Material Complementar - Compreensão oral da lingua inglesa

Prévia do material em texto

Profa. Simone Gonzalez
Material Complementar:
Compreensão Oral 
da Língua Inglesa
Revisiting the objectives of COLI:
 Be introduced to and reproduce correctly the sounds of the English language;
 Distinguish the intonation patterns of the English language;
 Be presented to, recognize and practice contextualized dialogues in several social 
interaction situations.
Complementary material. What now?
 The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system where each symbol is 
associated with a particular English sound. By using IPA you can know exactly how
to pronounce a certain word in English. This helps in improving English 
pronunciation and feeling more confident speaking in English, whether you learn
English on your own or with a specialist teacher in a class.
Source: https://www.londonschool.com/blog/phonetic-alphabet/
IPA: International Phonetic Alphabet
Short Vowels:
 /e/ went, intend, send
 /æ/ cat, hand, flat, have
 /ʌ/ fun, love, money, London
 /ʊ/ put, look, should, cook, book
 /ɒ/ rob, top, Bob
 /ə/ alive, again, mother
IPA: International Phonetic Alphabet – Examples:
 The English language has approximately 400 million native speakers worldwide, 
trailing only Mandarin and Spanish. 
 It is also the most popular second language. 
 As a result, when native and non-native English speakers are combined, English is 
recognised as the most widely-spoken global language.
 English is a major business language.
It is also recognised as an official language in:
 more than 70 different countries; 
 about 27 entities; 
 a number of well-known institutions such as the United 
Nations, WHO and the European Union.
Source: https://www.lingoda.com/en/english-speaking-countries
Is IPA important? Are IPA sounds “the ones”?
English all over the world
Source: 
https://www.reddit.com/r/MapPorn/com
ments/4lm6m5/percentage_of_english
_speakers_by_country_3002_x/
Choose the correct alternative:
a) IPA is a system where each symbol is associated with a particular English sound. 
b) The only way to speak a good English is to follow the IPA system.
c) English is the language with the biggest number of native speakers.
d) English is recognised as an official language in 10 different countries. 
e) As English is spoken by such a great number of people, there is a large linguist
variation, so IPA is useless for us, future teachers.
Interatividade
Choose the correct alternative:
a) IPA is a system where each symbol is associated with a particular English sound. 
b) The only way to speak a good English is to follow the IPA system.
c) English is the language with the biggest number of native speakers.
d) English is recognised as an official language in 10 different countries. 
e) As English is spoken by such a great number of people, there is a large linguist
variation, so IPA is useless for us, future teachers.
Resposta
British English or American English?
Source: buzzle.com
 Countries in Africa, Asia, in the Caribbean and in the Pacific where English is 
spoken as an official or second language were, at a certain time in the past, 
colonies of Britain.
 In many of these former colonies there was a significant number of immigrants from
the British Isles who mixed with the native people. 
 Meanwhile, colonized people shifted to the language of the colonials.
 These movements formed many varieties of English.
Rickey, Raymond. Englishes in Asia and Africa: origin and structure, page 513. 
Available on: <https://www.uni-due.de/~lan300/Englishes_in_Asia_and_Africa_(Hickey).pdf>
What about Asian English? African English? Caribbean? Pacific?
 The English language is spread across the world.
 Thus, by Englishes we understand the spread and use of diverse forms of English 
within processes of globalization and transcultural flows.
Englishes
Source: https://www.intellectualtakeout.org/blog/case-against-unfettered-globalization
 “I prefer to locate these Englishes within a more complex vision of globalization. 
This view seeks to understand the role of English both critically – in terms of new 
forms of power, control and destruction – and in its complexity – in terms of new 
forms of resistance, change, appropriation and identity. (...) English as translocal
language, a language of fluidity and fixity that moves across the materiality of 
localities and social relations.” (Pennycook, pages 5-6, 2007)
Source: PENNYCOOK, Alastair. Global Englishes and Transcultural Flows. Routledge: London, 2007.
Englishes
Englishes
Source: https://baliga.systemsbiology.net/projects/intratumoral-heterogeneity-in-brain-tumors/
Choose the incorrect alternative:
a) A pattern English is necessary so that communication is guaranteed.
b) In the colonization process, immigrants from the British Isles mixed with native
colonized people.
c) Colonized people shifted to the language of the colonials, for the sake of survival.
d) Englishes can be understood as the spread and use of diverse forms of English 
within processes of globalization.
e) In order to understand the concept of “Englishes” we
ought to think of the language critically, under an
ideological and social point of view.
Interatividade
Choose the incorrect alternative:
a) A pattern English is necessary so that communication is guaranteed.
b) In the colonization process, immigrants from the British Isles mixed with native
colonized people.
c) Colonized people shifted to the language of the colonials, for the sake of survival.
d) Englishes can be understood as the spread and use of diverse forms of English 
within processes of globalization.
e) In order to understand the concept of “Englishes” we
ought to think of the language critically, under an
ideological and social point of view.
Resposta
 Language is a political instrument.
 Language is power.
 “What we term standard English is after all only one dialect among many – the one
that happened to be spoken by the group of people responsible for compiling
dictionaries and assembling grammar manuals.” (Ahmad, page 17, 2007)
Source: AHMAD, Dohra. Rotten English: A Literary Anthology. 
W. W. Norton & Company: London, 2007.
Language and power
 Speech marks difference in not only race and region, but also in class.
George Bernard Shaw – Pygmalion or My Fair Lady:
 “Wouldn’t it be loverly?”
 “Will yeo py me f’ them?”
 “Garn! Do buy a flower off me, Captain. Take this for tuppence.”
