is it like for the people to live in each
of these places?"
3
4
5
6
7
He uses short, simple sentences.8
Tania gives a long, detailed answer to
her question.9
Work in pairs. Choose either Task A or Task B. Then
discuss what you can say to do the task in a similar way
to Peter (see the checklist in Speaking Exercise 4).
Change partners and work with someone who chose the
other task.
• Take turns to do your tasks.
• While you are listening to your partner,use the
checklist in Exercise 4.
• When your partner has finished, use all the questions
from the checklist to give him/her feedback.
/P/ Pronunciation: linking (2)
In order to speak more fluently, you sometimes put
a consonant between the first and the second word
when the second word begins with a vowel.
Listen to these extracts from Peter’s answer. In the
highlighted phrases, what consonant is used in the
extracts to link:
a the yellow highlighted words?
• The first photo shows a traditional country
cottage with the occupants ...
• On the other hand, living in the city flat might
be quite exciting...
b the green highlighted words?
• where they grow their own vegetables ...
• not so important as being close to nature and
the countryside ...
c the blue highlighted words?
• money and success in your career are not so
important ...
• The family in the second photo must need to
earn quite a lot of money ...
Work in pairs. Take turns to read Peter’s phrases in
Exercise 1aloud.
®
C3>
Task A
Here are your photographs. They show people
staying in two types of accommodation. I’d like
you to compare the photographs and say why you
think the people chose have chosen these types of
accommodation for their holiday.
Why have these people decided to stay in
these places?
® Read the sentences and write the consonant which
can link the two words. Then listen to check your
answers.
1 We live further
make and do
l I
my family.
2 I always
I don’t
3 He had to .
Decide whether the words and phrases collocate
with make or do.Write M (make) or D (do). ... my own bed in the morning, but
any cleaning.
an activity
an appointment
an arrangement
the bed
business
a change
a choice
thecleaning
a course
a decision
an effort
an excuse
(an) exercise
a favour
friends
homework
housework
an impression
a job
a mistake
money
a noise
a phone call
a plan
progress
a promise
the shopping
(a) sport
work
a phone call in orderto
the arrangements.
4 Essential changes should be so that we avoid
the same mistake in the future.
5 People who language courses tend to
a lot of friends at the same time.
6 This weekend,as well as
hoping to
Work in pairs. Each choose five words/phrases from the table
in Exercise 1and think about when you did or made each of
these things. Then take turns to tell your partner about them.
I kt\A to A ckoict between ^oin^ îtk mg f̂ milg or Aoi^
1 Adults tend to worry more about their health,
young people are more concerned
about money.
I am happy for you to play video games,
I don’t want you to spend the whole eveningdoing
that.
2
3 My parents are quite strict about how late I can come
, they do let me go out as oftenhome.
as I like.
my parents call me every week, I still4
miss them.
5 Young people often spend many hours a week
enjoying their social lives,
are oftenaway from the
old town.
2 Does he
answer your questions?
3 Our
ever
aunt comes to stay
at our house just now
and then.
and fewer shops in our
open
4 Fewer
area are
at weekends.
5 Many of you are busy
and in a hurry.
end of the story is more
exciting than the beginning.
Work in pairs. Take turns to read sentences 1-6 in
Exercise 3 aloud.
Write three or four sentences as part of your answer
to the task in (Speaking) Exercise 2.
• Think about how you can link words in the
sentences using consonants.
• Then work with a partner and take turns to read
your sentences aloud.
6 The
House space
Work in groups of three. Read this writing task and
discuss the questions below.
Task B
Here are your photographs. They show old people
living in two different types of place. I’d like you to
compare the photographs and say which place you
think is better for old people to live.
You see this announcement in your college magazine.
My ideal home
If you could choose the type of home you would like
to live in and its location, where would you live,what
sort of home would it be and what features would it
have?
The best articles will be published in the next issue
of our magazine.
Which place is better for old people to live?
Write your article.
1 What would be the ideal location for your home?
2 What sort of home would you choose?
3 What features would your ideal home have?
Work in pairs with someone from another group.
• Take turns to give a short talk describingyour ideal
house.
• When your partner finishes speaking,ask a few
questions to find out more details.
Writing Part 2: An article
Page 196 Writing Bank
An article
Look at the writing task again and discuss these
questions.
1 Who will read your article?
2 What style would be suitable for this article?
3 Which of these should your article particularly use:
present simple,going to / will,conditional with would?
Why?
4 What information must it contain?
5 How can you make the article interesting for your
readers?
•Note who you are writing the article for and make the
article suitable and appealing forthem. Remember
that an article is written in a less formal style than an
essay.
•Think carefully about which verb tenses to choose.
