Técnicas de tradução em Língua Inglesa

Prévia do material em texto

"Photography is the art of capturing light with a camera, usually via a digital sensor or film, to create an image. With the right camera equipment, you can even photograph wavelengths of light invisible to the human eye, including UV, infrared, and radio". Analyze the following translations. Mark T, for True, and F, for False, for each of the options, whether they're good or not good translations for the first sentence of the excerpt:
(    ) A Fotografia é a arte de capturar luz com uma câmera, normalmente por meio de um sensor digital ou filme, a fim de criar uma imagem.
(    ) A Fotografia é uma arte de captura luz com a câmera, usualmente com um sensor digital ou filme, e criar uma imagem.
(    ) Fotografia é uma arte de capturar luz com câmera, usualmente via sensor digital ou filme para produção de uma imagem.
(    ) Fotografia é a arte de capturar luz com uma câmera, normalmente via sensor digital ou filme, para gerar uma imagem.
Check the right sequence:
FONTE: https://photographylife.com/what-is-photography. Acesso em: 6 ago. 2020.
A
F - F - T - F.
B
F - T - F - F.
C
T - T - F - T.
D
T - F - F - T.
Languages differ one from another by a variety of reasons. Sometimes, nevertheless, apparently identical words in their form may coexist in different languages, even if their meaning may show some variation or, if ever it is the same, a different usage of the word, in different contexts and situations is made. For each one of the following sentences, mark T, for True and F, for False:
(    ) "Terrific" and "terrível" have the same positive connotation, both, in English and in Portuguese.
(    ) Some words may look alike but show a completely different meaning when migrating from English into Portuguese: notebook, for example, for laptop.
(    ) "Deletar" is an example of what one calls in Portuguese "estrangeirismo"
(    ) Translators may operate a switching of English words into Portuguese: when translating "qualify" (which has the meaning of the Portuguese correspondent "classificar") by the word "qualificar".
Check the right sequence:
A
T - T - F - F.
B
F - F - T - T.
C
F - T - T - T.
D
T - F - T - F.
Languages differ from each other by several aspects. People around the world comunicate using not only different structures of languages but also by differents conceptions of the world and the way language can operate choices when describing and reading reality in this world. Sometimes, nevertheless, it happens that words in use in one particular language "escape" to another one. Read the assumptions below and then check if their right or not:
I- When words from one language integrate another one, they become what we call in Portuguese "estrangeirismos"
II- When words from one language integrate another one, they become what we call in portuguese translation studies "decalque".
III- "Decalque semântico" occurs when a word is taken from a certain language, but not its original meaning in that language.
Assinale a alternativa CORRETA:
A
III, only, is correct.
B
I, only, is correct.
C
I, II and III are correct.
D
II, only, is correct
When it comes to "empréstimos linguísticos" it is not always easy and clear to identify the meaning of a certain word it its original language. Sometimes it may occur that a switching in meaning appears in the target language. Many examples are already in use in the Portuguese language, which have come from the English language.
Mark T for True and F for False for each one of the following sentences:
(    ) "Mouse" (informatics) is an example of total correspondence between the English language and the Portuguese language (empréstimo de forma e conteúdo).
(    ) When "notebook" is used in Portuguese with the meaning of "laptop" (from de English language) it is not an anglicism or "empréstimo linguístico".
(    ) If a translator wants to introduce an exotic connotation in his translation, he may keep some words of the source language that sound understandable to his target public.
(    ) A translation must always be oriented to the target language and never introduce new vocabulary or expressions.
Check the right sequence:
A
T - T - F - T.
B
T - F - T - F.
C
F - F - F - T.
D
F - T - F - T
Os anglicismos lexicais, ou anglicismos stricto sensu, são: a) formais (ex.: sport, tank, week-end); b) semânticos (ex.: realizar "compreender", assumir "supor"). Assinale a alternativa CORRETA em que a tradução compreende um anglicismo - ou empréstimo linguístico - na tradução da frase: When we looked out of the bay window we eventually realized that we had escaped from the Planet:
FONTE: MATTOSO; C. Dicionário de Linguística e Gramática. Petrópolis-RJ: Vozes, 2008.