Language and power
 “Those spoken languages have as many labels as variants: among others, non-
standard, dialect, demotic, slang, pidgin, creole and patois. Such designations are 
slippery and politically loaded.” (Ahmad, page 16, 2007)
Language and power - Englishes
“Inglan is a bitch
w’en mi jus’ come to Landan toun
mi use to work pan di andahgroun
but workin’ pan di andahgroun
y’u don’t get fi know your way around”
Linton Kwesi Johnson (Jamaica)
Source: http://www.aestheticamagazine.com/linton-kwesi-johnson/
“Inglan is a bitch
Inglan is a bitch
dere’s no scapin’ it
Inglan is a bitch
dere’s no runnin’ whey fram it”
Source: AHMAD, Dohra. Rotten English: A Literary Anthology. W. W. Norton & Company: London, 2007, pages 64-67.
Linton Kwesi Johnson (Jamaica)
Johnson’s poem “Inglan is a bitch” offers a desolate portrayal of London’s reception
to its new arrivals. He who comes to London as an immigrant may find neither peace
nor livelihood, as the lines of the poem show:
“mi dhu day wok an' mi dhu nite wok
mi dhu clean wok an' mi dhu dutty wok
dem seh dat black man is very lazy
but if y’u si how mi wok y’u woulda seh mi crazy”
Linton Kwesi Johnson (Jamaica)
Choose the correct alternative:
a) The term “standard English” has no political implication.
b) There is no relation between language and power.
c) Designations such as dialect, pidgin and patois are linguistic related only; there is 
no political or ideological implication.
d) The poem “Inglan is a bitch”is a humorous tribute to England.
e) The poem “Inglan is a bitch” is a severe criticism to England.
Interatividade
Choose the correct alternative:
a) The term “standard English” has no political implication.
b) There is no relation between language and power.
c) Designations such as dialect, pidgin and patois are linguistic related only; there is 
no political or ideological implication.
d) The poem “Inglan is a bitch” is a humorous tribute to England.
e) The poem “Inglan is a bitch” is a severe criticism to England.
Resposta
 The poem we will now present – “Dis Poem” – was written by Mutabaruka, a 
Jamaican poet. It is his best known composition and it compresses several
centuries of African and African-diaspora history.
Shall we think it over?
Source: 
http://thetropixs.com/mutabar
uka-blames-christianity-child-
abuse-jamaica/
“dis poem
shall speak of the wretched sea
that washed ships to these shores
of mothers cryin for their young
swallowed up by the sea
dis poem shall say nothin new
dis poem shall speak of time
time unlimited time undefined
dis poem shall call names
names like lumumba kenyatta nkrumah
hannibal akenaton malcolm garvey
haile selassie
Dis Poem - Mutabaruka
dis poem is vexed about apartheid rascism fascism
the klu klux klan riots in brixton atlanta
jim jones
dis poem is revoltin against
first world second world 
third world division man made decision
dis poem is like all the rest
dis poem will not be amongst great literary works
will not be recited by poetry enthusiasts
will not be quoted by politicians nor men of religion”
AHMAD, Dohra. Rotten English: A Literary Anthology. 
W. W. Norton & Company: London, 2007, pages 86-89.
Dis Poem - Mutabaruka
“dis poem will not be amongst great literary works
will not be recited by poetry enthusiasts
will not be quoted by politicians nor men of religion”
Then it’s got to be recited and quoted by us, teachers.
As a (future) teacher...
 “How to tame a wild tongue” is a text by Ray Gwyn Smith, used as a preface to the 
text “Borderland/La Frontera: The New Mestiza”, by Gloria Anzaldúa (Texas), who
is a feminist, poet, writer and cultural theorist.
 How to tame a wild tongue
“‘We’re going to have to control your tongue’, the dentist
says, pulling out all the metal from my mouth. Silver bits plop
and tinkle into the basin. My mouth is motherlode.
The dentist is cleaning out my roots. I get a whiff of the 
stench when I gasp. ‘I can’t cap that tooth yet, you’re still 
draining’, he says.”
Last but not least
“‘We’re going to have to do something about your tongue’, I hear the anger rising in 
his voice. My tongue keeps pushing out the wads of cotton, pushing back the drills, 
the long thin needles. ‘I’ve never seen anything as strong or as stubborn’, he says. 
And I think, how do you tame a wild tongue, train it to be quiet, how do you bridle and 
saddle it? How do you make it lie down?”
 “Who is to say that robbing a people of its language is less violent than war?”
Ray Gwyn Smith
AHMAD, Dohra. Rotten English: A Literary Anthology. 
W. W. Norton & Company: London, 2007, page 437.
No tongue taming
Choose the incorrect alternative:
a) “Dis poem” supports diversity and pluralism.
b) “Dis poem” communicates enraging frustrations.
c) “How to tame a wild tongue” is about standard language.
d) “Dis poem” and “How to tame a wild tongue” show social and political problems, 
but are not critical.
e) As teachers, we ought to be aware of the Englishes and 
understand that “pattern” is just a starting point to the 
world of varieties, diversity and pluralism.
Interatividade
Choose the incorrect alternative:
a) “Dis poem” supports diversity and pluralism.
b) “Dis poem” communicates enraging frustrations.
c) “How to tame a wild tongue” is about standard language.
d) “Dis poem” and “How to tame a wild tongue” show social and political problems, 
but are not critical.
e) As teachers, we ought to be aware of the Englishes and 
understand that “pattern” is just a starting point to the 
world of varieties, diversity and pluralism.
Resposta
ATÉ A PRÓXIMA!