•Use a wide range of language to
demonstrate your ability.
•Check your answer, looking for mistakes you
know you often make.
Complete this plan for the sample answer in Exercise
4 by writing the notes in italics beside the correct
paragraphs.
Advantages of ideal flat
Characteristics of flat
Conclusion: room for my things
My present accommodation
Type of flat and location
Read the sample answer to the writing task in
Exercise1, ignoring the gaps.
1 How does this ideal home compare with your own?
2 Has the writer answered the question completely?
My space, my place
I dream of living in a small stylish modern flat in a
historic old building near the centre of a large city
as Barcelona or Bologna. What Para.1:(0)
a change that would be (1) .
ordinary suburban house (2)
living now! I'd love to be surrounded by history and
architecture, make the most of the international
atmosphere, meet people from different countries
and cultures, and of course learn a new language.
the
Para. 2:I'm
Para.3:
Complete the sample answer by writing one word in
each gap.
Work in pairs. Discuss whether these statements are
true (T) or false (F).
What would the flat be like? Well, for a start, I'd live
, so I'd be able to do
I wanted whenever I wanted.
The flat would be hi-tech, with the heating
and lighting controlled automatically. It would
have a cosy bedroom, a light, airy sitting room
and a handy little kitchen. Ideally, it would (5)
a small balcony with a
plants, where I could sit out in
on my (3)
(4)
The article uses plenty of
adjectives.(6) 1
the sun.
I wouldn't need much space, as It uses conditionals.2
as I had room to keep my books
I had all these
(7)
The writer mentions all the
furniture she would need.
You can tell something about the
writer’s personality and tastes from
the article.
and clothes. (8)
things, I'd be happy for years. 3
4
There are plenty of relative clauses.5
The writer doesn’t say where she
lives now.6
Write your own article.
• Before you write, decide what features of the
sample answer you could also use.Then think and
write a plan.
• When you write, follow your plan.
• Write 140-190 words.
House space
^ Work in pairs. Complete the descriptions of festivals
and celebrations with the words in the box.
Work in pairs. Look at the photos again and discuss the
questions.
1 Which country do you think each of the photos was
taken in?
2 What do you think the people are celebrating at
these festivals?
3 Which activities would you most like to watch or take
partin? Why?
Take turns to talk about a festival in your town or
country.
• What does the festival celebrate?
• What happens during the festival?
• Do you participate? Why? / Why not?
celebrate commemorate dress up gather round
hold let off march perform play wearing
1 We hold a festival every March to ...
arrival of spring.
2 People in our region
costumes and then they
traditional dances.
3 People
spectacular parade to
battle.
4 In many parts of the town, residents
street parties.
5 Bands
6 Crowds
their shows.
7 During the festival,we
8 People from the town go out in the streets
disguises.
Which words and phrases in bold in Exercise 1can you
see in photos A-F?
the
in traditional
one of our
.. through the town in a
a famous
dance music all night long.
.. street performers to watch Listening Part 4
fireworks.
• As you read the questions and options, try to predict
what you might hear in the recording.
• When you are listening, wait until the
speaker has finished talking about an idea
before you choose your answer.
o You will hear an interview with a man
called Harry McDonald, who is a comedian.
For questions 1-8, choose the best answer
(A, B or C).
1 What does Harry say about the jokes he
writes for his tour?
A He tries to make them suitable for
everyone.
B He’s constantly havingto adapt them.
C They’re always very well received by
his audience.
2 Why did Harry decide to try stand-up
comedy?
A He had always enjoyed performing on
stage at school.
B He had a talent for making people
laugh.
C He was searching for a new challenge.
3 Harry says that after winning an award
for best new comedian, he started to
A put a lot of pressure on himself.
B receive more criticism from people.
C promote himself more online.
4 By takinga break from live touring, Harry
was able to
A build up his reputation as a writer.
B reconnect with his friends and family.
C focus on improvinghis comedy act.
5 What does Harry say about his parents?
A They could have become comedians
themselves.
B They’ve fallen out with him on a few
occasions.
C They’re extremely supportive of what
he does.
Work in pairs. You will hear a radio interview with Harry McDonald,
a stand-up comedian, talking about his career. Before you listen,
discuss these questions.
• What’s the funniest show, film or performance you’ve ever watched?
Describe it to your partner
• When was the last time you laughed? Who or what made you laugh?
• What do you think life as a stand-up comedian is like?
6 How did Harry feel about performing in
front of the royal family?
A honoured to have been invited
B overwhelmed by people’s responses
C relieved that he didn’t offend anyone
7 Harry advises people hoping to make it
as comediansto
A ensure they find a good management
team.
