Exercícios das lições 1 a 5

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Fundamentos Culturais da Literatura em Língua Inglesa
Exercícios após as lições 1 a 5 - Online 
Aula 1
1a Questão (Ref.: 201502798966)	
At the end of the 8th century, new raiders were attracted by the wealth of Britain. They shared a contriversial origin and they came from Denmark and Norway. They were seen as pirates. These new raiders are actually the _____.
	The Spanish
	The Christians
	The Celts
	The Roman
 	The Vikings
 2a Questão (Ref.: 201502798961)	
Which alternative is not correct in relation to Christianity in Anglo Saxon England?
	The last part of England to be converted to Christianity was Sussex.
 	England and Saxons never accepted Christianity. They got back to the early Celtic religion.
	In 407 the last Roman soldiers left Britain. Over the following decades Roman civilization broke down. In the 5th and 6th centuries Saxons, Angles and Jutes from Germany and Denmark invaded southern and eastern England and gradually conquered most of England.
	However Christianity continued to thrive in Wales and by the early 5th century it spread to Ireland. In the 5th and 6th centuries Scotland was converted. Cut off from the Church in Rome Celtic Christians formed a distinctive Celtic Church.
	Things did not go smoothly in Northumbria. King Edwin was killed at the battle of Hatfield in 632 and afterwards most of Northumbria reverted to Paganism. They had to be converted all over again by Celtic monks from Scotland.
 3a Questão (Ref.: 201502366110)	
Read the alternatives and choose the one that is correct in relation to the epic Beowulf:
	Since it was the longest piece of literature to come down to us, it was regarded as the best chivalry poem to exemplify that period of time.
	It was written by the monks who were interested in developing the pagan beliefs and vanishing the Christian ones.
 	Pagan elements as well as Christian ones can be found in the poem.  Beowulf is seen as a superhero who came to the country to try to save the people in danger from the ruling of Grendel.
	In the battle against Grendel, Beowulf is able to win the fight by ripping Grendel's arm with a knife.
	The characters in the poem are all people of noble birth, who came from France to try to defeat Grendel (the monster) who had been ruling the country for a few months.
 4a Questão (Ref.: 201502992504)	
In the history of England as well as that of other countries, religion has always played an important role. Who was Augustine?
	A serf who lived in the Kingdom of Kent and who led a pious life and became a saint later on.
	A Pope who successfully brought English rulers to the new Christian faith in England.
	A Pope who sent a monk named Gilda to establish Christianity in England in Medieval Times.
 	A monk who was sent by Pope Gregory to re-establish Christianity in England in 597.
	A monk who was able to spread the Christian faith among ordinary people in England.
 5a Questão (Ref.: 201502992511)
Some historians believe that it is possible to talk about the development and spread of distinctive religious traditions in England. What was the basic difference between the interest of the Celtic Church and that of the Roman one in England?
	Some bishops of the Roman Church denied the authority of the Pope and were interested in spreading reading and writing while the Celtic Church wanted to keep this knowledge to itself.
	The two Churches seemed to get along well, until they reached a crisis as they disagreed over the date of Christmas. For the Roman Church it was more interesting to keep it on December 25th, while the Celtic one wanted to change the date of Christmas to January 15th. In both cases there were political interests involved.
	The Roman Church was more spiritual, friendlier to women, more connected with nature and wanted things to be like that. The Celtic one, on the other hand, was much interested in keeping authority to iself and men were the only ones who could rule with their help.
  	The Celtic Church was interested in the ordinary people while the Roman Church was interested in authority and organization.
	The bishops from the Celtic Church lived at the courts with the kings and wanted to keep it that way so as to be able to maintain their privileges while the bishops of the Roman Church were more committed with their spiritual power over ordinary people.
6a Questão (Ref.: 201502366104)
What was the importance of Roman Church in relation to the maintenace of The Anglo-Saxon King´s political power over the people?
	The kings were interested in learning how to read and write, which was a privilege of the Church members.
	The Church members blessed the kings and queens at wedding ceremonies as God¿s representatives on earth and contributed for the spreading of pagan beliefs throughout the country.
 	King´s authority was guaranteed by God's approval
	The Church helped the kings because they had the ability of unifying the country without a war.
	The Anglo-Saxon kings, who were once pagan, accepted the new faith in order to go to heaven when they died.
 7a Questão (Ref.: 201502474018)
Choose the option which best completes the following statement: Augustine was sent to Canterbury in 597 to
	become a monk
	meet the king´s wife
	build a church
	visit monasteries
 	re-establish Christianity
Mark the only question which is true in relation to Beowulf. Beowulf typifies the Anglo-Saxon ideals of personal conduct. These ideals include:
	to help people and become famous.
	to be a good singer
	to be handsome
	to have powerful arms
 	to be an advocate of freedom and justice
Aula 2
	 1a Questão (Ref.: 201502992058)
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	The English country went through different sort of attacks in Medieval times. Taking into account the Norman invasion, which of the following statements IS NOT TRUE ?
	
