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Dairy Essentials – Nutrition and Feeding 10 The Babcock Institute Starch Cellulose & Hemicellulose VFA's Acetate Propionate Butyrate (Lactate) Gases (CO2 & CH4) Energy (used for bacterial growth) Undigested Fiber (Starch) (Glucose) LIVER BLOOD (General circulation) FECESRUMEN INTESTINESDIET Forage Grains Glucose (Undigested Starch) Ketones Glucose (Lactate) Amino acids Protein metabolism Propionate Acetate Butyrate Ketones Lipid metabolism MUSCLES (and other tissues) ADIPOSE TISSUE MAMMARY GLAND Protein Glucose Glucose Fat (Triglycerides) PORTAL BLOOD (To the liver) Fatty Acids Glucose Acetate Ketones Acetate Ketones Fat (short chains) Glycerol Lactose Energy Glucose Acetate Ketones Glycerol Glucose Acetate Ketones Acetate Ketones Glucose Acetate Ketones INTESTINAL WALL RUMINAL WALL Energy Energy Iso-acids Figure 1: Overview of carbohydrate metabolism in dairy cows
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