B collaborate with other comedians as
much as possible.
C establish an online presence from the
outset.
Work in pairs. Would you like to have a job
like Harry’s? Why / Why not?
Fiesta!
Exam candidates often make mistakes when they use the
passive. Correct the mistake in each of these sentences.
1 First of all, I’d like to show you a sword, which might be
owned by a tribal king.
2 I was expectingthe performerto be Danny Brook,but
you didn’t even mention that he was going to replace by
someonetoo busy.
6 I enjoy watching TV
on video games.
... older people
the fact thatdevelopments in
technology have dramatically increased in recent
years,I believe that,overall, the impact of this on
familieshas been mostly negative.
(4)
, I’m not at all keen
the fact that we live 2,000 km apart, we7
manage to talk everyday.
Write your own answer to the writing task in Exercise 2.
Before you write, use the notes you made in Exercise 3
to write a plan. Write between 140 and 190 words.
• Use Julia’s answer in Exercise 4 as a model, but
express your own ideas and the ideas which came up
duringyour discussion.
A family affair
.•MvXv
Work in pairs.
1 What do you enjoy doing in your spare time?
2 Which of the activities in the photos have you done?
Which would you like to try?
3 Which of the activities do you think is...
a the most enjoyable?
b the cheapest?
c the healthiest?
d the most relaxing?
e the least active?
f the best one to do with friends?
g the most popular among young people?
4 Why do you think the people in the photos have
decided to do these activities?
8 reasons for and against social media
It may
^ people lie about themselves.
It can
from your studies
It can
people to work together more.
It can
people’s social skills.
It doesn’t
o a lot of money to be a
^ successful social media
influencer.
1
i
2 i you
i
It can
7 platform for cyberbullies
and online trolls.— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —People may
a
i
i
time doing
something which may not
be very useful.
It can help people to 8 i
4 iproblems ii
itogether. i
Which sentences in Exercise1do you agree with? Why?Listening Part 2
Complete the sentences about advantages and
disadvantages of using social media with the
words in the box. There are two words that you
don’t need to use.
•In Listening Part 2, you hear a talk or lecture by one speaker.
You must listen and complete ten sentences with between
one and three words.
• You must write the word(s) you actually hear and try
to spell the word(s) correctly.
• You will hear the recording twice.
•This part tests your ability to pick out and write
down details, specific information and opinions.
concentrate contribute develop
distract encourage make provide
require solve waste
v
Work in pairs. You will hear a man called Scott
Kirkland talking about his life as a video blogger,
or ‘vlogger ’. Before you listen, read the sentences
below and decide what type of information you
need to complete each sentence.
Grammar
Making comparisons
Page 163 Grammar reference
Making comparisons
Choose the correct phrase in italics from Listening Part 2,
Exercise 4. Then listen and check your answers.
1 I’ve gone from being stuck in a boring office job to something
far more / much fulfilling: travellingthe world and making
videos for a living.
2 I knew it was time for somethingmuch more / so more
rewarding.
3 I’d always had a strong desire to go travelling, so I set about
researchingthe better / best places online.
4 Nevertheless, I really enjoyed making them and persevered
with developing something a bit more /some more structured.
5 This then led to bigger / the biggest and better / the best things.
6 It wasn’t long before sponsors came knocking at my door,
offering much / so more money than I’d been making from my
review videos.
7 The more / most memorable, though, was when I was invited
to speak at an annual travel conference in New York.
8 Be prepared to work much harder / more hardly than you’ve
ever done before,but, most / so importantly, don’t forget to
have fun!
Exam candidates often make mistakes with comparisons.
Correct the mistakes in these sentences.
1 There are lots of ways to keep fit, but I think the healthier of all
isZumba.
2 Playing chess is more cheaper than playing video games.
3 Team games are more sociable that biking because you meet
and speak to a lot of people.
4 When you play chess,you have to think more hardly than
when you’re playing video games.
5 I don’t go window shopping as often than I used to.
6 For me,parachute jumping is the more risky of all sports.
7 Speaking for myself, I find team sports the less interesting.
8 Mountain biking is more good for getting exercise than most
sports.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the adjective
in brackets.
It was while Scott was
working as a
that he(1)
decided on a change
of career.
Scott chose to move to
*£& Thailand after speaking to
his (2)
The biggest advantage
of living in Thailand ,
according to Scott, was that the (3)
was cheap.
Scott originally expected his first video to be
times.watched (4)
Scott describes the way he organised his channel
before creating the series “Travelling for Beginners"
as (5)
Scott says that his audience appreciated the
in his videos.(6)
Scott paid for his (7)
reviewed the Grand Paradise hotel resort.