	
	The Norman army was mainly concerned with land occupation and in the north not a single house was left standing.
	 
	The Norman army was a true army of occupation for over twenty years.
	
	The Norman army, though small, marched from village to village, destroying places that they could not control.
	 
	The Normans remained in the country for over a hundred years and were able to become the great rulers of England in Medieval times.
	
	By 1086, over 4,000 Saxon landlords were replaced by 200 Normans ones.
	
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	 2a Questão (Ref.: 201502992501)
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	Invaders have always brought changes to Britain. Who drove the Celts into the west and north of Britain?
	
	 
	The Anglo-Saxons.
	
	The Italian people.
	
	The French people.
	
	The Norwegian people.
	
	The Spanish people.
	
	
	
	 3a Questão (Ref.: 201502366117)
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	By the time the Normans invaded and conquered England, their civilization was far more organized than that of the Anglo-Saxons. Its foundation was the feudal system. During Feudalism...(Choose the alternative that correctly complets this sentence)
	
	
	Women had to work hard as slaves during that time to help support their families.
	
	Large states were given by the King to the poor so that they could find a way of surviving.
	 
	All the land was owned by the King but it was held by others, in return for goods and services.
	 
	Allthe produce which came from the land had to be given to the King.
	
	The economy grew because the landowners did not have to pay the slaves.
	
	
	
	 4a Questão (Ref.: 201502992062)
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	Historians imagined the feudal system as an agreement between the different ranks: the king, the barons and the peasants.
Which of the following statements DOES NOT FIT into the concepts of Feudalism?
	
	
	The 'feudal system' is the name for a power structure where people held their land in return for promising loyalty, known as doing homage, and providing services such as working or fighting for their lord.
	 
	During Feudalism, part of the produce of the land was bought by the King in order to help the serfs´.
	 
	The greater nobles gave part of their lands to lesser nobles, knights, and other ´freeman´.
	
	In theory the king was the chief feudal lord, but in reality the individual lords were supreme in their own territories.
	
	When William, Duke of Normandy conquered England in 1066, he confiscated all the land from the Saxons who owned it, and distributed it amongst the barons who had supported his invasion. Thus, historians say that England became a 'perfect' feudal government.
	
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	 5a Questão (Ref.: 201502365690)
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	Choose the option which best suits the sentence below: Feudalism refers to
	
	
	land the king did not want anymore
	
	land given to everyone freely
	
	land nobody wanted
	
	land given only to the "serfs"
	 
	land held in return for duty or service to a lord
	
	
	
	 6a Questão (Ref.: 201502366107)
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	What was the importance of Roman Catholic Church monks to the Anglo-Saxon world?
	
	
	They were just responsible for the agriculture at that time.
	
	The monks helped the landlords to become powerful because they created a good number of laws to protect them.
	 
	They were not only responsible for the increase of local trade, leading to human and cultural development, but also, as they were basically the only ones who could read and write, they registered important social and political facts which occurred at the time.
	
	They eventually turned out to be kings, blessed by the Church and, as they could read and write, they could control vital trade routes which were so important for the development of the country.
	
	They wrote poems which came down to us and published interesting historical books which were translated into French and German as the monks had all come from France and Germany.
	
