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LISTA DE INGLÊS 
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TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO
(Ita) "The defenders of Normandy were not the best of Hitler's army. Those were in Russia and Italy, as well as in France, but on the other side of the Seine, the Pas-de-Calais, which the Germans thought the more likely invasion target. Most of the soldiers of the Seventh Army in Normandy Belonged to static divisions. They were... (I)... too old... (II)... too young for the war elsewhere, or had been wounded, or were not German at all but Soviet Central Asians who preferred... (III)... coat... (IV)... in a prison camp."
	(extracted from Time - June 6, 1994)
1. As lacunas I e II devem ser preenchidas respectivamente por:
a) or - or.
b) neither - or.
c) either - or.
d) neither - nor.
e) nor - nor.
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO
(Ita) JUST YOUR SIGNATURE CAN OPEN A WORLD OF PRIVILEGES.
As an American Express Cardmember, you will enjoy a relationship with us that¢ goes beyond the ordinary. You will be treated as a member, not a number. And you'll receive the respect and recognition seldom found today.
	MEMBERSHIP HAS ITS PRIVILEGES.
		24 HOURS A DAY.
You have a direct line to a .........(I)......... -and ......(II)...... -American Express staff member,
through our 24-Hour Customer Service toll-free hotline. We don't believe your needs should have to wait just because it's 2 o'clock in the morning. And,............ (III)......... just call our 24-Hour Card Replacement, and we'll....... (IV)........ a new one in your hands usually by the end of the next business day.
CARDMEMBERS ENJOY FINANCIAL FREEDOM.
As a cardmember, you enjoy worldwide purchasing power, and the advantage of no preset spending limit. Your purchases are approved based upon the spending and payment patterns you establish, and your personal resources. And because you pay in full each month, you won't be faced with added finance charges (which are no longer fully deductible under the new tax law).
2. A palavra "because", em destaque no texto, poderia ser substituída por:
a) while
b) how
c) like
d) since
e) for
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO
(Cesgranrio) SHOPAHOLICS
(1)	What are the warning signs of compulsive shopping? There is still very little known about compulsive spenders.	
(2)	"A compulsion is the uncontrollable need to do something. The individual is overwhelmed by the desire to do very stupid things in order to reduce anxiety", psychiatrists say. "The tension is there, and even though they recognize that what they do may be ridiculous, they do it anyway."
(3)	Researchers estimate that as many as 10 million Americans are compulsive shoppers, with a growing number of people addicted to home-shopping catalogs and TV-shopping services.
(4)	A compulsive shopper told a researcher that she could never go to a supermarket and buy just one bottle of milk. It had to be two. Why? "I'd been brought up to please everybody," she said. "So I thought I was pleasing the store."
(5)	To help anxious shopaholics, who often wind up with major financial and personal difficulties, researchers at several universities in the United States are working on a variety of therapeutic approaches, from behavior modification to experiments with a drug used to treat such obsessions as ritualized hand-washing.
(6)	Psychiatrists and social scientists have various theories as to why people engage in compulsive behavior. Shopaholics, they suggest, could be sexually frustrated, might suffer from lack of self-esteem, or they may just have a neurotic reaction to television commercials and glossy advertisements.
(7)	"Often, there is a background of emotional problems such as anxiety, depression, substance abuse and mood disorders," says Dr. Donald Black, a professor of psychiatry at the University of lowa College of Medicine. Though overshoppers later experience considerable remorse, they "find shopping exciting. They think about doing it. They fantasize about the selecting and the purchasing. They have closets full of clothing they don't wear, but feel embarrassed about returning items. They go into a store for a specific, such as a shampoo, and come out with $100 worth of goods."
(8)	Who needs help? "If you have had clothes for six months and haven't taken the tags off," one compulsive shopper recently suggested, "you probably need to evaluate what you are doing."
Adapted from Jon Anderson, CHICAGO TRIBUNE, July 24, 1994.