Scott felt (8)
approached by sponsors.
when he
when he was first
Scott describes speaking at a travel conference as
achievement. &his (9)
is the most
important personal quality for his success.
Scott says (10)
Now listen to the talk. For questions 1-10,
complete the sentences with a word or
short phrase.
Does the life of a travel vlogger appeal to you?
What might some of the challenges be?
Work in groups. You have decided to create your
own video series about learning English. Think
about the following points and create a plan for
your vlog.
1 What is the aim of your vlog?
2 What content will you include in each of your
videos?
3 Where will your videos beset?
4 How many people will appear in your videos
and what will their roles be?
5 What equipment will you need to make your
videos?
6 How will you make money from your video
series and who might your sponsors be?
Present your plan to the class.
1 Some people argue that teenagers are much
(focus) on becoming online celebrities than they are on their
studies. What do you think?
2 Some people say that social media is making us
(lazy) than older generations. Do you agree?
3 The eSports industry is estimated to be worth over $1billion.
Do you think they will be
sports in the future?
4 Is it
(popular) as real-life
(good) to shop online or in a store?
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in Exercise 3.
Leisure and pleasure
5 What does the word they refer to in line 67?
A snow leopards
B filmmakers
C conservation groups
D local people
6 In the final paragraph,Dennis says that the biggest
disadvantage of his job is
A waitingto take photographs in bad weather.
B not always getting the photos that he wants.
C not spending time with the people he’s close to.
D not being able to take many holidays.
For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D)
which you think fits best according to the text.
Choose a photograph from Exercise 1. Imagine
that you took it. Write a short article about your
experience of taking it. Include:
• where the photograph was taken
• why you wanted to take a photograph of this animal
• what preparationsyou made to take the
photograph
• how you felt before and after you took the
photograph
Reading and Use of English Part 5
•In Reading and Use of English Part 5, you read a text of
550-650 words.
• You must answer six questions about it by choosing A,
B, C or D.
•This part tests your ability to understand
main ideas and details, the writer's opinion
and purpose and your ability to work out
what something means from the context.
Look at the photos on page 21. How difficult do you
think they were for the photographer to take? Put
them in order from 1(the most difficult) to 4 (the least
difficult). Then compare your ideas with a partner.
You are going to read an article about a wildlife
photographer called Dennis Eames, who is also a
mountain climber. Read the article quickly. Which
animals from Exercise 1are mentioned and why?
Read and underlinethe main idea in each of the questions
(1-6). Do not read options A-D yet.
1 What do we learn about Dennis in the first paragraph?
A He had to learn climbing skills to become a wildlife
photographer.B Becoming a photographer fitted in with the interests
that he already had.
C He won a competition where the prize was a trip to
North America.
D Becoming a photographer allowed him to continue
his adventures in the Rocky Mountains.
2 When Dennis first became a professional photographer, he
A worked alongside famous photographers in remote areas.
B identified an area of photography that nobody else was
doing.
C struggled to capture images of wildlife in their natural
habitats.
D had to learn howto use new types of camera equipment.
3 Why does Dennis compare his time in the mountains to
a walk in the park in line 36?
A to illustrate that the job of a photographer takes you to
a variety of different places
B to show that he’s often in dangerous national parks
C to highlight that both require similar amounts of
preparation
D to demonstrate how comfortable he felt in that
environment
4 After Dennis had been in the Himalayas for a while
A he was worried about being attacked by the snow leopard.
B he stopped thinking about the troubles he’d had.
C he realised that the daily life of a leopard was difficult.
D he started seeing things that weren’t really there.
Vocabulary
Phrasal verbs and expressions
Find these phrasal verbs and expressions (1-10) in
the article. Try to work out their meaning from the
context. Then match them with the definitions (a-j).
1 big break (line 7)
2 ended up (line 12)
3 ticked all the boxes (line 16)
4 came along (line 18)
5 run out of ( line 26)
6 go on (line 26)
7 to throw myself into (line 32)
8 counting on (line 46)
9 came up against ( line 48)
10 came across (line 54)
a be able to depend on something
b continue to do something
c faced something challenging
d occurred as the final result of something
e arrived or appeared
f found unintentionally
g an opportunity that leads to something successful
h consume until nothing is left
i start to do something with enthusiasm
j satisfied all the requirements
View from the top ‘I think the root of my success was that I was able
to throw myself into the job straightaway. Unlike
most climbers, I was a keen photographer, and
unlike most photographers, I was a keen climber.
I’ve spent so much time in the mountains it feels
like a walk in the park. As long as you have the
right experience, prepare well and know how
to source food to eat and water to drink, you’ll
normally get the shots you’re after. I have had a lot
of successes and a few failures- one time I was in
Yosemite Park to photograph bobcats at night and
I forgot to take a camera that would take photos in
the dark.’