	
	
	 7a Questão (Ref.: 201502366128)
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	What contributed for the foundation of the English Parliament?
	
	 
	The fact that King John did not feel like keeping the agreement which had been sealed in Magna Carta.
	
	The fact that the nobility wanted to support their King.
	
	The war which spread throughout the country.
	
	The fact that ordinary people wanted to become leaders of their country.
	
	The fact that French nobility wanted to control the English throne.
	
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	 8a Questão (Ref.: 201502366119)
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	What were the two basic principles of Feudalism?
	
	
	The first principle was associated with the idea that ordinary people had to work in exchange for food and shelter and the second one dealt with the fact that ten-year-old boys could also work if it proved necessary.
	 
	The first principal was connected to the fact that every man had a lord and the second one was related to the idea that every lord had land.
	
	Both principles relied on the fact that even though the land was the King¿s property, after ten years, the ordinary people would have the right to run their own business as it pleased them.
	
	The first principal dealt with the fact that both women and children had to work and the second one gave the King the right to receive the products from the land.
	
	The two basic principals had to do with the cultural aspects of the Anglo-Saxon world.
	
	
Aula 3
	 1a Questão (Ref.: 201502855432)
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	The origin of the Holy Grail comes probably from the word gradalis
which means grail or dish. Indeed, a theme always mentioned in the
Celtic legends is the search for
	
	 
	a magical pot
	
	a magic island
	
	a weapon
	
	an enchanted prince
	
	a sword
	
	
	
	 2a Questão (Ref.: 201502366131)
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	What was the importance of the printing press for the study of literature? It was important because...
	
	
	Books, which were not religious ones, were seen as products of the demon. 
	
	The process of printing a book before the printing press was not only very sophisticated but also very expensive.
	
	The writers did not show any interest in having their books published.
	
	The Church members were only interested in publishing books about saints.
	 
	Before its invention, books were written by hand and , sometimes, it would take a writer a whole year to put down into words a single copy of a book
	
	
	
	 3a Questão (Ref.: 201502365686)
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	Mark the option that presents the characteristics which describe Chivalry: I. It was a social class II. It was an order III. It was a gentry movement IV. It had a code of values V. It was formed by poets
	
	
	Only sentence IV is right
	
	All sentences are right
	
	Sentences I, IV and V are right.
	 
	Sentences I, II and IV are right.
	
	All sentences are wrong
	
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	 4a Questão (Ref.: 201502366138)
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	What are some of the characteristics of the Chilvalry Romance? Choose the alternative that provides the correct characteristics.
	
	
	The folk tales convey the heavy air of poverty typical of chivalry romances.
	
	Faith in God, in angels in heaven, unconditional love for very poor women.
	 
	The hero is the best, the enemy the cruelest, the lady the most beautiful, the struggle the most difficult one.
	
	The love stories between the knights and the ladies always have a tragic ending, even though the enemy also dies.
	
	The hero tries to save his lady from the danger of a monster.
	
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	 5a Questão (Ref.: 201502366137)
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	According to the Knightly Code, the perfect knight should:
	
	 
	Defend anyone in need, serve God and the King and fight for his good name if insulted.
	
	Defend the pagan beliefs, know how to use the sword fairly well, get money from the rich.
	
	Spread the pagan beliefs, protect the lords and their families, love his mistress.
	
	Give a good impression on women, offer his help to the ones in need, fight for his own interests.
	
	Kill the enemies in case it proved necessary, win duels, save the wealthy people who might be in danger.
	
	
	
	 6a Questão (Ref.: 201502366140)
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	What was Arthur a symbol of?
	
	 
	Hope to the British people.
	
	Frailty, as he was a great leader.
	
	Disappointment to the ones who trusted him.
	
	Faith, as a magical dwarf of war.
	
	Courage, as he fought bravely against the German soldiers.
	
	
	
	 7a Questão (Ref.: 201502366142)
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	What was the CODE OF CHIVALRY associated with?
	
	 
	The way a perfect knight should behave.
	
	Being good at horse riding.
	