3. The sentence "Though overshoppers later experience considerable remorse, they find shopping exciting." contains an idea of:
a) addition.
b) alternative.
c) cause.
d) condition.
e) contrast.
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO
(Fgv) The idea that executives need to fly on business class...(1)... they can work is bogus, according to a survey of European business travelers conducted ...(2)... the Official Airline Guides. It ...(3)... that passengers pounding laptops were most likely to be sitting in economy class. "The more senior the ...(4)... executive, likely you are to find them relaxing in business class...(5)... a movie," the OAG says.
4. Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna 1 do texto.
a) though
b) so
c) for
d) until
e) since
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO
(Ufpe) Sr. Thomson escreveu um artigo tecendo comentários sobre o livro escrito por Marlon Brando: " Songs My Mother Taught Me" (Random House, 468pp. $25).
"As I stumble across the years of my life", writes Marlon Brando, "trying to recall....(1)....it was about, I find that....(2)....is really clear."
The reader is warned by that first sentence: this vaunted autobiography picks and chooses what it wants to talk about; it never justifies its own mythic subtitle; and it....(3)....help us understand why or how Brando....(4)....the actor most admired by other actors - let alone audiences. ...(5)...there's a kind of undertone of complaint - Why are you making me do this?
(From GUARDIAN WEEKLY, October 9, 1994 page 18)
Na(s) questão(ões) adiante assinale nos parentesses (V) se a alternativa for verdadeira ou (F) se for falsa.
5. A alternativa que melhor preenche a lacuna (5) é:
( ) In addition
( ) Instead
( ) Therefore
( ) Because
( ) Then
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO
(Mackenzie) THE NEW CORPORATE CULTURE
It is noontime in Tokyo's Ginza commercial district. Like thousands of others, Hidetoshi Katsuki gets up from his desk and heads for the door. But something about the 42-year-old engineer doesn't quite square with the picture of a hapless¢ salaryman under the lash of recession. Maybe it is Katsuki's glowing tan, or his muscular shoulders, or the devil-may-care look on his face. Or maybe it's the fact that he's wearing sneakers and a tank top. Within minutes Katsuki is out on the street, jogging casually amid a sea of gray suits. And this is Katsuki's routine for only nine months of the year; after that he really loosens up. "I spent almost two months on vacation in the U. S., Australia and New Zealand last year," he says, grinning. "In December I went to Hawaii and ran in the Honolulu marathon."
Believe it or not, a surprising number of Japanese - those still with jobs, anyway - seem to be actually enjoying the recession. Pressed by their companies to work fewer hours, they are taking more time off and spending it with spouses or significant others or at home with the kids. Or they are fulfilling the dreams of freedom they have harbored since their schoolboy hell in cram schools. If their paychecks come to less, well, prices in Japan have dropped, too, and there are a lot more cheap importsto choose from.
Tens of thousands of Japanese, of course, are hurting badly, laid off by companies they once trusted, forced into worthless jobs or struggling in new careers as entrepreneurs. And many are determined never to have faith in the system again. But whatever the individual experience, one thing is likely: Japan's corporate culture will never be the same. "The myth of a corporate family culture is gradually fading," says Kazuhiko Tanaka, editor in chief of B-ing, Japan's most popular help-wanted magazine. "Corporations can no longer afford lifetime employment and the seniority system, whereas£ young workers do not consider company life the most important. For a long time, both management and workers enjoyed a kind of mutual agreement under which security was exchanged for subordination. That's changing now."
And how. The frustratingly long recession has seemed to belie the success of the Japan Inc. model. It is taking the torque out of Japan's tightly wound, hard-driven corporatism. In a country where companies once commanded the loyalty due a feudal lord, job-hopping isn't even news anymore. A government survey released in January showed that 60 percent of Japanese adults would not rule out switching companies.
(Adapted from NEWSWEEK. March 25, 1996.)