A
Quando por fim olhamos pelo vidro da janela, percebemos que tínhamos escapado do Planeta.
B
Quando olhamos pela janela, por fim, percebemos que havíamos escapado do Planet.
C
Quando finalmente olhamos pela janela realizamos que havíamos escapado do Planeta.
D
Quando olhamos pela janeira, finalmente percebemos que havíamos escapado do Planeta.
Translating a text from one language to another demands much more than simply knowing vocabulary and syntactic arrangement of words in both languages. Translators are required to have the feeling that a certain text fits the goals at the basis of its translation. Sometimes, some adjustment has to be operated in order to achieve these same goals that the original material achieved in the source language. Nevertheless, some material may not be translated for a sequence of reasons. Check the answer which does not correspond to what is stated in the text:
A
Words are not able to migrate from one language to the other, similate form are, actually, from a same origin in Latin.
B
Some words may migrate from the English Language into Portuguese, and integrate its scope in form and meaning.
C
One may encounter a certain difficulty when meeting structures and words from a foreign language that have integrated or are in process of integrating the Portuguese language.
D
Some words may migrate from the English Language into Portuguese, and integrate its scope in form, but not in meaning
Tomemos um artigo da seção de saúde, publicado em uma revista de circulação nacional, tal como a Revista Veja. O artigo tem por título "Farmacinha ruim: Governo proíbe a venda de mercurocromo e Merthiolate". Um tradutor que tivesse que traduzir o texto para o Inglês, seria confrontado com algumas dificuldades. A respeito delas, analise as sentenças a seguir:
I- Dificuldades de vocabulário técnico: "mercurocromo" e "Merthiolate".
II- Apenas dificuldades de estilo, como restituir o diminutivo empregado em "farmacinha".
III- Vários níveis de dificuldades: morfológica, estilística e, sobretudo, pragmática, ou seja, perceber as intenções do autor ao empregar, no texto fonte, o diminutivo "farmacinha".
IV- Uma tradução para o diminutivo "farmacinha" como "A damn drugstore" seria mais apropriada do que "A little drugstore".
Assinale a alternativa CORRETA:
FONTE: Farmacinha ruim: Governo proíbe a venda de mercurocromo e Merthiolate. Revista Veja, Saúde, 25 abr. 2001, p. 86.
A
As sentenças I, III e IV estão corretas.
B
As sentenças II e III estão corretas.
C
Somente a sentença III está correta.
D
As sentenças II e IV estão corretas
When translating a text from the English language to Portuguese, the translator must have in mind that both languages present their own grammar, style, and cultural implications that strongly interfere in the result of the task. Analyze the sentences according to what is stated:
I- It is not always possible to translate the same words by exactly the same meanings when translating from English into Portuguese
BECAUSE
II- The meanings of words may vary according to their position in the sentence, the contents of the text, the purposes for the translation, among other reasons.
Check the right answer:
A
I is true and II is false.
B
I is true and II is true, but there is no relation between I and II.
C
I is true and II is true, II completes or justifies I.
D
I is trueand II is true, I completes or justifies II.
Ao manter na sua tradução itens da cultura-fonte, o tradutor espera que o leitor para o qual traduz conheça e seja capaz de compreender e contextualizar o elemento estrangeiro que trouxe para a sua cultura. Esse procedimento possui um nome específico. Sobre o exposto, assinale a alternativa CORRETA:
A
O procedimento é a equivalência semântica.
B
Trata-se de um fenômeno de tradução palavra por palavra.
C
O tradutor faz um empréstimo com ou sem aclimatação.
D
Trata-se de um fenômeno de equivalência
Since ever, translators have always had to deal with some difficulties when translating a text from a source language into a target language. This has been the major factor, for example, when translating religious texts, and literature. Why has that been so? Analyze the statements:
I- In the target language, meaning may occur at a syntagmatic or even phrasal, stylistic and cultural level.
BECAUSE
II- Thus, it is not always possible to consider the borders of a word as to be the scope of the meaning.
Check the right answer:
A
I is a true statement and II is a true statement. II completes I.
B
I is a true statement and II is a true statement. I completes II.
C
I is a true statement and II is a true statement. There is no relation between them.
D
I is a true statement and II is a false statement