	The idea of respect for foreign lords and ladies.
	
	The Victorian Age.
	
	Courtly manners and looking like a lord.
	
	
	
	 8a Questão (Ref.: 201502466288)
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	Medieval Chivalry represented a very good well designed behaviour code in relation to moral principles and conduct. Which of the following contradicts the ideal of Medieval Chivalry?
	
	
	According to code of chivalry, the perfect knight fought for his good name if insulted
	
	According to code of chivalry, to serve the king and the people was a major issue.
	
	According to code of chivalry, defended any lady in need.
	 
	According to code of chivalry, a knight's word was not something to be valued, because they didn't worry about honor.
	
	According to code of chivalry, a honorable knight served God and the King.
Aula 4
	 1a Questão (Ref.: 201502466315)
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	Which of the characteristics below DOES NOT belong to the 16th century English men?
	
	
	Despite of being rather conscious of the social status, determined by birth, Englishmen in the 16th century proclaimed their human right as men to ascend in a social mobility scale.
	 
	Englishmen in the 16th century had a strong intellectual formation, traveling the world was a routine to them and they were essentially consumerist beings.
	 
	Englishmen in the 16th century were as devoutly religious as their medieval ancestors, but also threw themselves passionately into the worldliest of projects and pastimes.
	
	Englishmen in the 16th century were still superstitious enough to believe in witches and all kinds of sorcery.
	
	Englishmen in the 16th century were great respecters of authority yet violently critical of their medieval ancestors for accepting it.
	
	
	
	 2a Questão (Ref.: 201502366151)
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	Choose the alternative that reveals a true information about Shakespeare
	
	
	He wrote dramatic love stories based on his previous experience as a detective.
	
	He did not allow women to act so the female roles were played by young boys.
	 
	 'Hamlet' was his most famous revenge tragedy.
	
	His comedies did not really become famous.
	
	He was a famous American writer, who lived in the Elizabethan Age.
	
	
	
	 3a Questão (Ref.: 201502473974)
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	Which characteristic presented below cannot describe the Englishmen in the 16th century:
	
	
	superstitious
	 
	did not respect authority
	
	conscious of the social status
	
	religious
	 
	had the right to ascend in a social mobility scale
	
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	 4a Questão (Ref.: 201502366150)
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	It can be said about the Renaissance that ...
	
	
	A variety of religious beliefs was the measure of all things.
	
	Stimulated by the excitement of the Egyptian manuscripts, recently discovered by archeologists, the Elizabethan world came alive with several plays based on the values of the old Egyptian world.
	 
	The basic message that the Greeks and Romans left the Elizabethans was that life as not, as Middle-Aged people thought, a `journey through a vale of tears' to a better world after death, but rather a beautiful and exciting experience, that the world was a place where man could display his amazing creative faculties.
	
	Greek and Latin manuscripts, which were reproduced by the newly invented printing press, set off a wave of disappointment for classical ideas.
	
	The Humanists, who adopted the God-centered point of view, were university experts in Greek and Latin.
	
	
	
	 5a Questão (Ref.: 201502366125)
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	What was the Magna Carta?
	
	
	It was a love letter written by William the Conqueror to his mistress.
	
	It was a famous book written in the Middle Ages which told the story of a famous hero.
	
	It was a document written by the Pope of the Catholic Church, which gave special rights to ordinary people in England.
	 
	It was little more than a treaty between the king and the barons, which served to define some of the Crown's feudal powers and some of the subjects' judicial rights.
	
	It was a sacred document by means of which the Church would have the right of sharing the King's wealth with ordinary people.
	
	
	
	 6a Questão (Ref.: 201502365688)
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	One of the questions that has occupied those interested in King Arthur is whether or not he is a historical figure but what we can state about the legendary figure of King Arthur is that
	
	 
	he was born as a symbol of hope to the British people
	
	he was famous for his oral speeches
	
	he was a cruel man
	
	he was recognized as a great poet
	
	he gave power to women
	
	
	
	 7a Questão (Ref.: 201502366144)
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	Why is the Elizabethan Age one of the most remarkableperiods in British history?
	