6. The meaning of " whereas " (ref. 2) in the text is:
a) sufficiently
b) theoretically
c) at present
d) intensely
e) while
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO
(Unirio) Research shows that sunscreens may not be as effective as hoped at preventing sunburn. Users may¢ be spending long hours in the sun with a false sense of security, and though£ lotions may protect against sunburning UVB rays, it does little to block out the potentially more dangerous UVA rays. Another worry¤ is the long-term effects of the chemicals contained in the suntan lotion themselves. To make spending time outdoors safer, a company called Frogskin, Inc., located in Scottsdale, Arizona, is marketing a line of clothing called ¥Frogware that¦, wet or dry, protects the user from the damaging effects of the sun more effectively than sunscreens.
	§"Our T-shirts give you the same amount of protection from the sun that a heavy sweat shirt would", says Jan Steinberg, president of Frogskin. "But who wants to wear a sweat shirt in the water?" A typical cotton T-shirt, for instance, has a sun protection factor (SPF) of 5; a Frogskin T-shirt has a SPF of 30. Frogwear, says the maker, blocks out 98.5% of all UVB rays and 97% of all UVA rays. The fabric, which is lighter than cotton but more durable, also helps keep you cool, by wicking perspiration away from the skin. ¨In addition, Frogwear absorbs very little water when wet and dries quickly. Prices range© from $ 18 for a hat to $ 50 for a sports jacket.
Newsweek, September 18, 1994
7. The word THOUGH (ref.:2) can be replaced with...
a) but.
b) however.
c) therefore.
d) besides.
e) yet.
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO
(Ita) 	"'Manic, crazy and angry', murmurs Stone Gossard, running his hands through his closely cropped hair. He's talking about early Pearl Jam gigs, and how they first tour felt. We're sitting in the back of the band's tour bus on a cool desert night in Phoenix, where the band has just finished another musically and emotionally compelling show. 'It's "weird" he muses, 'we're getting more comfortable playing live, and we're playing more consistently every night. '"Yet" sometimes it's more difficult to get in that state of mind where you can just lose yourself to the music.'
	It's clear that Gossard and the rest of Pearl Jam no longer want to "rely"... anger and craziness to drive the band, 'On the first tour we might have lost ourselves that way, and it could have sounded like a wall of shit to some people. Now we're finding a new way to groove, through getting more confident as a band. 'We're locking for a new balance between losing ourselves and locking in, while still being conscious of the song."
8. A palavra "yet", relacionada no texto, poderia ser substituída por:
a) furthermore
b) and
c) nevertheless
d) already
e) rather
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO
(Fgv) "The new economic order WAS SUPPOSED TO bring rapid growth for the industrialized nations, as emerging capitalist countries joined a GLOBAL FREE TRADE SYSTEM ................ brutal competition from the Third World and the Soviet block HAS STALLED the developed nations."
9. A palavra que preenche melhor a lacuna do texto é
a) Because
b) Instead
c) Moreover
d) Therefore
e) While
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO
(Fgv) When Volkswagen introduced a four-day workweek last year, it was hailed as an imaginative answer to Europe's chronic unemployment and high cost. With the German auto giant facing huge losses, management offered to cut the workweek from five days in exchange for a 20 percent cut in pay. The alternative was 30,000 layoffs in VW's work force of 106,000 in western Germany. But now many workers are wondering if they got a raw deal...., they want to know, is so creative about a short workweek that still lasts five days?
10. A melhor palavra para preencher a lacuna do texto é
a) How
b) Why
c) What
d) When
e) Because
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO
(Unirio) MADE FOR THE SHADE
Tall leafy trees clustered around a house can make a big dent in residential air-conditioning bills. Now researchers at Ohio State have developed a way to speed up the growth of native shade trees - and the local utility¢ plans to help promote these£ saplings to homeowners¤. The utility, American Electric Power, claims that well-placed trees can cut a home's cooling costs by as much as 50 percent.
	The project focuses on native trees - oaks, bald cypress, and black gum - that are difficult to propagate by conventional methods but, once established, ¥are likely to thrive.
