LÍNGUA INGLESA - ESTRUTURA SINTÁTICA I simulado 1

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1a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	There is a close connection between the eight word classes and the seven clause elements¿subjects, verbs (verb elements), objects, predicatives, complements, adnominal functors and adverbials. The various types of phrase function as one or another of the clause elements; they are the ¿constituents¿ of the clause elements in other words. In which alternative the correspondence is NOT right?
		
	
	adverbs - adverbials
	 
	conjunctions ¿ adnominal functors
	
	adjectives - adnominal functors, predicative
	
	nouns ¿ subjects, objects, complements
	
	eterminers ¿ adnominal functors
	Respondido em 01/06/2023 19:06:44
	
	Explicação:
Conjunctions have no syntactic function. They are not classified syntactically.
	
		2a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	Which sentence is completed with the preposition IN?
		
	
	e)Open your books _____ page 10.
	 
	a)My cousin lives _____ the country.
	
	b)When she was a little girl people saw unrealistic cowboy films _____ television.
	
	d)The teacher wrote a sentence _____ blackboard.
	
	c)I stay _____ my grandmother's.
	Respondido em 01/06/2023 19:07:29
	
	Explicação:
b)When she was a little girl people saw unrealistic cowboy films _____ television.ON
c)I stay _____ my grandmother's. AT
d)The teacher wrote a sentence _____ blackboard. ON
e)Open your books _____ page 10. ON
 
 
	
		3a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	According to Quirk (1985), in the most general terms, a preposition expresses a relation between two entities, one being that represented by the prepositional complement, the other by another part of the sentence.The prepositional complement is characteristically a NOUN PHRASE, a nominal WH-clause, or a nominal -ING clause. Bearing that in mind, how many prepositional phrases are there in the following sentence? "In the afternoon, we went to Boston".
		
	
	5
	
	3
	
	1
	
	4
	 
	2
	Respondido em 01/06/2023 19:08:44
	
	Explicação:
Two:
In the afternoon, we went to Boston".
	
		4a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	In each of the following sentences the highlighted word is a participial adjective?
		
	
	d)The noise is annoying the neighbors (annoying)
	 
	a) He told me a moving story about his childhood. (moving)
	
	c) I spent four hours calculating your tax returns. (calculating)
	
	e)My eyes are stinging. (stinging)
	
	b) Our piano was tuned by a Mr. Beethoven. (tuned)
	Respondido em 01/06/2023 19:11:54
	
	Explicação:
Many adjectives can be identified by their endings. Another major subclass of adjectives can also be formally distinguished by endings, this time by -ed or -ing endings:
· -ed form       computerized, determined, excited, misunderstood, renowned, self-centred, talented, unknown
· -ing form      annoying, exasperating, frightening, gratifying, misleading, thrilling, time-consuming, worrying
 
Remember that some -ed forms, such as misunderstood and unknown, do not end in -ed at all. Adjectives with -ed or -ing endings are known as PARTICIPIAL ADJECTIVES, because they have the same endings as verb participles. Like other adjectives, participial adjectives can usually be modified by very, extremely, or less (very determined, extremely self-centred, less frightening, etc). They can also take more and most to form comparatives and superlatives (annoying, more annoying, most annoying). Finally, most participial adjectives can be used both attributively and predicatively.
	
		5a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	In which alternative the concept is wrong?
		
	 
	A word consists of one or more phones.
	
	A text consists of one or more sentences
	
	A phrase consists of one or more words
	
	A sentence consists of one or more clauses
	
	A clause consists of one or more phrases
	Respondido em 01/06/2023 19:15:04
	
	Explicação:
A text consists of one or more sentences (frases)
A sentence consists of one or more clauses (orações)
A clause consists of one or more phrases (sintagmas)
A phrase consists of one or more words (palavras)
A word consists of one or more morphemes (morfemas)
 
	
		6a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	In the sentence: 'I sent him a letter.', HIM is the indirect object. In which sentence this object is correctly changed in the passive voice and becomes the subject?
		
	
	c) A letter was sent to him.
	
	e) A letter was sent.
	
	d) He sent a letter.
	 
	b) He was sent a letter.
	
	a) He had been sent a letter.
	Respondido em 01/06/2023 19:19:37
	
	Explicação:
 
Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that one of the two objects becomes the subject, the other one remains an object. Which object to transform into a subject depends on what you want to put the focus on.
'I sent him a letter.', HIM is the indirect object. = He was sent a letter.
 
	
		
	Gabarito
Comentado
	
	
	
		7a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	In which alternative the reported speech is wrong?
		
	 
	b)"Close the door behind you," he told me.→ He told me to close the door behind you.
	
	c)"Don't be late," he advised us.→ He advised us not to be late.
	
	a)She said, "Go upstairs."→ She told me to go upstairs.
	
	d)"Stop staring at me," she said.→ She told him to stop staring at her.
	
	e)"Don't be angry with me," he said.→ He asked her not to be angry with him.
	Respondido em 01/06/2023 19:21:12
	
	Explicação:
"Close the door behind you," he told me.→ He told me to close the door behind you. (me) 
	
		8a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	Choose the best alternative: I think we can safely say now that we have got our money back, we are home and dry.
 
		
	
	(d) have got home dry
	
	(e) have got home safe
	 
	(b) have been successful
	
	(c) have got no water
	
	(a) have not got wet
	Respondido em 01/06/2023 19:24:17
	
	Explicação:
We are home and dry = we have been successful.
	
		9a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	Consider the sentences below and find the MOST POSITIVE CONNOTATION for the words underlined:
I. Sometimes my thin friend annoys me.
II. I recognized the familiar smell of my roommate's cooking.
III. Scrapple is an inexpensive meal.
IV. Kevin's interest in model cars has turned into a hobby.
V. Uncle Henry lives in a hut deep in the woods.
		
	
	a) slim - stench - thrifty - obsession - cabin
	
	d) scrawny - aroma - thrifty - avocation - cabin
	
	e) scrawny - stench - cheap - obsession - cabin
	
	b) slim - aroma - cheap - avocation - shack
	 
	c) slim - aroma - thrifty - avocation - cabin
	Respondido em 01/06/2023 19:26:50
	
	Explicação:
I. Sometimes my thin friend annoys me. = slim
II. I recognized the familiar smell of my roommate's cooking. = aroma
III. Scrapple is an inexpensive meal. = thrifty
IV. Kevin's interest in model cars has turned into a hobby. = avocation
V. Uncle Henry lives in a hut deep in the woods. = cabin
	
		10a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	The phrases 'the humming bee', 'the cackling hen', and 'the buzzing saw' are examples of ________________.
		
	
	pun
	
	metaphor
	
	antithesis
	 
	onomatopoeia
	
	irony
	Respondido em 01/06/2023 19:28:07
	
	Explicação:
Onomatopoeia is the use of words that sound like their meaning, or mimic sounds. It is used to replicate sounds created by objects, actions, animals and people.
· "Chug, chug, chug. Puff, puff, puff. Ding-dong, ding-dong. The little train rumbled over the tracks."
("Watty Piper" [Arnold Munk], The Little Engine That Could)
· "Brrrrrrriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinng! An alarm clock clanged in the dark and silent room."(Richard Wright, Native Son, 1940)