LITERATURA NORTE-AMERICANA

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LITERATURA NORTE-AMERICANA
Questão 1: Read the following summary of The Joy Luck Club, by Amy Tan:
The novel opens after the death of Suyuan Woo, an elderly Chinese woman and the founding member of the Joy Luck Club. Suyuan has died without fulfilling her "long-cherished wish" to be reunited with her twin daughters who were lost in China. Suyuan’s American-born daughter, Jing-mei (June) Woo, is asked to replace her mother at the Joy Luck Club’s meetings. At the first meeting, Jing-mei learns that her long-lost half-sisters have been found alive and well in Shanghai. The other three elderly members of the Club - her mother’s best friends and Jing-mei’s "aunties" - give Jing-mei enough money to travel to China and meet her sisters. Essentially, Jing-mei has the opportunity to fulfill her mother’s greatest wish. Jing-mei’s aunties assign her the task of telling her twin sisters about the mother they never knew. The only problem is, Jing-mei feels like she never really knew her own mother.
Fonte: https://www.shmoop.com/joy-luck-club/summary-html (Acesso em 27/09/2023)
According to the summary, the main plot of the novel is:
A) The foundation of the Joy Luck Club.
B) Jing-mei’s fulfilling of her mother’s wish.
C) Suyuan Woo’s death
D) Jing-mei’s relationship with her “aunties”.
E) The story of Jing-mei’s long-lost half sisters.
Questão 2: Read the following stanza from the poem “Chicago”, by Carl Sandburg:
Hog Butcher for the World,
Tool maker, Stacker of Wheat,
Player with Railroads and the Nation's Freight Handler;
Stormy, husky, brawling,
City of the Big Shoulders
Consider the following statements:
I. The stanza describes the workers of the city of Chicago.
II. The last line establishes a comparison between Chicago and New York.
III. Carl Sandburg follows the cryptic style of Emily Dickinson.
IV. Carl Sandburg describes the city workers in the style of Walt Whitman’s poem “I Sing America”.
Choose the correct alternative:
A) Only I and II are correct.
B) Only III is correct.
C) Only I and IV are correct.
D) Only II and III are correct.
E) I, II, III, IV are correct.
Questão 3: Mark Twain e Henry James são dois dos maiores escritores norte-americanos do século dezenove. A grande diferença entre eles é:
I. Mark Twain se interessava pela vida no interior dos Estados Unidos.
II. Henry James olhava para Europa.
III. Henry James retratou a vida na fronteira dos Estados Unidos.
IV. Mark Twain se inspirou nas grandes romancistas inglesas.
Está correto o que se afirma em:
A) I, II, III e IV.
B) III e IV, apenas.
C) I e IV, apenas.
D) I e II, apenas.
E) II e III, apenas.
Questão 4: Read the poem “Negro”, by Langston Hughes:
I am a Negro:
 Black as the night is black,
 Black like the depths of my Africa.
I’ve been a slave:
 Caesar told me to keep his door-steps clean.
 I brushed the boots of Washington.
I’ve been a worker:
 Under my hand the pyramids rose.
 I made mortar for the Woolworth Building.
I’ve been a singer:
 All the way from Africa to Georgia.
 I carried my sorrow songs.
 I made ragtime.
I’ve been a victim:
 The Belgians cut off my hands in the Congo.
 They lynch me still in Mississippi.
I am a Negro:
 Black as the night is black
 Black like the depths of my Africa
Consider the following statements:
I. In its different stanzas, the poem narrates the history of African man.
II. The first and last stanzas affirm the concept of Negritude.
III. The poem narrates the different historical situations in which Black man has been victimized from Africa to the United States.
IV. When the poem states “Caesar told me to keep his door-steps clean” there is a poetical license since the Black man was not the victim of slavery in Roman Times.
V. One of the rhetorical figures used in the poem is the simile.
Choose the correct alternative:
A) Only I, II and III.
B) Only II, III and IV.
C) Only V.
D) Only I, II, III and IV.
E) Only I, II, III and V.
Questão 5: Um dos autores que trabalha com peças de cunho psicológico é Edward Albee. Sua peça de teatro Who’s afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1962) designa:
I. Elementos do absurdo para criticar o “sonho americano” e suas contradições internas.
II. Alienação e desilusão existenciais.
III. A vida familiar de um casal alcoolista, em uma mistura de experiência teatral e comentários sociais.
IV. A realidade do “sonho americano” como sendo factível para quem persiste nele.
Das afirmativas, qual(is) está(ão) INCORRETA(S)?
A) I, apenas.
B) I e II, apenas.
C) IV, apenas.
D) II e III, apenas.
E) III, apenas.
Questão 6: O Modernismo nos Estados Unidos apresenta características semelhantes a esse período das artes e da literatura em outras regiões do mundo. Essa escola foi influenciada pelas vanguardas artísticas europeias, como o Dadaísmo, o Futurismo, o Surrealismo. Todavia, no que compete à literatura estadunidense, é possível verificar não somente as influências de movimentos externos, mas a personalização da escrita moderna.
Sobre o Modernismo nos Estados Unidos, avalie as informações a seguir:
I. Os aspectos convencionais e acadêmicos e a norma padrão foram eliminados dos textos como forma de protesto contra o domínio europeu na literatura.
II. O uso do fluxo da consciência foi incorporado como forma de rompimento com o tradicionalismo literário por meio da livre expressão de sentimento das personagens.
III. A grosseria e a vulgaridade foram eliminadas como temas, com o objetivo de se adequar essa literatura aos padrões acadêmicos.
Está correto o que se afirma em:
A) I, apenas.
B) II, apenas.
C) I e III, apenas.
D) II e III, apenas.
E) I, II e III.
Questão 7: Sobre a literatura dos puritanos, pode-se afirmar que:
I- Os puritanos favoreciam a literatura religiosa, cujo objetivo era louvar a Deus e tornar a Bíblia familiar. Eles transitaram por todos os gêneros: sermões religiosos; poesia metafísica; relatos religiosos; diários etc.
II- Os temas dessas narrativas estavam relacionados ao seu dia a dia, mas sempre a partir de uma perspectiva moral e religiosa: a vida era vista como uma prova constante; o fracasso levava a condenação; o sucesso era recompensado com a graça de Deus, manifestada no bem-estar econômico.
III- O Puritanismo sempre está associado ao capitalismo americano. Isso porque ambos fundamentam-se na ambição, no trabalho árduo e na busca permanente do sucesso [...] Riqueza e status não eram almejados por si só, mas como reafirmação de saúde espiritual e promessa de vida eterna. Para os Puritanos, não havia diferença entre o mundo secular e o mundo religioso: tudo o que acontecia na vida era um signo da vontade divina.
Escolha a alternativa correta:
A) I, II e III estão corretas.
B) Apenas I está correta.
C) Apenas II está correta.
D) Apenas III está correta.
E) Apenas II e III estão corretas.
Questão 8: Read the preface Mark Twain wrote for The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn:
A few words to begin
Most of the adventures in this book really happened. One or two were my own experiences. The others were experiences of boys in my school. Huck Finn really lived. My book is for boys and girls, but I hope that men and women also will read it. I hope that it will help them to remember pleasantly the days when they were boys and girls, and how they felt and thought and talked, what they believed, and what strange things they sometimes did. 
Mark Twain Hartford, Connecticut 1876
Fonte: https://americanenglish.state.gov/files/ae/resource_files/tom-sawyer-a-few-words-to-begin_2.pdf (Acesso em 30/09/2023)
Now, read the following statements:
I. Huck Finn is a child that actually lived in Mark Twain’s city.
II. The book is addressed to children.
III. The book aims at being a pleasant memory of the reader’s childhood days.
IV. The adventures depicted in the book were inspired in Mark Twain’s childhood.
Which statements are correct?
A) I, II, III and IV.
B) I and II, only.
C) III and IV, only.
D) I, II and III, only.
E) I and IV, only.
Questão 9: Read the following poem: “On Being Brought from Africato America”, de Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784):
On Being Brought from Africa to America
It was mercy brought me from my pagan land,
Taught my benighted soul to understand
That there's a God, that there's a Savior too:
Once I redemption neither sought nor knew.
Some view our sable race with scornful eye,
"Their color is a diabolic dye."
Remember Christians; Negroes, black as Cain,
May be refined, and join the angelic train
It is possible to state that the poem:
A) Has the characteristics of the Harlem Renaissance.
B) Shows the desire of the lyric self to return to the African religions.
C) Shows Wheatley's knowledge of poetry already written in America, following the English model.
D) Asks African Americans to abandon their African religious practices in order not to be considered as having "a diabolic dye".
E) Says that once in America, Africans consider Africa as a pagan land
Questão 10: Read the following poem, by Leslie Marmon Silko.
Long time ago
in the beginning
there were no white people in this world
there was nothing European.
And this world might have gone on like that 
except for one thing:
witchery.
This world was already complete
even without white people.
There was everything
including witchery.
Fonte: Ramazani, Jahan & Richard Ellmann and Robert O’Clair, eds. [1973] Introduction to Contemporary Poetry. Third Edition (New York & London: W. W. Norton, 2003), p. 340.
 According to the poem
A) For the lyric self the world was already complete without the white man.
B) For the lyric self the world only became complete when the white man appeared on the scene.
C) The natives practiced witchery on the white man.
D) The white man is against witchery.
E) Culture actually started with the arrival of the white man.