	The technique begins by sprouting tree seeds in a greenhouse, which extends the growing season by several months. Later, the shoots are replanted in a container that is coated with a copper-based substance, which inhibits root growth. It's like pruning," explains researcher Daniel Struve. "It promotes a dense root system" instead of stringy, weak roots. These sturdy roots decrease the damage caused by "transplant shock" when the tree is planted. As a result, Struve claims, he can halve the time required to grow a 1.5-inch diameter red oak.
Popular Science - October, 1994, p.39
11. A palavra que poderia substituir a expressão AS A RESULT em "As a result, Struve claims, he can halve..." sem alteração do significado é:
a) Therefore.
b) However.
c) Moreover.
d) Besides.
e) Anyhow.
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO
(Unitau) 	"C. P. Snow, the British scientist and novelist, sounded the alarm in the 1950 about the dangers of two cultures: "Literary intellectuals at one pole, at the other scientists. "Since then, microchips, satellites and nuclear power have become realities that define everyday life; yet many supposedly well-educated people do not understand how they work. Despite the growing use of computers in classrooms, American universities are still graduating millions of technological illiterates."
12. Assinale a alternativa que corresponde a um sinônimo para a palavra, em destaque, a seguir:
DESPITE the growing use of computers in classrooms [...]
a) spite
b) spite the
c) in spite of
d) spite of
e) spite of the
13. (Mackenzie) Indicate the alternative that best completes the following sentence.
" Yes, I know Mario quite well;
______, I______to see him at the club last weekend."
a) furthermore - had
b) thus - wanted
c) in fact - happened
d) whereas - waited
e) despite - liked
14. (Mackenzie) Indicate the alternative that best completes the following sentence.
" He had a headache; ______, he_____the invitation. "
a) hence - declined
b) then - dismissed
c) otherwise- refused
d) so - quit
e) however - failed
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO
(Cesgranrio) THE LANGUAGE BARRIER
	Early last year, at a trade fair in Milan, a revolutionary telephone system was unveiled¢. Developed by American and Japanese, the new machine provides instantaneous translation of the caller's speech. Say "hello" in English and it will come out as "alô" in Portuguese or the equivalent word in the language of your choice. It's remarkable! It might make you think that the whole business of language learning could soon become redundant. But £don't be hasty.
	¤A sophisticated computer was programmed to perform language translation. ¥It was instructed to translate "out of sight, out of mind" into Russian. ¦The Russian translation was then§ fed into the computer and translated back into English. The result was: "invisible lunatic". A typical error. Natural language is so complex and ambiguous that¨ a ©computer will invariably have difficulty in making sense of it. The new phone can deal with "hello" and other words well enough. But if asked to translate a sentence, its limitations soon become apparent.
	The dream of "machine translation" (MT) is almost as old as the modern digital computer itself: the idea was promoted in 1949 and by the late 50's more than 20 MT projects were in development. By 1966 the Automatic Language Processing Advisory Committee concluded that "there's no immediate or predictable prospect of useful machine translation." Research funds were cut. In the late 70's MT was re-discovered.
	ªThe new generation of programs is less ambitious. ¢¡They are limited to texts where the possibilities of error are minimal, such as technical reports and operating manuals. Furthermore¢¢, the computers simply produce ¢£a workable draft translation, which a human "post-editor" will then correct.
	¢¤In spite of their obvious limitations, MTs are extremely fast and reasonably accurate. Yet¢¥, even the most optimistic scientists admit that it'll be at least 20 years before computers are capable of translating more sophisticated texts.
(Adapted from Speak Up - January 91.)
15. Choose the word or phrase that could be replaced by HOWEVER in the text.
a) then (ref.:6)
b) that (ref.:7)
c) Furthermore (ref.:11)
d) In spite of (ref.:13)
e) Yet (ref.:14)
GABARITO
1. [C]
2. [D]
3. [E]
4. [B]
5. F V F F F
6. [E]
7. [E]
8. [C]
9. [A]
10. [E]
11. [A]
12. [C]
13. [C]
14. [A]
15. [E]
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