When Dennis visited the Himalayas last year to
photograph snow leopards in their natural habitat,
he wasn’t counting on it being an easy affair. As
well as the danger of trying to photograph a big
cat close up, he also came up against difficulties
connected with spending a long time at high
altitude and in freezing temperatures, all of
which were extremely challenging. Spotting snow
leopards can be hard enough, so much so that they
are known as ‘the ghost of the mountains’. Finally,
after three weeks, he came across the tracks of one
of these animals in the snow. He was able to follow
it across the mountain ridge and take photos of
it living its daily life. He says that at this point he
forgot about all the problems he’d had and started
to enjoy the experience of being so close to a
snow leopard.
Looking ahead, Dennis would like to return to
the Himalayas to make a documentary on how
hunting and the destruction of the places where
snow leopards live by the local population has led
to these animals being close to extinction. Teaming 65
up with filmmakers and conservation groups, he
hopes to educate local people about the risks they
face and hopefully raise money for animal welfare
charities.
In general, Dennis says he has no regrets about
turning his hobby into a job. ‘I’ve been lucky
enough to have some fantastic experiences, but
sometimes you can be waiting for hours in dreadful
conditions for the perfect shot and nothing
happens! This can get you down , but the great
photos and experiences make it all worthwhile.’
He says he doesn’t mind the hardships of spending
most of his time up a mountain, but he thinks it’s
frustrating that the time he spends away means
that he doesn’t get to see his friends and family
as often as he would like. For example, he will
miss New Year celebrations this year as he has an
assignment to film wildlife in Ecuador.
Dennis Eames is famous for the photos that he has taken of
animals in some of the remotest parts of the world.
Mountaineering was his first passion, where he learnt how
to climb as well as how to survive in tough conditions. He
5 found himself getting more and more fascinated with the
unique wildlife and documenting what he had seen on
camera. His big break came when he received first prize for
a photograph he had taken of a grizzly bear in the Rocky
Mountains in North America. He was soon approached by
10 an international magazine to photograph animals that live
in mountain areas. His first job was to return to the Rocky
Mountains to document the lives of grey wolves. ‘I ended up
searching for them high and low and got some great photos
15 of the deer that they hunt, too. I soon realised that being a
wildlife photographer ticked all the boxes: travel, adventure
and climbing.’
He’s now a world-renowned photographer and has had his
work exhibited in numerous galleries. ‘I came along at the
right time,’ he says. ‘When I started, there were a number
20 of people who were known for their work in the jungle
or the desert, but I realised that there weren’t any skilled
climbers among them. So I became the person who took
pictures of wildlife high up. It was as if all these animals
and birds were waiting to be photographed in their natural
25 habitats. The technology was very different then. You could
easily run out of film, but with digital cameras you can go on
taking photos until you get the right shot. You can also take
the photos straightaway without waiting for the right light,
as most cameras adjust for
30 this automatically.’
35
40
45
50
55
60
*
70
75
80
Leisure and pleasure
0 Complete the sentences with the correct
form of a phrasal verb or expression from
Exercise 1.
Grammar
Adjectives with -ed and -ing
1 The new members of the climbing club
were complete beginners, but to their
the practice
activities with open minds and learnt the
techniques very quickly.
2 Because of the intense competition to
become a professional footballer, a lot of
promising youngplayers
havingto find alternative careers.
3 Having looked at the draw for the next
round of the national trophy, it looks
the reigning
champions if we win our next match.
Page 164 Grammar reference
Adjectives with -ed and -ing
Look at the extract from the article and answer the questions.
credit they
Mountaineering was his first passion, where he learnt
about survival in tough conditions and found himself getting
more and more fascinated with the unique wildlife and
documenting what he had seen.
As well as the danger of trying to photograph a big cat
close up, he also came up against difficulties connected
with spending a long time at high altitude and in freezing
temperatures, all of which were extremely challenging.
He says he doesn’t mind the hardships of spending most of
his time up a mountain, but he thinks it’s frustrating that
the time he spends away means that he doesn’t get to see his
friends and family as often as he would like.
like we’ll
4 Until their new developer
, the computer games
company was struggling to produce games
that had global appeal.
5 When training for a half-marathon, it ’s
important that you’re well prepared. If not,
you will
on in the race.
1 Which of the underlined words refers to how Denis felt?
2 Which of the underlined words refer to what made him feel
like that?
of energy early
6 In team sports,you need to be able to
your
teammates for support when you need it. Exam candidatesoften confuse adjectives with -ed and adjectives
with - ing. Choose the correct adjective in italics.