	
	Because it was a period in which England won four different wars.
	
	Because as England was not an agricultural country any more, life emerged led by an industrial and commercial development.
	 
	Because t was a time deeply marked by cultural, social, political and economic changes which came to a climax during the Elizabethan Age.
	
	Because out of the exciting turmoil of English life there emerged the medieval barons who dominated the society.
	
	Because of the song writers and dramatists who turned England into a democracy.
	
	
	
	 8a Questão (Ref.: 201502366136)
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	Think about the characters and elements belonging to the stories of King Arthur. Then, match the names innumbered colum to the observation preceed by letters: 1- Lancelot ( ) the name of the legendary headquarter of Arthur's government 2- The Graal ( ) King Arthur's famous sword. 3- Caladfwick ( ) the most famous knight from the Round Table. 4- Camelot ( ) a magical pot whose theme dates from the Celtic legends.
	
	
	1 - 2- 3- 4
	
	3 - 4- 2- 1
	
	2- 1 - 3 - 4
	
	4- 3- 2- 1
	 
	4 - 3- 1 - 2
	
Aula 5
	
1.
	
	
	
	
	
	(1)Rome, (2)John Calvin, (3)Muslim
	
	
	(1)Rome, (2)King Arthur, (3)Catholic
	
	
	(1)Rome, (2)Catholic, (3)John Calvin
	
	 
	(1)Rome, (2)John Calvin, (3)Catholic
	
	
	(1)London, (2)John Calvin, (3)Catholic
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2.
	
	
	
	
	
	
	Because the Americans had a stronger army than that of the English.
	
	
	Because the English Parliament was much more concerned with their interests in other colonies rather than in the American one.
	
	 
	Because while there were great struggles going on in England, the Americans grew stronger and prosperous.
	
	
	Because the Americans had been able to get the political support from France, Spain and Italy.
	
	
	Because English banks had gone bankrupt and couldn't support financially speaking the English Navy.
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3.
	
	
	
	
	
	
	imagination
	
	
	force
	
	
	experience
	
	 
	reason
	
	
	violence
	
	
4.
	
	
	
	
	
	
	It built up a nation based on prejudice.
	
	
	It changed the English language.
	
	
	It turned the economy into one based on agriculture.
	
	 
	It preserved the union.
	
	
	It motivated young people to study.
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5.
	
	
	
	
	
	
	The concept of communism.
	
	
	The concept of happiness.
	
	 
	The concept of freedom.
	
	
	The concept of Catholicism.
	
	
	The concept of political fight.
	
	
6.
	
	
	
	
	
	
	The ones involved in the revolutions spoke the same language.
	
	 
	Both of them fought against tyrannical oppresion?
	
	
	Both revolutions took place in America.
	
	
	Both revolutions were based on religious reasons.
	
	
	Both of them were led by people who were fascinated by Hitler's ideals.
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7.
	
	
	
	
	
	 
	A philosophy of human freedom.
	
	
	A new type of |Communist Party.
	
	
	A new political treaty with Germany.
	
	
	A series of civil wars.
	
	
	The first World War.
	
	
8.
	
	
	
	
	
	
	A new type of government.
	
	 
	More money so the colonies would have to pay more taxes.
	
	
	To bring unity to the country.
	
	
	Some miraculous strategies to help them solve their problems.
	
	
	To choose the right commander in chief to control the situation.
Aula 6
Choose the alternative that correctly completes the following sentences: Henry¿s break with (1)____ was purely political. He did not approve the new ideas of Protestant Reformation introduced by Martin Luther in Germany and (2)_____ in Geneva. He still believed in the (3)_____ faith.�
�
 
Why did England lose control over the colonies?�
�
 
During the American Revolution, liberty, equality, private property and representative government began to make sense to European observers. These ideas were based on men using�
�
 
Which of the following statements can be regarded as a consequence of the American Civil War?�
�
 
Which was the most important concept the English colonists incorporate into Virginia's first charter?�
�
 
What did the American and the French Revolution have in common?�
�
 
What can we link the American Declaration of Independence to?�
�
 
What did the British government need to support the growing empire?�
