aula 1 fundamentos culturais lingua inglesa

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Ref.: 201513506371
		
	
	 1a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Which alternative is not correct in relation to Christianity in Anglo Saxon England?
		
	 
	England and Saxons never accepted Christianity. They got back to the early Celtic religion.
	
	Things did not go smoothly in Northumbria. King Edwin was killed at the battle of Hatfield in 632 and afterwards most of Northumbria reverted to Paganism. They had to be converted all over again by Celtic monks from Scotland.
	
	The last part of England to be converted to Christianity was Sussex.
	
	However Christianity continued to thrive in Wales and by the early 5th century it spread to Ireland. In the 5th and 6th centuries Scotland was converted. Cut off from the Church in Rome Celtic Christians formed a distinctive Celtic Church.
	
	In 407 the last Roman soldiers left Britain. Over the following decades Roman civilization broke down. In the 5th and 6th centuries Saxons, Angles and Jutes from Germany and Denmark invaded southern and eastern England and gradually conquered most of England.
	
	 
	Ref.: 201513073091
		
	
	 2a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Mark the only question which is true in relation to Beowulf. Beowulf typifies the Anglo-Saxon ideals of personal conduct. These ideals include:
		
	
	to be a good singer
	
	to help people and become famous.
	
	to have powerful arms
	
	to be handsome
	 
	to be an advocate of freedom and justice
	
	 
	Ref.: 201513073092
		
	
	 3a Questão
	
	
	
	
	In the story of Beowulf, there is a noticeable struggle between Christianity and Paganism, and the characters personal battle between the two. Mark the question which expresses what Beowulf means to the people:
		
	
	the responsible for horrific events
	 
	the epitome of good and beneficent
	
	the pagan leader for all mankind.
	
	the owner of vast lands
	
	the promoter of wars
	
	 
	Ref.: 201513699921
		
	
	 4a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Some historians believe that it is possible to talk about the development and spread of distinctive religious traditions in England. What was the basic difference between the interest of the Celtic Church and that of the Roman one in England?
		
	
	Some bishops of the Roman Church denied the authority of the Pope and were interested in spreading reading and writing while the Celtic Church wanted to keep this knowledge to itself.
	
	The two Churches seemed to get along well, until they reached a crisis as they disagreed over the date of Christmas. For the Roman Church it was more interesting to keep it on December 25th, while the Celtic one wanted to change the date of Christmas to January 15th. In both cases there were political interests involved.
	 
	The Celtic Church was interested in the ordinary people while the Roman Church was interested in authority and organization.
	
	The bishops from the Celtic Church lived at the courts with the kings and wanted to keep it that way so as to be able to maintain their privileges while the bishops of the Roman Church were more committed with their spiritual power over ordinary people.
	
	The Roman Church was more spiritual, friendlier to women, more connected with nature and wanted things to be like that. The Celtic one, on the other hand, was much interested in keeping authority to iself and men were the only ones who could rule with their help.
	
	
	Ref.: 201513699999
		
	
	 5a Questão
	
	
	
	
	Around 700, why was it difficult to question royal power?
		
	
	Because, as the gentry supported the power of kings, it was very hard for the population to question the authority of the King.
	
	Because as most of the ordinary people did not believe in just one God, they were not seen as reliable supporters.
	
	Because ordinary people just counted on the help of French people to try to question royal power in England.
	 
	Because Kings'  authority was guaranteed by God´s approval, that is to say, in order to question royal power people needed to face the Church as well.
	
	Because the neighboring country of Scandinavia would defend royal power in England.
	
	 
	Ref.: 201513073511
		
	
	 6a Questão
	
	
	
	
	When did Christianity become firmly established across Britain?
		
	
	When the Greeks were ruling the country.
	
	About a century ago.
	
	When Jesus Christ was born.
	
	In 1200 AD, when the Middle Ages were over.
	 
	In the last hundred years of Roman government.
	
	
	Ref.: 201513073514
		
	
	 7a Questão
	
	
	
	
	What was the importance of Roman Church in relation to the maintenace of The Anglo-Saxon King´s political power over the people?
		
	
	The kings were interested in learning how to read and write, which was a privilege of the Church members.
	
	The Anglo-Saxon kings, who were once pagan, accepted the new faith in order to go to heaven when they died.
	 
	The Church members blessed the kings and queens at wedding ceremonies as God¿s representatives on earth and contributed for the spreading of pagan beliefs throughout the country.
	
	The Church helped the kings because they had the ability of unifying the country without a war.
	 
	King´s authority was guaranteed by God's approval
	
	
	Ref.: 201513506376
		
	
	 8a Questão
	
	
	
	
	At the end of the 8th century, new raiders were attracted by the wealth of Britain. They shared a contriversial origin and they came from Denmark and Norway. They were seen as pirates. These new raiders are actually the _____.
		
	 
	The Vikings
	
	The Christians
	
	The Spanish
	
	The Roman
	
	The Celts