1 When we went to Disneyland,I think we found it more
entertained / entertaining than our kids.
2 It can be very irritated / irritating when friends arrive late for a film.
3 You will never get bored / boring at night in Berlin because the
nightlife is wonderful.
4 It’s annoyed / annoying when people are rude to you at the
stadium.
5 The situation was very embarrassed / embarrassing for me and I
felt uncomfortable.
6 I was really excited / exciting and wanted to see as much of the city
as possible.
Use the word given in capitals at the end of the sentences to form a
word with -ed or -ing that fits the gap.
1 Everyone watches Pietro at parties because he’s just an
dancer. ASTONISH
7 The biggest advantage of people turning
their hobby into a job is that they can
doing the things they
&
enjoy and get paid for it.
8 It may be true that some people are
destined for greatness in business, but on
closer inspection they’ve usually benefited
from a along the way.
9 Asa travel writer, Mo experiences new
and unexpected things. He regularly
cultures that are different
to anything he’s seen before.
10 There are some very good personal trainers
out there,but it’s unlikely anyone will
and be exactly what
you’re looking for.
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
1 Have you come up against any difficulties
in your life recently?
2 What sort of activities do you find it easy or
difficult to throw yourself into?
3 What career would tick all the boxes for
you?
4 Have you come across any interesting art
or music recently?
by the unfriendly attitude of the2 We were quite
other students. PUZZLE
3 It’s very to be able to apply things we learn in the
classroom to our free-time activities. MOTIVATE
4 Anita looked quite
station. WORRY
5 They said the film was a comedy but we didn’t find it particularly
AMUSE
when she left the police
by the time we got to the top of6 We were pretty
the mountain. EXHAUST
Look at the photos of different activities below
and answer the questions. Use the adjectives in
Exercises 1and 2 to help you.
1 Why do you think these people have decided to do
these activities?
2 How would you feel about doing these activities?
Reading and Use of English Part 4
•In Reading and Use of English Part 4, you complete six
sentences with between two and five words so that
they mean the same as the sentences printed
before them.
•You use the word given in CAPITALS without
changing it in any way.VI
Li
^ Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar
meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not
change the word given. You must use between two and five
words, including the word given.
marathon
running
0 Dan doesn’t enjoy swimmingas much as sailing.
MORE
Dan likes sailing mortJkAH
swimming.
1 No one in the class is as lazy as my friend.
PERSON
My friend is
the class.
2 Stephanie is a better cook than Pablo.
COOKING
Pablo isn’t
as Stephanie.
3 It is harder to learn to play ice hockey than almost any
other sport.
ONE
Ice hockey is
sports to learn to play.
4 Sara finds playing sport more interesting than watching it.
NOT
Sara is
sport as she is in playingit.
You will hear a girl talking about one of the
experiences a-g. Listen and decide which
experience she is talking about.
a She rode a motorbike for the first time,
b She was punished for something she didn’t do.
c She had to study all weekend for an exam,
d She broke a bone,
e She was trapped in a lift,
f She won a competition,
g She did a parachutejump.
Listen again. Which adjectives did she use to
describe ...
1 the whole experience:
2 how she felt after studying:
C5)
watching
5 People think that meeting friends face-to-face has more
benefits than chatting to them on social media.
LESS
and
Chattingto friends on social media is often thought of as
meeting them
3 how she felt about her boyfriend’s suggestion:
face-to-face.4 the thought of breakinga bone:
5 how she felt in the plane: and 6 It was the strangest game I have ever seen.
SUCH
I have never seen
game.
6 the jump itself:
Work in pairs. Look at the experiences in Exercise
5. Have you done any of these things or have any
of them happened to you? How did you feel about
them? Take turns to describe your experiences.
Leisure and pleasure
Listen to a candidate called Marta answering
the question from Exercise 1. According to
Marta, how can people benefit from each
activity?
Speaking Part 2
Page 206 Speaking bank
Speaking Part 2
Listen again and tick the checklist.
•In Speaking Part 2, you and the other candidate take
turns to speak on your own for a minute during which
you compare two photos the examiner gives you.
• You must answer a question connected with both photos.
• You must also answer a question quite briefly about your
partner's photos.
•This part tests your ability to speak at length,
organise your ideas, compare, describe and
express opinions.
ft Marta no
1 introduces her talk
2 describes each photo
in detail
3 deals with each photo
in turn
4 spends most of the time
answeringthe printed
question
5 refers to the first photo
when talking about the
second photo
6 talks about things not
connected with the
question
7 speaksuntil the
examiner says ‘Thank
you’.
^ Work in pairs. Look atthe examiner’s instructions and the
question and photos below. Then discuss what you can say to
compare them.
“Here are your photographs. They show people doing
different activities in their free time. I'd like you to
compare the photographs, and say how you think the people
can benefit from spending their free time doing these
different activities."
How can the people benefit from spending their free time
doing these different activities? Try to remember the words and phrases Marta
used in these sentences to structure her
answer. Then listen again and check.ft
, there are two women1
playing video games.
this in several ways.
, they’re laughing, which is
always good for you because it helps you to
relax.
2
3
,they’re having fun together,
which is important because it builds up their
social relationship and their friendship.
, it’s good to see these
women doingsomething which is traditionally
seen as a male activity.
4
5
it looks like they are just
doing it as a leisure activity rather than a race.
6
Which word( s) or phrase(s) in Exercise 4 does Marta
use to:
a introduce her answer to the examiner’s question?
b introduce the first point she wants to make?
c add additional points?
Which of these words/phrases could also be used for the
functions in Exercise 5?
First of all
What is more
Work in pairs and take turns to do this Speaking
Part 2 task.
“Here area your photographs. They show people
doing different free-time activities.
Compare the photographs, and say what you think
the people enjoy about doing these
different activities."
Besides
To start with
In addition
What do the people enjoy about doing these
different activities?
/P/ Pronunciation: sentence stress (1)
We stress the words in sentences that we particularly
want our listeners to hear, the words which carry
the most meaning.These are usually nouns, verbs or
adjectives,not small grammar words like articles or
prepositions.
Underline the words you think are stressed in these
sentences. Then listen and check your answer.
1 Firstly, they ’re getting some exercise, which is
always good for you.
2 It’s great for your health and helps you relax.
3 At the same time, they’re having fun together...
4 ... which is important because it builds up their
social relationships and their friendships.
5 Also, it’s good to see boys and girls doing a bit of
sport together instead of separately.
6 I think it helps break down social boundaries
between boys and girls.
Work in pairs. Take turns to read the sentences
aloud using the same sentence stress.
Change partners and take turns to do the Speaking Part
2 task in (Speaking) Exercise 1.
• Try to speak for aminute.
• Try to use some of the words and phrases from
(Speaking) Exercise 4.
• Use your own ideas and Marta’s ideas.
• While you are listening to your partner,use the
checklist in (Speaking) Exercise 3 and give feedback
when your partner has finished.
Leisure and pleasure
Writing Part 2: An article
Cooking- it’s creative and fun!
I first got interested in cookery one summer
holiday when I was about 12.1 was staying with
my aunt, who is a keen cook, and I wanted to
try cooking for myself . She started by teaching
me how to make fairly simple dishes at first. I
found I really enjoyed cooking and I was soon
doing things which were more complicated. Not
everything I cooked was as successful as my
aunt’s cooking. My younger brother and sister
complained about some of my dishes, but they
usually ate the food quite happily. When I went
back to school after the summer, I decided to
do cookery lessons and now I think I’m quite
a competent cook. When friends come round
to my house, I often cook them something
because I find it really satisfying and relaxing.
I find creating new dishes fascinating and it ’s
wonderful to see my family and friends enjoying
a meal I’ve cooked. I’d recommend cooking
as a hobby because for me it ’s one of the most
creative and useful free-time activities that
anyone can do.
Page 196 Writing bank
An article
•In Writing Part 2 you do one writing task from a choice
of three.
•The possible tasks are an article, a letter or email,
a review or a report.
• You must write between 140 and 190 words.
•This part tests your ability to write effectively
^^
for^ang^Mifferen^urpose^^^^^^
Look at this writing task and underline the points you
must write about.
You have seen this announcement in an international
magazine.
A great way to spend your free time!
Tell us about a leisure-time activity you really enjoy.
• How did you get started?
• Why do you enjoy it so much?
We will publish the most interesting articles in next
month’s issue.
Write your article.
Work in pairs. Tell your partner about one of your free-time
activities. While you are speaking, answer the questions in
the writing task above.
o The article in the next column would lose marks in the exam
because it is not divided into paragraphs. Complete the
tasks below in pairs.
1 Divide it into paragraphs.
2 Say what the main idea is in each paragraph.
You can write compound sentences by joining two sentences
with and, but and because. Which two sentences are joined in
these compound sentences?
1 I found I really enjoyed cooking and I was soon doing things
which were more complicated.
2 My younger brother and sister complained about some of
my dishes,but they usually ate the food quite happily.
3 When friends come round to my house,I often cook them
something because I find it really satisfyingand relaxing.
4 I’d recommend it as a hobby because for me it’s one of the
most creative and useful free-time activities that anyone
can do.
5 When I went back to school after the summer, I decided to
do cookery lessons and now I think I’m quite a competent
cook.
Write compound sentences by joining these sentences
with and,but and because. Use pronouns (he,she, it,
etc.) to avoid repetition.
1 I’d like to learn to fly.I think learningto fly is too
expensive.
\ 'A like to let\m to but l tkink it's too txpeAsivt.
2 I got interested in flying when I was about 14. My
father took me to an airshow.
3 My parents don’t want me to fly. They think flying is
dangerous.
4 One of my friends is learning to fly. My friend has
asked me to come with him. My friend thinks I’d like
flying.
You can write complex sentences by joining two
sentences with words such as when, who,which and
that. Write these complex sentences as two separate
sentences.
1 I first got interested in cookery one summer holiday
when I was about 12.
I {ivvst ^ot interested in cookery one summer kolU/g.
I ^AS About
2 I was staying with my aunt,who is a keen cook.
3 I was soon doing things which were more complicated.
4 When I went back to school after the summer, I
decided to do cookery lessons.
5 When friends come round to my house,I often cook
them something.
6 For me, cooking is one of the most creative and useful
free-time activities that anyone can do.
Join these sentences using when,who,which and that.
1 I was 17.1 started running seriously.
2 My aunt encouraged me.My aunt’s a keen athlete.
3 I go running most days. I’ve finished work.
4 Running is a sport. Runninggets you really fit.
Join these sentences using and,because, but,when,
which and who. Use pronouns ( he,she, it, etc.) to avoid
repetition.
1 I started windsurfing. I was 19.1was staying with
friends by the sea.
2 One of my friends is a keen windsurfer. She
encouraged me to start. She thought I would enjoy it.
3 I kept falling into the sea to start with.It was a fairly
windy day.There were a lot of waves.
4 I didn’t enjoy it at first. I had to concentrate quite hard.
I carried on trying.
5 I started to windsurf quite fast. It was exciting.I found
it quite enjoyable.
Find adjectives in the article in Writing, Exercise 3 which
describe the following:
1 the writer’s feelings about cooking:
2 cooking as a leisure-time activity:
3 the writer’s ability to cook:
Add the words and phrases in the box to the correct
column in the table.
astonishing competitive delightful demanding
depressing dreadful economical entertaining
exhausting incredible irritating popular
superb time-consuming tremendous unbelievable
Describes a person’s
opinion about an activity
Describes a fact
about an activity
You are going to write your own article to answer the
writing task in Exercise 1. Before you write, make a
short plan and think about:
• a title for your article which will encourage people
to read it
• how many paragraphs you need and the subject
of each paragraph
• some vocabulary you can use
Write your article using between 140 and 190 words.
Leisure and pleasure
ivX'X*:*:*:••••••• • •
i••••••• •
SSKjXXv
Vocabulary and
grammar review1
Complete these sentences with the correct form of make
or do.Vocabulary
Complete these sentences with a phrasal verb from
page 9 in the correct form.
1 Could you
copy your notes from the last class?
2 Do you mind if I use your phone? I’ve got to
an urgent phone call.
the shopping on my way home this
me a favour and let me
1 I couldn’t believe it when my cousin from Australia
to my birthday party.
friends at the shopping mall 3 I’ll
2 I loved
when I was growingup. evening.
this English course because I’m
hoping to study in the USA next year.
5 I’ve got so much homework to
can’t come out with you tonight.
6 Marco has
students, so I’m afraid he’s a bit disappointed with their
results.
7 Sarah wasn’t enjoying the party,so she
an excuse and left.
8 We phoned the police because our neighbours were
too much noise.
4 I’m
3 Even the smallest disagreement with my sister can
a massive argument. It drives my
that Iparents mad.
4 I can always...
me with my maths homework when I’m stuck.
5 My friend Michael is really good at
excuses for why he hasn’t done his homework.
my grandfather to help
a big effort with his
6 Danielis
becoming a teacher.
the family tradition by
Complete each of these sentences by writing an
adjective in the gap. Choose from the adjectives or
their opposites in the exercises in Reading and Use of
English Part 6 on page 10. In some cases, more than
one answer may be possible.
Grammar
Complete these sentences by writing the verbs in
brackets in the correct form (present perfect simple or
continuous). In some cases, both forms are possible.1 Juan’s parents are very
allow him to do everything he wants.
and don’t
1 I’m celebrating because my team has.
(win) the league!
2 At last you
2 You need to be careful what you say to my brother,
as he can be rather in the morning.
(arrive) - we
(expect) you for ages!
3 Pascale is very
finish her part of the project on time.
4 David is so
him to do what he says he’s going to do.
5 Melanie